7. Kapitel: Crisis of Confidence: Das Jahrzehnt der »Malaise«

[1]

Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 76; Kruse/Zelizer, Fault Lines, S. 24–25; Borstelmann, The 1970s: A New Global History from Civil Rights to Economic Inequality. Princeton 2011, S. 46–47; vgl. auch The American Presidency Project, Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections, online.

[2]

PPPUS: Jimmy Carter 1979, S. 1235–1241; Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 127–128; Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 97–98; David Farber, The Torch Had Fallen, in: David Farber/Beth L. Bailey (Hrsg.), America in the Seventies. Lawrence, KS, 2004, S. 9–12.

[3]

Kruse/Zelizer, Fault Lines, S. 39–43; Bruce J. Schulman, The Seventies: The Great Shift in American Culture, Society, and Politics. New York 2001, S. 131–143; Berkowitz, Something Happened, S. 128–130; zum Zäsurcharakter des Jahres 1979 in internationaler und deutscher Perspektive vgl. Frank Bösch, Zeitenwende 1979. Als die Welt von heute begann. München 2019.

[4]

Berkowitz, Something Happened, S. 1–11; vgl. auch Schulman, The Seventies, S. XIXVII, XII; Borstelmann, The 1970s, S. 1–18; Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 13–15; Beth L. Bailey/David Farber, Introduction, in: Bailey/Farber, America in the Seventies, S. 1–8; Christopher Capozzola, »It Makes You Want to Believe in the Country: Celebrating the Bicentennial in an Age of Limits«, in: ebd., S. 29–49; Ferguson u. a., The Shock of the Global; Daniel T. Rodgers, The Age of Fracture. Cambridge, MA, 2011, S. 4–10; Tom Wolfe, The »Me« Decade and the Third Great Awakening, in: New York Magazine, 23. 8. 1976, online.

[5]

PPPUS: Gerald Ford 1974, 1–3; vgl. Manfred Berg, Gerald R. Ford, 1974–1977: Das Bemühen um Konsens, in: Mauch, Die Präsidenten der USA, S. 411–414; Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 29–32; Andrew D. Crain, The Presidency and the Pardon, in: Scott Kaufman (Hrsg.), A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter. Chichester 2016, S. 80–94.

[6]

Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 34–35; zu Fords Präsidentschaft vgl. Scott Kaufman (Hrsg.), A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter; Robert Greene, The Presidency of Gerald Ford. Lawrence, KS, 1995.

[7]

Greene, The Presidency of Gerald Ford, S. 143–153, 164–168, 170–173; Binoy Kampmark, Détente’s Disintegration, Neoconservatism, and the Ford Presidency, in: Kaufman, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 130–148.

[8]

Greene, The Presidency of Gerald Ford, S. 183–187.

[9]

Ebd., S. 189–193; Farber, The Torch Had Fallen, S. 12–14.

[10]

Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 104–107; Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 70–71.

[11]

Ebd., S. 73–98; Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 108–121; Schulman, The Seventies, S. 121–143; Joe Renouard, Get Carter: Assessing the Record of the Thirty-Ninth President, in: Kaufmann, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 491–512, 498; kritisch zu Carter Burton I. Kaufman/Scott Kaufman, The Presidency of James Earl Carter, Jr. Lawrence, KS, 2006.

[12]

Zu Carters Außenpolitik vgl. Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 99–116; Kaufman/Kaufman, The Presidency of James Earl Carter, Jr., S. 37–50; William Steding, The Center of the Carter Conundrum: Human Rights and Foreign Policy, in: Kaufman, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 451–469.

[13]

Bösch, Zeitenwende 1979, S. 18–60.

[14]

Blake W. Jones, 1979: Year of Crisis, in: Kaufman, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 410–429, bes. 411–413; Kaufman/Kaufman, The Presidency of James Earl Carter, S. 123–128.

[15]

Ebd., S. 173–176; Andrew E. Busch, The Election of 1980, in: Kaufman, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 470–490, 481.

[16]

PPPUS: Jimmy Carter 19801981 I, S. 194–200; zur Afghanistan-Intervention und ihren Folgen vgl. Bösch, Zeitenwende 1979, S. 229–268; Jones, 1979: Year of Crisis, S. 423–426; vgl. Tanja Penter/Esther Meier (Hrsg.), Sovietnam. Die UDSSR in Afghanistan 19791980. Paderborn 2017.

[17]

PPPUS: Jimmy Carter 19801981 I, S. 199–200.

[18]

Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 116–126, bes. 124; Busch, The Election of 1980, S. 477.

[19]

Vgl. Jason Friedman, Just a Caretaker, in: Kaufman, A Companion to Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, S. 196–210; Joe Renouard, Get Carter: Assessing the Record of the Thirty-Ninth President, in: ebd., S. 491–512; Schulman, The Seventies, S. 121–143.

[20]

State of the Union Address, 19. 1. 1978, in: PPPUS: Jimmy Carter 1978 I, S. 90–98, 91; Schulman, The Seventies, S. 142–143; Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 90.

[21]

Reagans Inaugurationsrede vom 20. 1. 1981, in: PPPUS: Ronald Reagan 1981, S. 1–4; Wilentz, The Age of Reagan, S. 1; Borstelmann, The 1970s, S. 48–49.

[22]

Ebd., S. 73–120; Schulman, The Seventies, S. 73–77, 159–189; Michael Stewart Foley, Front Porch Politics: The Forgotten Heyday of American Activism in the 1970s and 1980s. New York 2014.

[23]

Borstelmann, The 1970s, S. 47; Zum neueren Forschungsstand zum Konservatismus vgl. Kim Phillips-Fein, Conservatism, S. 723–770, bes. 733–35; Bruce J. Schulman/Julian E. Zelizer (Hrsg.), Rightward Bound: Making America Conservative in the 1970s. Cambridge, MA, 2008, bes. Introduction, S. 1–10.

[24]

Kruse/Zelizer, Fault Lines, S. 96–97; Story/Laurie, The Rise of Conservatism in America, S. 12–22; zum Neokonservatismus vgl. Jacob Heilbrun, They Knew They Were Right: The Rise of the Neocons. New York 2008; John Ehrman, The Rise of Neoconservatism: Intellectuals and Foreign Affairs. New Haven, CT, 1995.

[25]

Vgl. Clyde Wilcox/Cathrin Larson, Onward Christian Soldiers? The Religious Right in American Politics. Boulder 2006; William C. Martin, With God on Our Side: The Rise of the Religious Right in America. New York 2005; Daniel K. Williams, God’s Own Party: The Making of the Christian Right. New York 2010; Matthew Sutton (Hrsg.), Jerry Falwell and the Rise of the Religious Right: A Brief History with Documents. Boston 2013.

[26]

Zur Einführung vgl. Manfred Brocker, God Bless America. Politik und Religion in den USA. Darmstadt 2005; Engel v. Vitale and the End of Official School Prayer, in: Sutton, Jerry Falwell and the Rise of the Religious Right, S. 69–71.

[27]

Zur Opposition gegen den Sexualkundeunterricht vgl. Tim LaHaye, A Christian View of Radical Sex Education, in: Sutton, Jerry Falwell and the Rise of the Religious Right, S. 72–78; Martin, With God on Our Side, S. 168–173; Joseph Crespino, Civil Rights and the Religious Right, in: Schulman/Zelizer, Rightward Bound, S. 90–105.

[28]

Falwell, Organizing the Moral Majority, in: Sutton, Jerry Falwell and the Rise of the Religious Right, S. 123–129; ebd., Introduction, S. 1, 20–25.

[29]

Ebd., S. 21; Paul Weyrich, Building the Moral Majority, in: Story/Laurie, The Rise of Conservatism in America, S. 117; Kruse/Zelizer, Fault Lines, S. 89–90.; vgl. Kap. 11!

[30]

Wilcox/Larson, Onward Christian Soldiers, S. 41–43.

[31]

Schulman, The Seventies, S. 205–217; Berkowitz, Something Happened, S. 99–101.

[32]

Schulman, The Seventies, S. 210–212; Alan Crawford, The Taxfighters are Coming, in: Story/Laurie, The Rise of Conservatism in America, S. 100–103.

[33]

Ronald Reagan, Speech at Neshoba County Fair, 3. 8. 1980, in: Meg Jacobs/Julian E. Zelizer (Hrsg.), Conservatives in Power: The Reagan Years, 19811989. Boston 2011, S. 86–88; Schulman, The Seventies, S. 212–217; Kruse/Zelizer, Fault Lines, S. 103–109; eine frühe, einflussreiche Analyse zum Zusammenhang von Steuern, Statusfurcht und dem Siegeszug des Konservatismus stammt von Thomas B. Edsall/Mary D. Edsall, Chain Reaction: The Impact of Race, Rights, and Taxes on American Politics. New York 1991.

[34]

Patterson, Restless Giant, S. 131.