Alden Nowlan (1933–1983)

The Bull Moose 1962

Down from the purple mist of trees on the mountain,

lurching through forests of white spruce and cedar,

stumbling through tamarack swamps,

came the bull moose

to be stopped at last by a pole-fenced pasture.

Too tired to turn or, perhaps, aware

there was no place left to go, he stood with the cattle.

They, scenting the musk of death, seeing his great head

like the ritual mask of a blood god, moved to the other end

of the field, and waited.

The neighbors heard of it, and by afternoon

cars lined the road. The children teased him

with alder switches and he gazed at them

like an old, tolerant collie. The women asked

if he could have escaped from a Fair.

The oldest man in the parish remembered seeing

a gelded moose yoked with an ox for plowing.

The young men snickered and tried to pour beer

down his throat, while their girl friends took their pictures.

The bull moose let them stroke his tick-ravaged flanks,

let them pry open his jaws with bottles, let a giggling girl

plant a little purple cap

of thistles on his head.

When the wardens came, everyone agreed it was a shame

to shoot anything so shaggy and cuddlesome.

He looked like the kind of pet

women put to bed with their sons.

So they held their fire. But just as the sun dropped in the river

the bull moose gathered his strength

like a scaffolded king, straightened and lifted his horns

so that even the wardens backed away as they raised their rifles.

When he roared, people ran to their cars. All the young men

leaned on their automobile horns as he toppled.

Considerations for Critical Thinking and Writing
  1. FIRST RESPONSE. How does the speaker present the moose and the townspeople? How are the moose and townspeople contrasted? Discuss specific lines to support your response.
  2. Explain how the symbols in this poem point to a conflict between humanity and nature. What do you think the speaker’s attitude toward this conflict is?
  3. CRITICAL STRATEGIES. Read the section on mythological criticism in Chapter 42, “Critical Strategies for Reading,” and write an essay on “The Bull Moose” that approaches the poem from a mythological perspective.
Connection to Another Selection
  1. In an essay compare and contrast how the animals portrayed in “The Bull Moose” and in Kay Ryan’s “Turtle” are used as symbols.