1. See Buss, 1994; Flam, 2008; and Ridley, 2003.
2. See Mayr, 1963.
3. See Dugatkin, 2009.
4. See Cunningham, 1986.
5. Evolutionary psychologists do recognize that there can be cross-cultural differences and individual differences in the characteristics associated with physical attractiveness. Nonetheless, they argue that such differences aren’t infinitely variable but rather are constrained to some degree by evolutionary selection pressures.
6. See Spearman, 1904.
7. See Chabris, 2007.
8. See Kaufman, DeYoung, Gray, Brown, & Mackintosh, 2009; Sternberg & Kaufman, 2011; and van der Maas et al., 2006.
9. See Deary, Strand, Smith, & Fernandes, 2007; Hunt, 2011; Mackintosh, 2011; Naglieri & Bornstein, 2003; and Kaufman, Liu, McGrew, & Kaufman, 2010.
10. See Gottfredson, 1997.
11. See Deary & Batty, 2011.
12. See Flam, 2008; Mystery, 2007, 2010; Strauss, 2005; and Thorn, 2011.
13. See Keller & Miller, 2006.
14. See Arden et al., 2008; Banks, Batcheor, & McDaniel, 2010; Bates, 2007; Calvin et al., 2010; Deary & Batty, 2011; Furlow et al., 1997; Prokosch, Yeo, & Miller, 2005; Silventoinen, Posthuma, van Beijsterveldt, Bartels, & Boomsma, 2006; and Sundet, Tambs, Harris, Magnus, & Torjussen, 2005.
15. See, for example, Johnson, Segal, & Bouchard, 2008.
16. See Moore, 2002; Shenk, 2010; and Ridley, 2003.
17. See Mandelman & Grigorenko, 2011.
18. See Deary, Penke, & Johnson, 2010; and Gray & Thompson, 2004.
19. See Johnson, 2010; and Johnson, Turkheimer, Gottesman, & Bouchard, 2009.
20. For good reviews on the many environmental influences on intelligence, see Ceci, 1996; and Nisbett, 2010.
21. See Hasson, 2006.
22. See Fisher, 2004; and Sternberg & Weis, 2008.
23. See Zebrowitz & Rhodes, 2004.
24. See Johnson, Ahern, & Cole, 1980.
25. See Baer & Kaufman, 2005; Kaufman, 2009a; Kaufman & Sternberg, 2010; Kim, 2005; and Kim, Crammond, & VanTassel-Baska.
26. See DeYoung, 2011.
27. See Shamosh & Gray, 2008; Shamosh et al., 2008; Chiappe & MacDonald, 2005; Eastwick, 2009; Geary, 2004; Gabora & Kaufman, 2010; and Stanovich, 2005.
28. See Miyake et al., 2000; and Miyake & Friedman, 2012.
29. See Wilhelm et al., 2008.
30. See Pronk et al., 2011.
31. See Pinker, 1999.
32. Although it may seem so, modules aren’t incompatible with the g factor (see Kaufman, DeYoung, Reis, & Gray, 2011). Each module may show important sources of variability among Homo sapiens, but all of the modules may be reliant on the same process or set of processes. For instance, working memory may contribute to successful problem solving by many modules, or deleterious mutations may affect many modules at once, resulting in a very low total IQ score (Furlow et al., 1997).
33. See Gardner, 1983, 1993.
34. See Gardner, 2006.
35. See Feist, 2008; Gelman, 2009; and Gelman & Brenneman, 1994.
36. See Ceci, 1996; and Sternberg, 1997.
37. See Goleman, 2006.
38. See Gardner, 2006.
39. See Sternberg, 1997, 2011.
40. Sternberg also discusses the importance of appreciating creative intelligence, a topic we take up in much more detail in the next chapter.
41. See Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, & Cherkasskiy, 2011.
42. See Schulte, Ree, & Carretta, 2004.
43. See Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 2008; Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, & Cherkasskiy, 2011; and Mayer, Roberts, & Barsade, 2008.
44. See Baumeister et al., 1998; Baumeister & Tierney, 2012; Schmeichel, Vohs, & Baumeister, 2003.
45. See Karremans et al., 2009.
46. See Ritter, Karremans, & van Schie, 2010.
47. See Vohs & Ciarocco, 2004.
48. See Ciarocco, Echevarria, & Lewandowski, 2012.
49. See Gailliot & Baumeister, 2007.
50. See Lenton & Francesconi, 2010.
51. See Miller, 1997; and Miller & Todd, 1998.
52. See Epstein, 1994, 2003; Evans, 2008, 2010; Evans & Frankish, 2009; Kahneman, 2011; Kahneman & Frederick, 2002, 2005; Lieberman, 2003, 2007; Stanovich, 2005, 2009, 2011; Stanovich & Toplak, 2012; Stanovich & West, 2000; Strack & Deutsch, 2004; Kaufman, 2009a, 2011. For criticisms of dual-process theory, see Osman, 2004; Keren & Schul, 2009; and Kruglanski & Gigerenzer, 2011.
53. See Gigerenzer, 2008; and Wilson, 2002.
54. See Davidson, 2011; Kaufman, 2009a; and Kaufman, 2011.
55. See Buss & Haselton, 2005.
56. See Kanazawa, 2010; Kaufman, DeYoung, Reis, & Gray, 2011; Penke, 2010; and Penke et al., 2011.
1. See Fisher, Cox, & Gordon, 2009.
2. See Griskevicius, Cialdini, & Kenrick, 2006.
3. See Trivers, 1972.
4. See Campbell, Kaufman, & Gau, 2010.
5. See Van den Bergh, Dewitte, & Warlop, 2008.
6. See Wilson & Daly, 2004.
7. See Ronay & von Hippel, 2010.
8. See Dreber, Gerdes, & Gransmark, 2010.
9. See, for example, Ariely & Loewenstein, 2005.
10. Although the focus of this book is on mating, it should be noted that Miller’s theory is only one among many that attempts to explain the evolution of uniquely human forms of creativity. The range of explanations is quite vast, from the argument that music is just “auditory cheesecake” (Pinker, 1999), to the notion that music and language combine both evolutionarily new and old traits (Marcus, 2004, 2009, 2012), to the argument that art evolved for purposes of social bonding (Dissanayake, 1990, 1995, 2012), to the hypothesis that cultural evolution played the primary role in the evolution of uniquely human forms of creativity (Gabora, 2008; Gabora & Kaufman, 2010; Changizi, 2011). Liane Gabora and SBK even go so far as to argue that the cultural flourishing of creativity found at the onset of the Upper Paleolithic era between 60,000 and 30,000 years ago came about because of our ability to transcend biology, to evolve from the realm of “what is” to the realm of “what could be.” According to this account, the drive to create is at least partially separable from the drive to procreate.
11. See Nettle, 2009a.
12. See Miller, 2000.
13. See Buss, 1989.
14. See Rowatt, Delue, Strickhouser, & Gonzalez, 2001.
15. See Nettle & Clegg, 2006.
16. See Clegg, Nettle, & Miell, 2011.
17. See Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007.
18. See, for example, Buss, 1989; and Buss & Barnes, 1986.
19. See Bressler, Martin, & Balshine, 2006.
20. See Provine, 2000.
21. See Bressler & Balshine, 2006.
22. See Chapell et al., 2002; and McAdams, Jackson, & Kirschnit, 1984.
23. See Chapman & Foot, 1976.
24. See Grammer & Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1990.
25. See Azim, Mobbs, Booil, Menon, & Reiss, 2005.
26. See Hay, 2000.
27. See Kotthoff, 2000.
28. See Kaufman, Kozbelt, Bromley, & Miller, 2008.
29. See Feingold & Mazella, 1991; Greengross, 2009; Howrigan & McDonald, 2008; and Masten, 1986.
30. See Greengross & Miller, 2011.
31. Kaufman, Erickson, Ramesh, Kozbelt, Magee, & Kaufman, 2010.
32. See Kozbelt & Nishioka, 2010.
33. See O’Quin & Derks, 1997; and Ziv, 1980.
34. See Greengross & Miller, 2009; and Howrigan & McDonald, 2008.
35. See Howrigan & McDonald, 2008.
36. See Gueguen, 2010.
37. See Martin, 2006; and Shiota, Campos, Keltner, & Hertenstein, 2004.
38. See Li et al., 2009.
39. See Greengross, 2008.
40. See Martin, 2006.
41. See Campbell, Martin, & Ward, 2008.
42. See Buss, 1988; and Kaufman et al., 2008.
43. See Cunningham, 1989.
44. See Baumeister et al., 1998; Baumeister & Tierney, 2012; and Schmeichel et al., 2003.
45. See Lewandowski et al., 2012.
46. See Brunswick, 1956.
47. See Cunningham, 1989.
48. See Li et al., 2002; and Li, 2008.
49. See Cunningham & Barbee, 2008.
50. See Senko & Fyffe, 2010.
51. See Bale, Morrison, & Caryl, 2006.
52. See Walle, 1976.
53. See Cooper et al., 2007.
54. See Cunningham & Barbee, 2008.
55. See Cooper et al., 2007.
56. See Shaver & Mikulincer, 2006.
57. See Mikulincer & Horesh, 1999.
58. See Cooper et al., 2007.
59. See Wade, Butrie, & Hoffman, 2009.
60. See Grammer, Kruck, Juette, & Finke, 2000.
61. See Feist, 2001.
62. See Kaufman, Kozbelt, Bromley, & Miller, 2008.
63. Similar lines of thought can be found in Dissanayake (1990, 1995, 2012), who argues that art serves as a crucial social bonding experience, and Mithen (2007), who presents evidence that the musicality of our ancestors and relatives may have been a valuable means of communicating emotions, intentions, and information and of facilitating cooperation.
64. See Eskine, 2011.
65. See Kaufman, Erickson, Huang, Ramesh, & Thompson, et al., 2009.
66. Future research should also try to determine the particular characteristics of various mental displays that are sexually attractive. Various forms of creativity (e.g., artistic) may be considered more attractive than other forms (e.g., scientific), not because of indications of general intelligence (indeed, scientific forms of creativity are probably more g-loaded than artistic forms of creativity), but because of indications of kindness, emotional expressivity, and so forth. Future research should continue to assess the importance of individual differences in preferences for a wide-range of mental courtship displays.
67. See Haselton & Miller, 2006.
68. See Gangestad et al., 2004.
69. See Gangestad et al., 2004.
70. See Miller & Caruthers, 2003.
71. See Kaufman, Erickson, et al., 2009.
1. See Buss & Barnes, 1986.
2. See MacDonald, 1995; Nettle, 2006, 2008; and Penke, Denissen, & Miller, 2007.
3. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
4. See Penke, Denissen, & Miller, 2007.
5. See Smith, 1998.
6. See Figueredo et al., 2005.
7. See Hrdy, 1999.
8. See Figueredo et al., 2008; and Hrdy, 1999.
9. See Ellis et al., 2009, to learn more about all the different ways various environmental factors can combine to produce different life history strategies.
10. See Figueredo et al., 2005.
11. See Figueredo et al., 2004.
12. See Brumbach, Figueredo, & Ellis, 2009.
13. See Flinn & Ward, 2005.
14. See Belsky et al., 2007; Ellis & Essex, 2007; and Tither & Ellis, 2008.
15. See Figueredo et al., 2008; and Sefcek et al., 2006.
16. See Ellis, 2004.
17. See Belsky et al., 1991.
18. See Chisholm, 1993.
19. See Chisholm, 1999.
20. See Belsky et al., 1991.
21. See Chilsholm, 1993.
22. See Del Giudice, 2010.
23. Also see West-Eberhard, 2003.
24. See Barry, Kochanska, & Philibert, 2008; Comings et al., 2002; and Khron & Bogan, 2001.
25. See Belsky, 1997, 2005; Belsky & Pluess, 2009; Boyce & Ellis, 2005; and Wolf, van Doorn, & Weissing, 2008.
26. See Del Giudice & Belsky, 2010; and West-Eberhard, 2003.
27. See Cassidy & Shaver, 2008.
28. See Bakermans-Kraneburg & Van IJzendoorn, 2006; Barry, Kochanska, & Philibert, 2008; Bradley & Corwyn, 2008; and Caspi et al., 2002.
29. See Belsky et al., 1991.
30. See Chilsholm, 1993.
31. See Figueredo et al., 2008.
32. See Costa & McCrae, 1985, 1992; and Digman, 1990.
33. See DeYoung, 2006; DeYoung, Peterson, & Higgins, 2002; Digman, 1997; Olson, 2005; and Hirsh, DeYoung, & Peterson, 2009.
34. See Carver, Johnson, & Joormann, 2009.
35. See Hirsh, DeYoung, & Peterson, 2009.
36. See Botwin, Buss, & Shackelford, 1997; Buss et al., 1990a; and Buss & Barnes, 1986.
37. See Figueredo, Sefcek, & Jones, 2006.
38. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
39. See Haselton & Nettle, 2006.
40. See Dyrenforth, Kashy, Donnellan, & Lucas, 2010.
41. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
42. See Hirsh, 2008.
43. See DeYoung & Gray, 2009.
44. See DeYoung et al., 2010.
45. See MacDonald, 1995; and Nettle, 2006.
46. See Hirsh et al., 2009.
47. See Claridge & Davis, 2001; and Neeleman, Sytema, & Wadsworth, 2002.
48. See Barelds, 2005; Davila, Karney, Hall, & Bradbury, 2003; Heaven, Smith, Prabhakar, Abraham, & Mete, 2006; Karney & Bradbury, 1997; Kelly & Conley, 1987; and Watson, Hubbard, & Wiese, 2000.
49. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008, p. 125.
50. See Mathews, Mackintosh, & Fulcher, 1997.
51. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
52. See McKenzie, Taghavi-Knosary, & Tindell, 2000; and Ross, Stewart, Mugge, & Fultz, 2001.
53. Also see Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
54. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
55. See Schmitt, 2004.
56. See Nettle, 2006.
57. See Hirsh et al., 2008.
58. See Friedman et al., 1995.
59. See Austin & Deary, 2000; and Claridge & Davis, 2003.
60. See Sternberg, 1998.
61. See Ahmetoglu, Swami, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009; and Engel, Olson, & Patrick, 2002.
62. See Engel, Olson, & Patrick, 2002.
63. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
64. See Schmitt, 2004.
65. See Heaven, 1996; Miller et al., 2004; Schmitt, 2004; and Schmitt & Buss, 2000.
66. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
67. See Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004; and Nettle, 2007.
68. See Hirsh et al., 2008.
69. See Costa, Terraciano, & McCrae, 2001.
70. See Dyrenforth, Kashy, Donnellan, & Lucas, 2010; and Jensen-Campbell, Knack, & Gomez, 2010.
71. See Byrne & Whiten, 1988; Dunbar, 1996; and Humphrey, 1976.
72. See Ahmetoglu, Swami, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009.
73. See Caprara, Bararanelli, & Zimbardo, 1996; Graziano, Jensen-Campbell, & Hair, 1996; Heaven, 1996; Jensen-Campbell & Graziano, 2001; Jensen-Campbell, Knack, & Gomez, 2010; and Suls, Martin, & David, 1998.
74. See Schmitt, 2004; and Schmitt & Buss, 2001.
75. See Urbaniak & Kilmann, 2006.
76. See Boudreau, Boswell, & Judge, 2001; although note that altruistic and generous behaviors can increase social status in environments where contributions to the group are public—see Hardy & Van Vugt, 2006.
77. See Nettle, 2006.
78. See, for example, Hardy & Van Vugt, 2006.
79. See Chen et al., 1999; and Kircaldy, 1982.
80. See Kenrick et al., 1993.
81. See Luo & Zhang, 2009.
82. See Eysenck, 1976; Heaven, Fitzpatrick, Craig, Kelly, & Sebar, 2000; Nettle, 2006; and Schmitt, 2004.
83. See Nettle, 2005.
84. See Schmitt & Buss, 2001.
85. See Luo & Zhang, 2009.
86. See Buss & Barnes, 1986; and Goodwin, 1990.
87. See Botwin, Buss, & Shackelford, 1997; and Goodwin, 1990.
88. See Nettle & Clegg, 2008.
89. See Ahmetoglu, Swami, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009; Buchanan, Johnson, & Goldberg, 2005; Franken, Gibson, & Mohan, 1990; and Watson, Hubbard, & Wiese, 2000.
90. See Hirsh et al., 2008.
91. See Nettle, 2005.
92. See Ellis, 1987; and Samuels et al., 2004.
93. See Nettle, 2005.
94. See Johnson, 1994.
95. See Hirsh et al., 2008.
96. See Saucier, 1992.
97. See DeYoung, Quility, & Peterson, 2007.
98. See Goldberg, 1999.
99. See DeYoung, Shamosh, Green, Braver, & Gray, 2009.
100. See DeYoung, Grazioplene, & Peterson, 2011.
101. See Kaufman et al., 2010.
102. See Kaufman, 2009a, 2009b; Peterson & Carson, 2000; and Peterson, Smith, & Carson, 2002.
103. See Kaufman, 2009a; McCrae & Costa, 1997; Miller & Tal, 2007; Nelson & Rawlings, 2010; Nusbaum & Silvia, 2011; and Silvia et al., 2009.
104. See Martindale, 1999.
105. See Green & Williams, 1999; Lubow & Gerwritz, 1995; Lubow & Weiner, 2010; Miller & Tal, 2007; Nelson & Rawlings, 2010; and Woody & Claridge, 1977.
106. See Mason, Claridge, & Jackson, 1995; Nelson & Rawlings, 2010; Nettle, 2001; Rawlings & Freeman, 1997; and McCreery & Claridge, 2002.
107. See Nettle & Clegg, 2006.
108. See Beaussart, Kaufman, & Kaufman, in press.
109. See Del Giudice, Angeleri, Brizio, & Elena, 2010.
110. See Miller & Tal, 2007.
111. See Carson, Peterson, & Higgins, 2003; Kaufman, 2009b.
112. See Shaner, Miller, & Mintz, 2008.
113. See, for example, Avila, Thaker, & Adami, 2001; Nowakowska, Strong, Santosa, Wang, & Ketter, 2005; and Shaner, Miller, & Mintz, 2004, 2008.
114. See Clegg, Nettle, & Miell, 2011; Nettle, 2001; and Nettle & Clegg, 2006.
115. See Sunnafrank & Ramirez, 2004.
116. See Geher & Miller, 2008.
117. See Garver-Apgar et al., 2006; Thornhill et al., 2003; and Wedekind et al., 1995, 2007.
118. See, for example, Back, Stopfer, et al., 2010; Borkenau, Brecke, Mottig, & Paelecke, 2009; Gosling, Ko, Mannarelli, & Morris, 2002; Levesque & Kenny, 1993; and Watson, 1989.
119. See Fisher et al., 2009; Fisher, Island, Rich, Marchalik, & Brown, submitted; Fisher, Rich, Island, Marcalika, & Brown, submitted.
120. See Rodrigues et al., 2009.
121. Available at http://www.Chemistry.com.
122. See Fisher, Rich, Island, Marcalika, & Brown, submitted.
123. See Roney, Mahler, & Maestripieri, 2003.
124. See Mazur & Michalek, 1998.
125. See Ahmetoglu, Swami, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009.
126. See Ahmetoglu, Swami, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009.
1. See Judge, Hurst, & Simon, 2009.
2. See Bono & Judge, 2004.
3. See Dion, Berscheid, & Walster, 1972.
4. See Przygodzki-Lionet, Olivier, & Desrumaux, 2010.
5. See Snyder, Tanke, & Berscheid, 1977.
6. See Hatfield, 1986.
7. Some of you may not have to imagine this.
8. See Swami & Furnham, 2007; and Swami & Tovee (2012).
9. See Buss, 2003.
10. These comments are probabilistic in nature—but that’s how evolution works. In its effort to shape organisms that are most likely to be able to reproduce, natural forces select individuals who tend to make decisions that would be, on average, most likely to lead to reproductive success.
11. See Schaich Borg, Lieberman, & Kiehl, 2008.
12. See Cunningham, 1986.
13 See Buss, 2003.
14. See Swami, Furnham, & Joshi, 2008.
15. See Swami & Furnham, 2007.
16. See Buss, 2011; Platek & Singh, 2010; and Singh & Singh, 2011.
17. See Garver-Apgar, Gangestad, & Thornhill, 2008.
18. See Buss, 1989; and Marlowe, 2004.
19. See Cunningham, 1986.
20. See Buss & Schmitt, 2011; and Sugiyama, 2005.
21. See Buss, 1996; Singh & Singh, 2011; Vandermassen, 2005; and Wolf, 1991.
22. See Buss, 2003; Buss & Schmitt, 2011; and Schmitt & Buss, 1996.
23. See Miller, Tybur, & Jordan, 2007.
24. See Buss & Schmitt, 1993.
25. See Pennebaker, 1979.
26. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
27. See Buss, 1989.
28. See Buss, 2003.
29. See Gangestad, Thornhill, & Carver-Apgar, 2005.
30. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
31. See Buss, 2003.
32. See Scheib, 1994.
33. See Kruger, Fisher, & Jobling, 2003.
34. See Shoup & Gallup, 2008.
35. See Garver-Apgar, Gangestad, & Thornhill, 2008.
36. See Gangestad & Thornhill, 2003.
37. See Buss, 2003.
38. See Frederick & Haselton, 2007.
39. See Shoup & Gallup, 2008.
40. See Pipitone & Gallup, 2008.
41. See Kruger, Fisher, & Jobling, 2003.
42. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
43. See Buss, 2003.
44. See Kniffin & Wilson, 2004.
45. See Buss, 1989.
46. See Townsend, 1998.
47. See DeBruine et al., 2010, for a comprehensive review.
48. See Penton-Voak et al., 1999.
49. Also described in Penton-Voak et al., 1999.
50. See Buss & Schmitt, 2011; Buss & Shackelford, 2008; and Roney et al., 2010.
51. See Buss & Shackelford, 2008.
52. See Roney, Simmons, & Gray, 2011.
53. See Geher & Miller, 2008; and Miller, 2000.
54. See Kniffin & Wilson, 2004.
55. See Griskevicius, Cialdini, & Kenrick, 2006.
56. See Miller, 2000.
57. See Geher & Miller, 2008.
58. See Christie & Geis, 1970.
59. See Greene, 2003.
60. See Fisher, Cox, & Gordon, 2009.
61. See Geher, Camargo, & O’Rourke, 2008.
62. See Geher & Miller, 2008; and Miller, 2000.
63. See Miller, 2000.
64. See Andrews & Carroll, 2010; and Gottschall & Wilson, 2005.
65. See Miller & Todd, 1998.
66. See Brunswik, 1956.
67. See Miller & Todd, 1998.
68. See Simon, 1957; also see Gigerenzer & Goldstein, 1996.
69. See Kenrick, Sadalla, Groth, & Trost, 1990.
70. See Asendorpf, Penke, & Back, 2011.
71. See Penke et al., 2007.
1. See, for example, Shoup & Gallup, 2008.
2. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
3. See Volk & Atkinson, 2008.
4. See Fisher et al., 2009.
5. See Duntley & Buss, 2005.
6. See Buss, 2003.
7. See Krebs & Davies, 1997; and Nettle, 2009b, 2009c.
8. See Buss, 2005a.
9. See Buss & Schmitt, 1993.
10. See Buss, 2006; Buss & Schmitt, 2011; Gangestad & Buss, 1993; Gangestad & Simpson, 2000; Gangestad et al., 2006; Lippa, 2009; and Schmitt, 2005.
11. See Buss, 2003.
12. See Geher, 2009.
13. See Kennair, Schmitt, Fjeldavli, & Harlem, 2009.
14. See Trivers, 1972.
15. See Geher & Gambacorta, 2010.
16. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
17. Not all; see Trivers, 1985, for important exceptions.
18. See Volk & Atkinson, 2008.
19. See Euler & Weitzel, 1996.
20. See Buss et al., 1990.
21. See Li, 2002, 2008.
22. See Li, 2002, 2008.
23. See Penke, Todd, Lenton, & Fasolo, 2008.
24. See Buss, 2003.
25. See Trivers, 1985.
26. See Buss, 2003.
27. See Blumstein & Schwartz, 1983.
28. See Buss et al., 1999.
29. See Penke et al., 2008.
30. See Clark & Hatfield, 1989.
31. See Clark, 1990.
32. See Hald & Hogh-Olesen, 2010.
33. See Clark & Hatfield, 1989.
34. See Hamilton & Zuk, 1982.
35. See Clark & Hatfield, 1989.
36. See Clark, 1990.
37. Adapted from Buss & Schmitt, 2011.
38. See Schmitt, 2005.
39. See Lippa, 2009.
40. See Penke, Todd, Lenton, & Fasolo, 2008,
41. See Schmitt, Coudon, & Baker, 2001.
42. See Meston & Buss, 2007.
43. See Atkins et al., 2001; Glass & Wright, 1985; Oliver & Hyde, 1993; Petersen & Hyde, 2010; Thompson, 1983; and Wiederman, 1997.
44. See Blumstein & Schwartz, 1983; Brand et al., 2007; Hansen, 1987; Laumann et al., 1994; Lawson & Samson, 1988; and Spanier & Margolis, 1983.
45. See Davies et al., 2007; Jonason et al., 2009; Parker & Burkley, 2009; Schmitt et al., 2004; and Schmitt & Buss, 2001.
46. See Ehrlichman & Eichenstein, 1992; Ellis & Symons, 1990; Jones & Barlow, 1990; Leitenberg & Henning, 1995; and Rokach, 1990.
47. See Burley & Symanski, 1981; Mitchell & Latimer, 2009; and Symons, 1979.
48. See Hald, 2006; Koukounas & McCabe, 1997; Malamuth, 1996; Murnen & Stockton, 1997; Salmon & Symons, 2001; and Youn, 2006.
49. See Bereczkei & Csanaky, 1996; Betzig, 1986; Jokela et al., 2010; Perusse, 1993; Stone et al., 2005; and Zerjal et al., 2003.
50. See Fenigstein & Preston, 2007; McBurney et al., 2005; Njus & Bane, 2009; Rowatt & Schmitt, 2003; Schmitt et al., 2003; and Wilcox, 2003.
51. See Herold & Mewhinney, 1993; and Spanier & Margolis, 1983.
52. See Cohen & Shotland, 1996; McCabe, 1987; Njus & Bane, 2009; Rowatt & Schmitt, 2003; and Schmitt et al., 2003.
53. See Clark, 1990; Clark & Hatfield, 1989; Greitemeyer, 2005; Hald & Høgh-Olesen, 2010; Schützwohl et al., 2009; and Voracek et al., 2005, 2006.
54. See Baumeister et al., 2001; Laumann et al., 1994; and Purnine et al., 1994.
55. See Hendrick et al., 1985; Laumann et al., 1994; Oliver & Hyde, 1993; and Petersen & Hyde, 2010.
56. See Bradshaw et al., 2010; Campbell, 2008; de Graaf & Sandfort, 2004; Garcia & Reiber, 2008; Paul & Hayes, 2002; Reiber & Garcia, 2010; Roese et al., 2006; and Townsend et al., 1995.
57. See Clark, 2006; Lippa, 2009; Penke & Asendorf, 2008; Schmitt, 2005a; Schmitt et al., 2001; and Simpson & Gangestad, 1991.
58. See Kenrick et al., 1990; Kenrick et al., 1993; Li et al., 2002; Li & Kenrick, 2006; Regan, 1998a, 1998b; Regan & Berscheid, 1997; Regan et al., 2000; Simpson & Gangestad, 1992; Stewart et al., 2000; and Wiederman & Dubois, 1998.
59. See Abbey, 1982; Haselton & Buss, 2000; Henningsen et al., 2006; and Sigal et al., 1988.
60. See Gouveia-Iliverira & Pederson, 2009.
61. Buss & Schmitt, 2011, p. 2.
62. See Buss, 2003.
63. See Mecklinger & Ullsperger, 1995.
64. See Clark & Hatfield, 1989.
65. See Meston & Buss, 2007.
66. Meston & Buss, 2007, p. 500.
67. Stephenson, Ahrold, & Meston, 2010.
68. See Pederson, Putcha-Bhagavatula, & Miller, in press.
69. See Conley, 2011.
70. Conley, 2011, p. 2.
71. See Gustafson’s (1998) gendered risk perception theory for related ideas.
72. See Buss & Schmitt, 2011.
73. Conley, 2011, p. 18.
74. See Abramson & Pinkerton, 2002.
75. See Buss & Schmitt, 2011.
76. See Armstrong et al., 2010.
77. See Schützwohl et al., 2009.
78 See Regan, 1998c.
79. See Buss et al., 1990b.
80. See Fisher et al., 2009.
81. See Hill & Preston, 1996; and Meston & Buss, 2007; 2009.
82. See Meston & Buss, 2007.
83. See Sternberg, 1999; and Sternberg & Weis, 2008.
84. See Stanik & Ellsworth, 2010.
85. See Fisher, Moore, & Pittenger, 2011.
86. See Bowlby, 1969.
87. Still, there is an emerging consensus among neurobiologists and social-personality psychologists that both parent-infant bonds and long-term couple relationships draw on the same attachment motivational system (Del Giudice & Belsky, 2010). The behavioral and psychological displays of adult bond formation, separation, and loss show striking similarities with the same displays in children (Feeney, 1999), and neurobiological studies also show substantial overlap in the neurochemical and neuroanatomical substrates involved in both types of relationships (e.g., Pedersen et al., 2005).
88. See Diamond & Hicks, 2005.
89. See Belsky, 1997.
90. See Buss, Larsen, & Westen, 1996; and Buss, Larsen, Westen, & Semmelroth, 1992.
91. See Levy & Kelly, 2010.
92. See Del Giudice, 2011.
93. See Birnbaum, 2007.
94. See Allen & Baucom, 2004.
95. See Del Giudice, 2009.
96. See Sroufe et al., 1993.
97. See Del Giudice, 2009.
98. Meston & Buss, 2007, p. 502.
99. See Figueredo et al., 2008.
100. See Figueredo et al., 2008.
101. See Giosan, 2006.
102. See Kruger, Reischl, & Zimmerman, 2008.
103. See Schmitt, 2005.
104. See Simon, 1957.
105. See Eastwick & Finkel, 2008; and Todd, Penke, Fasolo, & Lenton, 2007.
106. See Miller & Todd, 1998.
107. See Johnstone, 1997; Miller & Todd, 1998; and Todd & Miller, 2000.
108. See Todd & Miller, 1999.
109. See Gutierres, Kenrick, & Partch, 1999.
110. See Regan, 1998.
111. See Penke et al., 2008.
112. See Back & Kenny, 2010; and Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2010.
113. See Back et al., 2011.
114. See Eastwick, Finkel, Mochon, & Ariely, 2007; Kurzban & Weeden, 2005; and Luo & Zhang, 2009.
115. See Back et al., 2011.
116. Also see von Hippel & Trivers, 2011.
117. See Grammer et al., 2000.
118. See Edlund & Sagarin, 2010.
119. See Hill & Buss, 2008.
120. See Back et al., 2011; Feingold, 1990; Kurzban & Weeden, 2005; Langlois et al., 2000; Penke, Todd, Lenton, & Fasolo, 2008; Luo & Zhang, 2009; Rhodes & Simmons, 2007; Swami & Furnham, 2007; and Todd et al., 2007.
121. See Lee, Loewenstein, Ariely, Hong, & Young, 2008.
122. See Kniffin & Wilson, 2004.
123. See Lee et al., 2008.
124. See Cialdini, 1993.
125. See de La Rochefoucauld, 2007, p. 354.
126. See Freed-Brown & White, 2009.
127. See Dugatkin, 1992; and Pruett-Jones, 1992.
128. See Eva & Wood, 2006; Gilbert, Killingsworth, Eyre, & Wilson, 2009; Jones et al., 2007; Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorf, 2010; Stanik, Kurzban, & Ellsworth, 2010; Waynforth, 2007; and Yorzinski & Platt, 2010.
129. See Hill & Ryan, 2006; Little et al., 2008; and Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorf, 2009.
130. See Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorpf, 2010.
131. See Yorzinski & Platt, 2010.
132. See Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorpf, 2010.
133. See Eva & Wood, 2006.
134. See Gilbert, Killingsworth, Eyre, & Wilson, 2009.
135. See Stanik, Kurzban, & Ellsworth, 2010.
136. See Yorzinski & Platt, 2010.
137. See Waynforth, 2007.
138. See Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorpf, 2010.
139. See Jones et al., 2007.
140. See Waynforth, 2007.
141. See Easton, Confer, Goetz, & Buss, 2010.
142. Easton et al., 2010, pp. 518–519.
143. See Schmitt et al., 2002.
144. See Easton et al., 2010.
145. See Weekes-Shackelford, Easton, & Stone, 2008.
146. See Daly & Wilson, 1988.
147. See Weekes-Shackelford et al., 2008.
148. See Gallup, Burch, & Berens Mitchell, 2006.
149. See Gueguen, 2009.
150. See Hess, Brody, Van Der Schalk, & Fischer, 2007.
151. See Gangestad, Thornhill, & Garver-Apgar (2005) for a summary of this growing body of research.
152. See Miller, Tybur, & Jordan, 2007.
153. See Pipitone & Gallup, 2008.
154. See Gangestad, Thornhill, & Garver-Apgar, 2005.
155. See Haselton, Pillsworth, Bleske-Recheck, & Frederick, 2007.
156. See Muscarella, 2000.
157. See Hughes et al., 2004.
158. See, for example, Buss, 2003; and Miller, 2000.
159. See Muscarella, 2000.
160. See Keller & Miller, 2006.
161. See Hughes et al., 2004.
162. See Palmer & Thornhill, 2001.
163. See Thornhill, 1981.
164. For a great summary of this work, including critiques of the Thornhill and Palmer book, we suggest you check out Malamuth, Huppin, and Bryant’s (2005) chapter from David Buss’ Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, which provide an extensive treatment of research on sexual coercion.
165. See Wilson et al., 2003.
166. See Vandermassen, 2010.
167. Buss & Schmitt, 2011, p. 780.
1. See Bandura, 1977; Dweck, 2007; Greven et al., 2009.
2. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
3. See Ross & Nisbett, 1991.
4. See Nisbett & Wilson, 1977.
5. See Gigerenzer, 2008; Gilbert, 2007; and Wilson, 2002.
6. See Eastwick & Finkel, 2008.
7. See Ross, 1977.
8. See Bauman & Geher, 2003; and Ross, Greene, & House; 1977.
9. See Muehlenhard & Linton, 1987.
10. See Taylor & Brown, 1988.
11. For example, Langer, 1975.
12. See Robins & Beer, 2001.
13. See Langer, 1975.
14. See Seligman & Maier, 1967.
15. See Zahavi, 1977.
16. See Byers & Lewis, 1988.
17. See Walster, Walster, & Berscheid, 1978.
18. See Festinger & Carlsmith, 1959.
19. See Geher, Bloodworth, Mason, & Stoaks, 2005.
20. See Wilson, Geher, & Waldo, 2009.
21. See Webster, 2007.
22. See Marks, 1987.
23. See Marks, 1987.
24. See Hill & Hurtado, 1996.
25. See Marks, 1987.
26. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
27. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
28. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
29. See Abbey, 1982.
30. See Buss, Larsen, Westen, & Semmelroth, 1992.
31. See Buss et al., 1999.
32. See Hughes, Harrison, & Gallup, 2004.
33. See Buss et al., 1999.
34. See Buss et al., 1992.
35. See Buss & Haselton, 2005.
36. See Haselton & Buss36 2000.
37. See Penke et al., 2008.
38. See Buss, 2003.
39. See Geher, 2009.
40. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
41. See Geher, Miller, & Murphy, 2008.
42. See Geher & Kaufman, 2011.
43. See Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 1999.
44. See Connellan, Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Batkia, & Ahluwalia, 2000.
45. See Rammstedt & Rammsayer, 2000.
46. See Nowicki & Duke, 1994.
47. See Noller, 1986.
48. See Trivers, 1985.
49. See Penke, Todd, Lenton, & Fasolo, 2008; and Schmitt, 2005.
50. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
51. These findings dovetail nicely with two other current studies on mating-relevant cross-sex mind-reading that also found, using varied methodological approaches, that males are generally more accurate at knowing the desires of the opposite sex than are females (DeBacker, Braeckman, & Farinpour, 2008).
52. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
53. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
1. See Coolidge & Wynn, 2009.
2. See Bingham, 1999.
3. See Tiger, 1987.
4. See Pinker, 2007; and Marcus, 2004, 2009.
5. See Wrangham, 2009.
6. See Coolidge & Wynn, 2009; Feist, 2008; Gabora, & Kaufman, 2010; Geary, 2004; Marcus, 2004, 2009; and Mithen, 1999; 2007.
7. See Evans, 2008, for use of the term “uniquely developed.”
8. See Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, Martin, & Clubley, 2001.
9. See Hare, Call, & Tomasello, 2001.
10. See Heyes, 1998, for a review.
11. See Nettle & Liddle, 2008.
12. See Tomasello, Carpenter, Call, Behne, & Moll, 2005.
13. See Ekman & Friesen, 1968.
14. See Ross & Nisbett, 1991.
15. See Shaner, Mintz, & Miller, 2008.
16. See Weiss & Harris, 2001.
17. See Shaner et al., 2008.
18. See Crespi & Badcock, 2008.
19. See Buckner, Andrews-Hanna, & Schacter, 2008.
20. See Crespi & Badcock, 2008; Badcock, 2009.
21. See Cook & Leventhal, 1996.
22. See Nettle, 2008.
23. See Nettle, 2008.
24. See Del Giudice, Angeleri, Brizio, & Elena, 2010.
25. See Lubow & Weiner, 2010.
26. See Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, & Cherkasskiy, in press; Salovey & Mayer, 1990.
27. See Place, Todd, Penke, & Asendorpf, 2009.
28. See Barlow, Qualter, & Stylianou, 2010.
29. See Geher, 2004.
30. See, for example,, Mayer & Geher, 1996.
31. See, for example,, Casey, Garrett, Brackett, & Rivers, 2008.
32. See Casey et al., 2008.
33. See Brackett, Warner, & Bosco, 2005.
34. See Mayer et al., 2000.
35. See Geher & Miller, 2008.
36. See Geher, Camargo, & O’Rourke, 2008.
37. See Casey et al., 2008.
38. See Keller, 2008.
39. See Dawkins, 1989.
40. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
41. See Dugatkin, 2003.
42. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
43. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
44. See Saad & Vongas, 2008.
45. See Kruger, 2008.
46. See Saad, 2011.
47. See Reiber, 2010.
48. See Buss, 2003.
49. See Buss & Schmitt, 1996.
50. See Haselton, Buss, Oubaid, & Angleitner, 2005.
51. See O’Sullivan, 2008.
52. See Geher & Gambacorta, 2010; and Geher, 2006.
53. See, for example, Kurzban & Haselton, 2006; Pinker, 2002.
54. See Geher & Gambacorta, 2010.
55. See Ekman, 2009.
56. See Ekman, O’Sullivan, & Frank, 1999.
57. See Fisher, et al., 2009.
58. See Demarest, Snee, & Correa, 2008.
1. See Flam, 2008; Mystery, 2007, 2010; Strauss, 2005; and Thorn, 2011.
2. See Connor, 2008.
3. See Herald & Mishausen, 1999.
4. See Twenge & Campbell, 2009.
5. See Kramer et al., under review; and Sheng, Gheytanchi, & Aziz-Zadeh, 2010.
6. Campbell, 2005, p. 24.
7. See Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001; and Rhodewalt & Morf, 1995.
8. Twenge & Campbell, 2003, p. 270.
9. Vazire & Funder, 2006, p. 154.
10. See Campbell, 2005.
11. See Foster, Campbell, & Twenge, 2003; and Stinson et al., 2008.
12. See Stinson et al., 2008.
13. See Emmons, 1984.
14. See Raskin & Novacek, 1989.
15. See Holtzman & Strube, 2011.
16. See, for example, Bleske-Rechek, Remiker, & Baker, 2008; and Gabriel, Critelli, & Ee, 1994.
17. See Bleske-Rechek, Remiker, & Baker, 2008.
18. See Holtzman & Strube (in press); and Vazire, Nauman, Rentfrow, & Gosling, 2008.
19. See Vazire, Naumann, Rentfrow, & Gosling, 2008.
20. See Del Paulhus, 1998.
21. See Young & Pinksy, 2006, pp. 464, 470.
22. See, for example, Pinsky & Young, 2009; and Young & Pinsky, 2006.
23. See Back, Schmukle, &Egloff, 2010a.
24. See Berscheid & Reis, 1998.
25. See Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2010b.
26. See Back & Kenny, in press.
27. See Ashton, Lee, & Paunonen, 2002; Borkenau & Liebler, 1992; Riggio & Riggio, 2002; and Scherer, 1986.
28. See Butler et al., 2003; DePaulo, 1992; and Grammer, Keki, Striebel, Atzmuller, & Fink, 2003.
29. See Borkenau, Brecke, Möttig, & Paelecke, 2009.
30. See Back et al., 2010a.
31. See Friedman, Riggio, & Casella, 1988; and Gueguen, 2008.
32. See Holtzman, Vazire, & Mehl, 2010.
33. Holtzman, Vazire, & Mehl, 2010, p. 482.
34. See Williams, Cooper, Howell, Yuille, & Paulhus, 2009.
35. See Foster, Shira, & Campbell, 2006.
36. See Vangelisti, 1990.
37. See Malamuth, 1996.
38. Also see Figueredo & Jacobs, 2010.
39. See Campbell & Foster, 2002; Campbell, Foster, & Finkel, 2002; and Foster, Shira, & Campbell, 2006.
40. See Foster & Campbell, 2005.
41. See Max, 2005.
42. See Bushman et al., 2003.
43. See Twenge & Campbell, 2003.
44. See Jones & Paulhus, 2010.
45. See Carlson & Gjerde, 2009; and Hill & Roberts, 2011.
46. See Foster, Campbell, & Twenge, 2003; Twenge, 2007; and Twenge, Konrath, Foster, Campbell, & Bushman, 2008a, 2008b.
47. See Hill & Roberts, 2011.
48. See Holtzman & Strube, 2011.
49. See Young & Pinksy, 2006.
50. See Belsky, Steinberg, & Draper, 1991; Gangestad, Haselton, & Buss, 2006; Gangestad & Simpson, 2000; Kurzban & Aktipis, 2007; and Vernon et al., 2008.
51. See Barry, Kerig, Stellwagen, & Barry, 2010; Morf & Rhodewall, 2001; and Otway & Vignoles, 2006.
52. See Emmons, 1984.
53. See Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2010a.
54. See Back et al., 2010a.
55. See Back et al., 2010a.
56. See Emmons, 1984.
57. See Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001.
58. Back et al., 2010a, p. 143.
59. See Back et al., 2010a.
60. See Otway & Vignoles, 2006.
61. See Back et al., 2010a.
62. See Austin, Farrelly, Black, & Moore, 2007; and Malterer, Glass, & Newman, 2008.
63. Hoffman, 2000, p. 30.
64. See Del Gaizo & Falkenbach, 2008; Fowles & Dindo, 2006; Harpur, Hare, & Hakstian, 1989; Levenson, Kiehl, & Fitzpatrick, 1995; Mahmut, Homewood, & Stevenson, 2008; Mealey, 1995; and Williams, Paulhus, & Hare, 2007.
65. See Ali, Amorim, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2009.
66. See Barlow, Qualter, & Stylianou, 2010.
67. See Ali & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2010.
68. See Hare, 1999.
69. See Wheeler, Book, & Costello, 2009.
70. See Ali & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2010.
71. See Jakobwitz & Egan, 2006.
72. See Dickman, 1990.
73. See Jones & Paulhus, 2011.
74. Jones & Paulhus, 2010, p. 682.
75. See Fulton, Marcus, & Payne, 2010.
76. See Gailliot & Baumeister, 2007.
77. See Flory, Molina, Pelham, Gnagy, & Smith, 2006.
78. See Jonason & Tost, 2010.
79. See Jones & Paulhus, 2010
80. See Baumeister, Gailliot, DeWall, & Oaten, 2006.
81. See Hare, 1999.
82. See Miyake et al., 2000.
83. See Figueredo & Jacobs, 2010.
84. See Figueredo et al., 2005.
85. See Jonason, Li, Webster, & Schmitt, 2009; and Paulhus & Williams, 2002.
86. See Jones & Paulhus, 2011.
87. From Jonason, personal communication.
88. See Jonason, Slomski, & Partyka, 2012; and Jonason & Webster, 2011.
89. See Holtzman & Strube, 2011; and Jonason, Li, Webster, & Schmitt, 2009.
90. Note similarities with Holtzman and Straube’s (in press) emerging hypothesis of narcissism.
91. See Jakobwitz & Egan, 2006; Jonason, Li, & Teicher, 2010; and Vernon, Villani, Vickers, & Harris, 2008.
92. See Jonason, Li, & Teicher, 2010.
93. See Jonason, Koenig, &Tost, 2010.
94. See Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010.
95. See, for example, Dion & Dion, 1988.
96. See, for example, Davis & Latty-Mann, 1987.
97. See Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010.
98. Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010, p. 609.
99. See Kiehl et al., 2001; and Munro et al., 2007.
100. Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010, p. 610.
101. See Jonason, Li, & Buss, 2010.
102. See, for example, Jonason, Li, Webster, & Schmitt, 2009.
103. See Wai & Tiliopoulos, 2012.
104. See Dziobek et al., 2008.
105. See Wai & Tiliopoulos, 2012.
106. See Nettle & Liddle, 2008.
107. See Austin et al., 2007.
108. See Esperger & Bereczkei, 2011.
109. Esperger & Bereczkei, 2011, p. 6.
110. See Kemper, 1990; and Josephs, Sellers, Newman, & Mehta, 2006.
111. See Henrich & Gil-White, 2001.
112. See Buttermore, 2006; and Cheng, Tracy, & Henrich, in press.
113. See Johnson, Burk, & Kirkpatrick, 2007; Josephs, Sellers, Newman, & Mehta, 2006; Kemper, 1990; and Mehta & Josephs, 2010.
114. See Reyes-Garcia et al., 2008; and von Rueden, Gurven, & Kaplan, 2008.
115. See Cheng, Tracy, & Henrich, in press.
116. See Tracy, Cheng, Robins, & Trzesniewski, 2009.
117. See Cheng, Tracy, & Henrich, in press.
118. See Cheng, Tracy, & Henrich, 2010.
119. See Urbaniak & Kilmann, 2003.
120. See Sadalla, Kenrick, & Vershure, 1987.
121. See Burger & Cosby, 1999.
122. See Sadalla, Kenrick, & Vershure, 1987.
123. See Jensen-Campbell, Graziano, & West, 1995.
124. See Snyder, Kirkpatrick, & Barrett, 2008.
125. See Parks & Stone, 2010.
126. See, for example, Hardy & Van Vugt, 2006.
127. See, for example, Kniffin & Wilson, 2004.
128. See Exline & Lobel, 1999.
129. See Fisher, Nadler, & Whitcher-Alagna, 1982.
130. See Monin, Sawyer, & Marquez, 2008.
131. See Ames, 2008a.
132. See Ames, 2008a; 2009.
133. See Carnevale & De Dreu, 2006.
134. See Stanik, Kurzban, & Ellsworth, 2010.
135. See Burger & Cosby, 1999.
136. See Urbaniak & Kilmann, 2003.
137. See Urbaniak & Kilmann, 2006.
138. See Regan & Berscheid, 1997.
139. See Urbaniak & Kilmann, 2003.
140. Herold & Milhausen, 1999, p. 342.
141. See Glick & Fiske, 1996, 2001.
142. See Bohner et al., 2010; Chapleau et al., 2007; Hall & Canterberry, 2011; Johannesen-Schmidt & Eagly, 2002; Lee et al., 2010; and Travaglia et al., 2009.
143. See Hall & Canterberry, 2011.
144. See Olderbak & Figueredo, 2010; and Olderbak & Figueredo, in preparation.
145. See Kirkpatrick & Davis, 1994.
146. See Kirkpatrick & Davis, 1994.
147. See Meston & Buss, 2009.
148. See Gangestad et al., 2004.
149. See Galinsky & Sorenstein, 2011.
150. Campbell, 2005, p. 213.
151. See Grayson & Stein, 1981; Murzynski & Degelman, 1996; and Sakaguchi & Hasegawa, 2006.
152. See Grayson and Stein, 1981.
153. See Book, Quinsey, & Langford, 2007; Gunns, Johnston, & Hudson, 2002; Hall, Coats, & Smith-Le Beau, 2005; Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArthur, 1988; and Richards, Rollerson, & Phillips, 1991.
154. Mauro, 2010.
155. Campbell, 2005, p. 215.
156. See Hawley, 1999; Jonason, Li, Webster, & Schmitt, 2009; and Lievens, Chasteen, Day, & Christensen, 2006.
1. See, for example, Kruger & Nesse, 2007.
2. See Kruger, 2010.
3. See, for example, Chagnon, 1968.
4. See Smith, 2007.
5. See Kirby, Lepore, & Ryan, 2005.
6. In Perina, 2007.
7. See Geher & Miller, 2008.
8. See Spence & Helmreich, 1972.
9. See Hill & Fischer, 2008.
10. See Geher & Kaufman, 2007.
11. See Comer, 2003.
12. See Nesse, 2005.
13. See Geher & Miller, 2008; and Miller, 2000.
14. See Wilson, Geher, & Waldo, 2009.
15. See Daly & Wilson, 1985.
16. See Daly, Wilson, & Weighorst, 1982.
17. See Buss, 2005b.
18. See Buss, 2003.
19. See Burch & Gallup, 2004.
20. See Muelenhard & Linton, 1987.
21. See, for example, Burch & Gallup, 2004.
22. See Jonason, Li, & Richardson, 2010.
23. See Reitman, 2006.
24. See England, Shafter, & Fogarty, 2007; Garcia & Reiber, 2008; Lambert, Kahn, & Apple, 2003; Paul & Hayes, 2002; and Paul, McManus, & Hayes, 2000.
25. See Garcia & Reiber, 2010.
26. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
27. See Kruger, 2008.
28. See Miller, 2009.
29. See Saad & Vongas, 2008.
30. See Frank, 2004.
31. See Frank, 2004.
32. See Frank, 2004.
33. See Geher & Gambacorta, 2010.
34. See Geher, 2006; and Pinker, 2002.
35. See Kruger & Nesse, 2007.
36. See Kruger & Nesse, 2007.
37. See Peclet et al., 1990.
38. See Daly & Wilson, 1988.
39. See Kruger & Nesse, 2007.
40. See Johnsen & Geher, 2010.
41. See Giordano, Johnsen, & Geher, 2010.
42. See Kruger, 2010; and Kruger & Nesse, 2006, 2007.
43. See Clark & Hatfield, 1989.
44. See Maria Peclet et al., 1990.
45. See Krebs & Davies, 1997; and Nettle, 2009b, 2009c.
46. See Krebs & Davies, 1997; and Nettle, 2009b, 2009c.
47. See Bajekal, 2005.
48. See Nettle, 2010.
49. See Walker et al., 2006.
50. See Low, Hazel, Parker, & Welch, 2008.
51. See Promislow & Harvey, 1990.
52. See Geronimus, 1997.
53. See Nettle, 2009b, 2009c.
54. See Nettle, 2009b.
55. See Robson & Kaplan, 2003.
56. See Nettle, 2009b.
57. See Figueredo & Jacobs, 2010.
58. See Costello, Compton, Keeler, & Angold, 2003.
59. See Geronimus, Bound, & Waidmann, 1999.
60. See Nettle, 2009b.
61. See Blair, 2006; Friedman et al., 2006; Friedman et al., 2008; Garlick & Sejnowski, 2006; Heitz et al., 2006; and Kane & Engle, 2002.
62. See Howse, Calkins, Anastopoulos, Keane, & Shelton, 2003; McClelland et al., 2007; Rueda, Posner, & Rothbart, 2005; and Ponitz, McClelland, Matthews, & Morrison, 2009.
63. See Sternberg, 1997, 2011. The importance of looking at context in making sense of a wide range of intelligent behaviors has also been made quite convincingly by Ceci (1996).
64. See Diamond, Barnett, Thomas, & Munro, 2007, for an example of an intervention.
65. See Thompson-Schill, Ramscar, & Chrysikou, 2009.
66. Consult his Psychology Today blog “Freedom to Learn”: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/freedom-learn.
67. See Wilson, 2007.
1. See Perina, 2007.
2. See Geher & Kaufman, 2007.
3. See Geher & Kaufman, 2007.
4. See Geher, Camargo, & O’Rourke, 2008.
5. See Trivers, 1972.
6. See Geher & Kaufman, 2007.
7. See O’Brien, Geher, Gallup, Kaufman, & Garcia, 2010.
8. See, for example, Buss, 2003.
9. See Gangestad & Simpson, 2000.
10. See Thornhill & Gangestad, 2008.
11. See Raven’s Progressive Matrices; Raven, Raven, & Court, 2003.
12. See Miller, 2009.
13. See Geher, Camargo, & O’Rourke, 2008.
14. See Peterson, Geher, & Kaufman, 2011.
15. See O’Brien et al., 2010.
16. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
17. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
18. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
19. See Thornhill & Gangestad, 2008.
20. See Bleske-Recheck & Buss, 2001.
21. See Garcia & Reiber, 2008.
22. See Salovey & Mayer, 1990.
23. See Pipitone & Gallup, 2008.
24. See Penke et al., 2008.
25. See Landolfi, Geher, & Andrews, 2007.
26. See Haselton & Buss, 2000.
27. See Geher, 2009.
28. See O’Brien et al., 2010.
29. See O’Brien et al., 2010.
30. See O’Brien et al., 2010; and Crosier et al., in preparation.
31. See Geher, 2004.
32. See Mayer et al., 2000.
33. See Geher, 2004.
34. See Geher, Warner, & Brown, 2001.
35. See Bracket & Salovey, 2004.
36. If you are a young scholar in the behavioral sciences looking for an important research topic, might we suggest that you consider working on the development of psychometric indices of the cognitive mechanisms, personality traits, and abilities that underlie mating intelligence?