A
addiction, 17, 60, 61, 89. See also alcohol; drugs
Adding Machine, The, 19
Adler, Ed, 106
Adler, Polly, 8
African American, 2, 43, 48, 86, 88–89, 95, 98, 99
alcohol, 12, 14, 17, 18, 28, 37, 45, 49–52, 76, 78, 94
Ali’s Smile: Naked Scientology, 64
Allen, Donald, 104
American Indian. See Native American
Americans, The, 106
Ancient Rain, The: Poems 1956–1978, 90
And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks, 54, 57
Anderson, Laurie, 105
B
baby boom, 9
Back Country, The, 85
Baker, Zantatsu Richard, 13
Balch, Antony, 64
Baraka, Amiri (LeRoi Jones), 2, 86–87, 88
Beach, Sylvia, 4
Beatitude, 89
“Beginning of Bop, The,” 26
“Belief & Technique for Modern Prose,” 35
Bellevue Hospital, 72
Benedek, Laslo, 98
Berman, Wallace, 106
Big Table, 60
Black Mountain (group), 104
Blake, William, 22, 67, 69, 70
Bloodsong, The, 54
Blues People: Negro Music in White America, 86
bohemian, 20, 30, 34, 62, 66, 86, 88, 94
Book of Dreams, 81
Book of Hours, The, 88
Boston Globe, 51
Brando, Marlon, 98
Brave New World, 24
Broughton, James, 31
Bucket of Blood, A, 92
Buckley Jr., William F., 23
Buddha, Buddhism, 10–13, 16, 17, 25, 27–28, 38, 49, 70, 71, 78, 83, 84–85, 87–88, 89–90, 97;
Theravada Buddhism, 12;
Zen Buddhism, 13, 33, 49, 70, 75, 84–85, 98, 108
Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai Foundation, 85
Burroughs, Laura Lee, 54
Burroughs, Williams S., 1, 3, 9, 14–15, 16–17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 29, 31, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 45, 52, 53–64, 66, 69, 70, 72, 74, 76, 83, 89, 93–94, 96, 97, 103, 105, 106, 107
Burroughs, William Seward (grandfather), 54
Bush, George W., 86
Byrum, John, 98
C
Caen, Herb, 22
Cage, John, 104
Caldwell, Erskine, 61
Calloway, Cab, 95
Capote, Truman, 45
Carr, Lucien, 22, 40, 52–54, 56, 58, 59, 66
Cassady, Neal, 2, 3, 14, 18, 21, 32, 36, 37–38, 39–40, 41, 47, 48, 66, 70, 75, 76–79, 80, 88
Cavalier, 26
Chicago Review, 60
cinema. See film
Cities of the Red Night, 19, 61, 64
“cityCityCITY,” 24
City Lights Books, 17, 31, 33, 60, 72, 75, 82, 106
Clash, the, 104
class, 1, 5, 6, 48, 52, 72, 73, 93, 98, 100, 107
Cocteau, Jean, 106
Cohen, Hettie, 86
Cohn, Al, 104
Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, 68
Columbia University, 22, 36, 37, 52–53, 65–66, 75, 76, 80, 94
Communist Party, 65
Coney Island of the Mind, A, 76
conformity, 1, 5–6, 7–8, 18, 24, 25, 45, 83
conservative, 1, 5, 18, 23, 73, 78, 102, 108
Conner, Bruce, 106
Corso, Gregory, 2, 3, 62, 72–74, 87, 100, 104, 106
Crane, Hart, 69
crazy wisdom, 12
Cronenberg, David, 98
cut-up, 25, 45, 62–64, 96, 106
cyberpunks, 108
D
Dalai Lama, 11
Dean, James, 98
Death of Mrs. D, The, 63
Decline of the West, The, 42
de Kooning, Willem, 105
Denver, 37–38, 41, 43, 65, 76, 77
Denver, Bob, 93
Desolation Angels, 10, 21, 28, 44–45, 49
Dharma Bums, The, 10, 15–16, 24, 32, 33, 48–49, 83, 85, 86
Dinners and Nightmares, 88
di Prima, Diane, 2, 3, 86, 87–88
Discovery, 82
Doctor Sax: Faust Part Three, 36, 48, 49, 96
Donlin, Bob, 75
Doors of Perception, The, 22
“Dream Record: June 8, 1955,” 83
drugs, 1, 2, 9, 14, 16–18, 22, 25, 28, 29–30, 41, 54, 55, 58, 60, 68–69, 78, 79, 88, 89, 100, 101–2. See also addiction
Dutchman, 86
E
ecology/ecocriticism,/ecopoetics, 83, 85
Ed Sullivan Show, The, 13
Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, The, 78, 88
“Elegy for Neal Cassady,” 77
Elvins, Kells, 57
Epstein, Rob, 69
“Essentials of Spontaneous Prose,” 15, 46
Evergreen Review, 31
Examiner (Los Angeles), 72
Exterminator! 56
F
Fall of America, The, 77
Father Knows Best, 8
Faulkner, William, 38
“Femanifesto,” 91
Ferlinghetti, Lawrence, 2, 18, 31, 33, 60, 69, 74–76, 78–79, 87, 104, 106
film, 3, 4, 8, 9, 13, 50–51, 62, 64, 97–98, 105, 107
Finnegans Wake, 23
Firing Line, 23
First Third, The, 78
first thought best thought, 26, 46
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 4
Fluxus, 105
Ford, Ford Madox, 4
Frankenthaler, Helen, 105
Friedman, Jeffrey, 69
Funk art, 106
G
Gaddis, William, 103
Gasoline, 72
Geismar, Maxwell, 7
Generation X, 108
Get Home Free, 81
Gibson, Morgan, 83
Ginsberg, Allen, 1, 2, 3, 10, 11–12, 14–15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24–26, 27–28, 29, 30–33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 45, 46, 49, 50–51, 52, 54, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 65–71, 72, 73, 75, 76–77, 78, 79, 80, 81–82, 83, 86, 87, 89, 90, 93–94, 96, 97, 100, 101–2, 103–4, 106, 107
Ginsberg, Louis, 66
Glass, Philip, 104
God’s Little Acre, 61
Grateful Dead, 104
Gravity’s Rainbow, 102
“Green Automobile, The,” 77
Greenwich Village, 2, 29–30, 55, 72, 74, 75, 81, 86, 87, 89, 94
H
Hairspray, 92
Hall, Donald, 103
happenings, 105
Happy Birthday of Death, The, 73
Harvard University, 16, 55, 56, 57, 65, 72
Haverty, Joan, 38
Heart Beat, 98
Hefner, Hugh, 14
Hickman, Dwayne, 93
Hitler, Adolf, 18
Holmes, John Clellon, 3, 9–10, 36, 38, 43, 44, 80–82, 97
homosexuality, 8, 14–15, 55, 61, 66, 69
Horace Mann School, 36
Horn, Judge Clayton W., 69
House Is Not a Home, A, 8
“Howl” (Ginsberg), 1, 11, 24, 29, 33, 53, 61, 68–71, 77, 96
Howl and Other Poems, 33, 65, 68, 69, 75, 82
Huncke, Herbert, 3, 16, 21, 36, 37, 67, 80
Hydrogen Jukebox, 104
I
“I Am Waiting,” 76
I Love Lucy, 13
“I Want to Hold Your Hand,” 101
I Wish I Were You, 54
improvisation, 12, 45–47, 48, 95–96, 97, 104
“Interzone,” 60
J
Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics, 12, 90
Jackson, Natalie, 32
jazz, 21, 22, 31, 39, 46, 47, 50, 57, 76, 81, 82, 83, 94–97, 98, 99, 101, 102, 104, 105;
bebop/bop, 2, 25, 89, 95, 105;
Jefferson Airplane, 104
Johns, Jasper, 105
Jones, LeRoi. See Baraka, Amiri
JR, 103
Judd, Donald, 105
K
“Kaddish for Naomi Ginsberg (1894–1956),” 10, 65, 67, 69, 70–71
Kammerer, David, 52–54, 56, 58
Kelly, Ellsworth, 105
Kennedy, President John F., 89
Kerouac, Gabrielle “Mémêre,” 44, 50–51
Kerouac, Gerard, 36
Kerouac, Jack, 1, 2, 3, 6–7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15–16, 17–19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26–28, 30–33, 35, 36–52, 53–54, 56–57, 66, 72, 76–78, 79, 80, 81–84, 86, 87, 93–94, 96–98, 99, 101–2, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107
kickwriting, 39
Konitz, Lee, 39
Korean War, 21
Kulchur, 2
L
La Bohème, 20
Lamantia, Philip, 29, 32, 103–4
LaVigne, Robert., 75
Leave It to Beaver, 8
Leaves of Grass, 33
Left Out in the Rain: New Poems 1947–1985, 84
“Legend of Duluoz,” 49
Lennon, John, 104
Lenoir, Henri, 31
Life, 100
Leslie, Alfred, 97
Lichtenstein, Roy, 105
Loba: Books I & II, 88
Lolita, 14
Long Island, NY, 44, 50, 67, 80
Love Generation, 101
M
Mademoiselle, 73
Maggie Cassidy, 48
Mailer, Norman, 102
Man in the Grey Flannel Suit, The, 5
Man with the Golden Arm, The, 13
Manhattan, 29, 36, 89, 94, 103;
Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, The, 92, 93
“Marriage,” 73
materialism, 2, 10, 28, 77, 103
McCartney, Paul, 104
McClure, Michael, 29, 31–33, 89, 103–4
Meet the Beatles, 101
Memoirs of a Beatnik, 88
memory, 46, 47, 55, 57, 71, 96
Mexico, 2, 9, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 49, 52, 65, 77, 79
Mexico City Blues, 27, 32, 83–84, 96
Mezzrow, Mezz, 21
Miyazawa, Kenji, 85
Millennials, 108
Millstein, Gilbert, 45
Mindfield, 73
Moon Is Blue, The, 13
Morgan, Ted, 53
“Morphine,” 17
movie. See film
Murger, Henri, 20
music, 2, 3, 11, 21, 39, 43, 47, 81, 86, 95, 104–5. See also jazz
myth/mythology, 9, 28–29, 33, 70, 85
N
Nabokov, Vladimir, 14
Naked Lunch (Burroughs), 1, 17, 38, 58, 60–61
Naked Lunch (film), 98
Native American, 28, 33, 84–85
Negro. See African American
Nelson, Robert, 106
Nemerov, Howard, 103
New American Poetry (movement), 35, 104
New American Poets: 1945–1960, The, 104
New College of California, 87
New Poets of England and America, 103
New School for Social Research, 89
New York City, 36, 41, 44, 49, 55, 56, 64, 70–71, 72, 74–75, 76, 78, 80, 81, 86, 88, 94. See also Manhattan
New York Poets Theatre, 87
New York School (group), 104
Newsweek, 73
Nicosia, Gerald, 47
North American Man Boy Love Association (NAMBLA), 15
North Beach, San Francisco, 30, 88
North Carolina, University of, 74–75
Northport, New York, 44
Nothing More to Declare, 80
Nova (trilogy), 62
O
Off the Road, 79
On the Road (Kerouac), 1, 15, 18, 21, 26, 38–44, 45–46, 47–48, 49–50, 76, 77, 78, 81, 102, 107
On the Road (film), 98
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, 78, 88
O’Neil, Paul, 100
“Only Rebellion Around, The,” 100
“Oral Messages,” 76
Organization Man, The, 5
Orlovsky, Peter, 3, 11, 60, 62, 69, 75, 87, 100–104
Olson, Charles, 103
Oxford English Dictionary, 20
P
Pack, Robert, 103
Paris, 4, 9, 60, 62, 65, 70, 75, 107
Parker, Charlie, 81
photography, 73, 87, 97, 100, 106
Pic, 50
Pictures of the Gone World, 75, 76
Pilgrim State Hospital, 67
Place of Dead Roads, The, 55, 61
“Plutonian Ode,” 96
Poetry Project at St. Mark’s Church-in-the-Bowery, 89
Poets Institute, 87
politics, 2, 8, 11, 18–19, 23–24, 30, 37, 66, 73, 83, 86–87, 90, 101–2, 107
Pollock, Jackson, 105
Pomes All Sizes, 106
pop art, 105
popular (pop) culture, 4–5, 16, 92, 92, 93, 99
Portable Beat Reader, 104
Preface to a Twenty Volume Suicide Note, 86
Preminger, Otto, 13
Presley, Elvis, 13
Protestant, 98
Proust, Marcel, 56
Puccini, Giacomo, 20
Pull My Daisy, 97
R
Rauschenberg, Robert, 105, 106
Ray, Nicholas, 98
Reagan, President Ronald, 102
Rebel Without a Cause, 98
Recognitions, The, 103
Recollections of My Life as a Woman, 88
Reich, Wilhelm, 15
religion, 1, 10–12, 28–29, 44, 49, 51–52, 71, 77, 96, 101–2. See also Christianity; Protestant; Roman Catholic; spirituality
Remembrance of Things Past, 56
“Representative Men,” 80
Revolutionary Letters, 88
Rexroth, Kenneth, 12, 29, 30–32, 68, 75, 82–84, 105
Rich, Adrienne, 103
Riesman, David, 7
Riprap, 85
rock’n’ roll, 102
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 5
S
Salles, Walter, 98
“Salt Peanuts,” 95
Sampas, Stella, 45
San Francisco, 2, 11, 29–33, 38, 41, 48, 60, 68, 69, 72, 74–76, 82, 84, 87, 88, 89, 105–106
San Francisco Chronicle, 22
San Francisco Institute of Magic and Healing Arts, 87–88
San Francisco Renaissance, 13, 29–31, 82, 84
San Francisco Zen Center, 13
San Miguel de Allende, Mexico, 79
Scientology, 64
sex, 1, 2, 8–9, 12, 13–16, 18, 28, 55, 60, 66, 68–69, 71, 77, 98, 102
Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, Female (Kinsey), 14
Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, 105
shaman, 90
silent pictures. See film
Simpson, Louis, 103
Sims, Zoot, 104
6 Gallery, 29–34, 68, 82–83, 84, 85
Smart, Christopher, 66
Snyder, Gary, 2, 10, 13, 15–16, 24, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33–34, 49, 79, 83, 84–86, 103, 105, 107
“Somebody Blew Up America,” 86
Sommerville, Ian, 64
Songs of Experience, 67
Sorbonne, 75
Spengler, Oswald, 42
Spicer, Jack, 31
spirituality, 1, 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 17, 27, 37, 50, 65, 67, 68, 70, 77, 79, 85, 87, 91, 108
spontaneity, 1, 9, 12, 39, 45–47, 58, 62, 95, 102, 105;
spontaneous bop prosody, 23, 39, 96;
spontaneous writing, 35, 45–47, 70
“Star-Spangled Banner, The,” 57
State University of New York, 72–73
Stern, Bert, 100
Still, Clyfford, 105
St. Petersburg, FL, 45
Subterraneans, The (Kerouac), 47, 48, 81, 98, 99, 103
Subterraneans, The (film), 98, 99
Sun Also Rises, The, 3
Surrealism, 32, 62, 83, 89, 105
Symphony No. 6: “Plutonian Ode,” 104
T
Tangier, 45, 49, 65. See also Morocco
television, 6, 8, 13, 21, 23, 24, 42, 50, 92, 93, 104
Thackeray, William Makepeace, 20
“This Is the Beat Generation,” 80
This Kind of Bird Flies Backward, 87
Thoreau, Henry David, 28
Ticket That Exploded, The, 62, 96
Towers Open Fire, 64
Town and the City, The, 6–7, 21, 36, 37, 38, 47, 49, 54
Transatlantic Review, 4
Tropic of Cancer, 61
Trungpa, Chögyam Rinpoche, 11–12, 89–90
“Twilight’s Last Gleamings,” 57
U
Ulysses, 23
V
V., 102
Vajradhatu, 12
Vanity Fair, 20
Vanity of Duluoz: An Adventurous Education, 1946–46, 49–50, 52, 54
Vestal Lady on Brattle and Other Poems, The, 72
Vietnam War, 3
Virgin Mary, 36
Visions of Cody, 26–27, 48, 78, 81, 96
W
Waller, Fats, 57
Warhol, Andy, 105
Washington University (St. Louis), 52
Waters, John, 92
Welch, Lew, 89
Whalen, Philip, 13, 27–28, 29, 31, 32–33, 103, 107
What Happened to Kerouac? 50–51, 107
“White Negro, The,” 102
Whyte, William H., 7
wild form, 43
Wild One, The, 98
Wilde, Oscar, 52
Williams, William Carlos, 68, 69
Wilson, Robert, 64
World War II, 3, 5, 36–37, 42, 56, 75, 80, 95
Y
yabyum, 15
Yagé Letters, The, 17
Yogi, Maharishi Mahesh, 10
Young, Lester, 81
Yugen, 86
Z
Zola, Émile, 51