Contents

List of abbreviations

Foreword

1 Introduction

1.1 Background

1.1.1 Governing environmental problems: an intertwined system of public and private regulation

1.1.2 Common-pool resources problems

1.2 Research questions and problem definition

1.3 Methodology

1.4 Structure

2 Common-pool resources, property rights and public and private regulation

2.1 Different property rights and institutional arrangements

2.1.1 Private property rights and the market

2.1.2 Public property rights and the state

2.1.3 Communal property rights and self-governing institutions

2.2 Refinements

2.3 The interaction between public and private regulation and their influence on the functioning of property rights

2.3.1 The interaction between public and private regulation

2.3.2 The influence of public private interaction on the functioning of various property rights

2.4 Case selection

3 Forestry

3.1 Introduction: forest problems and forest transition

3.2 Forest governance: international law, domestic law and private/hybrid regimes

3.2.1 International law

3.2.2 Domestic law

3.2.3 Private/hybrid regimes

3.3 The selection of countries

3.4 Case study: Indonesia

3.4.1 Environmental problem: deforestation

3.4.2 Good governance

3.4.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

3.4.4 The interaction between public and private regulation

3.4.5 How does the interacted system address deforestation?

3.4.6 Conclusion

3.5 Case study: Bolivia

3.5.1 Environmental problem: deforestation

3.5.2 Good governance

3.5.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

3.5.4 The interaction between public and private regulation

3.5.5 How does the interacted system address deforestation?

3.5.6 Conclusion

3.6 Case study: North America

3.6.1 Th environmental problem: the health of riparian forests

3.6.2 Good governance

3.6.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

3.6.4 The interaction between public and private regulation

3.6.5 How does the interacted system influence riparian zone protection?

3.6.6 Conclusion

3.7 Case study: Sweden

3.7.1 Environmental problem: the loss of forest biodiversity

3.7.2 Good governance

3.7.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

3.7.4 The interaction between public and private regulation

3.7.5 How does the interacted system influence biodiversity protection?

3.7.6 Conclusion

3.8 Comparison and conclusion

3.8.1 Indonesia and Bolivia

3.8.2 North America and Sweden

3.8.3 Putting the pieces together

4 Fishery governance

4.1 Introduction: the status of fish resources

4.2 Fishery governance: international law, domestic law and private regimes

4.2.1 International law

4.2.2 Domestic law

4.2.3 Private regimes

4.3 The selection of countries

4.3.1 Characteristics of fishery governance

4.3.2 The choice of countries

4.4 Case study: South Africa

4.4.1 Fishery problems

4.4.2 Good governance

4.4.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

4.4.4 The protection of fishery resources in general

4.4.5 Interaction between public and private regulation

4.4.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?

4.4.7 Conclusion

4.5 Case study: Mexico

4.5.1 Fishery problems

4.5.2 Good governance

4.5.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

4.5.4 The protection of small-scale fishery resources

4.5.5 Interaction between public and private regulation

4.5.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?

4.5.7 Conclusion

4.6 Case study: New Zealand

4.6.1 Fishery problems

4.6.2 Good governance

4.6.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

4.6.4 The protection of fisheries resources in general

4.6.5 Interaction between public and private regulation

4.6.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?

4.6.7 Conclusion

4.7 Case study: Japan

4.7.1 Fishery problems

4.7.2 Good governance

4.7.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation

4.7.4 How does the interacted system address overfishing?

4.7.5 Conclusion

4.8 Comparison and conclusion

4.8.1 The definition of property rights

4.8.2 Enforcement

4.8.3 Coordination

4.8.4 Information

4.8.5 Scale

4.8.6 Externalities

5 Comparative analysis

5.1 Summary of the case studies

5.1.1 Indonesia

5.1.2 Bolivia

5.1.3 North America (the US and Canada)

5.1.4 Sweden

5.1.5 South Africa

5.1.6 Mexico

5.1.7 New Zealand

5.1.8 Japan

5.2 Types of resources and corresponding property rights

5.2.1 Types of resources

5.2.2 Property rights

5.3 Public and private regulation

5.3.1 Public regulation

5.3.2 Private regulation

5.4 The interaction of public and private regulation

5.4.1 Standards

5.4.2 The role of the government

5.4.3 Complementarities between public and private regulation

5.4.4 Differences between public and private regulation

5.5 Preconditions for a proper functioning of property rights

5.5.1 Definition of property rights

5.5.2 Enforcement

5.5.3 Coordination

5.5.4 Information

5.5.5 Scale

5.5.6 Externalities

5.6 General trends

6 Concluding remarks

6.1 Starting points

6.2 Goal

6.3 Theoretical framework

6.4 Concluding observations

6.4.1 Relevance of the nature of the resource

6.4.2 The choice of property rights

6.4.3 Definition of property rights

6.4.4 Enforcement

6.4.5 Coordination

6.4.6 Information

6.4.7 Scale

6.4.8 The need for government regulation

6.4.9 The role of private certification

6.4.10 Discrete design of decentralization and deregulation

6.4.11 Towards a smart interaction between public and private regulation

6.4.12 Tragedy of the commons and externalities

6.5 Context specificity

6.6 Limits

6.7 Further research

References

Index

1. Cover
2. Title
3. Copyright
4. Contents
5. List of abbreviations
6. Foreword
7. 1 Introduction
   1. 1.1 Background
      1. 1.1.1 Governing environmental problems: an intertwined system of public and private regulation
      2. 1.1.2 Common-pool resources problems
   2. 1.2 Research questions and problem definition
   3. 1.3 Methodology
   4. 1.4 Structure
8. 2 Common-pool resources, property rights and public and private regulation
   1. 2.1 Different property rights and institutional arrangements
      1. 2.1.1 Private property rights and the market
      2. 2.1.2 Public property rights and the state
      3. 2.1.3 Communal property rights and self-governing institutions
   2. 2.2 Refinements
   3. 2.3 The interaction between public and private regulation and their influence on the functioning of property rights
      1. 2.3.1 The interaction between public and private regulation
      2. 2.3.2 The influence of public private interaction on the functioning of various property rights
   4. 2.4 Case selection
9. 3 Forestry
   1. 3.1 Introduction: forest problems and forest transition
   2. 3.2 Forest governance: international law, domestic law and private/hybrid regimes
      1. 3.2.1 International law
      2. 3.2.2 Domestic law
      3. 3.2.3 Private/hybrid regimes
   3. 3.3 The selection of countries
   4. 3.4 Case study: Indonesia
      1. 3.4.1 Environmental problem: deforestation
      2. 3.4.2 Good governance
      3. 3.4.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
      4. 3.4.4 The interaction between public and private regulation
      5. 3.4.5 How does the interacted system address deforestation?
      6. 3.4.6 Conclusion
   5. 3.5 Case study: Bolivia
      1. 3.5.1 Environmental problem: deforestation
      2. 3.5.2 Good governance
      3. 3.5.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
      4. 3.5.4 The interaction between public and private regulation
      5. 3.5.5 How does the interacted system address deforestation?
      6. 3.5.6 Conclusion
   6. 3.6 Case study: North America
      1. 3.6.1 Th environmental problem: the health of riparian forests
      2. 3.6.2 Good governance
      3. 3.6.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
      4. 3.6.4 The interaction between public and private regulation
      5. 3.6.5 How does the interacted system influence riparian zone protection?
      6. 3.6.6 Conclusion
   7. 3.7 Case study: Sweden
      1. 3.7.1 Environmental problem: the loss of forest biodiversity
      2. 3.7.2 Good governance
      3. 3.7.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
      4. 3.7.4 The interaction between public and private regulation
      5. 3.7.5 How does the interacted system influence biodiversity protection?
      6. 3.7.6 Conclusion
   8. 3.8 Comparison and conclusion
      1. 3.8.1 Indonesia and Bolivia
      2. 3.8.2 North America and Sweden
      3. 3.8.3 Putting the pieces together
10. 4 Fishery governance
    1. 4.1 Introduction: the status of fish resources
    2. 4.2 Fishery governance: international law, domestic law and private regimes
       1. 4.2.1 International law
       2. 4.2.2 Domestic law
       3. 4.2.3 Private regimes
    3. 4.3 The selection of countries
       1. 4.3.1 Characteristics of fishery governance
       2. 4.3.2 The choice of countries
    4. 4.4 Case study: South Africa
       1. 4.4.1 Fishery problems
       2. 4.4.2 Good governance
       3. 4.4.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
       4. 4.4.4 The protection of fishery resources in general
       5. 4.4.5 Interaction between public and private regulation
       6. 4.4.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?
       7. 4.4.7 Conclusion
    5. 4.5 Case study: Mexico
       1. 4.5.1 Fishery problems
       2. 4.5.2 Good governance
       3. 4.5.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
       4. 4.5.4 The protection of small-scale fishery resources
       5. 4.5.5 Interaction between public and private regulation
       6. 4.5.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?
       7. 4.5.7 Conclusion
    6. 4.6 Case study: New Zealand
       1. 4.6.1 Fishery problems
       2. 4.6.2 Good governance
       3. 4.6.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
       4. 4.6.4 The protection of fisheries resources in general
       5. 4.6.5 Interaction between public and private regulation
       6. 4.6.6 How does the interacted system address overfishing?
       7. 4.6.7 Conclusion
    7. 4.7 Case study: Japan
       1. 4.7.1 Fishery problems
       2. 4.7.2 Good governance
       3. 4.7.3 Property rights as well as public and private regulation
       4. 4.7.4 How does the interacted system address overfishing?
       5. 4.7.5 Conclusion
    8. 4.8 Comparison and conclusion
       1. 4.8.1 The definition of property rights
       2. 4.8.2 Enforcement
       3. 4.8.3 Coordination
       4. 4.8.4 Information
       5. 4.8.5 Scale
       6. 4.8.6 Externalities
11. 5 Comparative analysis
    1. 5.1 Summary of the case studies
       1. 5.1.1 Indonesia
       2. 5.1.2 Bolivia
       3. 5.1.3 North America (the US and Canada)
       4. 5.1.4 Sweden
       5. 5.1.5 South Africa
       6. 5.1.6 Mexico
       7. 5.1.7 New Zealand
       8. 5.1.8 Japan
    2. 5.2 Types of resources and corresponding property rights
       1. 5.2.1 Types of resources
       2. 5.2.2 Property rights
    3. 5.3 Public and private regulation
       1. 5.3.1 Public regulation
       2. 5.3.2 Private regulation
    4. 5.4 The interaction of public and private regulation
       1. 5.4.1 Standards
       2. 5.4.2 The role of the government
       3. 5.4.3 Complementarities between public and private regulation
       4. 5.4.4 Differences between public and private regulation
    5. 5.5 Preconditions for a proper functioning of property rights
       1. 5.5.1 Definition of property rights
       2. 5.5.2 Enforcement
       3. 5.5.3 Coordination
       4. 5.5.4 Information
       5. 5.5.5 Scale
       6. 5.5.6 Externalities
    6. 5.6 General trends
12. 6 Concluding remarks
    1. 6.1 Starting points
    2. 6.2 Goal
    3. 6.3 Theoretical framework
    4. 6.4 Concluding observations
       1. 6.4.1 Relevance of the nature of the resource
       2. 6.4.2 The choice of property rights
       3. 6.4.3 Definition of property rights
       4. 6.4.4 Enforcement
       5. 6.4.5 Coordination
       6. 6.4.6 Information
       7. 6.4.7 Scale
       8. 6.4.8 The need for government regulation
       9. 6.4.9 The role of private certification
       10. 6.4.10 Discrete design of decentralization and deregulation
       11. 6.4.11 Towards a smart interaction between public and private regulation
       12. 6.4.12 Tragedy of the commons and externalities
    5. 6.5 Context specificity
    6. 6.6 Limits
    7. 6.7 Further research
13. References
14. Index

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Guide

1. Cover
2. Title
3. Copyright
4. Contents
5. List of abbreviations
6. Foreword
7. Start of Content
8. References
9. Index