INDEX

Aarseth, Espen 324, 333

Abbott, Andrew 46

Abbott, Edwin 162, 183

Abe Kôbô 129, 506

Abelard, Peter 136, 137

accounting:

medieval and early renaissance 429

Ackroyd, Peter:

First Light 198

actualism 140, 143

Adair, Gilbert 164

Adams, Douglas: “42” 96, 98;

Babelfish 93;

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy 93–95, 98

Adams, Henry 59, 141–43, 153, 216, 226, 227

adaptation:

in biology and literary studies 31–33, 35

Addison, Joseph 172

Admoni, Vladimir 491

Adorno, Theodor W. 152

aesthetics 200–1;

and perception 272–73;

reception 521–22

affordance (technological) 302, 329, 331;

contrasted with constraint 84

Agamben, Giorgio 260–61

Agassiz, Louis 142

agrarian:

studies 246, 250;

way of life 242–44, 249;

see farmers

Agrarians 243, 250

agribusiness 246

agricultural studies 243–52

agriculture:

industrial 248–50;

science of 248

Agrippa, Cornelius 427

AI see artificial intelligence

Ainu 498

Aitmatov, Chinghiz 490

Ajgi, Gennadij 493

Akhmadulina Bella, 492

Akhmatova, Anna 489, 491

Akhutin, Anatoly 491

Aksyonov, Vasily 491, 492

Alaimo, Stacy 105–7

Alain de Lille 428, 430

Alberti, Leon Battista 429, 432

Albertus Magnus 435

alchemical manuscripts 18, 21

alchemy 17–28, 51, 424, 433, 451, 454

Alexandrov, Daniel. A. 490

Alexshkovsky, Yuz 492

algebra 208, 429–30;

in Lacan 211

Alhazen 432

aliens 129–31, 526

ALife see artificial life

Alighieri, Dante 424, 427, 428, 430–31

Al-Jahiz, Amr ibn Bahr 124

Allen, Grant 112

Althusser, Louis 374, 375, 398

Amato, Joe 301

Amis, Martin:

London Fields 199

anatomy:

in biology 29;

as critical metaphor 30

Anaximander 413

ancients and moderns 423

Anderson, Benedict 505

Anderson, Katharine 71

Anderson, Poul 130

Andrews, Sarah 142

anima mundi see world soul

animal:

experimentation 452;

studies 242, 246, 253–63

animality 254–62

animals:

and agricultural studies 242, 246–48, 250;

in literary criticism 29, 38;

and posthumanism 374–80;

literary imagery of see nature imagery

Antheil, George 510

anthropology 333;

new spatial (Russia) 493

anti-humanism 374–75

Antikythera mechanism 410, 417 n4

anti-positivism 337

anti-trinitarianism 453

Antonetta, Susanne 107

apocalypse 522

Apollonius 428

Appadurai, Arjun 299–300

Aquinas, St. Thomas 400

Aratus (of Soli) 414–15

arbitrariness 397

archaeology 313;

of Foucault 352

Archimedes 428

archive 335

arctic 487

Arendt, Hannah 335

Ariosto, Ludovico 430, 432, 435

Aristophanes:

Clouds 410, 412–14

Aristotle 29, 124, 424, 425, 427, 434–35, 438, 443–44;

Poetics 412

arithmetic 161

Armbruster, Karla 106

Arnold, Matthew 112

Aronowitz, Stanley 276

ars 424

ars amandi 433

art 157, 161, 264–75;

function of 269;

and science 266–68;

difference from science and philosophy 271–72

artificial intelligence 4–16, 93, 228, 377, 525

artificial life 4–16, 95, 222

Artin, Emil 157

Ashby, Ross 89

Asimov, Isaac 57, 90, 130, 228, 281;

I, Robot 7–8

assimilation 343

astrology see astronomy

astronomy 63, 115, 338, 339, 413, 415, 430–31

Athanasius 453

atom 181–82, 185–86, 187, 190

atomic:

science 19, 22, 25, 27;

theory 51, 181, 183, 187

Attali, Jacques 152

Atwood, Margaret 31, 197

Atwood, Mary Anne:

A Suggestive Inquiry into the Hermetic Mystery 21

Auden, W.H. 139

Austen, Jane 141, 474, 478

authorship 332

autocatalysis 45, 232, 235

automata 432

automated society 8, 13–14

autopoiesis:

biological 38, 222;

and cognitive science 81, 85;

and cybernetics 89, 95;

social 223;

and thermodynamics 231, 235

avant-garde 331, 522

Avery, Oswald 125

Avicenna 433

Ayton, W.A. 21

Azuma Hiroki 502

Baars, Bernard 267

Bachelard, Gaston:

and history of science 336, 342, 344, 346;

and philosophy of science 365–67

Bacon, Francis 445, 447, 451–52

Bacon, Roger 432

bacteriology 345

Badiou, Alain 160

Badmington, Neil 374–84

Bakewell, Robert 247

Bakhtin, Mikhail 397, 490, 491

Ballard, J.G. 526

Balsamo, Anne 318

Baly, E.C.C. 22

Balzac, Honoré de 54, 274

Banks, Sir Joseph 466–67

Banville, John 438–39

Barad, Karen 292

Barbauld, Anna Letitia 468–70

Barr, James 181

Barth, John 82, 527

Barthelme, Donald 82

Barthes, Roland 214;

and information theory 151;

and semiotics 397, 398;

and postmodernism 522, 527

Bartholomew, James 500

Bataille, Georges 206

Bates, Henry Walter 37

Bateson, Gregory 220–21;

Steps to an Ecology of Mind 96;

“pattern that connects” 97

Bateson, William 125

Baudelaire, Charles 227, 520

Baudrillard, Jean 525, 526, 528

Bear, Greg 153, 183, 283;

“Schrödinger’s Plague” 193

beauty 157, 160

Beck, Ulrich 107

Beckett, Samuel 79, 80, 196

Beckmann, Max 270

Beer, Gillian 112, 119, 120, 278–80, 285

Belinsky, Vissarion 488

Bell Telephone Laboratories 145–46, 148

Bell, John 200

Bense, Max 152

Bentham, Jeremy 258–59, 404

Bentley, Richard 449

Bentley, Thomas 477

Benveniste, Emile 397

Benzer, Seymour 126

Beowulf 170, 176

Bergson, Henri 502, 511

Berkeley, George 398

Berlin School of media theory 152

Bernhard, Thomas 364

Bertalanffy, Ludwig von 218–20

Bertens, Hans 528

Berthelot, Jean-Michel 337, 346

Bessarion, Basilios 428

Best, Steven 528

bestiaries 434–35

Bhabha, Homi K. 37

Biagioli, Mario 336, 346

Bible 453;

Hebrew 136, 137:

imagery of 318;

Song of Solomon 428;

Proverbs 428

Bibler, Vladimir 491

Bichat, Marie Francois Xavier 33

big bang 198

Binnig, Gerd 186

biologisms 35–38

biology 29–40, 152, 235, 312;

as cultural practice 29, 32–34;

developmental 345;

as fiction 39;

history of 29;

as literary subject-matter 30–34, 36–37;

molecular 402;

as narrative 31;

and physics 30–31;

and psychoanalysis 204–5, 207;

and semiotics 396, 399, 402, 403

biophilosophy 38

biopoetics 35

biopolitics 503

biosciences, new 31–34, 37

biosemiotics 402–4

biosphere 4, 97, 222, 489;

Sustainable

Biosphere Initiative 105

biotechnology 380–81;

see also biosciences, new

Bitov, Andrei 491, 492

black holes 196

Blade Runner (film) 93, 96, 217, 526

Blake, William 141, 171, 173, 193, 460;

“The Tyger” 34

Blavatksy, H.P. 376;

Isis Unveiled 21;

Secret Doctrine 21

Blish, James 184

Blok, Alexander, 489

Bloomsbury Group 515–16

Blount, Charles 451

Blumenberg, Hans 342

Boccaccio, Giovanni 433

body 37, 212;

male 316–17

Body Worlds 318

Boethius 425

Bogost, Ian 328, 333

Bohr, Niels:

and nanotechnology 181;

and physics 194;

and psychoanalysis 207, 213;

and deconstruction 288

Bois-Reymond, Emil du 341–42, 346

Bolton, Christopher 506

Boltzmann, Ludwig 145, 147, 227, 234

Booth, Wayne:

The Rhetoric of Fiction 195

Borg, the 90, 93, 95

Borges, Jorge Luis 166, 196

Bortolotti, Gary R. 32

botany 29, 34, 402

bots 14

Bourdaghs, Michael 506

Bova, Ben 128

Boyle, Robert 17, 18;

Free Inquiry into the Vulgar Notion of Nature 450;

and the scientific “revolution” 439, 445, 447, 449, 450, 451–53;

Of the Usefulness of Experimental Philosophy 452

Boyle, T.C. 30;

The Descent of Man 33

Bradbury, Ray 490;

There Will Come Soft Rains 318

brain 211–13, 335;

research see cognition

Braque, Georges 264, 269–70

Brauman, John I. 186

Braunstein, Jean-François 340, 346

Brecht, Bertolt 364–65

breeding 246–48

Bricmont, Jean 146

Brink, André 291, 293, 296

Brodsky, Joseph 489, 491

Broglio, Ronald 247, 248, 250

Bronte, Charlotte 174

Brooklyn Bridge 509

Brotton, Jerry 256

Browne, Sir Thomas 176

Bruno, Giardano 159

Bruno, Giuliana 277

Bryant, William Cullen 140

Bryce, Jason, and Jo Rutter 323, 327, 333

Buber, Martin 335

Buddhism 503

Buffon, Comte de 137

Bulgakov, Mikhail 489

Bulwer-Lytton, Edward:

Zanoni 19–20, 23, 26

bunmei kaika see enlightenment, and civilization

Burdach, Karl Friedrich 29

Burke, Edmund 192, 457

Burn, Stephen 80, 85

Burns, Robert 139

Bush, Vannevar 299

Butler, Judith 36

Butler, Octavia 29, 128–29, 280–81;

Dawn 281

Butler, Samuel 118

Byatt, A.S. 272–73

Byron, George Gordon 140, 173

Caillois, Roger 333

Calvino, Italo 299–300

Campbell, John W. 189

Campion, Thomas 171

Candolle, Alphonse de 342, 346

Canguilhem, Georges:

and deconstruction 294, 296;

and history of science 338, 341, 343, 346

canonization 521–22

Cantor, Georg 165

Capek, Carel:

R.U.R. 5, 7

Capella, Martianus 423–28

Capellanus, Andreas 433

capitalism 226, 236, 475, 477;

see also economic accumulation

Cardano, Girolamo 429

Carlyle, Thomas 279

Carnap, Rudolf 337, 346, 365–66

Carroll, Joseph 77, 79, 86

Carroll, Lewis 161–62, 183

Carson, Rachel 104–5

Cartesianism 502–4

Cartwright, Lisa 277

Casey, Janet Galligani 249–50;

A New Heartland 249

catastrophism 137, 138, 142

categorization see taxonomy

Cato 415

causality 208–9

Cavalcanti, Guido 434

Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi 132

Cavendish, Margaret, duchess of Newcastle, 444, 445–46

Cayley, John 304

Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences 281–82

Cézanne, Paul 269, 271

Chaitin, Gregory J. 145

Chambers, Ephraim 451, 456

Chambers, Robert 116;

Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation 115–16

chance and probability 204, 208, 227;

in literature 208;

in philosophy 208;

in psychoanalysis 206;

in quantum physics 208;

see also random

Chancellor, Richard 486

Changeux, Jean-Pierre 272

channel transmission capacity 146

chaos 96, 212, 232, 236;

definitions of, 44;

historical relationships with literature, 48–49;

relationships with postmodernity and capitalism, 49;

theory 41–50, 196, 525;

and thought 212;

see also noise

Chaplin, Charlie 510

Chardin, Teilhard de 490

Charlemagne 436

Chaucer, Geoffrey 171, 176, 430, 432

Chekhov, Anton 171, 177

chemical affinity 51, 53

chemistry 51–62, 462:

in competition with physics 22, 23, 24;

Daltonian 22;

as distinct from alchemy 17, 19;

as “modern alchemy” 22;

as outgrowth of alchemy 17–18, 22;

and radioactive elements 22–23, 24;

in science fiction 57;

and transmutation 21–22, 24

Chernoglazov, Alexander 348

Chernyshevsky, Nikolay 488

Chesterton, J. K. 249–50

Child, Charles M. 345

chirality 56, 58

Chisholm, Dianne 109

Christensen, Inger 163

Christians 135, 136, 137

Christie, Agatha 56

Chuang Tzu 43

Cicero 427;

Somnium Scipionis (Dream of Scipio) 146, 417 n6;

translation of Aratus 414

circular processes 97

citizen 244–47;

normate body of 245

city 248

Clancy, Tom 13

Clarke, Arthur C. 129, 183

Clarke, Bruce:and cognitive science 81, 85–86;

and ecology 109;

and thermodynamics 228, 230;

and posthumanism 374, 375

class 126, 129

classification see taxonomy

Clayton, Jay 131

climate 63–71;

change 108

clones 128–29, 131

closure:

operational 222

Cochran, Terry 82–83, 298

code 301–2, 308, 358;

alphanumeric 93;

elitism of 303–4;

versus literary text 304

Coelho, Paulo:

The Alchemist 27

coevolution 231, 233

CoEvolution Quarterly 220

cognition 30, 33, 35, 37–38

cognitive:

poetics 38;

science 77–88, 212

coincidentia oppositorum 434

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 52–53, 115, 172

Collie, J.N. 22

colonialism 504

color theory 339

Columbus, Christopher 435

Columella 415

comets 455–56

comics 130–31

communication 231, 504;

artistic 233;

literary 215;

social 223;

scientific 402

companion species 378–79

complexification 234

complexity 41–50, 230–31, 233–36, 525;

definitions of, 43

composition 152

computational universe 284

computer 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 13, 15;

codes 130;

liberation 301–2

Comte, Auguste 340

Conan Doyle, Sir Arthur 140, 141

concept 335, 342

Condit, Celeste 128

condition-of-England novel 479

Conduitt, John 455

Configurations (journal) 171–72

Conlogue, William 248, 250;

Working the Garden 248

Conrad, Joseph 141

consciousness 203, 206–7, 209–12, 267, 274;

and crowds 86–87, 304, 308;

and environment 78;

and narrative 77, 79–80;

as presence 209;

and the unconscious 209;

see also cognition

consilium 433

constraint 163

constructionism 31, 37–38, 403

Constructivism (Russian) 489

context 277, 278

conventionalism 363

Cook-Deegan, Robert 126

Cooper, James Fenimore 140

Coover, Robert 82, 298, 302–3

Copernicus, Nicholas 423, 438–9, 440, 441, 444;

system of 415

Cornell, Joseph 337

Cornwell, Patricia 56

corporeality see body

Correns, Carl 125

Corsi, Pietro 343, 346

cosmology 430–31, 440, 441, 444

Coster, Robert 244

counterculture 154, 218, 220

Counter-Strike Force (video game) 330

country 242–43, 248–49, 252

courtly love 433

Cowper, Richard 128

Cowper, William 139

Cramer, Florian 307–8

Crane, Hart 509

Crane, Stephen 34

creation 31, 38

Crichton, Michael 31, 129, 183;

Jurassic Park 96;

Prey (film) 5, 13, 15, 96

Crick, Francis 125–26, 128

criminology 506

Critchley, Simon 521, 528

criticism:

cultural 82–83;

literary 131–32

Crogan, Patrick 329–30, 334

Cronenberg, David 375

Crookes, William 21, 22, 23

Crowley, Aleister 21

cryptography 429

cubism 269–71

cultural:

studies 242, 246–47, 251, 276–85, 331;

theory 333

culture 242–43, 248–51, 398;

“one culture” 169;

“third culture” 177;

“two cultures” 113, 169, 177, 264, 266, 287, 470–72

cummings, e.e. 510

Cummings, Ray 184–86

Cuvier, Georges 30, 67, 113

cyberculture 276, 332

cybernetic:

enhancement 90;

mind 97

cybernetics 5, 8, 15, 89–99, 151, 282–84, 344, 377;

second-order 91, 95;

see also systems theory

cyberpunk 526;

narratives 236

cyberspace 377

cyberworld 94

cyborg 90;

science 5;

and systems theory 217–18;

and posthumanism 376–77, 378–79, 381 n4

cyborgization 526

cytosemiotics 402

d’Ascoli, Cecco 430

Dalcq, Albert 345

Dalton, John 22, 181;

A New System of Chemical Philosophy 19

Damrosh, David 299

Dante, Alighieri 158, 160, 176

Darmstaedter, Ludwig 340, 346

Darrow, Charles 334

Darwin, Charles 4, 112, 113, 116–20:

and biology 31–34;

and cultural studies 278–80;

Descent of Man 119;

Expression of the Emotions 120;

and genetics 124–25, 135–36;

and geology 138;

in history of science 340, 343;

and industrialism 474, 478, 483;

On the Origin of Species 116–18;

and psychoanalysis 205, 208;

and semiotics 398;

and thermodynamics 227

Darwin, Erasmus 113–15, 124, 465, 466, 476

Darwinism 234, 342;

neo- 232;

social 236, 399

Daston, Lorraine:

and history of science 336, 344, 346;

and industrialism 475, 482, 484

Davies, Kevin 126

Davis, Mike 70

Davis, Richard Harding 141

Davy, Sir Humphry 52–53, 462–63, 466–67, 468

Dawkins, Richard 127

Dawson, Gowan 120

de Kruif, Paul 512

Deacon, Terence 354

Dear Esther (video game) 333

deconstruction 37–38, 78, 287–97, 520;

see also Derrida, Jacques

Deely, John 400, 401

Defoe, Daniel 66

DeForest, William:

Miss Ravenel’s Conversion from Secession to Loyalty 32

degeneration 121

Delany, Samuel R. 280

Deleuze, Gilles 212–13, 345, 528;

and Félix Guattari 38;

A Thousand Plateaus 38;

Rhizome 38

DeLillo, Don 58, 83, 153

Delphinas, Nicholas Barnaud 18

democracy 504–5

Democritus 181

Demuth, Charles 509

Dennett, Daniel 79–80

Depew, David J. 228, 232–34

Derrida, Jacques:

and psychoanalysis 206, 211;

and animal studies 257–62;

and deconstruction 287, 288–96;

and history of science 345;

and posthumanism 378, 379;

and semiotics 398;

and postmodernism 520, 521;

différance 30, 38, 292, 356

Descartes, René:

and psychoanalysis 210;

and posthumanism 374, 377;

and semiotics 401;

and the scientific “revolution” 441, 444, 445;

and postmodernism 521

determinism 34, 36, 450;

environmental 139, 140;

technological 519, 524

deterministic control paradigm 196

development:

universal theory of 226;

see also evolutionary theory

DeVries, Hugo 125

Dezhina, Irina 494

Di Chiro, Giovanna 105

dichotomies 151

Dick, Philip K. 283, 526;

and cybernetics 93, 95;

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep 8;

and genetics 130;

and systems theory 217–18;

Screamers 8;

“Second Variety” 8;

We Can Build You 5, 8

Dickens, Charles 54, 279, 478, 480, 483

Dickinson, Emily 33, 302, 508, 509, 516

Dickson, Gordon 128

Diggers 244

digitalization 524

Dijck, José van 127, 318

dinosaurs 67

Diogenes of Apollonia 414

Diophantus 428

Dirac, Paul A. M. 204

disability 245;

see also Thomson, Rosemarie Garland

Disch, Thomas 302

disciplinary power 503

disciplines 312;

boundaries of 232;

convergence of 266–68, 274;

difference of 265–66, 273;

scientific 236;

see also humanities

discourse 399, 404

dissipative structures 230, 232, 233

Dixon, Thomas 36

Djerassi, Carl 58–59

DNA 31, 121, 125–31, 214

Dobbs, Betty Jo 455

Dobrolyubov, Nikolay 488

Donne, John 18, 19, 272–73, 440, 441

Dos Passos, John:

USA Trilogy 511

Dostoevsky, Fyodor 53, 488

Dotzler, Bernhard J. 152, 337, 346

double slit experiment 198–99

Dowden, Ernest 112

Dreiser, Theodore:

Sister Carrie 228, 229

Drexler, K. Eric 182, 189

dualism 497, 502–3;

see also dichotomies;

non-dualistic Duchamp, Marcel 513

Dürrenmatt, Friedrich:

The Physicists 198

Duhem, Pierre 363

Dupréel, Eugène 335

Dutch studies 499

Dyke, Chuck 232

Eagan, Greg:

Permutation City 9–10

Eakins, Thomas:

The Agnew Clinic 511;

The Gross Clinic 511

Eco, Umberto:

The Island of the Day Before 198

ecocriticism 101, 109–10, 246–47, 444

ecology 29, 100–11, 255, 261–62, 506;

succession in 235

economic accumulation 230

economics, economism 235, 246, 250, 519

economy:

of explanation 151;

internet 235;

techo-capitalist 236

ecosystem 103–4, 231–35

Edison, Thomas 185

Edisonade 185

education 500, 504

Edwards, Peter 255

Egerton, A.C.G. 22

Eigler, Don 186, 188

Einstein, Albert 194, 208;

and art 264, 269;

and modernism 510, 511;

Relativity:

The Special and General Theory 510

Eisenstein, Elizabeth 298, 355

Eisenstein, Sergei 489

Elder, John 103

electron 181, 186, 187, 188

electronic literature 298–311

Eliot, George 280:

and medicine 174, 177;

and industrialism 478, 480, 482;

Middlemarch 120, 174

Eliot, T.S. 510, 515

Eliza 93

embodiment 283, 284

embryology 29, 345

emergence 219, 525

Emerson, Lori 308

Emerson, Ralph Waldo:

and climate science 68–70;

and ecology 102;

and geology 135, 137, 138, 140;

“Nature” 68–69, 72

Emmens, Stephen 23

emotion chip 93, 94, 95

emotions 33

Empedocles 135, 412–13, 428

empiricism 452

Empson, William 195, 199;

The Seven Types of Ambiguity 195

Enclosure Acts 244;

see also property encounter 336

encyclopedia 425–27

energy 226–29, 232, 233;

available 229;

degradation 235;

free 230, 231;

loss 226;

scarcity 235;

solar 228;

see also flows;

sun Engelhardt, Dietrich von 340, 347

Engels, Friedrich 475

engineering 146, 148;

transdisciplinary 89

Enlightenment:

and civilization 501–2;

and geology 135, 137;

and medicine 172–73, 176;

and semiotics 401, 404;

and postmodernism 519, 521, 524–25

ens rationis see mind-dependent being

ens reale see mind-dependent being entropic debt 334

entropy 59, 231, 234, 525;

as dissipation of energy 153;

and information 153, 230;

in closed systems 226, 227;

negative see negentropy;

in open systems 228, 229;

and Pynchon 153–54;

thermodynamic 147, 153;

see also heat death

environment:

of systems 215, 219, 222–23;

openness to 222

environmental justice 105

environmentalism 493, 524

Epimetheus 349, 356

episteme 336, 409

epistemology 312;

and ecology 102–3, 107–9;

classical 205, 207–8;

non-classical 205–12;

and psychoanalysis 204–5, 211;

quantum (as non-classical) 207, 209–12

Epstein, Mikhail 492

equilibrium:

as maximum entropy 154;

see also thermodynamics,

equilibrium in Erasmus 427

Eratosthenes 414

Erdrich, Louise 106

Ermarth, Elizabeth D. 528

Ernst, Wolfgang 152

Erofeev, Venedikt 492

Erofeev, Viktor 491–92

Eschenbach, Wolfram von 435

Eshbach, Lloyd Arthur 189

essentialism 36–37

ethics129;

of alterity 521, 524

ethnicity see race

Euclid 158, 161, 425, 428

Eudemos of Rhodes 338

eugenics 126, 128

Eugenides, Jeffrey:

Middlesex 37

Eve Online (video game) 323

event 522

evolution 4, 6, 9–11, 112–23;

and aestheticism/decadence 120;

in biology 29–35;

and fin de siècle 121;

and genetics124, 128, 130, 132;

and language theory 117–18;

and “law of accelerating returns” 11;

of literature 32–35;

as metaphor 118;

narrative 117, 120;

natural selection in 227, 231–35;

novel 119–20;

and scientific popularization 112, 115–16;

and thermodynamics 227, 231–35;

see also transmutation, transformism

evolutionary:

development 232;

progress 226, 227;

psychology 35;

science 233;

theory 205, 207, 226, 279–80, 343, 506

experimentation 339, 475, 479

extinction 32, 34

Fall, the 136

Fantastic Voyage (film) 183

farm 242–49

Farnese, the 428

Farr, Florence 21

Faulkner, William:

The Sound and the Fury 514

Fearn, John Russell 181

feedback 216–20;

loops 231;

negative 216–17

feminism 33, 36, 247

feminist critiques 312;

of science 312–18;

of metaphor 314, 315, 317;

of hegemony 314

feminist science studies 312–22

Feminist Theory (journal) 313

Feyerabend, Paul 364, 368, 525, 528

Feynman, Richard 182, 183, 198

Fibonacci (Leonardo Pisano) 429

Ficino, Marsilio 427, 433

fiction 279–80;

detective 56, 140

Fiedler, Leslie 243

field 289–92, 294

film 130–32

Finch, Robert 103

FINNRAGE 315

first law see thermodynamics

first-person consciousness 91

Fischart, Johann 435

Fitzgerald, F. Scott 516

Flaubert, Gustave 227

Floridi, Luciano 154 n4

Flower (video game) 333

flowers see nature imagery

flows:

economic 226;

energy 226, 231–35;

material 232

flux, metaphor of 137, 138

Fly, The (film) 230

Foerster, Heinz von 91, 217–23

Folengo, Teofilo 436

Fomenko, Anatoly 493

Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de 338–40, 347

form 163

formalism 326

Forster, E.M. 193, 515

Fortescue, James 459

Foster, Thomas 377

Foucault, Michel 48, 342, 503–4, 520;

and media studies 351–52;

and posthumanism 374–75

Fournival, Richard 435

Fracastoro, Girolamo 433

fractals 41–42, 198

Frankfurt School 152

Franklin, Benjamin 476

Franklin, Rosalind 125

Franklin, Sarah 31

Frasca, Gonzalo 324, 329, 334

Fraser, Sir James 515

Freedman, Nancy 128

Freud, Sigmund 203–13, 398, 510, 515–16;

Civilization and its Discontents 516

Friedmann, Robert Marc:

Remembering Miss Meitner 198

Frye, Northrop 30

Fudge, Erica 256, 380

Fukuyama, Francis 380–81

Fuller, Margaret:

Summer on the Lakes 34

Fuller, R. Buckminster 218

fullerenes 183

Gábor, Dennis 154 n1

Gabyshev, Leonid 491–92

Gaddis, William 82–83

Gaia 74, 136, 143;

digital 12–13

Gaia theory 136, 138, 143, 223

Gaither, Laura 132

Galen 399, 415–16, 433–35

Galilei, Galileo 158, 207, 340, 404, 442–44

Galison, Peter 337, 347, 474, 482, 484

Gall, Franz Joseph 33

Galton, Francis 342, 347

Game Studies (journal) 324

game studies 323–34

Games and Culture (journal) 323, 324

games:

academic aesthetics of 323, 332;

classic game model 325, 330;

communities of 332;

critical theory of 333;

definition of 323, 330;

digital 323–34;

design of 326–27;

and electronic literature 302;

fiction in 329;

first-person shooters 332;

gameness 326, 330–31;

interactivity in 327, 328, 332;

massively multiplayer online 323, 330;

multidisciplinarity and 323, 329;

networked 330, 332;

non-digital and traditional 323–24, 325, 327, 328, 329;

physics of 333;

process in 330–31;

reality of, 329;

role-playing 325;

rules in 323, 324, 329–30;

single-player 324;

structure of 326, 327, 329, 333;

representation in 328, 330;

technological sublime in 332;

textuality of 328, 330;

transmediality of 325

Gamow, George 190;

Mr. Tomkins in Wonderland 193

García Márquez, Gabriel 523

garden 248–51;

myth of 243

Garrod, George 247

gas warfare 57

Gasché, Rodolphe 292–93, 521, 528

Gaskell, Elizabeth 478, 480–83

Gassendi, Pierre 343

genbun itchi see unification of speech and writing

gender 31, 33, 36–37;

and technology studies 317–19

genealogy 35, 38

generation 35

genetic engineering 128–29, 131

genetics 29–32, 35–37, 125–32, 377;

Human Genome Project 36

genomes 235

genre 31, 34–36

geology 117, 135–44;

as metaphor 141

geometry 159, 207–8, 427–30

georgic 66

Gerber, Christoph 186

germ theory 510, 511

Gernsback, Hugo 26

Gestalt psychology 344;

switch 335, 344

Gibbs, J. Willard 145

Gibson, William 153, 375;

Count Zero 94;

Mona Lisa Overdrive 94;

Neuromancer 12, 94, 236, 283, 526

Gifford, Terry 243

gift 522

Gilbreth, Frank 510

Gilbreth, Lillian 510

Gillespie, William 308

Gillispie, Charles 340, 347

Gilman, Charlotte Perkins 29, 36;

Herland 33

Gladilin, Anatoly 491

Gleick, James 41–42, 198

global warming 63, 72

globalization 82–83, 298

glossematics 397

Glover, Richard 455–56, 458

goal-seeking systems 91–92

God see creation

Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem 296

Goethe, Johann W. von 53, 58, 135, 142, 339, 347, 369

Gogol, Nikolai 488

gold standard 25–26

Golden Dawn 21, 22, 24, 27

Goldsmith, Oliver 171

Golinski, Jan 66, 336, 347

Golley, Gregory 506

Gonder, Patrick 132

Gonne, Maud 21

Goonan, Kathleen Ann 183

Gothic novel 478

Goucher, Candice 476

Gould, Stephen J. 208

Goulding, Robert 338, 347

Goux, Jean-Joseph 64

gradients 232, 234;

energy 227, reduction of 226, 235

Graeco-Latin square 164

Grafton, Anthony 338, 347

Graham, Elaine L. 377

Graham, Loren R. 494

grammatology 289, 293, 295–96

Grand Theft Auto IV (video game) 324, 331

gravity 455–56, 458

Gray, Chris Hables 377

gray goo 189

Grazevich, Gregory M. 375

Greek tragedy 173

Gregory, Richard 267

Greimas, A. J. 397–98

Gross, Michael 185, 188

Grove, Richard 100–101

Guattari, Félix 38, 212–13, 528

Guerrini, Anita 256

Guinizzelli, Guido 435

gunpowder 432

Haber, Fritz 57

Hacking, Ian 46, 498, 505

hacktivism 301–2, 304

Haeckel, Ernst 38, 100

Haggard, Rider: Ayesha:

She 24;

She 24

Hägler, Andreas 154

Half Life 2 (video game) 326

Hall, Stuart 150

Halley, Edmund 137

Halliwell, Stephen 417 n1, 418 nn10, 11, 419 n35

Hamilton, Edmond 182

Hammel, Tanja 154

Hand, Elizabeth 129

Hansen, Mark B.N. 78, 81

Hanson, Norwood Russell 336, 347

Haraway, Donna:

and ecology 102, 110;

and animal studies 257, 259;

and cultural studies 276, 280–82, 285;

and feminist science studies 312, 317;

and posthumanism 376–81, 382 nn8, 9;

Cyborg Manifesto 280;

Primate Visions 281

Harding, Sandra 100, 312, 318

Hardy, G.H. 157

Hardy, Thomas 141, 280;

A Pair of Blue Eyes 119–20

Hargreaves, James 475

Harris, Roy 397

Harrison, M. John 130

Harrison, Tony 57

Hartley, David:

Observations on Man 192

Hartley, Ralph 145

Hasse, Henry 188–90

Havelock, Eric 355

Hawking, Stephen 194;

A Short History of Time 198

Hawthorne, Nathaniel 54

Hayles, N. Katherine xvi;

and chaos theory 49;

and information theory 151, 154 n1;

and animal studies 254–55;

Chaos Bound 227, 229–30;

Chaos and Order 232–33;

and cultural studies 282–85;

and game studies 328, 334;

How We Became Posthuman 230, 282–84;

My Mother Was a Computer 284;

and posthumanism 377, 381, 382 n5;

and postmodernism 528;

Writing Machines 284

heads-up display 327–28

heat death 153, 226, 227, 230;

see also entropy, thermodynamic;

thermodynamics, second law of

Hebrews, ancient 135, 136

Hecataeus of Miletus 411

Heckman, Davin 304

Hediger, Heini 402

Hegel, G.W.F. 363

Heidegger, Martin 365, 501–2, 510, 520

Heilmann, Till 154

Heims, Steve J. 155

Heinlein, Robert A. 182

Heise, Ursula 109, 528

Heisenberg, Werner 196, 204, 208, 273

heliocentrism 438

Heller, Joseph 153

Helmholtz, Hermann von 153, 363

Hemingway, Ernest 514, 516

Henderson, Lawrence Joseph 344

Henderson, Linda Dalrymple 163

Heraclitus 411, 413

herbals 434–36

Herbert, Frank 29

heredity 124–25, 132

hermeneutics 37

hermeticism 18, 20, 21, 23, 27, 431

Hero of Alexandria 428

Herschel, William 459

Hertz, Heinrich 363, 367

Hesiod 196

heterology 521, 524

hieroglyphics 427

Hildegard of Bingen 430–31

Hippocrates 124, 399, 433;

Hippocratic writings 418 n12

history:

of art 343;

of science 335–48, 457–58

hive mind 90

Hjelmslev, Louis 397

Hobbes, Thomas 173, 445, 447

Hoffmann, Roald 52, 58–59

Hoffmeyer, Jesper 402

Hogan, Patrick Colm 80

Hoggart, Richard 242

holism 219;

cybernetic 97

Holmes, Frederic L. 337

homeostasis 217;

cognitive 221

Hood, Leroy 126

Hooke, Robert 439, 445, 446

Horniman, Annie 21

Houellebecq, Michel 31

Hrabanus Maurus 428

Hubbard, Ruth 33, 37, 127

HUDs see heads-up display

Hudson, Mark 271

Hugh of Saint Victor 431

Hugo, Victor 140

Huizinga, Johan 324

Human Genome Project 126–27, 377

humanism 505

humanities 342, 346, 374–84;

disciplines 236;

medical 175–76

Humboldt, Alexander von 341

humoral theory 433

Humphrey, Nicholas 267

Husserl, Edmund 209, 296

Hutcheon, Linda 32, 528

Hutton, James 67, 135–42

Huxley, Aldous 29, 129;

Brave New World 5, 7

Huxley, Thomas Henry 30, 119–21, 265–66

Huygens, Christiaan 439, 442, 446, 487

hybridity 35–36

Hypatia (journal) 313

hypercapitalism 519

hyperrealism 527

hypertext 299;

fiction 325

hypochondria 173

Hyppolite, Jean 296

I’ll Take My Stand 243;

see Agrarians

Ibsen, Henrik 491

image 336, 343

imagination 157

imaging technologies 316, 317

imitation see mimicry

Imperial Academy of Sciences (Russia) 486

imperialism 129;

cultural 521;

logic of 226

implied reader 301

in-between 335, 337

indeterminacy 196;

in Cubist paintings 269–71;

in literary theory 272–73;

in perception 272–73, 274;

principle in quantum physics 273–74

individuality 128, 132

industrial:

novel 478;

production 475, 480;

revolution 474–78

industrialization 248–49, 500

ineffable, the 365

infinity 165–66

information:

and cybernetics 90–94, 96–97;

as opposed to meaning 146, 148;

as negative entropy 219;

as probability 92;

society 519, 524;

and systems theory 216–17;

technology 313;

and thermodynamics 226–27, 229–32

information theory 145–55, 229–30;

algorithmic 145;

fundamental theorem of 148;

materialism of 152

informational aesthetics 152

informativeness 150

Ingarden, Roman 77–79

inscription 336;

device 337;

see also sound inscription

instrument, scientific 335–37

intelligence amplification (IA) 13

intelligent machines, “takeover” by 8, 11–12, 13, 15

intentionality:

in communication 146–47, 149–50, 155 n7

interactivity 327

interdisciplinarity 264–68, 273–74;

see also disciplines, convergence of

interface 335, 344

interiority 504

intermediality 332

intermediation 284

interpretant 401

interstice 335, 343, 345

intertextuality 42, 154, 292, 332, 522–23

intra-activity 292

Irigaray, Luce 37

Irving, John 523

Isidore of Seville 426–27, 435

Italy 423–37

Jackson, Shelley 303

Jacob, François 294–96

Jacobs, Linda 143

Jakobson, Roman 46, 397, 401, 490

James, Henry 513

James, William 510, 513–14;

Principles of Psychology 513

Jameson, Fredric 84, 86, 332, 519, 526–28

Jantsch, Eric:

The Self-Organizing Universe 230–31

Japan 497–507

Jardine, Lisa 256

Jardine, Nicholas 341, 347

Jarry, Alfred 369

Jauss, Hans-Robert 521, 528

Jax, Kurt 103

Jenner, Edward 248

Jews 135, 136

Johanneson, Olof:

The End of Man 15

John, Otto 128

Johns Schloegel, Judy 343, 347

Johnson, Christopher 288–89, 294, 296

Jones, D.F.:

Colossus 15

Jonson, Ben:

The Alchemist 18–19

Jordanova, Ludmilla 277

Journal of Medical Humanities 171

Joyce, James 79;

Finnegans Wake 196, 514;

Ulysses 511, 515

Joyce, Michael 303

Judson, Horace 126

Jung, Carl 515;

Mysterium Coniunctionis 27

Juul, Jesper 324–26, 329–30, 334

Kabakov, Alexander 491–92

Kabakov, Ilya 491

kabbalah 427

Kafka, Franz 77, 79, 80–81

kairos 65, 67, 71

Kaiser, Georg 57

Kant, Immanuel 339, 363, 400, 520;

phenomena and noumena in 205;

and psychoanalysis 204–7, 213

Karatani Kôjin 504–5

Karsten, Gustav 342, 347

Kauffman, Stuart 233;

At Home in the Universe 236

Kawana Sari 506

Kay, Lily 31

Kazakov, Yury Pavolovich 491

Keats, John 160–61, 171, 206

Keller, Evelyn Fox 127–28, 313

Kelley, Donald R. 336, 347

Kellner, Douglas 528

Kelly, James Patrick 129

Kennedy, Tanya Ann 243, 251;

A New Heartland 249

Kepler, Johannes 338, 438, 442, 445

Kerouac, Jack 376

Kevles, Daniel 126

King, Clarence 142

Kingsland, Sharon 103–5

Kirby, David 132

Kirshenbaum, Matt 307

Kitson, Arthur 26

Kittler, Friedrich 152, 351–59

Kleist, Heinrich von 206

Knoespel, Kenneth 487, 495

knowledge:

fragmentation of 264–65;

society 519

Koch, Robert 510

Kolmogorov, Andrey Nikolaevich 145

Kolodny, Annette 243

Koontz, Dean 129

Kornberg, Arthur 186

Korolyov, Sergey 490, 493

Koyré, Alexandre 342

Kragh, Helge S. 336, 347

Kristeva, Julia 35

kronos 65, 67, 71

Krueger, Oliver 381–82 n3

Kuhn, Thomas 440–41;

and history of science 336–37, 344, 347;

and philosophy of science 364, 366;

and postmodernism 525;

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 276

Kull, Kalevi 402

Kurzweil, Ray:

The Singularity Is Near 11–12

Kuttner, Henry 130

kybernetes 89

L’Isle-Adam, Villiers de 343

La Chapelle, Jean-Baptiste de 339, 347

La Fontaine, Jean de 343

labor 245, 250

laboratory 335–36

Lacan, Jacques 204–13, 374, 375, 398;

the Imaginary in 210–11;

the Oedipal in 209–11;

the Other in 210;

the Real in 204–6, 208, 210–11;

the Symbolic in 210–11

Lachmann, Renata 487, 495

Lafferty, Kevin 261

Lakatos, Imre 368

Lakoff, George 80

Lamarck, Jean Baptiste de 29–30, 113, 114, 124;

Lamarckism 115, 121

Landry, Donna 256

landscape 247, 251;

painting, British 247

Lang, Hans Peter 186

language 157–58, 167, 399, 403;

generalized 288–89, 291, 294–95;

prisonhouse of 523

langue 291–92, 296, 397

Lankester, Edwin Ray 121

lapidaries 434–36

Laplace, Pierre-Simon 67, 68, 450, 459

Lappé, Marc 126

Latini, Brunetto 426

Latour, Bruno xvi, 71, 276;

and ecology 102, 110;

and history of science 343, 345, 347;

and the scientific “revolution” 441, 450, 452–53, 460

Laubichler, Manfred 342, 347

Laudan, Rachel 338

Lauretis, Teresa de 317

Lautréamont:

Maldoror 160–61

Lavoisier, Antoine 51–52, 59

Lawrence, D.H. 228, 243, 251;

Sons and Lovers 516

Lawrence, William 6

Le Corbusier 512

Le Guin, Ursula K. 29

Leavis, F. R. 169, 177

Lem, Stanislaw:

The Cyberiad 89–93, 95–98

Lenoir, Timothy 337, 347

lens 432

Lepenies, Wolf 337–38, 347

Leucippus 181

Lévi, Éliphas 20

Levi, Primo 58

Levin, Ira 129:

This Perfect Day 95, 96

Levinas, Emmanuel 171, 257–58, 521, 528

Levine, George 112, 278, 280

Lévi-Strauss, Claude 397–98

Lewes, George Henry 120

Lewis, Sinclair:

Arrowsmith, 512

Lewis, Wyndham:

Apes of God 516

Lewontin, Richard 31, 127

Liber viginti quattuor philosophorum 428

liberal arts 425–27

library 166

Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph 368

Lief, Evelyn 129

life:

and deconstruction 288–90, 294–95

Lindee, M. Susan 127

Lindsay, Vachel 159–60

linguistic turn 398

linguistics 132, 396–97, 399, 402

Linnaeus, Carolus:

Systema naturae 35

lipogram 163–64

Lister, Joseph 510

literary:

acoustics 152;

forms 18, 19, 25, 26, 27;

studies 324;

theory 331

literature:

electronic 298–311;

indigenous 100, 106–7, 208–9;

as marginal 152;

as noise of culture 152–54;

postmodern 233;

social function of 152;

world 298–300, 304, 307

Literature and Medicine (journal) 171

Little Ice Age 70

LittleBigPlanet (video game) 333, 334

Liu, Alan 86–87

living flesh 95

Livingston, Ira 226, 235–36

Livingstone, Margaret 267, 273

Lloyd, Dan 77

Lloyd, Geoffrey 409–410, 417 nn2, 5, 6, 418 nn7, 12, 17, 22, 23

Locke, John 173, 245–46, 251, 400;

Two Treatises of Government 70, 245, 251

Loettgers, Andrea 342, 347

Loewy, Raymond 509

logic 400

logos 409–10, 417 n3

Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasilyevich 487

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth 64–65, 74;

“Evangeline” 64–65

Longinus 456

Loria, Gino 344

Lotka, Alfred 233

Lotman, Yuri 403, 490

Love, Glen A. 109

Lovelock, James 136, 138

Lowry, Malcolm:

Under the Volcano 511

Lubchenko, Jane 105

Lucan 416

Lucretius 411, 415, 416;

De rerum natura 33

Luddism 524

ludic 333

ludology 324, 326–27, 329

Luhmann, Niklas 42–43, 85, 219–23

Lunar Society 476

Luther, Martin 137

Luzeaux, Dominique 188

Lyell, Sir Charles 139, 140, 141, 142

Lykke, Nina 277

Lynas, Mark 108

Lyon, Janet 244

Lyotard, Jean-François 94, 519, 524, 526, 528

Lysenko, Trofim 399

Mach, Ernst 342, 363, 364, 367

machine 343;

intelligence 4, 5, 7, 11–12;

molecular 182, 188–89

MacKay, Donald M. 154

macrocosm, microcosm 135–37, 143, 427, 430

Macy Conferences 218

Magee, Bryan 265, 269

magic 424, 432–33;

circle 324

magical realism 523

Maienschein, Jane 342, 347

Malaby, Thomas 330, 334

Malevich, Kazimir 489

Mallarmé, Stéphane 264, 272, 273

Malthus, Thomas 114, 116

Mandelbrot, Benoit 41, 45

Mandelstam, Osip 489

Mandeville, John 435

Manilius 415

Mann, Thomas:

The Magic Mountain 177, 513

Manovich, Lev 358–59

many worlds theory 198

Marcellus II 428

Marcus, Ben 79, 304–5

marginal perspectives 313

Margulis, Lynn 223, 234

Markley, Robert 108–9, 451, 458, 459

Marks, Jonathan 127

Markson, David 364

Marsh, George Perkins 103

Marshall, William 233

Martindale, Colin 267, 268

Marx, Karl 70, 398, 475

Marx, Leo 243, 251

Marxism 398

Masons 20–21

Masson, Irvine 22

mastodon 67

materialism 6, 439, 444, 446, 502

materiality 284–85, 336

mathematics 157–68;

and modernism 193;

in the middle ages 427–30;

and physics 193;

and psychoanalysis 204, 207–8, 211

mathematization 342

Matheson, Richard 183

Mathews, Harry 306

Matrix, The (film) 94

matter theory 18, 19, 24

Maturana, Humberto 38, 221–22, 231;

see also autopoiesis

Maxwell, James Clerk 153:

demon 153, 227;

on the Governor 216

Mayhew, Henry 475

Maykovsky, Vladimir 489

Mazzio, Carla 159

McCaffery, Anne 280;

The Ship Who Sang 280

McCarthy, Wil 183

McElroy, Joseph 79

McEwan, Ian 192, 197;

Enduring Love 192;

Saturday 121–22

McHale, Brian 526

McIntyre, Donald B. 135, 138

McIntyre, Vonda 280

McKay, Claude 37

McKibben, Bill 106

McLuhan, Marshall 298, 353–56

McNeil, Maureen 277

McPhee, John 142

meaning 92–94

mechanism 439, 446

media 167;

archeology 152;

broadcast versus reception 301;

computational 358–59;

discourse theory 78, 83, 85;

ecology 298;

and memory 349–50, 357;

new 84;

studies 324, 331, 333, 349–61;

and technics 352–60;

theory 152

mediation see games, mediation in

Medici, the 428, 433

medicine 169–80, 377, 402, 432–34;

and agricultural studies 244, 247–48, 251;

human reproductive 248;

modern 104

Meek, S. P. 187

Meiji period 499

melancholy 433

Melville, Herman 132, 255

Memmot, Talan 308

memory 177;

and biology 33, 37;

and climate science 64, 66–67;

and media studies 349–50, 357

Mendel, Gregor 125

Mendeleev, Dmitri 181, 488

Menely, Tobias 260

Menser, Michael 276

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 271–72, 273, 335, 348

Merton, Thomas 22

metadisciplinary 92

metafiction 82, 523, 526, 527

metanarrative 519, 526

metaphor 55, 58, 80–81:

in biology and literary studies 30–31, 34, 36, 38;

in evolution 118;

in geology 138;

in feminist science studies 315–16

metaphysics, Western 520, 524

metatags 303–4

Metz, Christian 184

Meyerhold, Vsevolod 489

Meyerson, Emile 363

Mez (Mary-Anne Breeze) 304

microbiology 29–30, 37

microcosmic romance 181–84, 186, 188–90

microscope 184, 185;

scanning tunneling (STM) 185–86, 188

Middle Ages 423–36

Miéville, China 375

militarism 98

militarization 500, 506

Millay, Edna St. Vincent 160–61

Miller, Susan Cummins 143

Milovanovic, Dragan 211, 213

Milton, John 176, 196, 264;

and geology 136, 137;

and the scientific “revolution” 441–45

mimesis 37, 431

mimicry 31, 35, 37

mind:

as cybernetic system 97;

as immanent 97;

language of 93;

see also cognition

mind-dependent being 400, 401

mind-independent being 400, 401

Mirandola, Pico della 427

Mirkin, Chad 182

Mirowski, Philip 72

miscegenation see hybridity

mise en abyme 523

Mitchell, Robert 131

Mitchison, Naomi 129

Miyazawa Kenji 506

Mizuno Hiromi 506

MMOGs see games, massively

multiplayer online Model T 509

modeling 403

modernism 150, 193, 508–17;

mathematics in 193;

and modernity 247

modernity 244, 249–51, 452, 497–99, 502;

massive modernity thesis, 498, 503;

see also modernization

modernization 497, 499;

linguistic 504–5;

see also modernity

modularity:

of mind, 84;

of obsolescent technologies, 83–84

Moffitt, Donald 128

molecular biology see microbiology

Mondrian, Piet 337

monetary theory see gold standard

monsters 435–36

Montaigne, Michel de 171

Montfort, Nick 308

Moore, C.L.:

“No Woman Born” 317

Moore, Marianne 512

Morange, Michel 126

Moravec, Hans 382 n5

Morgan, Thomas Hunt 125

Mori Ôgai 506

Morowitz, Harold 219

morphology 29, 34

Morris, Charles 401

Moses 136, 137

Most, Glen 346, 411–12, 418 n18

Mother Nature 136

Muir, John 135, 139, 142

Muir, M.M. Pattison:

Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry 22

Mukherjee, Bharati 132

Müller, Johannes 347

multivocality 279

Murphy, Joseph 506

Murphy, Patrick D. 108

Murphy, Timothy 126

museum 335

Musil, Robert 364

Muslim 135, 137

mutants 128, 130–31

mutation 30, 32, 35, 128

muthos 409–10, 417 n3

mycosemiotics 402

mystery:

in art 269, 271;

in art, science,

and humanities 264, 269, 274

mythology 136

Nabakov, Vladimir 489

Nagata, Linda:

Limit of Vision 15

Nagibin, Yuri 491

Nakayama Shigeru 500, 501

nanomachines 12

nano-swarms 5

nanotechnology 181–91;

and frontier imagery 186–88;

and gray goo 189;

and imperialism 187–88;

and scanning tunneling microscopy 185–86;

and science fiction 182–83, 186, 190;

and self-replicating machines 188–89;

and microcosmic exploration 182, 185, 190

nanoworld 183, 185, 186–90

narrative 214, 279, 283–84, 398;

and consciousness 77;

and “evolution” of literature 32;

in game studies 326, 329;

narrativization of biology 31;

in print literature 303;

postmodern 221;

and recursivity 80

narratology 31, 35–36, 326, 328–29, 333, 398;

versus ludology debate 326, 329

Nash, Linda 104

Nash, Richard 375

nationalism, multiethnic 498

Natsume Sôseki 501–2

natural:

disasters 136;

history 434–36, 465–67, 474;

philosophy 438–47, 462, 467;

selection 32–34;

theology 113, 119–20, 279

naturalism:

as ideology 36, 38;

literary genre/period 33–34;

in novels 140

nature 312;

and biology 31–33, 35, 38–39;

book of 135, 138;

fabric of 138;

as globe 139;

God in 136, 138, 140;

imagery in literary texts 33–34;

as planet 139;

and the scientific “revolution” 449–53;

and semiotics 402–3;

writing 102–3, 106

negentropy 92;

see also entropy

Nelkin, Dorothy 127, 277

Nelson, Ted 299–302;

and transclusion 300

neo-Darwinism see Darwinism

Neptunism 137, 138, 142

network society 519

networks 110

Neumann, John von 145

Neurath, Otto 367

neuroaesthetics 267

neurobiology see cognition

neurophysiology see cognition

neuroscience 204, 209, 212–13, 267

New Age philosophy 194

New Criticism 77–78, 81

New Humanism (Russia) 491

Newton, Isaac:

and alchemy 17;

and physics 192–93, 195;

and history of science 340;

and the scientific “revolution” 438–40, 449, 453–59;

laws of 215;

Opticks 454, 457;

Principia Mathematica 449, 453, 457

Newtonianism 456–59, 506

Nicholas V 428

Nietzsche, Friedrich 206, 342–43, 365, 368, 502

Noah 452, 454, 458

Noë, Alva 267

noise 147–55, 230, 232;

as beneficial 150–52;

definition of 147;

engineering 150, 155 n6;

exorcism of 148;

and innovation 151–52;

as parasite 151;

re-injection of 150;

semantic 149;

as signal 147;

in theory 151–52;

as useless information 148, 151;

see also literature, as noise of culture;

signal-to-noise ratio nominalism 399, 403, 427

non-dualistic 502–3

non-equilibrium thermodynamics see thermodynamics

nonlinear 96;

dynamics 234

non-locality 197

nonsense 161, 166

non-verbal communication 403

non-West 497, 506

normal science 479

norms of representation 367, 368

North, William C. 184

nothing 159

Novalis 135, 142

novel, the 157, 167;

realism in 140

nuclear:

energy 524, 527;

holocaust 130;

physics 18, 20, 22–25, 27;

warfare 26, 27;

winter 63

number 158, 160–61

Nyquist, Harry 145

O’Brian, Fitz-James 184–86

object 400, 401

objectivity:

and feminist science studies 312, 313;

and philosophy of science 363, 364, 366;

and industrialism 474, 482, 484

observation 218, 221

observatory 335

occult revival 20–24, 26, 27

Ockham, William of 401

Odin, Jaishree 308

Okinawan 498

Olcott, H.S. 21

Olemy, P.T. 128

oncology 402

Ong, Walter J. 298, 354–55

Onians, John 268

ontology 312

optics 432

order:

and thermodynamics 226, 228, 229–31, 232

organic unity 30

organization 229, 232, 234;

social 228;

see also systems

Orientalism 497

origin:

as concept in biology and literature 29, 31, 33–34

ornithology 34

Ortiz, Simon 106

Oshii, Mamoru 375

otherness:

and postmodernism 520, 521, 524, 525

Otlet, Paul 299–301

Oulipo (Ouvoir de littérature potentielle) 83, 163, 305–6, 308

Ovid 435

Ozeki, Ruth 108

Pacioli, Luca 429–30

Padel, Ruth:

Darwin:

A Life in Poems 31

paidic 333

Paley, William 113, 119–20

Palmer, Stephen 270

Pangborn, Edgar 130

pangenesis 124

Pappus 428

paradigm 276, 336

paradox 220–21

parasite see noise:

as parasite Parnell, Peter:

QED 198

Paro 93

parody 524, 525;

see also mimicry

parole 291–92, 397

parthenogenesis 33

Pasternak, Boris 489;

Doctor Zhivago 493

Pasteur, Louis 345, 510, 512

pastiche 522, 526, 527;

see also hybridity

pastoral 66, 242–43, 248–51;

post-pastoral 243, 251

pataphysics 369

patient narratives 174

patterns 163

Patterson, Hubert 22

Pauling, Linus 125

Paulson, William 152, 232–33

Pearson, Karl 363

Peirce, C. S. 363, 396, 399–404

Pemberton, Henry:

A View of Sir Isaac Newton’s Philosophy 455, 459

perception 37

performativity 522

Perkins, David 260

Perriman, Cole:

Terminal Games 283

Peter the Great 486–87

Petrarca, Francesco 432–34

Peyligk, Johannes 434

phenomenology 335

Philippon, Daniel J. 106

Philosopher’s Stone 22, 23, 24

philosophia 409

philosophy 158, 160, 208, 212, 399–400;

cybernetic 97;

experimental 439, 442–43, 445–47;

pre-Socratic 399, 401, 411–14;

of science 362–70

physical chemistry 23

physics 192–202, 204–7, 235, 312, 431–32;

as “modern alchemy” 25;

classical 205, 207–8, 234;

new 510–11;

nuclear 22, 25;

and transmutation 24–25

physiology 29, 33, 38

phytosemiotics 402

Picasso, Pablo 270

Pickering, Andrew 336, 345, 348

picturesque tradition 247–50

Pinsky, Robert 302

Pius II 428

plague 432

plants 108

Plato 158;

Apology 418 n20;

Gorgias 409;

in Greece and Rome 409–10;

in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance 423, 428, 430, 433;

Phaedo 410, 412;

Phaedrus 349–50, 409;

and psychoanalysis 206, 209;

Republic 412, 416, 419 n35;

Timaeus 417 n3

play 157;

game 323–34

Pliny 415, 435

Plotnitsky, Arkady:

and deconstruction 287–89, 296

Plutonist 138, 142

Poe, Edgar Allen 140, 207;

“The Turk” 14

poem 157, 161, 163

poeticity 46

Poggendorff, Johann Christian 340–41, 348

Poincaré, Henri 363

Poinsot, John 400

Poliziano, Angelo 429

Pollan, Michael 108

Polo, Marco 435

Pong (video game) 331

Pope, Alexander 456, 459

Popov, Alexander 488

Popov, Evgeny 491

Popper, Karl Raimund 363, 365

popularization 339, 341, 436

Porta, Giambattista della 450

Portal (video game) 333

Porush, David 233

Posidonius (Stoic philosopher) 416, 419 n36

positivism 337

postality 331

postcolonialism 34, 36–37

post-history 84

posthuman 4, 83, 85–86, 254–56, 262

posthumanism 215, 282–84, 374–84;

disciplinary impact of 375;

scholarly modes of 377

post-industrial society 527

postmodern 331–32;

condition xv-xvi;

fable 94

postmodernism 276, 518–27

postmodernization 520, 525–27

post-positivism 337

post-print 82, 83;

the end of books, 298

poststructuralism 35, 150, 276, 288, 400

Pound, Ezra 201, 510, 512

Powers, Richard 31, 58, 79, 153, 283;

The Echo Maker 33;

Galatea 2.2 15, 283;

and genetics 129–30;

and posthumanism 375, 376

practice, scientific 345

Pragnell, Festus 188

predictability 147–48

predisciplinarity 463–64, 467, 471

Priestley, Joseph 340, 468–70, 476

Prigogine, Ilya 219, 230, 233

primatology 281–82, 313

printing press 423, 432

priority 341

probability 147–48

Proclus 425

Prodi, Giorgio 402

Prometheus 349–50, 356, 479

property 244–46

Propp, Vladimir 398

Protazanov, Yakov 488

proton 181, 189

Proust, Marcel 55, 195, 209

proxy data 71, 72

prytanea 454, 458

Pseudo-Dionysius 430

psychoanalysis 203–13;

and literature 203, 206, 208;

and science 203–13;

and mathematics 204

psychoanalytic theory 203;

vs. practice 203

psychology 401;

medieval 434

Puig, Thierry 188

Pushkin, Alexander 487–88

Pynchon, Thomas 59, 83, 153–54, 216, 230;

Gravity’s Rainbow 197

Pythagoras 158, 411, 454, 456;

Pythagoreans 423, 425

quadrivium, see liberal arts

quantum:

entanglement 197, 198;

mechanics (physics, theory) 193–94, 196–200, 204, 207–12, 525;

tunneling 186

Queneau, Raymond 163

Quintilian 427

Rabbi Nathan 136

Rabelais, François 171

Rabinow, Paul 336, 348

race:

in biology and literary studies 34, 36;

and genetics 126, 129–30, 132;

and science 314

radioactivity 21, 23–25

radium 22–25

Ragland, Ellie 211, 213

Ramachandran, V. S. 267

Ramsay, William 22, 23, 24

Rancière, Jacques 505–6

Randolph, Paschal Beverly:

Hermes Mercurius Trismegistus:

His Divine Pymander 23

random 231

rangaku see Dutch studies

rationalism 524

realism 208, 399, 479;

philosophical 402

recovery work 313–14

recursion 45–47, 220–23

redundancy 148

reflex 343

Regardie, Israel:

The Philosopher’s Stone 27

Regiomontanus 432

regulators 89

Reichenbach, Hans 364, 365

relativity 193–94, 197–98, 510, 525

religion 343

Renaissance 136, 138, 172, 415;

early 424–36

Renn, Jürgen 337, 347

replication 32

reproduction 30–33, 124, 126, 129;

technologies of 315–17;

assisted 316–17

Reuchlin Johann, 427

Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg 336–37, 341, 345, 347–48

rhetoric 199

rhizome 38

Ricci, Nino:

The Origin of Species 34

Richards, Robert J. 342, 348

Richardson, Alan 77, 82

Ricoeur, Paul 63

Ricou, Laurie 108

Ridley, Matt 126

Ritvo, Harriet 255

Robinson, Kim Stanley 73, 74;

Forty Signs of Rain 73;

Fifty Degrees Below 73;

Sixty Days and Counting 73

robots 7, 8, 9

rock music 154

Rodchenko, Alexander 489

Roentgen, Wilhelm 513

Roesle, Philippe 154

Rohrer, Heinrich 186

Romantic:

period 136, 138–43;

poets 53, 55;

science, 466–67

Romanticism (movement) 30–33, 172–74, 206, 460, 462–73

Rosicrucianism 19, 20, 23

Rothfels, Nigel 256

Rothko, Mark 270

Rothman, Barbara 126

Rotman, Brian 159, 167

Roubaud, Jacques 165

Rouse, Joseph 276

Royal Society of London 444–46, 449

Rozhdestvensky, Robert 491

Rucker, Rudy 183;

Software 9;

Wetware 9;

Freeware 9;

Realware 9;

Postsingular 12;

The Hacker and the Ants 12

rupture, epistemological 336, 344

Rushdie, Salman 523

Ruskin, John 265–66

Russ, Joanna 29, 280–81;

The Female Man 317

Russell, Bertrand 155–56

Russia 486–96

Russian:

Conceptualists 491;

Formalism 152, 397, 401

Rutherford, Ernest 21, 23, 24, 181, 186

Rutherford-Bohr atom 181, 183

Sacks, Oliver 47–48, 60

sacrifice 452, 454

Sagan, Dorion 227, 229, 231, 234, 235

Saiber, Arielle 159

Saint-Hilaire, Étienne Geoffroy 30

Salen, Katie, and Eric Zimmerman 324, 327, 334

Salutati, Coluccio 429

Sarton, George 344

satire 436

Saussure, Ferdinand de 291, 396–98;

Cours de linguistique générale 396–97

Savérien, Alexandre 339

Sayers, Dorothy L. 56

Schiebinger, Londa 276

Schlögel, Karl 493

Schnackenberg, Gjertrud:

Darwin in 1881 33

Schneider, Eric 227, 229, 231, 235

scholasticism 18, 399, 400

Schopenhauer, Arthur 269, 368

Schrödinger, Erwin 228–29;

cat 193

Schweighauser, Philipp 152

science:

ancient terms for 409–10, 424;

beauty in 194, 200–1;

cenoscopic 404;

and God 524;

hard and soft 146;

ideoscopic 404;

unity of 498

science fiction 385–95;

and alchemy 25, 26;

and biology 30, 33, 39;

and ecology108–9;

and genetics 128–31;

and mathematics 166;

and nanotechnology 181–83, 186, 190;

and thermodynamics 230;

and agricultural studies 246–47, 251;

and cultural science studies 280–82;

and feminist science studies 317–18;

and postmodernism 525–27

science studies 312–14;

critical 525;

cultural 525;

feminist 312–22;

postcolonial 100–1

science wars 287, 296, 525

scientific:

investigation 17, 18, 20;

romance 478

scientific revolution 17–19, 438–61, 476

Scott, Ridley 375, 526

Scott, Sir Walter 30, 116

Seaman, Amanda 506

Sebeok, Thomas A. 396, 400, 401–4

second law see thermodynamics

Second Life (video game) 323

Secord, James 116

selection:

in information theory 147;

natural see evolution

self see subject

self-maintenance 89

self-organization 230–31, 233, 234, 236, 525;

see also systems

self-reference 220–23, 230

self-reflexivity 236

self-similarity 198

semantic:

receiver 148–49;

web 86, 303, 306–8

semantics 146, 149–50

semiology 397–99, 400–4

semiosis 399

semiosphere 490

semiotics 146, 396–406

Seneca (the younger) 415

serialization 32

Serres, Michel 146, 151, 288, 294

Severn, Elizabeth 27

sex/gender 314;

debates 312;

and technology 315, 317

sexology 33

sexual selection 119

sexuality 30, 33

Shakespeare, William 18, 131, 196;

and mathematics 159, 161;

and medicine 170, 173;

Winter’s Tale 18–19

Shannon, Claude E. 145–55;

impact on literary, cultural, and media theory 151–52;

and Warren Weaver 229;

see also information theory

Sharf, Robert 503

Sheeler, Charles 509

Shelley, Mary 29, 68, 129, 315, 478;

Frankenstein 5, 6–7, 33, 280, 315, 350, 462–63

Shelley, Percy Bysshe 6, 136, 137, 170, 173, 193, 206

Sherlock Holmes 56, 140, 141

Shimazaki Toson 506

Shklovsky, Victor 272

Shreeve, James 126

Siberian expeditions 486–87

Siegert, Bernhard 152

signal-to-noise ratio 146

signs 157;

signified 397, 398, 401;

signifier 396–97, 398, 401;

see also semiotics

Silberer, Herbert 27

Simcity (video game) 325, 332

Simmel, Georg 342

simulacrum, simulation 526, 527

Sinclair, Clive 523

Sinyavksy, Andrei 491

Sitwell, Edith 27

Smalley, Richard 183

Smith, Charlotte 467, 470–71

Smith, Henry Nash 243, 251

Smith, Julie Ann 380

Smollett, Tobias 171, 173

Snow, C. P. 30–31, 36, 113, 169, 177, 264, 266, 409, 486;

The Two Cultures xv, 30, 470, 471

sociobiology see biologisms

sociology, in game studies 324, 331, 333

sociosemiotics 404

Soddy, Frederick 21–25;

The Interpretation of Radium 25

Sokal affair 146, 154 n3, 200, 287, 525

Sollers, Philippe 398

Solomonoff, Ray 145

Solso, Robert 267

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander 489

someness, 45

sophia 409–10

Sophocles 209

Sorokin, Vladimir 491

sound inscription 357–58

sovereign power 503

species 32–35

speech, common 136, 138

Spencer, Herbert 33, 112–13

Spiderman 130

Spinoza, Baruch 158, 161

spiritualism 20, 21, 27

Spivak, Gayatry Chakravorty 36

Spolsky, Ellen 77, 79, 80, 82

square 162

Squier, Susan M.:

and cultural science studies 276, 277

St. Augustine 399

Stacey, Jackie 132

Stapleton, Olaf 130

Star Trek 90, 93–95;

First Contact (film) 95;

The Next Generation 375

Stark, Lawrence 267

Starkey, George 18

Starzl, R. F. 188

Stefans, Brian Kim 87, 303, 305

Stein, Gertrude 514, 515

Steingraber, Sandra 107

Steinkuehler, Constance 326

Stengers, Isabelle 345–46

Stepanova, Fedorovna, 489

Stephenson, George 475

Stephenson, Lionel 112

Stephenson, Neal 153, 183, 439;

The Diamond Age 318;

Snow Crash 283

Sterling, Bruce 129, 375

Sterne, Laurence 165, 173, 193, 298

Stevenson, Robert Louis 479

Stiegler, Bernard 356–57

stoicism 416, 419 n34;

see also Posidonius

Stoker, Bram 23:

The Jewel of Seven Stars 23–24

Stoppard, Tom 59;

Hapgood 198

story telling 281–82

Strand, Paul 509

strange attractors 196

Straus, Erwin 335

Strickland, Stefanie 303

Stross, Charles:

Accelerand 12, 13

structuralism 32, 36, 288, 398, 400

structure 158–59

Strugatsky, Arkady and Boris, 490

Stubbs, George 247

Sturgeon, Theodore 188

Sturtevant, A. H. 126

Sturzheim, Johann Gaspar 33

Stuttgart School of media theory 152

style 366, 369

Suarez, Daniel:

Daemon 13

subject 33, 37;

subjectivity 398

sublime 142, 332, 457

Sudhoff, Karl 344

Sumerians 135, 136

sun 227, 228, 232

Suprematism 489

sustainability 65–66, 72

Suzuki Sadami 502

swarm intelligence 96

Swift, Graham 523

Swift, Jonathan 183, 193

symbolist poetry 272

symptom 399

systems:

allopoietic 90;

biological 228, 229, 235, 236;

of classification 312;

concept of 214;

closed 219, 226, 227;

communication 217, 223;

complex 96, 229;

control 216–20;

cultural 231;

and deconstruction 288, 291, 294–96;

dynamical 215–16;

ecology 233;

living 214, 230, 234;

observing 214;

open 218–22, 226, 228, 229;

psychic 214, 223;

self-referential 220–23;

self-organizing 218–19;

semiotic 397;

social 214, 218, 223;

thermodynamical 215–20, 232, 233, 235

systems theory 84–85, 151, 214–25, 228, 526;

cybernetic 216–20, 402, 490;

versus deconstruction 78;

General System Theory 218;

neocybernetic 220–23;

second-order 220–23

Szanto, G. H. 77–79, 81

Szilárd, Leó 26, 145

Tabbi, Joseph 298

Taine, John 29

Tartaglia, Niccolò 429

Tartu-Moscow School 403

Tatlin, Vladimir, 489

taxonomy:

in biology 29, 31, 34–35;

in literary history 31, 34–36

Taylor, F.W. 510

Taylor, T.L. 332, 334

techne 249, 409, 417 n1

technics and media 352–60

technocracy 524

technoculture 525

technological innovation 475f

technology 244, 247–51;

digital information 527;

game 328;

medieval and early renaissance 431–32

technoscience xvi, 5, 315;

capitalism and 524–25, 527

Tel Quel 398

teleology 234

teleportation 526

Teller, Astro:

exegesis 5

temporal lag 501–2

temporalization 338

Tennyson, Alfred Lord 139, 249, 259;

In Memoriam 116

text:

textuality and textile 287, 290–92, 294–96;

readerly/writerly 522

theater 431

theology 449, 451–59

Theosophical Society 20, 21, 22

thermodynamics 146, 147, 226–38:

first law of 226;

equilibrium in 228, 229, 231;

heat death 216–17;

literary treatments/narratives of 227–28;

non-equilibrium 219, 227, 229, 231–32, 234–35;

second law of 153, 215, 219, 226, 227, 229, 231, 235;

see also entropy;

systems thermostat 89, 91

Theunissen, Michael 335, 348

thing 400

Thirsk, Joan 255

Thomas, D.M. 523

Thomas, Keith 255, 453

Thomson, James 139, 457

Thomson, Rosemarie Garland 244–45

Thoreau, Henry David 102, 135, 140, 141

Tillman, Lynne 79

time 63–74, 338;

abyss of 138, 139, 143;

climatological 63–64, 69, 72–74;

embodied 63–64;

historical 63–64;

industrialization of 509–11, 514–15;

measurement of 338

Timp, Gregory 188

Tiptree, James Jr. 280

Tokugawa period 499

Tollett, Elizabeth:

Hypatia 457

Tolstoy, Leo 345, 488

Tom Swift 141

topology 208, 211;

in Lacan 211

Tosca, Susanna 326

Tour, James M. 190

Toxoplasma Gondii 261–62

tradition 497–98

traditional ecological knowledges (TEK) 100, 106–7

transcendentalism 68–69

transclusion:

versus hyperlinks 300

transdisciplinarity 91

transformism 113

transmigration of souls 451

transmission models of communication 149–50

transmutation 17, 19, 22, 23, 24–25;

evolutionary 113;

as spiritual transformation 21, 27

Treviranus, Gottfried Reinhold 29

Trifonov, Yuri, 492

trivium see liberal arts

Trouern-Trend, Jonathan:

Birding Babylon 34

Tsukamoto, Shinya 375

Turing test 5

Turner, Nancy J. 107

Turner, Stephanie 131

Tvestaeva, Marina 489

Twain, Mark 184

Twine, Nanette 503

two cultures see culture

Uexküll, Jakob von 402–3

Uexküll, Thure von 402–3

Ulanowicz, Robert 235

Ullmann, Ellen:

The Bug 9, 10–11

Umwelt 261, 402–3, 404

uncertainty 147–48

unconscious, the 203–13;

as thinking 208–10,

as the un-thinkable 210–11

unification of speech and writing 503–4, 506

uniformitarianism 139, 143

universal book 300

universalism 521, 525

universality 47–48;

of language 303–4;

of mathematics 305

Updike, John 55, 197–98;

Roger’s Version 198

urbanism 243, 248

utilitarianism 480

utopia 182, 183, 189;

and dystopia 527

Vaihinger, Hans 366

Valentine, Basil 23:

Triumphal Chariot of Antimony 22

Valéry, Paul 343

Valla, Giorgio 427

Varela, Francisco 38, 221–22, 231

Varley, John 280

Varro (Marcus Terentius) 415

Velazquez, Diego 267, 269

Venter, Craig 36, 126

Verdú 145

Vergerio, Pier Paolo, 429

vernacular 504–5;

vernacularization 436

Vernadsky, Vladimir, 489–90

Verne, Jules 488

Vesalius, Andreas 423

Vienna Circle 364, 365

Vincent of Beauvais 426, 435

Vincent, Hal 188

Vinci, Leonardo da 137, 273, 430, 431–32, 435

Vinge, Vernor 11, 13;

“the technological singularity” 11–12, 13;

Rainbows End 11–13

Virgil 416–17

virtual:

reality 94;

worlds and environments 323, 327, 328, 333

virtuality 332

virtualization 526

Visible Human project 318

vision science 270

visualization 342

vita activa 423

vita contemplative 423

vitalism 6, 219

Vitruvius 415, 431

Vogt, A. E. van 128

Voltaire 136, 487

voluntarism 449

Vonnegut, Kurt 58

Voznesensky, Andrey 491

Vygotsky, Lev 490

Waite, A.E. 18, 21, 22, 23;

The Book of Lambspring 18;

The Hermetic Museum Restored and Enlarged 18;

Hermetic and Alchemical Writings of … Paracelsus 22

wakon yôsai see Japanese spirit, Western techniques

Wald, Elijah 127

Wald, Priscilla 131

Waldby, Catherine 318

Walker, Alice 46–47

Wallace, Alfred Russel 117

Wallace, David Foster 79, 153

Wallace, Kathleen 106

Walls, Laura Dassow 102

Walton, Linda 476

Wambaugh, Joseph 56

Warner, Marina 266–67

Warrington Academy 468–69

Watson, James 125–26, 128;

The Double Helix 39

Watt, James 475

Waugh, Patricia 523, 528

Weaver, Warren 145–55

Weber, Bruce H. 228, 232–34

Wedgwood, Josiah 474, 476

Weinberg, Stephen 194, 201

Weiner, Jonathan 126

Weisman, August 124

Welby, Victoria (Lady) 400

Wellbery, David 351

Wells, H. G. 60, 128, 153, 216, 479:

and alchemy 26, 27;

and biology 29, 31;

The Island of Doctor Moreau 5;

The Time Machine 121, 227–28;

War of the Worlds 71;

The World Set Free 26

Werner, Abraham Gottlob 135, 137, 138, 142

Wertenbaker, G. Peyton 181

Westcott, Wynn 21

Weston, Jesse 515

wetware 93

Wharton, Edith:

The House of Mirth 228, 229

Whewell, William 339, 348, 363

Whiston, William 453

White, Eric 230

Whitehead, Alfred North:

and history of science 335, 346, 348;

and modernism 510, 514–15;

Process and Reality 515;

Science and the Modern World 515

Whitman, Walt 508, 509, 516

Whole Earth Catalog 219–20

Wicken, Jeffrey 235, 229–30, 231–32

Wiener, Norbert 15, 89, 92, 145, 154n2, 490

Wilczek, Frank 44

Wilhelm, Kate:

Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang 316

Wilkins, Maurice 125

William of Conches 431

William of Ockham 427

Williams, C. K. 31

Williams, Charles:

War in Heaven 24

Williams, Raymond 249, 252, 257;

Culture and Society 242

Williams, Terry Tempest 106

Williams, William Carlos 171, 177, 510, 512

Williamson, Jack 189

Wilson, E. O. 264

Wilson, Jason 325–26

Winograd, Terry and Fernando Flores 94

Winstanley, Gerard 244

Winterson, Jeanette 79, 197–98;

Gut Symmetries 198

withness 48

Wittgenstein, Ludwig 158, 364, 365, 367, 368

Wolf, Mark J. P. 327, 333

Wolfe, Cary 85–86, 257, 378, 379, 381

Wolfram, Stephen 43–44

women 242–44, 249, 251–52;

and gender studies, 246–47;

in science 312, 318–19;

town life of 243;

writers 243

Woolf, Bernard:

Limbo 283

Woolf, Virginia 79–80, 195, 515;

Mrs. Dalloway 511, 513–14;

To the Lighthouse 513–14

Woolgar, Steve 276

Wordsworth, Dorothy 33

Wordsworth, William 52–53, 55, 138, 140, 172–73

world soul 450, 456

World of Warcraft (video game) 326

writing 356;

constrained 84;

and code 302, 305–6;

invention of 354–55;

and the pharmakon 349–50

Wutz, Michael 85, 298

Xenophanes 411, 418 nn8, 9

X-Men 130

Yeats, W.B. 21

Yevtushenko, Yevgeny 491

Yoko Tsuno 94

Younger Dryas 64, 74

Youngquist, Paul 245, 251

Zabriskie, George 254, 260

Zammito, John H. 337, 348

Zamyatin, Yevgeny 228, 489

Zangemeister, Wolfgang 267

Zavyalov, Sergei 493

Zeki, Semir 267, 268

zero 159, 429

Zhmud’, Leonid J. 338

Zola, Émile 34, 55

zoology 29, 31, 38, 402

zoosemiotics 402

Zunshine, Lisa 80