A
Abbas, 36
Abd al-Rahman I, 149
Abd al-Rahman III, 183
Abraham bar Hiyya, 116–117, 119, 147; Book of Geometry, 116–117
Abu Abdallah, 266–267
Abu Imran, 267
Abulcasis, 157–160; The Method of Medicine, 157
Abuteus Levita, 119
Abu Yaqub, 137
aceituna, 218
acenas, 218
acequía, 218
Achilles, 242
Adam and Eve, 28, 29, 30, 171, 172
adarves, 51–52
Adelard of Bath, 116
“Advice for a Future King” (Ibn Hasdai), 135
Africa, 31, 37, 62, 112, 161, 246
agriculture, 150–155
‘Alam, 162
Al-Andalus, 32, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 71, 72, 73–74, 77, 78, 79, 83, 96, 99, 107, 109–175, 182–188, 228, 229, 259, 266, 269, 275, 283, 287, 308, 312; commerce, 212–218, 226, 229; conviviencia, 95, 119–132, 149, 164, 170, 180, 182–188, 228, 230, 247, 250, 251, 261, 268, 288; education, 220–222; erotic arts, 169–175, 178; flamenco puro, 278–286, 295; land holdings, 219; mathematics, 146–150, 241–259; medicine, 156–160; monarchs, 223–229; music, 161–169; mysticism, 178–182; numbers, 247–259; philosophy, 142–146; poets, 129–137; precious metals, 208–211, 226; songs, 286–292; tilework, 247–259, 261, 266
Alans, 69
albaricoque, 218
Albayzín, 1, 8, 9–10, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 25, 31, 39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49–107, 179, 184, 185, 207, 223, 235, 237, 239, 241, 251, 255, 277–278, 280, 296, 299, 301, 304, 305, 307–312
alberca, 218
Alberti, Rafael, 292
Albertus Magnus, 128
alcaicería, 185
Alcazaba, 72
Aleixandre, Vicente, 292
Alexandria, 243
alfarjes, 56
Alhambra, 9, 12, 17, 23, 26, 28, 43, 44, 54, 56, 57, 72, 78–79, 81, 84, 99, 102, 104, 109, 121, 123, 128, 237–259, 266, 268, 275, 291, 294, 296, 301, 303, 307, 312; tilework, 247–259, 261, 266
almacén, 185
almalafa, 76–77
Almohads, 78
almoneda, 185
Almoravids, 77–78
almotacén, 185
Alphonso the Wise, 115, 147, 148, 164, 181, 183, 189, 199, 244
Ambrose, 172
anarcho-syndicalists, 102–104
Andalusia, 6, 11, 15, 31, 32, 39, 62, 65, 266
Angelico, Fra, 64
Anulino, Publio Cornelio, 62
Apostles, 94
Aquinas, 128
Arabian Nights, The, 25
Arabs, 58, 71, 118, 124, 126, 129, 132, 146, 161, 162, 164, 168, 185, 220, 231, 238, 283, 287, 295, 299, 308
arbitristas, 227–228
Argentina, 295
Aristotle, 117, 137, 143, 170–171
Arnald of Vilanova, 156–157
Articles of Capitulation, 82–84, 85, 87
Asdings, 69
Asia, 112
Assyrians, 58
Athens, 58
Attar, Faridudin, 180; Parliament of the Birds, 180
Attica, 58
Auschwitz, 233
Averroes, 117, 137, 142–146, 156, 262; Bidyadat, 143
Avicebron. See Ibn Gabirol, Solomon
Avicenna, 118, 128, 143, 156, 160; Canon of Medicine, 118
ayat, 4
azafran, 218
Aznar, Jose Maria, 115
azude, 218
B
Bab al-Mardum, 124
Bacon, Francis, 221
Badis, 73
Baetica, 62
Baghdad, 116, 128, 148, 161, 162, 244
Barca, Calderón de la, 293; Life Is a Dream, 294
Barrionuevo, 87
Beaumont, Luis de, 88
Bellini, Giovanni, 64
Bermúdez, Diego, 291
Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris, 128
Bidyadat (Averroes), 143
bin Abbas Al-Zahrawi, Abu al-Qasim Khalaf. See Abulcasis
Blake, William, 262
Blood Wedding (Garcia Lorca), 294–295, 296, 298
Boabdil, 81–82
Boccaccio, 220; Decameron, 220
Book of Astronomical Knowledge, 148
Book of Genesis, 27–28, 29, 30, 171, 172
Book of Geometry (Abraham bar Hiyya), 116–117
Book of Psalms, 123
Book of the Gentile and the Three Wise Men, The (Llull), 186–188
Borja, 184
Botticelli, Sandro, 5
Brahe, Tyco, 221
Brethren of Purity, 244–245
Buddhism, 252
Buenos Aires, 295
Burgos, 233
Bush, George W., 193
byssus, 182
C
caja, 283
caleseras, 284
Canon of Medicine (Avicenna), 118
cante jondo, 286, 289–291, 292, 312
Cantigas de Santa Maria, 164–169
carceleras, 284
Carmen de Alonso Cano, 102
Carmen de Nuestra Señora de la Purificación, 11–13, 15, 18–23, 27, 50, 61
carmenes, 10–11, 15, 17, 45–46, 49, 55, 75, 79, 99, 102, 296, 312
Carthaginians, 32
Castro, Americus, 219
Catalonia, 147
Catholicism, 34, 67, 70, 71, 86, 88, 94, 104, 114, 173, 191–192, 196, 198, 200, 206, 208, 215, 220, 227, 231, 233, 298, 299
Catullus, 220
Central America, 205
Cernuda, Luis, 292
Cervantes, Miguel de, 173, 293, 308
Charlemagne, 111
Charles I, 205, 207, 208–209, 211
Cheney, Richard, 193
Cherif, Rivas, 298
Christianity, 4–5, 6, 11, 34, 35, 62, 68, 71, 72, 85, 87, 90, 95, 96, 109, 111, 120, 122, 145, 172, 180, 203, 207, 216, 235, 246, 247, 251, 252, 261, 268, 269, 283, 309
Christians, 57, 63, 65, 70, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91–92, 93, 94, 97, 111, 113, 114, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 128, 142, 147, 149, 156, 172, 179–180, 183, 184, 185, 186, 189, 191, 199, 203, 213, 215, 220, 225, 226, 230
Cisneros, Cardinal Ximenes de, 85–89, 103, 104, 207, 231
Classification of the Sciences (al-Farabi), 117
Cole, Peter, 133; The Dream of the Poem, 133
Columbus, Christopher, 110, 207, 223
Concurso de Cante Jondo, 287, 291–294, 302
conversos, 122, 189, 197, 198, 201, 203, 215
convivencia, 95, 119–132, 149, 164, 170, 180, 182–188, 228, 230, 247, 250, 251, 261, 268, 288
Córdoba, 9, 37, 38, 39, 40, 43, 45, 117, 123, 126, 143, 144, 157, 158, 159, 163, 261, 267
corozo, 194
Council of Elvira, 63–67, 68–69
Council of Milan, 68
Counter-Reformation, 220
Cristo de la Luz. See Bab al-Mardum
Crusades, 164
Cuba, 284
D
Dali, Salvador, 292
Daniel of Morley, 119
Dante, 117, 164, 181, 220, 245, 277;
The Divine Comedy, 117, 181, 220; Paradiso, 245
Daspa, Guillen Arremon, 119
“Day You Left, The” (Todros Abulafia), 136
Debussy, Claude, 240
Decameron (Boccaccio), 220
Defensor de Granada, 291
Descartes, René, 221
Dickinson, Emily, 130
Diderot, Denis, 220
Divine Comedy, The (Dante), 117, 181, 220
Diwan of the Tamerit (Garcia Lorca), 296
Doña Rosita the Spinster (Garcia Lorca), 296–297
Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 6
“Dove, The” (Ibn Ezra), 134–135
Dove’s Neck Ring, The (Ibn Hazm), 178
Draco, 30
Dream of the Poem, The (Cole), 133
Dryden, John, 239
Dunash, 129
Duns Scotus, 128
E
Edict of Conversion, 89
Edict of Expulsion, 84–85
Edict of Granada, 90
Edict of Milan, 63
education, 220–222
Elements (Euclid), 116
Elias, 263
Encyclopedia of Flamenco (Pohren), 287
England, 74, 132, 208, 216, 217, 221
Enlightenment, 229
Epistles of the Brethren of Purity, 117
Escalada, 123
Euclid, 116, 117, 149, 243; Elements, 116
Euler, Leonhard, 221
F
Fadl, 162
Falangists, 102–104, 208, 232, 234, 294, 300, 302, 304
Falla, Manuel de, 240, 287, 288, 290, 292, 302, 303, 304, 305
al-Farabi, 117; Classification of the Sciences, 117
fascism, 13, 102, 104, 105, 115, 208, 231, 234, 294, 300, 301, 302, 303
Ferdinand of Aragon, 81–84, 85, 86, 88, 89–90, 104, 105, 110, 112, 113, 114, 188, 191–192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200–201, 203, 204–205, 206, 207, 208, 212, 215, 219, 223–229, 231, 233, 237–238, 296, 299
Fermat, Pierre de, 221
Fibonacci. See Leonardo of Pisa
flamenco. See flamenco puro
Flanders, 216
florilegio, 130
Fountain of Life, The (Ibn Gabirol), 128
Foxá, Augustín de, 301
France, 6, 9, 62, 74, 164, 205, 208, 216, 221
Franco, Francisco, 13, 104, 105–106, 115, 208, 232, 233, 235, 301
G
Galen, 143
Galileo, 221
Galip, 119
Galippus, 119
García Lorca, Federico, 99–102, 104, 281–283, 286–305, 308–309, 312; Blood Wedding, 294–295, 296, 298; Diwan of the Tamerit, 296; Doña Rosita the Spinster, 296–297; execution, 305; Gypsy Ballads, 292; homosexuality, 298–299, 304; “Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías,” 296; Mariana Pineda, 292; Poem of the Deep Song, 290, 291; The Shoemaker’s Prodigious Wife, 295, 296; “The Theory and Play of the Duende,” 281–283; Yerma, 296
Garcia Márquez, Gabriel, 277
Garden of Eden, 27–28
Garden of the Hesperides, 29, 30
gardens, 25–47, 51, 55, 61, 77
Gaul, 58
Gautier, Theophile, 240
Gerbert of Aurilliac, 119, 147
Gestapo, 233
Gibraltar, 34
Golden Age of Hebrew Poetry, 133
Góngora, Luis de, 173
González, Galindo, 304
granainas, 284
Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows, 233
Great Basin, 15–16
Greeks, 32
Gregory, 69
Gregory of Nisa, 171
G-S2. See Spanish Kama Sutra, A (López-Baralt)
guajiras, 284
Gundalissimus, 119
Gypsy Ballads (Garcia Lorca), 292
H
Hades, 5
Hadrian, 62
Hafiz, 290
Hafsa, 129
Hakim Sanai, 274
Halevi, Yehuda, 129
Harvey, William, 221
Hera, 29
Hermann of Carinthia, 119
Himmler, Heinrich, 233
Hindu Art of Reckoning, The (al-Khwarizimi), 116
Hisham, 37
Holland, 208, 216, 217, 221, 229
horticulture. See gardens
Hosius of Córdoba, 68
Hospitaller Order of St. John of God, 7
Hroswitha, 157
Hugo, Victor, 239–240; “Les Orientales,” 240
Hugo of Santalla, 119
I
Iberia, 111, 114, 122, 182, 185, 217
Iberios, los. See Iberians
Ibn Abd Rabbihi, 129
Ibn al-Khatib, 44
Ibn al-Zaqullah, 148
Ibn Daud, 119
Ibn El-Arabi, 261, 262–268, 269, 274, 275, 284; The Sufis of Andalusia, 266; “The Interpreter of Desires,” 264; “The Treasures of Lovers,” 265
Ibn Ezra, Moshe, 129, 134–135; “The Dove,” 134–135; “Weak with Wine,” 134
Ibn Firnas, Abbas, 149–150
Ibn Gabirol, Solomon, 128, 129, 133–134; The Fountain of Life, 128
Ibn Hasdai, Avraham, 129, 135–136; “Advice for a Future King,” 135; “Wisdom’s Mantle,” 135–136
Ibn Hazm, 129, 130–131, 177–178; The Dove’s Neck Ring, 178; “The Nature of the Beloved,” 130–131
Ibn Jafaya, 35
Ibn Mu’adh, 149
Ibn Naghrela, Ismail, 43, 126–128, 129, 133, 308
Ibn Naghrela, Yusuf, 43
Ibn Rushd. See Averroes
Ibn Shaprut, Hasdai, 125–126, 128, 156, 183
Ibn Shuhayd al Andalusi, 129, 130
Ibn Tufayl, 137–141, 142; The Journey of the Soul, 137–141
Ibn Zabara, Yusef, 129
Ibn Zaydun, 129
Ibn Ziyad, Tariq, 34, 35, 37, 71
Ideal, 303
Immaculate Conception, 94
Index of Prohibited Books, 198
India, 36
Industrial Revolution, 229
Inquisition, 86, 90, 91, 104, 114, 188, 189–204, 205, 206–207, 208, 220–221, 234, 299
Inquisitor General, Supreme Council of the Inquisition, 95, 197–198, 207
Interior Castle, The (Teresa of Ávila), 180
“Interpreter of Desires, The” (Ibn El-Arabi), 264
Iraq, 213
Irving, Washington, 240; The Tales of the Alhambra, 240
Isabel of Castile, 81–84, 85, 86, 89–90, 104, 105, 110, 112, 113, 114, 188, 191–192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200–201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 212, 215, 219, 223–229, 231, 233, 237–238, 296, 299
Isabel of Valois, 202
Islam, 35, 36, 72, 77, 85, 95, 109, 110, 115, 119, 120, 122, 142, 143, 144, 145, 173, 215, 243, 245, 246, 247, 251, 252, 261, 262, 268, 309
Islamic Paradise Garden, 27
Israel, 113
Italy, 33, 45, 208, 216, 221, 241
J
James, 111
Jerome, 171
Jesus, 5, 7, 69, 70, 86, 95, 96, 111, 120, 124, 167, 171, 172, 247, 251, 259, 267, 268, 287
Jews, 63, 68, 71, 74, 83, 84–85, 86, 90, 96, 110, 113, 114, 118, 119, 120, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, 149, 180, 183, 184, 199, 203, 207, 213, 215, 220, 225, 230, 283, 287, 296, 299, 308
Jews, Masons, and Other Scum, 232
Jiminéz, Juan Ramón, 292
John of Chrysostom, 167
John of God, 5–7
John of Seville, 119
Jones, Owen, 240; Plans, Sections, Elevations, and Details of the Alhambra, 240
Journey of the Soul, The (Ibn Tufayl), 137–141
Juana, 204
Juan la Loca. See Juana
Judah Mosca, 119
Judaism, 35, 63, 69, 71, 72, 120, 122, 178, 183, 186, 189, 191, 215, 246, 252, 261, 268, 269
juros, 209
Juvencus, 69
K
Khidr, 263
al-Khwarizimi, 116, 149; The Hindu Art of Reckoning, 116
al-Kindi, 156
King David, 113
Kingdom’s Crown (Ibn Gabirol), 128
King Manuel, 85
King Roderic, 34–35
King Sancho, 126
Knights of Saint John, 124
Koran, 3, 4, 32, 87, 118, 119–120, 124, 137, 142, 144, 173, 178, 184, 252
Kulliyat, 143
L
“Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías” (Garcia Lorca), 296
Landa, Diego, 222
land holdings, 219
latifundia, 219
Latini, Brunetto, 181
Leeuwenhoek, Anton van, 221
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 221
León, 183
Leon, Moses de, 178–179; Zohar, 178–179, 186
Leonardo of Pisa, 147
Levi, Primo, 233
Lewis, Daniel Levering, 212
Library of the Royal Academy of the History of Madrid, 170
Life Is a Dream (Barca), 294
limpieza de sangre, 91
Llull, Ramon, 185–188; The Book of the Gentile and the Three Wise Men, 186–188; On the Brief Art of Finding Truth, 186
López-Baralt, Luce, 170, 175; A Spanish Kama Sutra, 170, 175
“Love for the World” (Qimhi), 135
Lucullus, 33
Luxembourg, 205
M
Madrasa, 87
Madrid, 103, 293, 296, 299, 302
Madrid University, 293
Madrid Worker’s Club, 300
Maghreb, 185
malangueñas, 284
mampostería, 60–61
Maqamat (al-Nuri), 180
Mariana Pineda (Garcia Lorca), 292
marlota, 77
Marrakesh, 77
Martial, 220
martinetes, 284
Mary, 5, 94, 95, 96, 165–169, 287
Mathnawi (Rumi), 4
Mauritania, 77
Mayans, 222
media granainas, 284
medicine, 156–160
Method of Medicine, The (Abulcasis), 157
Middle Ages, 38, 40, 70, 98, 109–175, 211, 230, 243, 249
milongas, 284
miraj, 181
misogyny, 170–172
monarchs, 223–229. See also Ferdinand of Aragon; Isabel of Castile
Montesquieu, 220
Montpellier, 156
Moors, 15, 103, 115, 165, 284, 287, 299
Moriscos, 90–91, 92, 96, 114, 122, 173, 174, 215, 238
Mosque of Córdoba, 121
mozarabs, 122
mudejars, 122
Muhammad, 4, 36, 119, 120, 142, 181, 268
Munzer, Hieronymous, 45
murcianas, 284
music, 161–169
música mundana, 243
Muslims, 73, 74, 76, 78, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 95, 113, 114, 117, 119, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 143, 146, 173, 183–184, 185, 186, 199, 203, 213, 215, 220, 225, 226, 287
al-Mutamid, 129
muwashaha, 39
mysticism, 178–182
N
Nag Hammadi Gospels, 259
nanas, 285
Naples, 205
Nasr, Muhammad V, 81
Nasrudin, 270
Native Americans, 225
NATO, 13
Natural History (Pliny), 62
“Nature of the Beloved, The” (Ibn Hazm), 130–131
Navagiero, Andrea, 44–45, 79–80
Navarre, 183
nawba, 163
Neoplatonism, 128
Neruda, Pablo, 131, 292, 295, 301; Odas elementales, 131
Nevada, 15
Newton, Isaac, 221
New York City, 292
Nizam, 264
Noah, 113
North Africa, 6, 9, 34, 77, 78, 84, 89, 185, 186
numbers, 247–259
al-Nuri, Abu’l Hassan, 180; Maqamat, 180
O
Odas elementales (Neruda), 131
Old Testament, 2, 27, 30, 56, 69, 111, 113, 124, 170–171, 247
On the Brief Art of Finding Truth (Llull), 186
Orgaz, Alfredo Rodriguez, 302, 305
“Orientales, Les” (Hugo), 240
Origen, 172
Ortega, Manuel, 291
Ortiz, Angeles, 289
Otto I, 183
Ottomans, 89
Ovid, 220
P
Palacios, Miguel Asín, 180–181
palmas, 283
pantufla, 77
paradeisos, 27
Paradiso (Dante), 245
Parliament of the Birds (Attar), 180
Pascal, Blaise, 221
Patrimony of Humankind, 13
Paul, 171
Pedraza, Bermudez de, 80
Perea, Gabriel, 302
Perez, Joseph, 202
Persephone, 5
Peter of Toledo, 119
Philip II, 96, 97, 173, 202, 208, 211, 238
Philip III, 211
Philip the Handsome, 204
Philip V, 238
philosophy, 142–146
Phoenicians, 32
Pidal, Ramon Menéndez, 292
Pindar, 45
placetas, 56
Plans, Sections, Elevations, and Details of the Alhambra (Jones), 240
Plato, 117, 143, 243, 245; Republic, 117, 143
Plato of Tivoli, 119
Pliny the Elder, 33, 62; Natural History, 62
Poem of the Deep Song (Garcia Lorca), 290, 291
poets, 129–137
Pohren, D. E., 286, 287; Encyclopedia of Flamenco, 287
Pompeii, 33
Pope Alexander, 207
Pope Sylvester II. See Gerbert of Aurilliac
Portugal, 85
Pound, Ezra, 164
Preston, Paul, 232; The Spanish Holocaust, 232
Prometheus, 30
Pythagoras, 241–243, 244, 245, 248
Q
Qalam, 162–163
Qimhi, Yosef, 129, 135; “Love for the World,” 135
qiyan, 162–164
Qumar, 162
R
rabab, 40
Rapún, Rafael Rodriguez, 298
Reccared, 71
Reformation, 220
Renaissance, 40, 118, 159, 162, 168, 200
Reynolds, Dwight, 161
Rios, Ferdinand de los, 292
Rivera, José Antonio Primo de, 234, 294, 300
Robert of Ketton, 119
Rodrigo Borgia. See Pope Alexander
Rojas, Fernando de, 173
Roman Empire, 36, 60, 62, 69, 219
Romantics, 132
rondiñas, 284
Rosales, José, 303–304
Rosales, Luis, 302
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 220
Royer, Joseph Pancrace, 239
Rumi, Jalalludin, 4, 269; Mathnawi, 4
al-Rundi, 267
S
saetas, 287
Saint Francis. See Francis of Assisi
Saint George, 263
Saint James. See James
Samarra, 27
Samuel, Alphonso Fernández, 184
sanbenito, 194
San Cristobal, 13
San Francisco, 15
San Sebastian, 233
Santiago de Compostela, 112
Sardinia, 205
Satan, 113
Scientific Revolution, 221, 229
Scot, Michael, 119
Second Granada War, 91–92
Segovia, Andrés, 291
Sepharad, 128
Septuagint, 27
Sermon on the Mount, 251
sevillanas, 284
Seville, 9, 40, 142, 143, 144, 211, 221, 238, 284, 296
Shoemaker’s Prodigious Wife, The (Garcia Lorca), 295, 296
Siling Vandals, 69
Socrates, 117
Sol, El, 299
soleares, 286
Solomon, 2
songs, 286–292
South America, 205
Spanish Civil War, 231, 232, 301–303
Spanish Holocaust, The (Preston), 232
Spanish Inquisition. See Inquisition
Spanish Kama Sutra, A (López-Baralt), 170, 175
Spanish Miracle. See Golden Age of Hebrew Poetry
Stabiae, 33
Stainton, Leslie, 292
Stalin, Joseph, 202
Sufis, 78, 87, 179, 180, 186, 252, 261, 266, 268–275, 284, 290; proverbs, 271–275
Sufis of Andalusia, The (Ibn El-Arabi), 266
Sumer, 7
Supreme Council of the Inquisition, 86
Switzerland, 221
Synagogue Samuel Halevi, 123–124, 126
Synod of Granada, 90
T
Talavera, Hernando, 85
Tales of the Alhambra, The (Irving), 240
Taoism, 252
tarantas, 284
Tenison, Lady Louisa, 98
Teresa of Ávila, 179–180; The Interior Castle, 180
Tertullian, 171
“Theory and Play of the Duende, The” (Garcia Lorca), 281–283
Third Reich, 294
Thomas Aquinas, 174
Tiresias, 242
Toda, 125
Todros Abulafia, 136; “The Day You Left,” 136
Toledo, 40, 115–118, 123, 148, 189, 191, 202, 221
Torquemada, Tomás de, 197–198
Torre, José Antonio de la, 14
torreón, 56
Trajan, 62
“Treasures of Lovers, The” (Ibn El-Arabi), 265
trilleras, 284
Troy, 113
Turkey, 262
U
UNESCO, 13, 106; World Heritage Sites, 13, 106
Unity of Revelation, 268
V
Valencia, 213
Vatican, 96, 191, 195, 196, 197, 198
Vega, Garcilaso de la, 173
Vega, Lope de, 173–174, 293, 308
Vermeer, Johannes, 130
Vesuvius, 33
Virgil, 69
Virgin Mary. See Mary
Visigoths, 32, 34, 35, 56, 58, 69–70, 71, 77, 95, 96, 114, 120, 122, 219
Vivaldi, Antonio, 130
Voltaire, 220
W
Wallada, 129
“Weak with Wine” (Ibn Ezra), 134
William IX of Aquitaine, 164
“Wisdom’s Mantle” (Ibn Hasdai), 135–136
Witeric, 71
X
Xenophon, 27
Y
Yerma (Garcia Lorca), 296
Z
zajal, 39
zambra, 287
Zamora, 232
zaraguelles, 77
Zeus, 29
Ziryab, 161–162