Index

Note: italic page numbers refer to figures.

• Aboriginal Australians. See Australian Aborigines
• Adler, Dankmar, 20, 106, 115, 119, 121
• “Adler & Sullivan, Building for Richard Knisely,” 117
• Aflaq, Michel, 72
• AIDS Memorial Quilt, 18–19
• Al-Assad, Bashaar, 74–76
• Al-Assad, Bashar. See Al-Assad, Bashaar
• Al-Assad, Hafez, 73–74
• Al-Assad, Khaled, 22
• Al-Azem, Khaled, 72
• Alfred Beit Foundation, 40–41
• All-Russian Society for the Preservation of Historic and Cultural Monuments, 38, 40
• Al-Madina Souq, 66
• Al-Qaeda, 76
• Al-Quwatli, Shukri, 72
• Al-Shami, Leila, 66–67, 73
• Americana, 90–91
• American Library Association (ALA), 137–138
• American Pickers, 88
• American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR), 83
• Antiques Roadshow, 88
• Antiquities Act of 1906, 156
• Aoun, Michel, 74
• Appelt, Dieter, 196
• Appleton, William Sumner, 110
• Arab League, 72
• ArchDaily, 122
• Architectural conservation, 117–125
• Athens Charter on, 118
• Architecture 360, 125
• Armenian Massacre, 52
• Art, digital, 142–144
• Art Institute of Chicago, 106, 109, 119
• Art of War, The, 49
• Arts and Crafts Movement, 156
• Assmann, Jan, 24
• Athens Charter, 118, 169
• Atlas Obscura, 35
• Australian Aborigines, 171–172
• Authenticity, 169
• Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress, 55–57, 77
• Ba’ath Party, 72–73
• Báez, Fernando, 48
• Balfour Declaration of 1917, 70
• Balkan Wars, 22, 48, 57–58
• Bamiyan Buddhas, 20, 21, 147, 177, 181
• Banks, Paul, 4
• Barenboim, Daniel, 208
• Barker, Nicolas, 94
• Baron, David, 167
• Bartle, Richard, 141
• Basbanes, Nicholas A., 94
• Baturina, Yelena, 35
• Beck, James, 168
• Beit, Alfred, 41
• Beit, Lady, 41
• Berlin, 187, 215–216
• Bode Museum, 191, 192, 215
• Brandenburg Gate, 188, 194–195, 196
• demolition versus reconstruction in, 212–214
• history of, 189–190
• Jewish Museum, 204–205
• Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtnis-Kirche neighborhood church, 209–211
• “Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe,” 189
• “Memorial Way,” 196–205
• Musikinstrumenten-Museum, 192
• Nefertiti statue in, 187, 188, 190, 214–215
• Potsdamer Platz, 205–212
• Reichstag, 192–194
• unique challenges of preservation in formerly divided, 187–189
• in World War II, 190–191
• Bevan, Robert, 181–182
• Bey, Lee, 125
• Blaha, Craig, 139–140
• Blasphemy laws, 180
• Blue Ribbon Task Force on Sustainable Digital Preservation and Access, 146
• Bluestone, Daniel, 111–112
• Blumberg, Stephen C., 94
• Bode Museum, 191, 192, 215
• Bokova, Irina, 63–64
• Bonaparte, Napoleon, 189
• Book collecting, 93–101
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• Book Collector, The, 88
• Book of Durrow, The, 31
• Book of Kells, the, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 40
• Book of Manu, 49
• Borchardt, Ludwig, 214
• Bosnian National and University Library, 22
• Bouvard, Marguerite, xxi, 65
• Boym, Svetlana, 189
• Brandenburg Gate, 188, 194–195, 196
• British Museum, 96
• Britz, Johannes J., 148
• Brody, Richard, 204
• Brown, Denise Scott, 12–13
• Brown, Jean, 87, 98–101
• Brown, Leonard, 98, 100
• Bruno, Andrea, 182
• Buddhas of Bamiyan. See Bamiyan Buddhas
• Burke, Richard, 27, 40
• Burnham, Daniel, 106
• Burnham, Franklin Pierce, 112, 114
• Burra Charter, 164
• Cabinet of Curiosities. See Wunderkammer
• Cahan, Richard, 105, 119
• Cains, Anthony, 29–30
• Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, The, 177
• Carbon paper, 130
• Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 55
• Carone, Gabriela Roxana, 156
• Carson, Rachel, 163
• Carter, John, 96
• Cartoons, political, 177–180
• Charlie Hebdo, 180
• Charny, Israel, 59
• Charter on the Preservation of Digital Heritage, 144–145
• Chicago, 107–109. See also Nickel, Richard
• architectural conservation, 117–125
• Mecca Hotel, 112–113, 114
• Newberry Library, 111, 112
• Prentice Women’s Hospital, 121, 124
• urban renewal and, 113–114
• Chicago Architecture Foundation, 107
• Chicago Historical Society, 111
• Chicago Stock Exchange, 106, 107, 108, 120, 126
• Chinese Railroad Worker Memorial Monument, 8, 9
• Christo and Jeanne-Claude, 193
• Cloud computing, 131
• Cobb, Henry Ives, 111
• Collecting
• book, 93–101
• culture conveyed through, 89–90
• defining, 87–88
• of family histories, 89
• of intangible things, 101–103
• meaning and identity through, 88–89
• visionary, 90–92
• Wunderkammer, 92–93
• Colonial Williamsburg, 25
• Commission on Chicago Landmarks (CCL), 115
• Conservation, 4–5, 167, 169
• architectural, 117–125
• of Bamiyan Buddhas, 181
• Controlled Environment for Works of Art in Transit, 29
• Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, 102, 145–146
• Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 56–57
• Conway, Paul, 133, 135
• Coordinating Council of Audiovisual Archives Associations, 80
• Coptic Museum, 177
• Copying
• benefits of, 136
• cloud computing and, 131
• digital technology and, 130–133
• errors in, 131–135
• evolution of technologies that simplify, 130
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• information and knowledge transmitted through, 129–130
• learning by, 129
• Council of the European Union, 172
• Cox, Richard, 140
• Coyle, Karen, 135
• Crowdsourcing, 5
• Cultural genocide, 47
• Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 56–57
• ethnic cleansing as, 58
• Hague Convention on, 51–53, 62–63
• looting and, 82
• mass violence as, 59
• Raphael Lemkin on, 53–57, 60, 64, 77–78
• since World War II, 57–58
• terminology, 55–57
• Cultural heritage, 20.  See also Cultural genocide
• causes of destruction of, 47
• defined, 23
• human rights and, 48
• intangible, 101–103
• preserved via heritage sites, 78–80
• Radenci Declaration on the Protection of Cultural Heritage in Emergencies and Exceptional Situations, 80
• Seoul Declaration on the Protection of Cultural Heritage in Emergency Situations, 80
• strategies for preserving, 23–25
• sustainable preservation and, 173
• “Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley,” 20
• Cultural memory, 23–24
• Cultural property, 51, 62
• Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 110
• CyArk, 82
• Dada, 100
• Dada Painters and Poets, The, 100
• Dahlem Museum, 214
• Daimler Group, 207
• Daley, Richard J., 113, 119, 121
• David, 168–169
• Day, Brian J., 160
• DeHart, Robert, 24
• de Lusenet, Yola, 145
• de Paor, Liam, 30
• de Paor, Maureen, 30
• “De Provincie Bamian,” 21
• Destruction
• of buildings, 108–109
• of cultural heritage, 47
• of objects, 19–22
• versus reconstruction in Berlin, 212–214
• de Waal, Edmund, 89
• Digital art, 142–144
• Digital collecting, 82
• Digital documents, 132–133
• copying errors, 131–135
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• Digital preservation, 184.  See also Copying
• defined, 137–138
• digital art and, 142–144
• ethics and values in, 147–149, 150
• financial sustainability and, 146–147
• gaming and, 141–142
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• new definition of, 151
• social networking and, 138–140
• 3D re-creations and reconstructions as strategy for, 147
• UNESCO and, 144–146
• “Disturbance of Memory on the Acropolis, A,” 8, 10
• DOCOMOMO, 122
• Documentation of heritage sites, 79–80
• photo-, 81
• Donne, John, 47
• Dragset, Ingar, 17, 25
• Duguid, Paul, 133
• Dunant, Henri, 50
• du Pont, Henry Francis, 90
• Dupré, Judith, 17, 18
• Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 33, 34
• EA-Land, 141
• Eccles, Lord, 88
• Economic aesthetics, 109
• Edbrooke, Willoughby J., 112, 114
• Eiermann, Egon, 211
• E Ink Corp, 137
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 13
• Eisenlohr, Klaus W., 196
• Eisenman, Peter, 198, 204
• Ellison, Nicole B., 139
• Elmgreen, Michael, 17, 25
• El-Sisi, Abdel Fattah, 183
• Encyclopaedia Britannica, 190
• Enola Gay exhibit, Smithsonian Institute, 25
• Ephrussi, Charles, 89
• Ephrussi, Ignace, 89
• Errors, copying, 131–132
• digital, 132–135
• Eternity, 12
• “Ethical Perspective on Political-Economic Issues in the Long-Term Preservation of Digital Heritage, An,” 148
• Ethics
• and values in digital preservation, 147–149, 150
• virtue, 166
• Ethnic cleansing, 58
• Evocative Objects: Things We Think With, 89
• Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (EMRIP), United Nations, 60
• Facebook, 139–140, 145
• Faceless 82 (Omareen), 68
• Fallen Monument Park, Moscow, 33, 35, 39
• Falser, Michael, 20
• Family histories, 89
• Faysal Ibn Husayn, Amir, 67–68, 71
• Fearrington, Florence, 93
• Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, 13
• Federal Rules of Evidence, 132
• Fertile Crescent, 66–67
• Fick, Roderich, 190
• Fildis, Ayse Tekdal, 76
• Financial sustainability and digital heritage, 146–147
• First Geneva Conference for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded Armies in the Field, 50, 52
• Fisher, Max, 75
• Fluxus movement, 100–101
• Ford, Henry, 90, 110
• Forest, Benjamin, 38, 39
• Foster, Norman, 193
• Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, 190
• Frank, Peter, 100
• Freud, Sigmund, 8, 10
• Friedman, Ken, 100
• Futurist stance, 166
• Gaming, 141–142
• Gammage, Bill, 171–172
• Gandhi, Mahatma, 164
• Garrick, David, 96
• Garrick Theater, 121
• General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy, 52
• Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare of 1925, 52
• Genocide. See Cultural genocide
• Genocide Studies and Prevention, 57
• Gentle Madness: Bibliophiles, Biliomanes, and the Eternal Passion for Books, A, 94
• Giving Preservation a History, 110
• Glessner House, 115, 121, 121
• Goldberg, Bertrand, 121–122, 123
• Golden Eye, 34
• Goodacre, Glenna, 16
• “Good-bye Party Comrades!,” 42, 43
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• Gorbachev, Mikhail, 31
• Great Sphinx of Giza, 10, 11, 12
• Great Wall of China, 8, 24
• Greene, David, 31
• Haacke, Hans, 196
• Hague Convention, 51–52, 62–63
• definition of cultural property, 51
• International Committee of the Blue Shield (ICBS), 78–80
• International Criminal Court (ICC), 52–53
• Halasa, Malu, 68
• Halbwachs, Maurice, 23–24
• Hall, Marcus, 23, 168–170
• Hamar Cathedral, 182–183
• Hare with Amber Eyes: A Hidden Inheritance, The, 89
• Hart, Frederick, 16
• Hart, Michael S., 133
• Hate crimes, 180–181
• HathiTrust Digital Library, 133
• Havemeyer, Henry Osborne, 90
• Havemeyer, Louisine, 90, 91
• Hazard, Ebenezer, 96
• Heritage for Peace, 63
• Heroic monuments, 12, 16–17
• Herscher, Andrew, 59
• Hezbullah, 74
• “H. H. Richardson’s Glessner House, 1887,” 121
• Higgins, Dick, 100
• Hijazi, Sulafa, 69
• Hill Museum & Manuscript Library (HMML), 81
• Himmelsbach, Sabine, 142–143, 144, 149
• Historic preservation
• as architectural conservation, 117–125
• Athens Charter, 118
• in Chicago, 107–114
• laws, 115–117
• Hitler, Adolph, 77, 190, 193
• Holabird, John, 106
• Holden, John, 147
• Holocaust, the, 189, 190, 197, 198, 200–205
• “How Long Is Now,” 150
• Hu, Liyan, 22
• Human rights, 48–49
• indigenous persons and, 60–61
• Human Rights Commission, 48–49
• Identity through collecting, 88–89
• Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention C107 of 1957, 60
• Indigenous Australians. See Australian Aborigines
• Intangible things, collection of, 101–103
• International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM), 118
• International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, 118
• International Committee of the Blue Shield (ICBS), 78–80
• International Council of Museums (ICOM), 80, 118
• International Council on Archives (ICA), 80
• International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), 80
• International Court of Justice, 52, 53
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 49
• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 49
• International Criminal Court (ICC), 52, 64
• International Criminal Tribunal, 59–60
• International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), 33
• International Labour Organization, 60
• Internet Archive, 133
• Interpretive restoration, 163
• Ippolito, Jon, 144
• Iran-Iraq War, 73
• IRENE (Image, Reconstruct, Erase Noise, Etc.), 6
• Irish Times, 27, 29, 30
• IS (Islamic State). See ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)
• ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), 20, 22, 63, 66, 76, 181, 184
• Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). See ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)
• Izenour, Steven, 12–13
• Jacobson, Joseph, 137
• Jahn, Helmut, 208
• Jampol, Justinian, 39
• Jeanne-Claude and Christo, 193
• Jefferson, Thomas, 96, 98
• Jenney, William Le Baron, 106, 107
• Jewish Museum Berlin, 204–205
• Johnson, Juliet, 38, 39
• Jones, Samuel, 147
• Journal of Genocide, 57
• Journal of the History of Collections, 88
• J. Paul Getty Center, 98, 100–101
• Jyllands-Posten, 177, 178–179
• Kadishman, Menashe, 204–205
• Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtnis-Kirche neighborhood church, 209–211
• Karavan, Daniel, 197
• Katz, Steven, 59
• Keck, Caroline, 4
• Keck, Sheldon, 4
• Kellogg-Briand Pact, 52
• Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, 74, 180
• Kibi, Akira, 212
• Kindle, 137
• King, Roger J. H., 165
• Knisely Building, 117, 119
• Knuth, Rebecca, 48
• Kurds, 71, 75, 76
• Landscape, natural, 12–13
• Langhans, Carl G., 194
• Last Judgment, 168
• Las Vegas, Nevada, 12–15
• League of Arab States, 72
• Learning from Las Vegas, 12–15
• Lebanon, civil war in (1975–1990), 72, 73
• Leclerc, Georges-Louis, Comte de Buffon, 170
• Le Corbusier, 121
• Leigh, Karen, 78
• Lemkin, Raphael, 53–57, 60, 64, 77–78
• Lenin, Vladimir, 34, 36, 39–40, 42
• Library of Congress, 96
• Lieber, Francis, 50
• Lieber Code, 50
• Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, The, 133
• “Limits to Freedom of Expression? The Problem of Blasphemy,” 180
• Lin, Maya, 15–16
• Lipe, William, 4
• Looting, 82
• Lor, Peter Johan, 148
• Lowenthal, David, 165–166
• Lund & Slaatto, 182
• Luxor Temple, 105
• Luzhkov, Yury, 35
• Maciunas, George, 100
• Mahfoud, Nawara, 68
• Mako, Shamiran, 60
• Malanicheva, Galina, 40
• Manaktala, Meghna, 59
• Margottini, Claudio, 20
• “Marina City, Chicago, IL,” 123
• Market Warriors, 88
• Marsh, George Perkins, 170
• Mason, Randall, 110–111
• Massively multiplayer online role-playing games, 141
• Mass violence, 59
• Maxwell Street Market, 125
• McLean, Roy, 215
• McMillan, M. E., 72, 76
• Mecca Hotel, 112–113, 114
• Medvedev, Dmitri, 35
• Memorial to Heinz Sokolowski, 198, 199
• Memorial to Homosexuals Persecuted under Nazism, 198, 200–201
• Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, 189, 198, 202–203, 204
• Memorial to the Murdered Members of the Reichstag, 197, 197
• Memorial to the Sinti and Roma of Europe Murdered under National Socialism, 197
• Memory
• cultural, 23–24
• external sites of, 24–25
• Memory of the World Register, 31, 61
• Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 29
• Michelangelo, 168–169, 171
• Microfilming, 135
• Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 113, 120, 122
• Mihailov, Konstantin, 40
• Miller, Ward, 20
• Miloševic, Slobodon, 59
• Mitchell, Nora T., 165
• Monuments
• definition of, 3, 8
• heroic, 12, 16–17
• nontraditional, 18–19
• types of, 8–19
• as worthy of preservation, 10
• Morris, Sarah Rogers, 120
• Morris, William, 164
• Morrison, Hugh, 120–121
• Motherwell, Robert, 100
• Muir, John, 169–170
• Müller, Justus, 196
• Munby, A. N. L., 94
• Muñoz Viñas, Salvador, 4, 168–169
• Murphy, Derek, 141
• Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 93
• Musikinstrumenten-Museum, 192
• Muslim Brotherhood, 73
• Muslims
• Bamiyan Buddhas and, 20, 21, 147, 177, 182
• Jyllands-Posten and, 177, 178–179
• sharia law and, 180
• Nag Hammadi Gnostic scriptures, 177
• NAMES Project Foundation, 19
• Nara Document, 169
• Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 72
• National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina (NUL), 22
• National Gallery of Dublin, 41
• National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), 115–116
• National Park Service, U.S., 167, 169
• National Trust for Historic Preservation, 122
• Native Americans, 156, 158
• Natural landscape, 12–13, 169
• restoration of, 171–172
• Nazi Germany, 56–57, 77, 190–191. See also Berlin
• Nefertiti, 187, 188, 190, 214–215
• Netizens, 63
• Neues Museum, 214
• Newberry Library, 111, 112
• New York Review of Books, 29, 30
• Nickel, John, 115
• Nickel, Richard, 19–20, 30, 116
• attempts to preserve Sullivan’s buildings, 118–125
• education of, 114–115
• historic preservation laws and, 115–117
• learning about the process of historic preservation through, 109–111
• “Louis Sullivan’s Architectural Ornamentation” thesis, 114–115
• service in the Korean War, 114
• significant contributions to historic preservation, 106–107, 120
• Studs Terkel on, 126
• Nintendo64, 34
• Nontraditional monuments, 18–19
• Nora, Pierre, 24
• “Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Exterior View of Prentice Women’s Hospital and Maternity Center, Chicago, IL,” 124
• Norton Anthology of English Literature, 160
• Novella Maioriani 4, De aedificiis pubblicis, 105
• Nye, Joseph, 62
• Omar, Mullah Mohammed, 181
• Omareen, Zaher, 68
• On Architecture, 156
• On Collecting, 88
• Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) WorldCat, 88
• Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence, 59
• Oral cultures, 101–102
• Orange, 35
• Ottoman Empire, 67, 70
• Page, Max, 109–111
• Palmyra, 65, 78
• Paradox, preservation
• examples, 177–183
• recent events and, 183–184
• “Paradox of Preservation, The,” 177, 183
• Pearlstein, Ellen, 4
• Permanent monuments, 7
• Personal information management (PIM), 140
• Phillipps, Thomas, 94, 95, 96
• Photo-documentation, 81
• Pinchot, Gifford, 169–170
• Plato, 156
• Polish Daily News, 115
• Political cartoons, 177–180
• Potsdamer Platz, 205–212
• Powell, Roger, 29
• “Powerless Structure,” 17, 18
• Prentice Women’s Hospital, 121, 124
• Preservation. See also Cultural genocide
• aspects of, 5–6
• in Berlin (see Berlin)
• in Chicago (see Chicago)
• collecting as (see Collecting)
• conservation, restoration, and, 4–5
• defined, 4, 167
• of destroyed objects, 19–22, 108–109
• different definitions of, 184–185
• as enduring or ephemeral, 177–185
• laws on, 115–117
• as monumental task, 3, 6–7
• as nexus of cultural heritage and human rights, 48
• paradox, 177–183
• social networking and, 6
• strategies for cultural heritage, 23–25
• in Syria (see Syria)
• Preservation, digital. See also Copying
• defined, 137–138
• digital art and, 142–144
• ethics and values in, 147–149, 150
• financial sustainability and, 146–147
• gaming and, 141–142
• Google Books Library Project, 132–134
• new definition of, 151
• social networking and, 138–140
• 3D re-creations and reconstructions as strategy for, 147
• UNESCO and, 144–146
• Preservation, sustainable
• connections between natural and human-made environments and, 172–173
• debates over, 168–169
• environmental sustainability principles and, 165–167
• futurist stance in, 166
• history of, 155–158
• proper relationship between humans and nature and, 170–171
• restoring land, 171–172
• standards for, 164–165
• virtue ethics in, 166
• Preservation Chicago, 122
• Project Gutenberg, 133
• Putin, Vladimir, 40
• Raczynski, Count, 192
• Radenci Declaration on the Protection of Cultural Heritage in Emergencies and Exceptional Situations, 80
• Radislav Krstic case, 59
• “Rationale of Collecting, A,” 87, 88
• Realms of Memory, 24
• Re-Collection: Art, New Media, and Social Memory, 144
• Re-creations, 3D, 147
• Red Cross, 50
• Reichstag, 192–194
• Renewal, urban, 113–114
• Restoration, 4, 105
• boundaries of, 163
• interpretive, 163
• of the natural landscape, 171–172
• sustainable preservation and, 167–168
• Revitalization, 114
• Richard Nickel Archive, 126
• “Richard Nickel’s Photography: Preserving Ornament in Architecture,” 120–121
• Richardson, Henry Hobson, 106, 107, 114, 115, 121
• Riedlmayer, András J., 48, 59
• Riegl, Alois, 8, 12
• Rinehart, Richard, 144
• Robie House, 121
• Roche, Martin, 106
• Roerich, Nicholas, 50–51
• Roerich Pact, 50–51
• Rolland, Romain, 10
• Roosevelt, Eleanor, 48–49
• Root, John Wellborn, 106
• “Ruin or Rebuild? Conserving Heritage in an Age of Terrorism,” 181–182
• Rules of engagement, 49–50
• Rumsey, Abby Smith, 149
• Rushdie, Salman, 180
• Ruskin, John, 131, 143, 155
• argument against restoration, 162
• criticisms of scientists, 160–161
• on destructive “restoration,” 162–163
• influence on William Morris, 164
• on moral dimension, 163–164
• on state of architecture in his own time, 163
• writings about clouds, 158–160
• writings as “prequel” to environmental ethics, 161–162
• Russia, 38–39, 43.  See also Soviet Union, the
• All-Russian Society for the Preservation of Historic and Cultural Monuments of, 38, 40
• “Good-bye Party Comrades!,” 42, 43
• “Leninfall” in, 39–40
• Syria and, 76
• San Remo Conference of 1920, 67, 70
• Satanic Verses, The, 180
• Save Prentice Coalition, 122
• Schadow, Johann Gottfried, 194
• Schloss, the, 213
• Schmidt, Heinz, 212
• Schmidt, Helmut, 197
• Schneider, Peter, 200, 213
• Schüller-Zwierlein, André, 62
• Schwartz, Hillel, 129, 135
• Scott, David A., 169
• Semelin, Jacques, 58–59
• Seoul Declaration on the Protection of Cultural Heritage in Emergency Situations, 80
• Serra, Richard, 198, 204
• Seven Lamps of Architecture, The, 162
• Shalechet (Fallen Leaves), 204–205
• Sharia law, 180
• Silent Spring, 163
• Silk Road, 66, 181
• Simon, James, 214–215
• Siskind, Aaron, 20, 115
• Sistine Chapel, 168, 169, 171
• Six-Day War, 73
• Smithsonian Institution, 25
• Social justice, 148
• Social networking, 5, 6
• digital preservation and, 138–140
• Social network sites (SNSs), 139, 145
• Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB), 164
• Soft power, 62
• Sokolowski, Heinz, 198, 199
• Sony Center, 208, 209
• Sorokin, Vladimir, 39, 40
• Soviet Union, the. See also Russia
• Fallen Monument Park, Moscow, 33, 35, 39
• fallen statues in, 31, 33–39
• Felix Dzerzhinsky Monument in, 33, 34
• Joseph Stalin monuments in, 36, 37
• Vladimir Lenin monuments in, 34, 36, 39, 42
• Yakov Sverdlov Monument in, 33, 34
• Spatial archaeometry studies, 82
• Stalin, Joseph, 36, 37
• St. Clair, Archer, 165
• Steele, Jane, 121
• Sterne, Laurence, 133
• “Stewarding the Future,” 165–166
• Stewardship, 165–166
• Stewart, Rob, 164
• Stipe, Robert E., 110
• Stock Exchange Trading Room, Art Institute of Chicago, 106–107, 109
• Stone, Peter, 79–80
• Storytelling, 101–102
• Stubbs, John H., 23, 105
• Sturges, Paul, 180
• Sullivan, Louis, 20, 106, 107, 111, 114, 115, 117, 137
• Nickel’s attempts to preserve buildings of, 118–125
• Sun Tzu, 49
• Surrealism, 100
• Sustainable preservation
• connections between natural and human-made environments and, 172–173
• debates over, 168–169
• environmental sustainability principles and, 165–167
• futurist stance in, 166
• history of, 155–158
• proper relationship between humans and nature and, 170–171
• restoring land, 171–172
• standards for, 164–165
• virtue ethics in, 166
• Sutkus, Antanas, 42, 43
• Sverdlov, Yakov, 33, 34
• Swartzburg, Susan G., 33, 34
• Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916, 67, 70–71, 76
• Syria, 181
• al-Assad regimes, 73–76
• American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) in, 83
• Arab League and, 72
• civil war in, 65–66, 74–76, 83–84
• diverse and ancient cultures of, 66–67
• 8 March Revolution, 72
• Emergency Safeguarding of the Syrian Heritage Project, UNESCO, 81
• ethnic groups in, 75
• in the Fertile Crescent, 66–67
• French control of, 67, 70, 71–72
• heritage sites, 78–80
• Marguerite Bouvard on, 65
• rich cultural heritage of, 65–66
• Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 and, 67, 70–71, 76
• Violations Documentation Center, 76
• Yazda: A Global Yazidi Organization in, 83
• Syria Speaks: Art and Culture from the Frontline, 68
• Talbot, Henry Fox, 130
• Taliban, the, 20, 181–182
• Tanselle, G. Thomas, 87–88, 101
• Taylor, Ken, 165
• Terkel, Studs, 126
• Terrorism, 180–181
• Thompson, Jana, 166–167
• 3D re-creations and reconstructions, 147
• Trading Room. See Stock Exchange Trading Room, Art Institute of Chicago
• Treasures of Early Irish Art exhibition, Trinity College Library, 27–31, 41
• Treaty of Sèvres, 71
• Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historic Monuments, 50
• Trinity College Library, 27–31, 32
• Turkle, Sherry, 89
• Ukraine, 39
• UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 20, 22, 31, 61–62, 63–64, 66, 181–182
• Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, 102
• digital heritage and, 144–146
• Emergency Safeguarding of the Syrian Cultural Heritage Project, 81
• World Heritage Sites, 20, 61, 66, 165, 169, 191
• United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), 60–61
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), 49, 180
• University of Virginia Library, 96, 97–98
• Untitled (Hijazi), 69
• Untitled 5 (Younes), 69
• Urban renewal, 113–114
• Van der Lubbe, Marinus, 193
• Venice Charter, the, 118, 164, 169
• Venturi, Robert, 12–13
• Vietnam Veterans Memorial, 14, 15–17
• Vinci, John, 20
• Violations Documentation Center, Syria, 76
• Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène-Emmanuel, 162–163, 164
• Virtue ethics, 166
• Vitruvius, 156
• Von Boddien, Wilhelm, 213
• Wabi-sabi approach, 143–144
• Wallot, Paul, 192
• War(s)
• human rights and, 48–49
• rules of engagement for, 49–50
• since World War II, 57–58
• World War I, 53–54
• World War II, 56–57, 77
• “War and Heritage: Using Inventories to Protect Cultural Heritage,” 79
• Warburg, Aby, 23–24
• Washington Pact, 50–51
• Washington Post, 75
• Webb, Electra Havemeyer, 90–91, 98
• Wedel, Carola, 214
• Weever, John, 3, 8, 10
• Welchman, Jennifer, 166
• Wikipedia, 130–131
• Working Group on Indigenous Populations (WGIP), United Nations, 60
• World Heritage Sites, 20, 61, 66, 165, 169, 191
• World War I, 53–54
• World War II, 56–57, 77.  See also Berlin
• Wrapped Reichstag, 193
• Wright, David H., 30–31, 121
• Wright, Frank Lloyd, 106
• Wunderkammer, 92–93
• Xerography, 130
• Yamagata, Hiro, 22
• Yanukovych, Victor, 39
• Yassin-Kassab, Robin, 66–67, 73
• Yazda: A Global Yazidi Organization, 83
• Younes, Khalil, 69
• Yu, Janson, 22
• Yueluan, Yang, ii, 24, 25
• Yugoslavia, 57–58, 59, 79–80
• Zwirner, Christian, 196