Arcelor/Mittal: 203 (© 2007), 213 (© 2012), 225 (©2012), 232–233 (© 2010), 246 (© 2007), 280 (©2012)
By permission of ASM International: 242 (from Basic Metallurgy, 1967)
By permission of John Wiley & Sons: 237 (Rolling Mill Roll Deflection, in Degarmo, E. Paul; Black, J. T.; Kohser, Ronald A., Materials and Processes in Manufacturing, 9th ed., 2003)
By permission of McGraw-Hill Education: 241
Bethlehem Steel Corporation: 204, 221 (top), 234–235
Cliffs Natural Resources: 112
Courtesy of Cindy Samargia Laun: 108–109, endpapers
Courtesy of Lucien Schilling, Luxembourg: 177
Courtesy of the National Canal Museum/Delaware & Lehigh National Heritage Corridor, Easton, Pennsylvania: 202, 206, 218
Courtesy of SMS Group: 221 (bottom), 226–227, 230, 238, 248, 249
Creative Commons: 15 (Daderot/Wikimedia Commons), 22 (Ralf Pfeifer/Wikimedia Commons)
Dundalk-Patapsco Neck Historical Society and Museum: 67, 68, 94–95, 147, 148–149, 150–151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 161, 165
Eric Bossick for Unique Japan: 27 (all)
Fred Hill, Photographer, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan: 127
George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film: 70–71
Heritage Research, Ltd. Photo by Wayne Chandler: 133
Lake Superior Maritime Collections, UW-Superior Special Collections: 117
Library of Congress: 12–13 (LC-D4-5935), 30 (LC-DIG-det-4a13400), 42–43 (LC-DIG-pga-05739), 45 (LC-USZ62-57564), 52 (LC-DIG-det-4a27566), 54 (LC-USZ62-120152), 58 (LC-USZC4-5734), 62 (LC-USZ62-126046), 63 (LC-USZ62-75198), 72 (LC-USZ62-106305), 74–75 (PAN US GEOG Ohio no. 2), 76 (LC-DIG-ggbain-17887), 77 (LC-DIG-npcc-01215), 80 (LC-DIG-det-4a10413), 83 (LC-DIG-det-4a24599), 87 (LC-DIG-hec-22048), 93 (LC-DIG-fsa-8a1007), 104 (LC-USZ62-69197), 106 (LC-DIG-fsa-8c20455), 158 (HAER PA,2-DUQU,3-), 178–179 (HAER OHIO,18-CLEV,34--19)
Lorain (Ohio) Morning Journal: 254
Los Angeles County Museum of Art: 19 (M.76.97.773), 21 (M.2004.277)
Mark Ryan Photographics: 119
NASA: 103, 136 (Visible Earth Image)
National Archives and Records Administration: 89 (306197)
National Park Service/Harpers Ferry Center Commissioned Art Collection: 48
New York Public Library Digital Collections: 37
Public domain: 25 (from Popular Science Monthly, vol. 38); 38 (from Popular Science Monthly, vol. 38); 47; 60 (The Cyclopædia of American Biography, 1918)
Roger LeLievre: 120, 121, 124–125, 129, 139, 144–145
Science Museum/Science and Society Picture Library, United Kingdom: 36
Shutterstock: 50 (Nicku), 51 (Morphart Creation), 100–101 (Oleg Yermolov), 168 (Olivier Le Queinec), 176 (QiuJu Song), 178 (junrong), 191 (junrong), 206–207 (Laurentiu Iordache), 210 (mady70), 250–251 (hxdyl), 257 (axz700), 266 (hxdyl), 271 (Oleksiy Mark), 284–285 (beboy)
United States Steel Corporation: 107, 181, 182, 187, 196, 198, 201, 216
Vidicator Printing Co.: 274–275
Viktor Mácha: 171
Walters Art Museum: 29 (51.581)