CONTENTS

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Preface

xiii

Introduction

3

PART ONE

CONCEPTUAL SIGNPOSTS

  1. Revolution

23

  2. Counterrevolution

45

  3. Violence

71

  4. Terror

93

  5. Vengeance

126

  6. Religion

141

PART TWO

CRESCENDO OF VIOLENCE

  7. The Return of Vengeance: Terror in France, 1789–95

171

  8. In the Eye of a “Time of Troubles”: Terror in Russia, 1917–21

227

PART THREE

METROPOLITAN CONDESCENSION AND RURAL DISTRUST

  9. Peasant War in France: The Vendée

323

10. Peasant War in Russia: Ukraine and Tambov

371

PART FOUR

THE SACRED CONTESTED

11. Engaging the Gallican Church and the Vatican

413

12. Engaging the Russian Orthodox Church

449

13. Perils of Emancipation: Protestants and Jews in the Revolutionary Whirlwind

483

PART FIVE

A WORLD UNHINGED

14. Externalization of the French Revolution: The Napoleonic Wars

533

15. Internalization of the Russian Revolution: Terror in One Country

607

Index

703