Page numbers refer to the print edition.
Arabic surnames prefixed by al or el are alphabetized under the element following the particle.
Abdel-Rahman, Omar, 119, 122–25, 128, 138, 143, 176
Accountability Review Board: Nairobi, 69–73, 82–83, 91; Benghazi, 200, 202, 203
Afghanistan: 1989 events in, 122–25; al-Qaeda in, 60; bin Laden in, 114; invasion of, 30, 115, 118, 198
Africa Bureau, 7, 8, 38, 141, 160, 194
after-action report (AAR): by GAO, 184; by 9/11 Commission, 184, 186; and Dick Clarke, 185
Ahmed, Mustafa, walk-in by, 71, 82, 166–67, 183, 191
Albright, Madeleine, F12, 12, 13, 38, 40, 47, 57–58, 142, 159
Alec Station, 151, 155, 159, 163, 164, 185
Aliganga, Jessie “Nathan,” 11, 50, 73, 74
ambassador’s residence: Boomer bash at, 41; in Guatemala, 95; holiday rituals at, 80; memorial garden at, 84; memorial service at, 49–50; musical evenings, 98; protection of, 55; town meetings at, 161
American colleagues, 10, 13, 47, 49, 84–85, 91
American International Schools, 21, 23, 25, 27, 60, 79
Arlington National Cemetery marker, F29
Bartley, Jay, 15
Bartley, Julian, 13, 15, 16,17, 47, 50
al-Bashir, Omar, 131, 149, 153, 162
Benghazi compound, 199, 200, 201, 202, 207
Berger, Sandy, 155, 159, 162, 163, 177, 185
bin Laden, Osama, 60, 70: and Abdel-Rahman, 123; and al-Zawahiri, 123; article about, 79–80; attacks against U.S. by, 140, 160; base expansion by, 143–44; charges against, 73, 169, 177; declaration of war by, 133, 218; fatwa issued by, 169, 171, 189; interview with CNN, 176–77; in Khartoum, 153; killing of, 198–99; on Most Wanted List, 185; moves to Afghanistan, 157; moves to Sudan, 131–32; press conference hosted by, 176; and Saudi Arabia, 114, 131, 145; strategy of, 222; terrorist networks managed by, 100–101
Bipartisan Policy Center, 223
Blind Sheikh. See Abdel-Rahman, Omar
Bombay, author’s move to, 33–34
bombing, Nairobi: chaos and rubble from, 44; compensation award for, 206; death toll due to, 15, 99; farewell to Americans killed in, F1; indictment against people for, 100; media coverage of, 44; New York Times article about, 81–82
bombings: and bomb-response teams, 8, 17, 45; East Africa, 91, 101, 184, 197; at Khobar Towers, 156–57; at U.S. embassies, F1, 11, 30, 160; at World Trade Center, 81, 101, 128, 137, 138; in Yemen, 134
Bomer, Ellen, 77
Boswell, Eric, 172, 175, 191, 201
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 117, 118
Buckley, Richard, 7, 28, 29; as CLO, 33; in Guatemala, F21, 93–95; in Bailey’s Crossroads, 106; at Marine Corps Ball, F27; in Nairobi, 40–41, 43, 48, 56, 58, 74–75, 78; networks formed by, 66–67; at New York trial, 101, 103, 152; in Senegal, 31–32, 122, 134, 136; television appearance by, 52; in U.S., 158; with USAID, 32; as a volunteer, 41, 160
Bush, George H.W., 127, 130–31, 133–34, 218
Bushnell, Bernice Dufie, F7, 21; in Cooperstown, 29; death of, 113; in France, F3, 23–24; in Germany, 19–21; visit to Nairobi, 80
Bushnell, Gerry, F7, 21; in Berlin, 19; death of, 113; and foreign service, 22; in France, F3; retirement of, 29–31; visit to Dakar by, 36; visit to Nairobi, 80
Bushnell, Prudence: articles written by, 193, 202; as bilingual secretary, 27–28; birthday celebrations, 217; in Bombay, 33–34; cake-cutting ceremony, F8; called to testify, 100; childhood of, F7, F26, 19–21, 22–26; in Dallas, 29; as DAS, 37–38, 141; as DCM, 35–36; as dean, 106; demonstrations against, 97–98, 104; as director, 121; embassy management, 178–80; EMDR practiced by, 114; enters Foreign Service, 30–31, 119; first job of, 26; gift for, F19, 75, 89; good-bye event for, 89; in Guatemala, F20, 93–94; in her garden, F15; holding Ka-Bar knife, F13; in Kenya, F23, F24, F25; with Jesse Jackson, F22; and knitting, 114, 207; laying wreath at bomb site, F11; and leadership issues, 122, 193–94, 199; with Madeleine Albright, F12; and management training and skills, 28, 32, 34; at Marine Corps Ball, F8, F27; and media, 89; in Nairobi, 40–41; at NASA, 29–30; in New York, 29; parents of, F3, F7; performance appraisal of, 72, 174–76; with President Moi, F28; promotion of, 32, 33; and Reiki treatments, 68; resentment issue, 22, 61, 65; retirement of, 109; with Riz Khaliq, F2; in Senegal, 31–32, 129–36; with sister, F4, F5, F6; speaking and training, 113, 192–93, 203–4; and Susan Rice, F18, 61; views on terrorists, 146–47; as a volunteer, 192; in Washington, DC, 38–40; wildlife sightseeing by, 83; and William Crowe, 69–70; and William Daley, F14
Bushnell, Susan, F7, 20–23, 26
Carney, Timothy, 154
Carter, Jimmy, 28, 30, 115, 117, 118, 119
Cato Institute, 220–21
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 81, 119–20, 230n3; CIA-FBI team, 70, 81, 163, 179
chancery building, 5–7, 10–11, 15, 41, 72, 179
civilian casualties, 199, 212, 218
Clarke, Richard, 39, 139, 153, 154, 162, 230n42
Clinton, Bill, 14, 40, 134, 137, 142–43, 159; administration, 67, 96, 140, 154, 203
Clinton, Hillary, 114, 198, 202, 203; and email server issue, 204, 206, 210
Cohen, Bonnie, 12, 62, 66, 72, 175
Cold War, 20, 94, 117, 133, 134, 142
Comprehensive Employment and Training Assistance Act, 29
conflict resolution strategies, 147–48
Cooperative Bank Building, 3, 44, 86, 103, 199
counterterrorism operations, 142, 148, 151, 184, 191, 213
Counterterrorism Security Group (CSG), 142, 143, 146, 153, 171
coup d’état, 8, 26, 36, 94, 115
Crowe, William J., 69, 73, 82, 184
Dakar, Senegal, 132–36
Daley, William, F14, 77, 78, 178–80
Dar es Salaam, 11, 73, 100, 177–78, 180–81, 183
The Diary of Anne Frank, 22
diplomatic facilities, 33, 71, 82, 114, 200
Diplomatic Readiness program, 107–8
Diplomatic Security, 58, 158, 170, 172, 191, 200–202
disaster relief funds, 58, 63, 79, 85–86, 217
Don Ricardo. See Buckley, Richard
Dufie. See Bushnell, Bernice Dufie (mother)
East Africa bombings, 91, 101, 184, 191, 197
evacuations, 7, 45, 46, 60, 194, 195
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), 114
families of victims, 61, 91, 92
al-Farooq Mosque, 123, 128, 137, 138
fatwa, 133, 157, 165, 169, 170, 176
Fazul, Haroun, 160, 164–65, 171–72, 176, 178–82
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI): agents, 45, 48, 151, 152, 156, 174; FBI-CIA cooperation, 153, 166; CIA-FBI team, 70, 81, 163, 179
financial crisis of 2008, 189, 198
Fitzgerald, Patrick, 103, 152, 155, 165–66
Fleet Antiterrorism Support Team (FAST), 55, 64
Foreign Service: culture of, 31; entry level program, 30; and evacuation issues, 60; warning issued by, 218; and war on terrorism, 218–23; and “wives” in employees’ evaluations, 27, 32; women in, 19
Foreign Service Institute, 106, 109, 121, 196, 209
France, transfer to, 21–23
Freeh, Louis, 47, 59, 142, 156, 177, 185
French-language program, 32–33
fundamentalist Islam, 118, 120, 121, 124, 170
al-Gama’a al-Islamiyya, 123, 138
Germany, transfer to, 19–21
goals, developing trust through, 194–95
ground zero, 8, 11, 13, 14, 43, 194
Guatemala: ambassador’s residence in, 95; author’s move to, 93–94; media coverage of, 105; priorities in, 94–97; U.S. past in, 94
el-Hage, Wadih, 70, 81–82, 100, 132, 163–64, 183–84
al-Haramain organization, 71, 166, 167, 173
Hezbollah organization, 73, 101, 131, 144, 145, 154
human rights, 30, 31, 96–98, 117, 207, 222
I-49 Squad, 151, 157, 159, 163, 165, 169
“iLEAD” group, 209
India, author’s move to, 33–34
infidels, 118, 122, 123, 127, 131, 176
intellectual property rights, 96–97
intelligence community, 71, 116, 151, 163, 184, 206
International Islamic Front, 170, 176
Islamic Army for the Liberation of Holy Places, 43, 180
Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), 206, 216, 220, 221, 223
Israeli Defense Forces, F11, 44
jihad and jihadists: and al-Qaeda, 124, 131; call for, 30, 118, 176, 223; fatwa issued by, 170, 171; homegrown, 216
Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF), 127, 128, 151
Justice Department, 142, 151, 207
Kamotho, Joseph, 3
Karachi, Pakistan, 23, 24, 36, 52, 74
Kennedy, Pat, 53, 66, 200, 201, 212
“Kennedy Air Lift,” 224
Kenyan colleagues, 8, 50–51, 79, 91, 104
Kenyan community, 8, 17, 45, 79, 161
Kenya Wildlife Service, 68, 83
Khobar Towers bombing, 156–57, 159
Khomeini, Ayatollah, 30, 115, 121, 131
al-Kifah Refugee Center, 124, 125, 128, 132, 137, 156
Kuwait, invasion of, 127, 130, 131
Lake, Tony, 40, 137, 143, 154, 155, 159
leadership: and management, 193; nurturing culture of, 195–96; promotion of, 199; seminars, 108, 109, 147, 202; training for, 107, 122, 205, 209
management and leadership, 193
Marine Corps birthday ball, F8, F27, 73, 74
marines: about, 10, 11, 13, 14; FAST, 55, 64, 66, 80, 88; at memorial service, 51
media coverage: of embassy bombing, 44; in Guatemala, 105; in Nairobi, 89
memorial park and fountain, F16, F17, 88, 103–4
memorial service: at ambassador’s residence, 49–50; for Kenyan colleagues, 50–51; at National Cathedral, 60–61; speech at, 196
Mogadishu, battle of, 139, 165
Mohamed, Ali: as al-Qaeda trainer, 124–25, 129, 132, 133; arrest of, 183; East African task for, 140; and FBI, 138, 191; Landmarks trial of, 144–45, 159; meets Patrick Fitzgerald, 165–66; as a private, 124; security meetings arranged by, 144; subpoena issued against, 183; surveillance by, 140
Mohamed, Khalfan Khamis, 100
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, 148, 149, 150, 169
Moi, Daniel arap, F28, 40, 41, 45, 67, 88
money laundering, 105, 131, 150
Monica Lewinsky scandal, 58, 61, 66, 169, 177
Moose, George, 35, 37, 130, 141, 158, 160
Murigande, Charles, 208
Murrah Federal Building, 99, 149
Musyoka, Duncan, F9, 16, 17, 43, 180–81
Nairobi: al-Qaeda office in, 70; August 1998 events and issues, 3–18, 43–48, 48–53, 55–60, 182–86, 190–91; January 1999 events, 81–86; March-May 1999 events, 86–89; media coverage in, 89; November 1998 events in, 69–75; presidential elections in, 173, 195; author’s move to, 40–41; September-October 1998 events in, 60–69
National Cathedral, 60, 61, 62
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, 222
National Intelligence Estimate, 116, 146
national security community, 122, 134, 140, 146
National Security Council (NSC), 12, 38, 114, 119, 190, 201–2
new world order, 127, 133, 140
New Year’s Eve sundowner, 80–81
9/11 Commission, 154, 184, 186, 190, 213, 223. See also September 11, 2001 attacks
“no double-standard policy” rule, 60
NSA, 151, 155–57, 159–60, 170, 185
Odeh, Mohammed Saddiq, 100, 164, 171, 182
Office of the Inspector General, 191, 209
Oklahoma City bombing, 149, 159
Oklahoma City National Memorial, 98–99
al-Owhali, Mohamed Rashed Daoud, 100, 178–83
Pakistan, transfer to, 23–25
Peace Corps volunteers, 8, 57, 224
Pickering, Tom, 53, 66, 200, 203
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 93, 98, 113–14, 192, 205
presidential daily briefing (PDB), 184
presidential elections, 173, 195
public resentment, 78, 79, 194
al-Qaeda, 43, 59; attack on U.S. military personnel, 73; cells operated by, 70, 101, 151; formation of, 125; mission and passion of, 124; office in Nairobi, 70; purpose of, 124; revelations about, 155–56; and USS Cole, 100, 185. See also bin Laden, Osama
radio jamming, 39
radio net broadcasts, 14, 16, 161
RAD method, 68
Reiki treatments, 68
Remembrance and Recognition Ceremony, 84–85
Rice, Condoleezza, 109, 185, 197
Rice, Susan, 11, 12; and author, F18, 61; cable sent to, 66; and NSC, 201–2; at Remembrance and Recognition Ceremony, 84
Rwanda genocide, 38, 113, 193–96
Saudi government, 114, 138, 145, 153
Scheuer, Michael, 134, 139, 150, 155, 172, 185
search and rescue teams, 10, 14, 47, 48, 55
security issues, 12, 33, 53, 72, 166–67, 170
security threats, 59, 64, 72, 186, 220
September 11, 2001, attacks, 104–5; and 9/11 Commission, 154, 184, 186, 190, 213, 223
shah of Iran, 30, 115, 116, 117
Shirley, Katherine, 35, 36, 130
Smart, Annie, 28
social entrepreneurship, 206
Soviet Union, 115, 119, 123, 134
Special Operations Command (SOCOM), 221
Statue of Liberty tour, 103
Stevenson, Barbara, 219
Sudan: and al-Turabi, 117; bin Laden’s move to, 131, 132; intelligence sharing in, 170–71; and Louis Freeh, 59; as sponsor of terrorism, 138, 144
Sunni Islam, 24, 25, 27, 115, 211
Tenet, George, 140, 158, 162, 172, 181, 184
terrorist attacks, 11; on Benghazi compound, 199; at CIA headquarters, 137; at Federal building, 149; homegrown, 223; increase in, 145–46, 211–12; medium risk of, 12, 64; on U.S. embassies, 11, 30, 160; on U.S. military, 73, 101, 144; at World Trade Center, 104–5. See also bombing, Nairobi; bombings
Top Spouse. See Buckley, Richard
transnational issues, 7, 37, 141
truck bomb, 12, 60, 71, 137, 149, 170
Trump, Donald, 207, 212, 213, 215–17, 220
TWA Flight 800 explosion, 157
Ufundi House, F1, 10, 15, 44, 86, 88
Union Carbide plant, 34
United Fruit Company, 94
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), 8, 11, 13, 45, 46, 141
US v. Usama bin Laden, 100
U.S. Department of Defense: budget issues, 210, 215; flight screw up by, 46–47; impact of, 218; and “preventive defense,” 142; and radio jamming, 39
U.S. Department of State, 7, 12, 14; annual report, 146; “family meeting” at, 92; and FBI request for Sudan, 171; funding issues, 152; grand commemoration by, 91; hiring issues, 218; leadership culture in, 209; and “Lessons Learned” process, 202; and overseas building issues, 93; remembrance ceremony, 197; report on, 106–7; structural weaknesses of, 62; and travel advisory issues, 52; views on CIA, 146; warning issued by, 177
U.S. embassy: bombing at, F1, 11, 160; chipping of, 87; closing of, 79, 80; demonstrations at, 97–98; in Khartoum, 153–54, 163; New York Times article about, 81, 82; security concerns over, 12, 53, 72, 166–67, 170; in Tehran, 30; vulnerability assessment team for, 71, 171
U.S. foreign policy, 106, 109, 127, 159, 210, 222
victims: anger and stress of, 87; care for, 67, 79; and congressional mandate, 63; families of, 61, 91, 92
vulnerability assessment team, 71, 171
war on terrorism, 108, 189, 197, 206, 211, 218–23
Washington DC: memorial service in, 60–61; and Bush, 127, 130–31, 133–34; and Clinton, 142–43, 159; and Reagan, 119, 120; and rendition program, 162
weapons of mass destruction, 156, 159, 169, 189
White House: condolences from, 77, 78; holiday card from, 77; PDB for, 184; and Rwanda genocide, 38, 39
World Trade Center: 9/11 attacks on, 104–5, 186; bombing of, 81, 101, 128, 137, 138; and CIA, 144
Yemen, 131, 134, 143, 182–83, 185
Yousef, Ramzi, 139, 148, 149, 169
al-Zawahiri, Dr. Ayman, 119, 122–25, 143, 150, 154, 179