Index

achheta 72, 73, 95, 147

adhar sila 81

agena 49, 51, 147

ancestors, worship of 125–6

architechnē 141–4

and architecture 144

architecture

and architechnē 144

and space 5

theories 5–6

see also domestic architecture

argha 71, 72, 130, 147

ashrāma 3, 31

ashuddha 112, 147

astadal 44, 80, 147

auspiciousness

house building 42–3, 74

meaning 40

spatial 43–4, 70

temporal 41–3

Banaspati VDC

location 39

map 38

view 39

Bangshawali 78, 147

Bartaman 55, 72, 112n2, 114, 147

Bhai Tika ritual 116

Bhairab 4

Bhaktapur 2

Bhumi Puja ritual 76, 82

bindhu 22, 23, 92

definition 147

birth, planetary influences 42

‘bodily hexis’ 11, 93

body, and space 93–4

body image 93

boksis 98–9, 100

boundaries, house 47

Bourdieu, Pierre 93

theory of practice 10

Brahma 22, 27, 30, 34n10, 148

Brahmacharya 3, 31, 32, 148

Brasilia 8

calendar, Nepali 88n15

caste, and impurity 97

Chhetri caste 1, 148

see also Kholagaun Chhetris

circle, significance 23

cosmology, daily forms of 93–101

courtyard, activities 102–3, 139n17

Damai caste 97, 101, 102, 148

Darshan 55

deities, house entrance 57–9

illustrations 60

design considerations, domestic architecture 141–2

Devi 4, 58, 98, 124, 125, 143

dharma 3, 4, 94, 95, 148

Dhuri ritual 86

Dio 72

domestic architecture 7–8

design considerations 141–2

processes 69–70

domestic mandala

centre of 91–3, 124–6, 133–5

concentric configuration 102

as knowledge source 111, 136, 144

space modes 141

domestic space

elements 17

mandala as 17–33

modes 24

see also house

‘dwelling’ concept, Heidegger 8–9, 141

explicit knowledge, vs tacit knowledge 12–13

Fabian, Johannes 12

five, number, significance 80–1

food

and impurity 95, 97, 100, 101, 103, 105–6, 108, 109, 110, 111, 114, 123, 134, 142

offering 76, 80, 100, 132

preparation 11, 13, 38, 61, 135

Ganesh 57–8, 60, 72, 126, 142

Ganga 59, 60

ghar 1, 14n1, 148

ghosts, disembodied, harm 99–101

gift giving rituals 132–3

glossary 147–51

Grihastha 3, 31, 149

Heidegger, Martin 142

Dasein 8–9

‘dwelling’ concept 8–9, 141

on truth 143

Hinduism, deities 3

hom 3, 117, 140n20, 149

homologies 4, 118, 123, 133, 136

horoscopes

house 57

house building 75, 76, 79–80

Vastu Shastra 29–30

see also planets

house

agena 49, 51

boundaries 47

centre, determination of 38–9

compound wall 111

courtyard 102–3

demarcation 60–4

horoscopes 57

location/orientation 53–4

main entrance

deities represented 57–9

importance of 38, 53

as threshold 57–60

mandala as 1, 30

modern 48

ground floor 52

kitchen 110

room arrangement 62–3

worship room (puja) 62

orientation 64

orientation

factors 53–7

and kinship 56–7

and public thoroughfares 47, 55–6

pillars 49–52, 78

and public thoroughfares 47

rectangular 79

size 46–7

sleeping rooms 106–8

illustration 107

sun orientation 54–5

traditional 45, 46

ground floor 50, 61

kitchen 61

activities 108–10

orientation 64, 93

materials 49

sleeping rooms 62

upper floor 61–2

worship room (puja) 63

orientation 64

verandah 103–6

as yantra 46–64, 142

see also house building

house building 73–87

auspiciousness 74

construction stages 74

Dhuri 86

foundations 78–82

horoscopes 75, 76, 79–80

inhabiting the house 82–3

positioning the house 77–8

Rudri Puja 83–5

site

assessment 74–6

preparation 76

and temporal auspiciousness 42–3, 74

Toran Banne 85–6

Householders 4, 40

Kholagaun Chhetris as 31–2, 94

lifeworld 12

sacred duties 94

human attributes, and planets 41–2

Husserl, Edmund 9

impurity

as attachment 96–7

and caste 97

and food 95, 97, 100, 101, 103, 105–6, 108, 109, 110, 111, 114, 123, 134, 142

and kitchen 109

and purity 95

rice 103, 105

Jag Puja ritual 52, 80, 82

purpose 80–1

jayga 117–19, 126–7, 128, 130, 133, 134, 149

illustration 118

mandala shape 118–19

kalash 80, 81, 139n14

see also vessels

Kali 4

karma 94

Kathmandu 2

Kathmandu Valley 39

as mandala 2, 33n1, 125

map 2

Nepal Mandala 17–18

religious syncretism 2

Kholagaun Chhetris 1, 2

cardinal directions 29

female divinities 3

as Householders 31–2, 94

lifeworld 4, 11, 13–14, 31, 33

religious syncretism 3, 4

tacit knowledge, verification 14

tantric themes 3–4

Kholagaun hamlet 39–40

house location/orientation 54

kinship, and house orientation 56–7

kitchen

activities 108–10

arrivals 129–33

bride’s 130–2

groom’s 130

schematic diagram 131

departures

bride’s 127–8

groom’s 126–7

schematic diagram 129

illustrations 61, 110

and impurity 109

in marriage rituals 122–3, 124, 126–35, 137

orientation 64, 93

kundali 75–6

definition 149

illustration 75

see also horoscopes

Laxshmi 58, 83, 136

Le Corbusier 5, 37

Levy, Robert 2

life stages 31

lifeworld

Householders 12

Kholagaun Chhetris 4, 11, 13–14, 31, 33

meaning 12

mandala

configuration 24

as cosmological map 18–25, 119, 136

decoding 6

definition 17, 23–4, 149

domestic space, as 17–33

house as 1, 30

illustrations 19, 26

Kathmandu Valley, 2, 33n1, 125

shape, jayga 118–19

yantra, compared 19–22, 23–5, 33n4

see also domestic mandala; vastu

purusha mandala; yantra

mandap 44, 85

definition 149

illustration 84

mantra 4, 71, 99

marriage rituals 11, 114–17, 122–37

kitchen in 122–3, 124, 126–35, 137

location 120, 121

movement 124

purbanga rites 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 133, 139n13

rice in 123, 135

rites of passage 122–4

rites of separation 122–3

space 123

maya 22, 31, 32, 37

definition 149

meaning, and space 5

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 10, 93, 94

Phenomenology of Perception 9

mesocosm 4, 30

moksha 3, 22, 31, 37

month, first day, significance 82

Mother Goddesses, worship 124–5

mul 49, 50, 149

murti 71, 72, 80, 85

definition 150

nag 58–9

dealing with 77–8, 143

definition 150

naming 134, 140n22

Narayanhiti Royal Palace 59

Newars 2, 17, 18, 59

Nwaran rite 134, 150

Parabatiyas 1–2, 150

Patan 2

phenomenology, consciousness 9–10

planets

and human attributes 41–2

influence on birth 42

see also horoscopes

Polanyi, Michael 12–13, 14, 144

prosperity, and spatial harmony 29

public thoroughfares, and house orientation 47, 55–6

Puja 3

meaning 70, 150

performance 72–3

purpose 70–1

see also Jag Puja ritual; rituals

purbanga rites, marriage rituals 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 133, 139n13

purity

and danger 100–1

as detachment 95–6

and impurity 95

Purusha 21, 22, 25, 26, 28, 30, 66n20, 150

raksa-bandhan 85, 86, 150

rekhi 20, 23, 150

rice

impurity 103, 105

in marriage rituals 123, 135

Rig Veda 21

rites of aggregation 123

rites of passage 3, 20, 23, 44, 72, 117, 149, 150

marriage rituals 122–4

rituals 72–3

Bhai Tika 116

Bhumi Puja 76, 82

Dhuri 86

Jag Puja 52, 80, 82

marriage 11, 114–17, 122–37

Rudri Puja 82, 83–5, 86–7

Toran Banne 85–6

vessels 72, 80

see also Puja

Rudri Puja ritual 82, 83–5

description 86–7

yantras 84, 85

see also Shiva

sagun 126, 127

sakti 3

samsara 3, 22, 31, 37, 150

samskara 117, 138n5, 151

sankranti 82

Sanyasin 3, 31

Saraswati 58, 60

‘seeing her face’ ritual 135

serpent deities 58, 74

sexuality 116–17

shakti 98, 99, 114, 116, 133, 151

Shesha Nag 58

Shiva 3, 4, 151

linga 83

Solah Shraddha ritual 100

space

and architecture 5

and body 93–4

and meaning 5

see also domestic space

spatial harmony, and prosperity 29

square, significance 22–3, 34n7

Sri yantra 81, 82, 85

sun orientation, house 54–5

tacit knowledge

verification 14

vs explicit knowledge 12–13

Tantrism

content 2–3

definition 21

technē, meaning 143–4

temple, square 79

Thakuri caste 2

theory of practice, Bourdieu 10

threshold, main entrance as 57–60

Tihar festival 132, 139n19

tika 71, 73, 85, 116, 126, 128, 130, 131

definition 151

toran 60, 85–6, 89n20

definition 151

Toran banne ritual 85–6

truth, Heidegger on 143

Vanaprastha 3, 31, 151

vastu purusha mandala 26

components 26

configurations 27

definition 151

with deities 27

master plan 37

Vastu Shastra 6, 18, 25–30, 34n10

and cosmic knowledge 30

horoscopes 29–30

sacred geography 28–9

vastu vidya 6, 151

Vedas 3

verandah 104

activities 103–6

function 104

vessels, in rituals 72, 80

Vishnu 3, 58, 83

wedding procession 127–8

illustration 127

witches, curse of 98–9, 100

Yama 55, 116

Yamuna 59, 60

yantra

definition 151

house as 46–64, 142

mandala, compared 19–22, 23–5, 33n4

Rudri Puja ritual 84, 85

see also mantra; yantric configuration

yantric configuration 7, 27, 46, 52, 54, 76, 77, 91, 108, 118

polygon 24, 28

purpose 70

Zaire 12