You’ve probably been itching to belly up to the nearest baby superstore or online baby registry for months now—maybe even before you had a belly. After all, those too-cute onesies (is that a matching hat and socks?), cuddly stuffed animals, and magical mobiles are hard to resist. But between the slings, swings, and strollers, the cribs and car seats, the burping cloths and blankies, the bibs and booties, buying for baby can get a little overwhelming (make that head-spinning), not to mention credit-card-maxing. So before you start sliding that card (or clicking “register now”), be sure to read up on baby gear must-haves, nice-to-haves, and probably-don’t-needs, so you can stock your little one’s nursery without cluttering it up—and without cleaning out your bank account.
With so many products to buy and register for, you may be tempted just to grab a virtual shopping cart and get started. But before you proceed to checkout, check out these baby buying guidelines:
• Do your homework before you bring products home. Babies tend to bring out the impulse buyer in everyone—but especially in starry-eyed first-time expectant parents (and particularly in hormone-hazy moms-to-be). To avoid buyer’s remorse (when you realize that a newborn’s bottom is warm enough without prewarmed wipes or that 41 newborn onesies were probably 31 too many or that you didn’t really need Hollywood’s favorite jogging stroller when you don’t ever plan on jogging in Hollywood—or anywhere), think and link before you buy. Read online reviews, do comparison shopping, and tap into your most in-the-know network, other parents—including those on WhatToExpect.com. They’ll tell you like it is, and isn’t, when it comes to much-hyped and high-priced products and product features.
• Shop for the right registry (or registries). Before you narrow down your layette list, narrow down the list of stores where you’ll be buying or registering for most of those goodies. Consider return policies (because you may end up with too much of a good thing—or find that some good things aren’t so good after all), restocking charges, whether purchases and exchanges can be made both online and in stores, and convenience (is there a brick-and-mortar store close to you and most of your friends and family?). But also ask around—your message board and Facebook buddies who’ve shopped this way before will be your best registry resources (or even have lists of their own must-haves they’ve shared—check out the “Love-it Lists” at whattoexpect.com/loveit. Though you may not be able to find one-stop shopping for all your baby needs, try to keep your registries down to a reasonable two or three by looking for sites or stores that carry most of what you’re signing up for.
• Shop for baby in baby steps. Start with newborn needs (that will be plenty). Hold off buying gear you won’t need until later in your baby’s first year, when you’ll better know your needs and your little one’s. (Though, consider registering for big ticket items anyway, even if you won’t need them right away—especially if you’re hoping friends and family will step up to the plate … and the high chair.) Decided to play the baby gender guessing game? Some stores will allow you to order your layette and not pick it up or have it delivered until after the baby is born—at which time you can specify the colors and patterns to make a more gender-specific statement, if you’re not a fan of neutral shades. But also remember, there’s no layette law that says girls can’t wear blue overalls and boys pink polos—or that a girl’s nursery can’t reach for the stars (and planets) and a boy’s can’t feature bunnies.
• Be a baby-stuff borrower. You’re bringing home your own baby, of course, but that doesn’t mean you can’t bring home some of your friend’s baby stuff. Or your cousin’s. Or your sister’s. Since babies need so much stuff (or really, parents need so much stuff to care for their babies), it makes sense—and saves dollars—to borrow what you can. All of the gear that really gets used will soon have a lived-in (or grown-out) look anyway, whether you borrow or buy new (that’s definitely true of clothes). Just keep in mind that safety regulations change and that you should check out any product for recalls or features that don’t meet current standards. A car seat is one item that’s definitely safest bought brand new.
Ready to lay out a bundle for your little bundle’s layette and nursery? It’s true that your tiny baby—who will arrive in the world equipped with nothing but a birthday suit—will be a whole lot more high-maintenance in the next 12 months than he or she was in the past 9. But before you get overwhelmed by the lists of clothes, supplies, gear, and furniture that follow, remember they’re just meant to guide you. Don’t feel compelled to buy (or borrow) everything on these lists, or everything on any registry or layette list—certainly not all at once. Your baby’s needs (and yours) will be unique and ever evolving (just like you and your baby).
By far the most fun you’ll have preparing for baby will be shopping for those itty-bitty, crazy-cute clothes. In fact, it may take considerable reserves of willpower to keep yourself from overfilling your baby’s closet with too many adorable outfits. Just keep in mind—less is usually more than enough, especially when it comes to small sizes, since newborns grow fast.
Undershirts, onesies (aka creepers, bodysuits). For your newborn, your best bets are undershirts (short or long sleeved, depending on the weather) that open in the front, with snaps on the sides. These are easier to get on that floppy frame in the first few weeks, and until your baby’s umbilical stump falls off, it’s better not to have tight clothes rubbing against it. Another option: a onesie with a specially designed opening at the navel to expose the stump to air and prevent rubbing. Once the stump does fall off, you can switch to the pullover onesie style, which is smoother and more comfortable for baby. These one-piece bodysuits (also called creepers) have snap openings on the bottom for easy diaper access and don’t ride up, keeping tummies covered in cool weather. Look for a wide opening at the neck for easy on, easy off. Once style starts to matter more, you can graduate to bodysuits that look more like shirts (long or short sleeved), made to be worn under pants, skirts, or leggings. For now, consider buying 5 to 10 undershirts (newborn size) and 7 to 10 onesies.
Stretchies with feet. Footed outfits keep tootsies toasty without socks, making them especially practical (as you’ll soon find out, socks and booties—cute as they are—rarely stay put for long). Make sure they have snaps or zippers at the crotch for easy access to baby’s bottom, which you’ll be visiting quite often. Otherwise, you’ll be undressing and redressing at every diaper change. You may find that zippers have the edge, since they’ll save you the frustration of trying to line up all those little snaps when you’re sleep-deprived or in a rush, or baby’s crying for a feed. Consider buying around 7 footed stretchies.
Rompers. These are one-piece, short-or long-sleeved outfits with or without legs that typically snap at the crotch and down the legs. Consider buying 3 to 6.
Two-piece outfits. These are smart-looking but not as sensible as one-piece (two pieces are twice as tricky to put on and take off), so try to limit yourself—it will be hard!—to 1 or 2 of them. Look for two-piecers that snap together at the waist so the pants don’t slide down and the shirt doesn’t ride up.
Nightgowns with elastic bottoms. While stretchies can also stand in as sleepwear, some parents prefer nightgowns for their babies, especially in the early weeks, when the easy-open bottoms make those middle-of-the-night diaper changes a snap (without the snaps). Consider buying 3 to 6 nightgowns—and avoid gowns that close at the bottom with drawstrings (strings over 6 inches are a safety hazard). Sleepwear for children must meet federal standards for flame resistance—a label will tell you whether or not a particular outfit is designated as safe-for-sleep or not.
Blanket sleepers or sleep sacks. These sleepers keep baby cuddly warm without a comforter or blanket (which should be avoided because of the risk of suffocation or SIDS; click here). These wearable blankets provide plenty of kicking and arm-waving room and can keep a baby cozy during those nights when a stretchy or nightgown doesn’t provide enough warmth. They come in lightweight cotton (for summer nights when the AC is on) and fleece (for winter sleeping—though to avoid overheating be sure not to dress your baby too warmly underneath the sleep sack). Consider buying 2 to 3 seasonally appropriate ones.
Sweaters. One lightweight sweater will do the trick for a warm-weather baby, 1 to 2 heavier ones will be needed if baby’s arriving in winter. Look for sweaters (or sweatshirts or hoodies, but without strings) that are washable and dryable as well as easy on, easy off.
Hats. Summer babies need at least 1 lightweight hat with a brim (for sun protection). Winter babies need 1 or more heavier-weight hats to stay warm (a lot of the body’s heat escapes through the head, and since a baby’s head is disproportionately large, there’s a lot of potential for heat loss). Hats should be shaped to cover the ears snugly but not too tightly. Another outdoor accessory to consider for an older baby: good-quality sunglasses (click here for more).
Bunting bag or snowsuit with attached mitts, for a late fall or winter baby living in a four-season climate. A bunting bag is easier on, easier off than a snowsuit (no trying to negotiate feet into leg holes), but it may have to be retired once baby is more active. Some buntings convert into snowsuits. Any bunting you use should have a slot on the bottom for a car seat strap, to make buckling up easier and more secure.
Booties or socks. As you’ll soon find out, these are often kicked off within moments after they’re put on (something you probably won’t notice until you’re halfway down the street or on the other side of the mall), so look for styles that promise to stay put. You’ll need just 5 to 6 pairs for starters—add more as baby grows.
Bibs. Even before you introduce your sweetie to sweet potatoes, you’ll need bibs to protect clothes from spit-up and drool. Consider buying a minimum of 3 bibs—you’ll always have at least one in the laundry basket.
Soft against baby’s skin is a given, but here are some other practical hints for choosing the right linens. You’ll notice that bumpers and crib blankets and comforters don’t make this list at all—that’s because none of them are recommended for use in a baby’s crib or other sleeping area.
Fitted sheets for crib, portable crib, bassinet, and/or carriage. Whatever colors and patterns you choose, when it comes to sheets, size matters. For safety’s sake, sheets should fit very snugly, so they can’t get loose in the crib. You’ll need around 3 to 4 of each size—especially if your baby spits up a lot and you’re changing the sheets often. You might also consider half sheets that tie or snap on to the crib bars and go on top of the fitted sheet. It’s easier to change just the half sheet than to take up the hard-to-remove fitted sheet. Be sure the half sheets are securely attached. Also for safety’s sake, don’t use any top sheets or other loose bedding.
Waterproof pads. How many pads you’ll need will depend on how many surfaces in your home will need protecting: think crib (put the pad under the mattress cover), carriage, furniture, laps. At a minimum you’ll want 1 to 2.
Quilted mattress pads for crib. Again, the fit should be very snug. And skip the kinds that have plush tops. Two pads should be enough (one to use when the other’s in the wash).
Blankets for carriage or stroller. Blankets are fine to use over a baby who’s buckled into a car seat or stroller (or a baby who’s otherwise being supervised). But don’t use any blankets on your baby during sleep (except for that swaddler or sack), since loose bedding of any kind is a SIDS risk factor. It’s much safer to rely on sleep sacks or other toasty sleepwear to keep your little one comfortably warm. Buy 1 to 2 blankets and you’re covered.
Towels and washcloths. Hooded towels are best, since they keep baby’s head warm after a bath (and weren’t you eyeing that one with the puppy ears anyway?), and wash mitts are easier to use than standard cloths (plus they’re often cuter). Look for soft towels and washcloths, and consider buying 2 or 3 towels and 3 to 5 washcloth mitts.
Burp cloths, for protecting your shoulders when burping baby, for emergency bibs, and much more. A dozen burping cloths are a good start. If you find you’re going through many more because your little one has proven to be a big-time spitter, you can always add to your collection.
Receiving/swaddling blankets, swaddlers with velcro, or zip-up pods. Most newborns like being swaddled right from the start, especially during sleep, which is one reason hospitals routinely bundle them in receiving (or swaddling) blankets. Click here for tips on how to swaddle your baby safely—and keep in mind there are many easier alternatives to do-it-yourself swaddles, from velcro wraps (some secure baby’s arms with swaddle “wings” within the swaddler) to snug zip-up pods (two-way zippers allow you to access the diaper region without unswaddling baby) to hybrid swaddle sacks (swaddle on top, sack on the bottom). Since you may have to do some switching around to see what type works best for you and your baby, don’t overbuy. Also remember to check the weight minimums and maximums for a swaddler (a very small baby needs to grow into certain kinds—and a very large baby may outgrow them all in no time). You probably won’t need more than 4 swaddlers, total.
So, it’s a given your baby will need diapers and lots of them—but the question is, which kind? From several subgroups of cloth to a bewildering range of disposables, there are evermore entries in the diaper derby, but no conclusive winners. How will you choose the diaper that best fits your baby’s bottom (and your bottom line)? First, check out the options:
Disposable diapers. They’re the first choice of parents by far, and there are plenty of reasons why. Among the perks: Disposables are convenient to reach for and a cinch to change (even for brand new parents), plus they’re easy on the go (you can dump dirty diapers in the trash instead of carting them back home for laundry or pickup). What’s more, since they’re ultra-absorbent and have an inner liner that keeps wetness away from baby’s tender skin, they don’t have to be changed as often as cloth diapers (a change for the better, some would say). The extra absorbency and snugger fit also makes them less prone to leaks.
Of course, there’s a flip side to these favored features. For one thing, a super-absorbent diaper can lead to too-infrequent changes, which can lead to rashes. For another, when fluid is soaked up so efficiently, it’s harder to gauge how much your little one is peeing—making it tougher to judge whether he or she is getting enough to eat. (Much) later on, the ultra-absorbency in disposables can make potty training trickier: Because toddlers are less likely to feel wet and uncomfortable, they may not be as quick to say bye-bye to diapers. Having to shop for and lug the diapers home is also a potential disadvantage, but this drawback can be avoided if you order online.
Another con is price. While cloth diapers come with a greater initial investment, they’re way cheaper over the long haul than disposables. (And heads up: It will definitely be a long haul before your tot is out of diapers.) Something else to add to the con list: If you pull too hard, the tabs on some disposables can easily rip (and inevitably it’ll happen when you’re on the run and you’re down to the last diaper). Also on the minus side: Disposable diapers definitely aren’t the greenest way to manage your baby’s BM—disposables account for 3.4 million tons of landfill waste per year and don’t decompose. (There are some disposable insert liners that are flushable and biodegradable. You use them with nondisposable covers, so they’re like a hybrid diaper.)
Wondering about going green when it comes to disposable diapers? While there are no conclusive studies to show that any of the chemicals (such as dioxin), chlorine, dyes, and gels that lurk in traditional disposables are harmful, a few babies can have allergic reactions to some of that stuff. Choosing from the (small) array of truly greener disposable varieties can potentially help avoid such allergies and help you feel better about doing your part for the environment. But there are many shades of green, so you’ll have to do your homework before settling on one brand. Some diapers that claim to be environmentally friendly actually contain chemical gels, chlorine, or plastic. Others contain corn or wheat, which can be allergenic for some babies. And still others are either not biodegradable at all or are only 60 percent compostable. Better than zero percent, certainly, but important to factor in. You’ll also want to try out a few brands until you find one that works for you and your little one’s bottom, since some green disposables aren’t top notch when it comes to poop control. One last consideration: These “eco-friendly” disposables are typically not wallet-friendly.
Cloth diapers. Available in cotton, terry cloth, or flannel, cloth baby diapers can come either as prefolded pieces of cloth liners or as all-in-ones (diapers and covers that look similar to a disposable diaper). Unless you’re using a diaper service (which rents out cloth diapers, washes them, and delivers clean ones to your door), cloth diapers will save you some money compared to disposable diapers for the same amount of time. If you’re worried about the dyes and gels used in some disposables, or want to diaper “green,” cloth diapers are the way to go. Another consideration: Since cloth diapers are less absorbent than disposables, you’ll need to change diapers more often (a con if you consider diaper changing a chore, a pro if you find more frequent changes results in fewer rashes). Another plus: Potty training (when the time comes) may be easier to accomplish, since cloth-bottomed tots are likely to notice wetness sooner—a possible incentive for graduating to underpants.
The downside to cloth diapers, however, is that they can be messy, although some come with disposable liners that make them easier to clean, and they’re more cumbersome to change, unless you use the all-in-ones (which are more expensive and take a lot longer to dry). You’ll be doing more laundry, too—probably 2 to 3 extra loads per week—and that means higher utility bills. If you use diaper companies to launder the cloths, remember they’ll be using plenty of chlorine to disinfect them, so they’re not the completely chemical-free option, either. And, unless you’re using disposables when you’re out, you’ll probably have to carry a few poopy (and smelly) diapers back home with you. Something else to keep in mind: Many cloth diapers aren’t that absorbent initially, thanks to their natural materials, so it’ll take a number of washings in hot water (at least 5 or 6) before they reach optimal absorbency.
Have a fear of diaper commitment? Some parents decide to use cloth diapers for the first few months—a time when a baby usually spends more time at home than on the go—and then graduate to disposables as the logistics of toting cloth become too much like hard work. Others do the diaper combo right from the start—cloth when they’re convenient, disposables when they’re not (or at bedtime, when greater absorbency can spell a better night’s sleep).
Also, prepare to … yes … go with the flow when it comes to your diaper selection. Some babies end up with a sensitivity or even an allergy to a certain type of disposable diaper, other babies may just be the kind of heavy wetter or messy pooper that’s just not easily contained by cloth. It’s always possible you’ll be ready for a change of diapers after you’ve logged in a couple of months of diaper changes.
If you’re using disposable diapers, buy one or two packages of the newborn size and then wait until after baby is born (so you’ll know how big your baby is) before stocking up on more. Baby’s born smaller than expected? You can quickly order or pick up a stash of preemie size. If you’re using cloth diapers and plan to wash them yourself every three or so days, purchase 2 to 3 dozen (more if you’ll be doing laundry less often), plus 2 dozen disposable diapers (once you know baby’s size) so you can use them for outings and emergencies. If you’re planning to use a diaper service, sign up in your eighth month and they will be ready to deliver as soon as you do.
Babies smell pretty terrific naturally, they stay pretty clean (at least, initially), and as far as their grooming, they’re pretty low maintenance. When you look for baby toiletries, less is more in number of products—you need far fewer than manufacturers and retailers would have you believe—and in number of product ingredients:
Baby bath wash, liquid or foam. To freshen up your baby at bath time, look for a gentle-formulation baby bath wash. Some do convenient double duty as shampoo and body wash.
No-tears baby shampoo. For young infants, no-tears baby shampoo is best. The foam kind may be easier to control because it stays put.
Baby oil. This can come in handy if you need to gently clean a sticky poop off a sore bottom. It’s also often prescribed for cradle cap. But no need to use it routinely or to cover your baby in the stuff—remember, oiled-up babies are slippery babies.
Ointment or cream for diaper rash. Most diaper rash creams or ointments are the barrier kind—meaning they act as a barrier between baby’s tender tush and the harsh ingredients in pee and poop. Ointments go on clear, while creams (especially those that contain zinc oxide) usually smear on white. The creams, which are thicker than the ointments, tend to provide better protection against—or even act to prevent—diaper rash. Some brands also contain other soothing ingredients such as aloe or lanolin.
It’s always best to try a brand out before you start stocking up—some work better for some babies than others.
Petroleum jelly, such as Vaseline. You can use this to lubricate some rectal thermometers (others require a water-based lubricant, such as K-Y Jelly or Astroglide). It can also be used as a diaper rash preventer, though not as a treatment for rash.
Diaper wipes, for diaper changes, hand washing on the go, cleanups after spit-ups and leaky diaper incidents, and dozens of other uses. There are also reusable cloth diaper wipes if you’d rather go green, or if your baby turns out to be allergic to certain brands. Thinking of buying a diaper-wipe warmer to go with? Though some parents swear by a warm wipe (especially on chilly nights), the bottom line is they’re not a must-have. Bottoms are plenty warm without prewarmed wipes. Plus, some warmers dry the wipes out quickly. Another consideration if you’re thinking about a warmer: Warm wipes are an easy habit for babies to buy into, and once they do, they may be reluctant to switch to straight-from-the-package.
Cotton balls, for washing baby’s eyes and for cleaning that sweet bottom in the first few weeks. Skip the cotton swabs, since they aren’t safe to use on a baby.
Baby nail scissors or clippers. Sharp adult nail scissors are too risky to wield on a squirmy baby—and those tiny nails grow faster than you’d think. Some clippers come with a built-in magnifier so it’s easier to see what you’re doing.
Baby brush and comb. Far from all babies have hair to brush or comb, so you may or may not end up needing these items in the first few months.
Baby tub. New babies are slippery when wet—not to mention squirmy. All of which can serve to unnerve even the most confident parents when it comes time for that first bath. To make sure it’s fun and safe to rub-a-dub-dub when your infant’s in the tub, invest in or borrow a baby tub—most are designed to follow a newborn’s contours and offer support while preventing him or her from sliding under the water. They come in myriad styles: plastic, foam cushions, mesh sling, and so on. Some “grow” with your baby and can be used all the way through the toddler years (when placed in a regular bathtub).
When buying a baby tub, look for one that has a nonskid bottom (inside and out) and a smooth rounded edge that will retain its shape when filled with water (and baby), is easy to wash, has quick drainage, a roomy size (large enough for your baby at 4 or 5 months, as well as now), support for baby’s head and shoulders, portability, and has a mildew-resistant foam pad (if applicable). Another option to the baby tub, at least initially, is a thick sponge specially designed to cushion the baby in a sink or a tub.
Here’s one area where less isn’t more—and less may actually not be enough. Because you never know when you might need one of the following items (and when you don’t have it is when you’re most likely to need it, Murphy’s Law and all), err on the side of excess. Most important, store all of these items safely out of reach of infants and children:
Acetaminophen, such as Infant Tylenol, which can be used after age 2 months. You can use ibuprofen (Infant Advil, Infant Motrin) once your baby is older than 6 months.
Antibiotic ointment or cream, such as bacitracin or neomycin, for minor cuts and scrapes, if recommended by baby’s doctor.
Hydrogen peroxide, for cleaning cuts. A nonstinging, nonaerosol spray that numbs or relieves pain as it cleans can make the job even easier.
Calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream (0.5 percent), for mosquito bites and itchy rashes.
Electrolyte fluid (such as Pedialyte), for fluid replacement in the case of diarrhea. Use it only if your baby’s doctor has specifically advised it—he or she will let you know what the right dose is, depending on the age of your little one.
Sunscreen, recommended for babies of all ages (but don’t rely on sunscreen to protect your newborn’s extra tender skin—keep him or her out of direct sunlight, especially during seasonal peak hours).
Rubbing alcohol, for cleaning thermometers.
Calibrated spoon, dropper, medicine pacifier, and/or oral syringe, for administering medications (but always use the one that comes with a medication, when provided).
Bandages and gauze pads, in a variety of sizes and shapes.
Adhesive tape, for securing gauze pads.
Tweezers, for pulling out splinters.
Nasal aspirator. You’ll definitely get to know and love this indispensable product, fondly known in baby-care circles as “the snot sucker.” The traditional bulb syringe is inexpensive and works well for clearing a stuffy nose, so you probably won’t need to spring for the battery-operated type. There are other kinds of nasal aspirators on the market, including one that gets its suction from you (through a tube you suck on).
Cool mist humidifier. If you choose to buy a humidifier, cool mist is the best (warm mist or steam humidifiers can lead to burns), but keep in mind that they must be cleaned thoroughly and regularly according to the manufacturer’s directions to avoid the growth of mold and bacteria.
Thermometer. Click here for choosing and using a thermometer.
Heating pad and/or warm-water bottle, for soothing a colicky tummy or other ache—but be careful not to use one that gets hot and always wrap it in a cover or cloth diaper.
If you’ll be breastfeeding exclusively, you’re already equipped with your two most important supplies. Otherwise, you’ll need to stock up on some or all of the following:
Bottles. BPA-free baby bottles and their nipples (all bottles and nipples are required by the Food and Drug Administration to be BPA-free; click here) come in a dizzying variety of shapes—from angle-necked bottles to ones with disposable liners, wide bottles to natural flow ones, orthodontic-shaped nipples to breast-shaped nipples, as well as a nipple that rolls as baby’s head moves. Choosing the right bottle and nipple for your baby will be based on a combination of trial and error, recommendations from friends (and online reviewers), and your personal preference. Don’t worry if the bottle you originally choose for how it looks and feels ends up being the wrong fit for your little one—just switch styles until the right one sticks (a good case for trying before you stock up). Choose from the following bottle styles:
• Standard bottles come with straight or curvy sides and can be made from BPA-free plastic, glass, or even stainless steel. Some bottles come with bottom valves that are supposed to minimize air intake during feeding—theoretically minimizing gas in your little cutie’s tummy.
• Wide-neck bottles, which are shorter and fatter than standard bottles, are meant to be used with wider nipples so that they feel more like the breast to babies. There are also some wide-necked bottles that come with nipples that are shaped more like those on a breast. These bottles could be your go-to choice if you’re doing the combo (breast and bottle).
• Angle-neck bottles are bent at the neck, making it easier for you to hold but potentially a little more difficult for your little one to hold once he or she starts grabbing at the bottle. The angle allows the breast milk or formula to collect at the nipple, making your baby less likely to swallow air. And though these bottles make it easier to feed your little one in a semi-upright position—especially important if he or she is prone to spitting up, gassiness, or ear infections—they can be more difficult to fill (you’ll have to turn them sideways or use a funnel when pouring in liquid).
• Disposable-liner bottles have a rigid outer holder into which you slip disposable plastic liners (or pouches). As your baby drinks from the bottle, the liner collapses, leaving no space for air that might eventually find its way into your little one’s tummy. After feeds, just toss the empty liner.
• Natural flow bottles have a strawlike vent in the center of the bottle aimed at eliminating air bubbles that could increase gassiness. The downside is that there is more to clean after feeds—not only do you have to wash the bottle but also the straw mechanism—and that could be a pain (though perhaps not as much pain as you’ll be sparing baby’s tummy).
Stock up with four 4-ounce bottles and ten to twelve 8-ounce bottles. If you’re combining bottle-feeding with breastfeeding, four to six 8-ounce bottles should be plenty. If you’re nursing exclusively, one 8-ounce bottle is enough as a just-in-case.
Utensils for formula preparation. Exactly which items you’ll need will depend on the type of formula you plan to use, but the shopping list will usually include bottle and nipple brushes, large measuring pitcher and measuring cup if you’re using powdered formula, possibly a can opener (one that’s easy to clean), long-handled mixing spoon, and a dishwasher basket to keep nipples and rings (collars) from being tossed around the dishwasher.
A bottle and nipple rack. Even if you’re doing most of your bottle washing in the dishwasher, you’ll get plenty of use out of a drying rack specifically designed to hold and organize bottles and nipples.
Pumping supplies, if you’re breastfeeding but will be expressing milk. This includes a breast pump (click here for information and advice on choosing one of the types of breast pumps available and information on insurance coverage), storage container bags made specifically for storing and freezing breast milk (they are sterile, thicker than regular plastic bags or bottle liners, and lined with nylon to prevent the fat from adhering to the sides) or bottles (plastic or glass) to collect and freeze breast milk, a thermal insulated bag to keep pumped milk fresh during transport, and possibly hot/cold packs for relieving engorgement and encouraging let-down.
A pacifier. It’s not technically a feeding supply, but it will satisfy your baby’s between-feed sucking needs. Plus, pacifiers are suggested for use during sleep, since they have been shown to reduce the risk of SIDS. There are plenty of styles and sizes to choose from—different babies show a preference for different pacis, so be prepared to switch around to find your little one’s favorite.
There are the standard-shaped pacifiers with a straight, elongated nipple, the orthodontic pacifiers, which have a rounded top and a flat bottom, and the “cherry” nipples, which have a trunk that becomes ball shaped toward the end. The nipples themselves can be made of silicone or latex. Some reasons to opt for silicone: It’s sturdier, longer-lasting, doesn’t retain odors, and is top-rack dishwasher safe. Latex, while softer and more flexible, deteriorates faster, wears out sooner, can be chomped through by baby teeth, and isn’t dishwasher safe. Babies (like adults) can also be sensitive to or allergic to latex.
There are some one-piece pacifiers entirely made out of latex, but most pacifiers have plastic shields, usually with ventilation holes on them. The shields can be different colors (or transparent) and differently shaped (butterfly, oval, round, and so on). Some shields curve toward the mouth and others are flat. Some pacifiers have rings on the back, while others have “buttons.” Ring handles make the paci easier to retrieve, but button handles may make it easier for your baby to grasp the pacifier. There are pacifiers with handles that glow in the dark so they’re easier to find at night.
Some pacifiers have a built-in cover that automatically snaps closed if the pacifier is dropped, others have snap-on caps to help the paci stay clean (though a cap is another thing to keep track of—and you’ll need to keep it away from baby because it’s a choking hazard). And talking about hazards, remember: No matter how tempting it is to attach the paci to your baby’s clothes—especially after the twelfth time it’s slipped out of his or her mouth and onto the floor—never attach a cord or ribbon that’s more than 6 inches long to a pacifier. Clips and shorter tethers designed for pacis are fine.
A newborn’s needs are basic: a pair of loving arms to be cuddled and rocked in, a set of breasts (or a bottle) to feed from, and a safe place to sleep. In fact, many of the products, furnishings, and accessories marketed as nursery must-haves are really unneccessaries. Still, you’ll be doing plenty of buying when it comes to baby’s new room—or, if you’ll be sharing, baby’s corner of your room. Of course you’ll want to fill your baby’s nursery with an eye toward cuteness (even though the room’s chief resident won’t care much about whether the wallpaper matches the curtains), but you’ll also want to keep both eyes on safety. Which means, among other things, a crib that meets current safety standards (many hand-me-down cribs, cradles, and bassinets don’t), a changing table that won’t take a tumble, and lead-free paint on everything.
Be sure to follow the manufacturer’s directions for assembly, use, and maintenance of all items. Also, always send in your product registration card or register online so that you can be notified in case of a recall.
Crib. Style matters, but not as much as safety (see box), comfort, practicality, and durability, especially if you’re hoping to reuse it for any future siblings—assuming safety standards haven’t changed again by then.
There are two basic types of cribs—standard and convertible: Standard cribs can come with a hinged side to make it easier to lift baby out (don’t confuse these with drop-side cribs, which were banned by the Consumer Product Safety Commission in 2010) and sometimes will have a drawer on the bottom for storage. A convertible crib can take your tiny newborn all the way to strapping teen, converting from a crib (sometimes even a mini-crib) to a toddler bed and then to a daybed or full-size bed. That’s a lot of sweet dreams.
You should look for a crib that has a metal mattress support (which will withstand a jumping toddler better than wood will), adjustable mattress height so the mattress can be lowered as your baby grows, and casters (with a wheel lock) for mobility.
While most cribs are classic rectangles, some are oval or round shaped, offering a cocoonlike environment for your little one. Just keep in mind that you will need to buy a mattress, mattress covers, and sheets made to fit—standard sizes won’t.
Crib mattress. Because your baby will be sleeping on it a lot (hopefully), you’ll want to make sure the crib mattress you select is not only safe and comfortable, but made to go the distance. There are two types of crib mattresses:
• An innerspring is the heavier of the two types of mattress, which means it will usually last longer, keep its shape better, and offer superior support. It’s also more expensive than foam. A good (though not an absolute) rule of thumb when choosing an innerspring mattress is to look for one with a high number of coils. The higher the count (usually 150 or more), the firmer (and better quality, and safer) the mattress.
• A foam mattress is made of polyester or polyether, weighs less than an innerspring mattress (which means you’ll have an easier time lifting it to change those sheets), and is generally less expensive (though it may not last as long). If you’re buying foam, look for a mattress with high foam density, which will mean more support and safety for your baby.
The most important criteria? Safety. Make sure that the mattress is firm and fits snugly in the crib, with no more than two adult-finger widths between mattress and frame.
Bassinet or cradle. You can definitely skip these cozy crib alternatives and start using a crib from day one, but they can come in handy early on. For one thing, they’re portable—making it easy to bring your snoozing sweetie with you no matter what room of the house you’re in. Some can hit the road, too, folding neatly for travel and then setting up easily for safe sleeping and napping at grandma’s or in a hotel room. For another, the snugger sleep space it provides may be more comforting to a newborn than the wide open spaces of a crib. Still another perk of the bassinet or cradle: Its height is usually fairly close to that of your bed, allowing you to reach over and comfort (or lift out) your baby in the middle of the night, without even getting out of your bed. Planning to have your infant room in with you in the early months (as recommended by the AAP for safer sleep; click here)? A bassinet or cradle will save space in your bedroom, compared with a crib.
If you’re springing for a cradle or bassinet, look for a sturdy model with a wide and stable base. Also, make sure the sides of the bassinet or cradle—from the mattress (which should be firm and fit the interior securely) to the top—are at least 8 inches high. Wheels make it much easier to move from room to room, but they should come with locks—the legs should lock securely, too, if it’s a folding model. If there’s a hood, it should fold back so you’ll be able to transfer your sleeping baby easily from your arms into those cozy confines. And precious though they may be, steer clear of handcrafted or antique bassinets or cradles—they’re just not safe. A safe, low-cost sleep option for babies up to 6 months: a baby box. Gifted to new moms in Finland (and in some areas of the U.S., like New Jersey), it’s a durable box with a built-in mattress, designed to reduce the risk of SIDS. You can also buy a baby box online. Any model you use should meet current safety standards.
Play yard/portable crib. Play yards (also known as portable or travel cribs) are usually rectangular in shape, with a floor, mesh sides, and rails that lock and unlock for easy (but safe) collapsibility and folding. Most fold into a long rectangle and come with a carrying case for easy transport. Some have wheels, others have removable padded changing stations that fit on top, built-in bassinets for newborns, side storage areas, and even a canopy for shade (useful if you bring the play yard outdoors). Play yards can also be used as portable cribs when traveling or even as baby’s primary digs in the first few months (or beyond) if you opted not to spring for a bassinet (or if you’re not planning to get a crib). Do keep in mind that once you stop using the bassinet insert, shorter moms and dads may find it a stretch to lay baby down on the bottom of the play yard. When choosing a play yard, look for one with fine-mesh netting that won’t catch fingers or buttons, tough pads that won’t tear easily, padded metal hinges, a baby-proof collapse mechanism, quick setup, easy folding, and portability. It should also take removable fitted sheets for easy cleanup.
Changing space. By the time your baby has reached his or her first birthday, chances are you’ll have changed nearly 2,500 diapers (and sometimes, it will seem as though you’ve changed nearly that many in a single day). With such staggering numbers in mind, you’ll want to set up a comfortable place to change those diapers—one that is also convenient, safe, and easy to clean.
The obvious choice is a changing table—and if you choose one, you’ll have two options: a stand-alone changing table or a combination dresser/changing table, which has an oversize top or a flip-open top with a pad. With either option, look for one that is sturdy and has solid legs, safety straps, washable padding, diaper storage within your reach, and supply storage out of baby’s reach. Also test it out to make sure the height and maneuverability are comfortable for you. There are intuitively designed changing tables that allow you to position baby vertically instead of horizontally, making it easier to access the business end. If using the flip-open type of changing table, do not place baby’s weight on the outer edge: That can cause the entire chest to topple. One clear advantage of a combo changing table is the space-saving storage it provides.
While a designated changing table is definitely nice to have, it isn’t necessary if you’re short on space or money. You can actually turn an ordinary dresser or table into a changing space. If you go that route, you’ll need to shop for a thick pad with a safety strap to place on the dresser to keep it protected and to keep baby secure and comfortable. Make sure, too, that the dresser height is comfortable for you (and whoever else will be doing diaper duty) and that the pad doesn’t slide off the dresser top when you’re diapering a squirmy baby.
Diaper pail. Your baby’s bottom is sure to be sweet and adorable. But what comes out of it probably won’t be. Luckily, diapers are there to catch it all. But to catch all those dirty diapers, you’ll want a diaper pail designed to whisk away and store the evidence (and odor). If you’re using disposable diapers, you can choose a fancy diaper pail that tightly seals (or even coils) diapers in an odor-preventing plastic liner. Or look for one that uses ordinary garbage bags (because the special liner refills can get expensive). Whichever type you use, remember to empty the pail often (but hold your nose when you do, because the stench of stored diapers can knock you off your feet). Deodorized pails make sense for obvious reasons.
If you are using cloth diapers, choose a pail that is easy to wash and has a tight-fitting top that a baby or toddler can’t pry open. If you’re using a diaper service, the service will usually provide you with a deodorized diaper pail and cart away the stinky contents weekly.
Glider. Most parents are off their rockers these days, choosing a glider for the nursery instead. Gliders beat out rockers in comfort and safety, since they don’t tip over as easily and they’re free of runners, which children (and pets) can get caught under. While a glider isn’t technically a nursery necessity, you’re bound to get a lot of use out of one—not only for rocking your baby, but for feeding, snuggling, and years of cuddly story times (which you’ll want to start from birth; click here). Secondhand gliders usually still have lots of life left in them, so if someone you know is looking to unload theirs, you may want to snag it. If you’re buying new, let comfort guide you. Test before you buy, preferably using a doll as a prop—the arms of the chair should support your arms well in a feeding position, and the height should be at a level that allows you to get up smoothly while holding baby, without any stumbles that could startle your sleeping bundle. Many gliders come with matching gliding ottomans so you can kick up your tired dogs as you glide with your little puppy.
Baby monitor. A baby monitor allows parents to keep tabs on a sleeping infant without standing watch over the crib (though, realistically, you’ll be doing plenty of that in the first few weeks, too). It’s especially useful when your baby isn’t sharing a room with you, or if you’re in another part of the house when he or she is sleeping during the night or naps. Even if baby’s not within earshot of you, the monitor will alert you when he or she wakes.
There are a few types of monitors. The basic audio monitors transmit sound only. The transmitter is left in your baby’s room, and the receiver either goes where you go or stays in the room you’ll be in. Some monitors have two receivers so both parents can listen in (or you can keep one receiver in your bedroom and the other in the kitchen, for example). An added feature to the audio monitor is the “sound-and-light” feature. Such a monitor has a special LED display that enables you to “see” the sound level of your baby. An audio-video model allows you to see and hear your baby on a TV screen using a small camera placed near the baby’s crib. Some models have infrared technology so you can see your baby even if it’s dark in the nursery, and apps that allow you to peek in on baby’s sleep when you’re out and the sitter’s on duty. There are also movement sensor monitors—a sensor pad is placed under the mattress to detect baby movement. If the baby stops moving suddenly, an alarm sounds. Just keep in mind that research doesn’t show any SIDS prevention benefits from using these monitors.
Prefer to keep tabs on baby the old-fashioned way (by listening for crying)? Skip the monitor—after all, it’s hard not to hear a crying baby, even down the hall.
Nightlight. As you stumble out of bed for yet another middle-of-the-night feeding, you’ll be thankful for a nightlight (or a lamp with a dimmer). Not only will it keep you from tripping over that stuffed giraffe you left in the middle of the floor, but it will also keep you from having to turn on a bright light—guaranteed to disturb the sleepy darkness and make a return to dreamland more elusive. Look for a plug-in model that can safely be left on, and remember to put it in an outlet that baby can’t reach. Want a nightlight that does double duty as a soother for baby? Consider a light projector that displays a bright yet soothing, slowly rotating scene on the ceiling—stars, an underwater scene, a rain forest. Some play music—lullabies or peaceful ocean or white noise sounds—and most have a soft nightlight when the projection shuts off so you can find your way when you go in for diaper changes. Just make sure you don’t shine a bright light on baby’s room during sleep, since that can mess with natural sleep rhythms. And to protect baby’s delicate ears, keep any kind of light projector that plays musical sounds on a low-volume setting and don’t place it right next to the crib.
Thinking of leaving the house? You’ll want to, you’ll need to, and you’ll have to be prepared to—with, at minimum, a car seat and a stroller. As with other baby stuff you’ll be buying, there will be endless styles, colors, finishes, and features to choose from when picking gear for outings—and you’ll have to make your choices with safety, comfort, and your budget in mind. Lifestyle should be factored in, as well as ease of use and convenience (a plush stroller may look great on the sidewalk, but not as you’re struggling to fold it with one arm while holding a squirming baby in the other).
In general, look for items that meet federal safety standards and have adequate safety straps at the crotch and waist, where appropriate. You should avoid choosing any items that have rough edges, sharp points, small parts that might break loose, exposed hinges or springs, or attached strings, cords, or ribbons. Be sure to follow the manufacturer’s directions for use and maintenance of all items. Also, always send in your product registration card or register online so that you can be notified promptly in case of a recall.
Stroller. The right stroller (or strollers) can make your daily life with baby—from that walk in the park to that hike through the mall—much more manageable and much less exhausting. But wading through the dozens of choices (and price tags) in the store can be overwhelming. Because there are so many different types of strollers, carriages, travel systems, joggers, and stroller/carriage combinations available, you’ll need to consider your lifestyle in order to find the one (or ones) right for you. Will you be taking long, leisurely strolls with your baby on quiet suburban streets (or in that park)? Or will you be hitting the jogging trails with Junior? Do you spend a lot of time getting in and out of your car? Or more time climbing in and out of buses or subway stations? Will you be taking mostly short walks to the corner store, or will you also be taking long trips with your baby on airplanes or trains? Do you have a toddler at home who still likes to be in a stroller? Are you (or your spouse or caregiver) very tall or very short? Do you live in a small walk-up apartment, an elevator building, or a house with many steps at the front door? Once you’ve answered these questions, you’re armed with enough information to make your choice. And, depending on your budget, you might consider buying more than one type for more flexibility in your mobility.
The basic strollers and carriages available include:
• Full-size carriage strollers. If you’re looking to invest in one stroller that’ll wheel your baby right through the toddler years—and even convert into a double stroller when your firstborn gets a travel companion (aka a new sibling), you might consider a full-size stroller. These full-service and high-end strollers come with accessories that not only make baby’s ride a joy (toy attachments, bottle holders, plush, fully reclining seats, and in some cases, bassinets or other newborn/infant inserts), but also make your life easier (think large storage baskets and even iPod hookups). Most models fold flat easily, and while they’re heavier and more cumbersome than lightweight strollers, they are also very durable and will last many years (and through many babies, if you’re so inclined). And it’s a good thing, too, since they’re usually pretty pricey.
The downside to the large strollers is just that—they’re large, and sometimes difficult to navigate through crowds, doors, and aisles. Plus their extra weight (up to 35 pounds for some models) makes it a pain to be carried up and down stairs (especially when you add in the weight of your baby).
• Travel system stroller. You already know you’ll need both a car seat and a stroller, so why not get an all-in-one stroller that combines both in one convenient package? Travel system strollers are perfect for parents (and babies) on the go, combining a full-size, stand-alone stroller with an infant car seat that clips into the stroller when you’re on foot. The beauty is that since most babies drift off on even short car rides, an infant stroller travel system allows you to switch your sleeping beauty from car to stroller without disturbing those sweet dreams. Once your baby outgrows the infant car seat, the standalone stroller goes solo for the long haul. Of course, while a travel system can come in handy, there are some downsides. Some are heavy and bulky, making it tough to load into and out of your trunk, or even to fit into your trunk. Plus (another potential minus), you can use only the car seat that comes with the stroller. So if baby will be traveling in more than one car, you may need to buy a second car seat if you don’t want to unhook and reattach the one base the stroller comes with. This problem can be avoided if the car seat you buy offers the option of sold-separately bases, so you can leave a base in both your cars.
• Umbrella (lightweight) stroller. Umbrella strollers are ultralight (often weighing as little as 6 pounds) and exceptionally easy to fold. When folded, they are extremely compact for convenient carrying and storing. Since most do not recline or offer sufficient padding or support, they aren’t appropriate for small babies, but they’re ideal for older ones, especially when traveling, using public transportation, or getting in and out of a car often. You may want to hold off on buying an umbrella stroller until your baby’s big enough to be toted in it.
• Jogger stroller. Looking for a way to get back into shape and bring baby along for the ride? If you’re an avid jogger or enjoy long walks in the country or otherwise off the pavement, a jogger stroller might be the right choice for you. These strollers have three large wheels and great suspension, provide a smooth ride for your little passenger on all terrains thanks to shock absorbers, and are easy to maneuver. Many have a braking system and come with wrist straps and a storage pouch or basket. Most aren’t designed to tote newborns, so if you’re looking to hit the jogging path sooner rather than later, choose one that is designed with younger babies in mind (carefully check and follow the manufacturer’s age and weight recommendations). The biggest downside to the jogging stroller is the fixed front wheel, which makes it difficult to turn. Not to mention the large size, which could make it tough to navigate through crowded spaces and be a challenge to fold and store.
• Double (or triple) stroller. If you’re expecting baby number two and you have a toddler at home, or if you’ll be toting twins, you’ll need a double stroller (or triple if you’re expecting triplets, have a toddler and new twins, or have twin toddlers and a new baby). Double strollers offer the convenience of pushing two children as comfortably (almost) as pushing one. Choose from side-by-side models or front-to-back ones (one seat in front of the other). If you’re buying a side-by-side model, look for one that has reclining seats and can fit through doorways and aisles (most do, but some are too wide for narrow passageways). A tandem model is great for a newborn and a toddler but can be heavy to push, and when baby gets bigger or if you have twins, your little ones may fight over who gets the “front seat.” These models often accept two car seats to operate as a travel system for as long as your babies fit into their infant car seats, and then serve as a regular stroller after that. Another option if you have an older child: a single seat stroller that has a sitting ledge or standing platform in the front or back so big sib can hitch a ride.
Regardless of which type of stroller you buy, be sure it meets current safety standards. A good brand will also have buckles that are easy for you (but not your crafty baby) to latch and unlatch. Seat belts should fit snugly around your baby’s waist and crotch, be adjustable, and be comfortable. A jogging stroller should have a five-point harness (with shoulder straps) for maximum safety—nearly all new models do, but an older one might not. Washable fabric and padding that is removable are a plus, as you’ll find out the first time the diaper leaks or the juice spills.
Each type of stroller comes with its own set of bells and whistles. Decide from the many available features what you won’t be able to live without, what you’ll find useful, and what you probably won’t end up needing at all: a large basket or storage area (don’t overload handles with bags or other items, since the weight could tip the stroller over and baby with it), adjustable handle height if anyone who will be pushing the stroller is very tall, a rain shield, a mosquito net, a child feeding tray, a cup holder for parents, a sun canopy or umbrella, an adjustable footrest, one-handed fold, one-handed steering. Most important: Before buying any stroller, take it for a test drive in the store to see how easy it is to handle, how comfortable it is, and how it folds and unfolds.
Car seat. Car seats aren’t just for your peace of mind and your baby’s safety—they’re required by law. In fact, most hospitals won’t even let you take your baby home unless you have a rear-facing infant car seat securely strapped into your car’s backseat. Even if you don’t own a car, you’ll need a car seat if you ever plan to get into a cab or transportation van, go for a drive in someone else’s car, or rent a car. More than any other item on your shopping list, this is the one to have on hand (and installed) before that first contraction hits.
When choosing a car seat, be sure it meets Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). Never borrow an older car seat (besides potentially not meeting current safety requirements, the plastic tends to become brittle and weak—and therefore unsafe—over time) or use one that’s already been in even a minor crash (it could have been damaged by the forces of the impact—even if you don’t see any obvious damage). Some car seats have “do-not-use-after” dates stamped on the bottom or expiration dates on the model number sticker, so be sure to check for that before borrowing or buying one used. Also be sure to send in the registration card or register online so the manufacturer can notify you if there is a recall on your car seat. Click here for information on installing your baby’s car seat properly and for more safety tips.
For the first 2 years, your little one will be in a car seat that faces the rear of the car (in the backseat only—never place a car seat up front). That’s because a rear-facing child safety seat does a much better job of protecting a young child in a car crash than those that face forward. In a rear-facing car seat, the child’s head, neck, and spine are better supported, making the risk of serious injury much less likely. Research shows that children under age 2 are 75 percent less likely to be severely or fatally injured in a crash if they are rear-facing while riding.
The five-point harness has five straps: two at the shoulders, two at the hips, and one at the crotch. All new car seats are equipped with a five-point harness—and that’s a good thing, since it offers more points of protection.
You’ll have two choices of rear-facing car seats:
• Infant car seat. Most models have a stay-in-car detachable base that allows you to quickly install the car seat (after baby’s safely buckled in, you simply lock the seat into the base) and quickly remove it once you’ve arrived at your destination. The seat can also be used outside the car (to tote or seat baby wherever you go). The biggest advantage of an infant car seat is that it’s designed to fit a little baby, offering a more comfortable ride for a newborn—and potentially, the safest. The downside to the infant car seat? Your infant won’t be an infant for long, and once his or her shoulders reach above the highest harness position or your little bruiser reaches the maximum weight for the infant seat (depending on the size of your baby, it could happen at anywhere from 9 to 18 months), it’s time for a new ride for your baby. Since your little one will have to stay rear-facing until he or she is at least age 2, you’ll have to switch to a convertible seat (see next bullet). Car seat too big for your small (or preemie) baby? Be sure the car seat is made for small babies (most are designed to accommodate babies starting at 4 or 5 pounds). Some seats come with the option of an insert for preemies or very small babies.
A rear-facing car seat should be used until age 2—or until the child outgrows the weight limit (usually around 35 pounds). The harness slots should be at or below your baby’s shoulders and the harness chest clip should be at the infant’s armpit level. Check the instructions to see how the carrying handle should be positioned during travel. Never place a rear-facing infant seat in the front seat of a vehicle.
• Convertible car seat. Convertible car seats can be adjusted and converted from a rear-facing position to a forward-facing one—but more relevant for the first year, they can accommodate bigger and heavier babies in the rear-facing position than the infant car seats can. They are also long lasting, able to accommodate a child up to 40 to 60 pounds. The only problem: The fit of a convertible seat may be slightly less secure for a newborn, so if you choose this model, make sure your baby fits snugly in it.
A convertible seat. Designed for children from birth to around 40 to 60 pounds, this unit faces the rear in a semi-reclining position for infant use, then can be switched to an upright, front-facing position when baby is older (over age 2). When in the front-facing position, the car seat should be in the upright position, and the shoulder straps should be moved to the slots above your child’s shoulders. The harness chest clip should be at your child’s armpit level. Place this seat (and all children under the age of 13) in the rear seat of the vehicle.
If the car seat you choose seems too loose for your newborn, use a padded head bumper or rolled-up blanket to pad around his or her body (not under or behind the body, which could affect the security of the harness) to keep your baby from wobbling. Use only inserts/positioners that came with the car seat. Aftermarket products (items that are made for car seats but are sold separately from the car seat) are not regulated, do not have to pass any crash or safety tests, and might make your baby less safe. What’s more, using them will void the car seat’s warranty.
Is your car seat properly LATCHed in? The LATCH safety seat attachment system (for Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) makes correct installation of a car seat much less complicated because you don’t need to use seat belts to secure the safety seat.
Vehicles made after model year 2002 have lower anchors located between the vehicle’s seat cushion and seat back, which enables a rear-facing or forward-facing car seat to be latched into the anchors for a secure fit. Forward-facing child car seats are also equipped with top tether strap attachments. The adjustable tether strap is a belt that better stabilizes the car seat and reduces the potential for your child’s head to be thrown forward in a collision. The tether strap is anchored to the upper back of the child car seat and hooks into the rear shelf area or the floor of your vehicle.
Together, the lower anchors and upper tethers make up the LATCH system. Remember, if you have a car made before model year 2002, you still must use your car’s seat belts to secure the car seat.
Diaper bag. Have baby, will travel. And while you can certainly stuff your extra-large shoulder bag full of all the baby on-the-go supplies you might need, a diaper bag is definitely a nice carryall to have—since you will have to carry all. But with so many bags on the market—high-end designer bags, bags specifically designed for dads, bags that don’t look like diaper bags, and those that most certainly do—how do you choose?
First consider size and carrying comfort. You’ll probably want one that’s large enough to fit most of the supplies you’ll need on any given outing, but you may not want one that’s heavy and unwieldy before you even fill it up. Next, think about the features you want. If you’re doing any bottle-feeding, you’ll want a diaper bag that has a separate insulated bottle holding area (later, you can use it to keep baby’s food chilled). Multiple roomy compartments—well divided and easy to reach into—will come in handy for keeping diapers, especially dirty ones, separated from bottles, pacifiers, spoons, and food (including snacks for you). A moisture-resistant material will protect against bottle, medicine, or diaper ointment leaks. A changing pad that comes with the bag and folds compactly inside is an added bonus. And if you’d rather the diaper bag do double duty as a handbag, look for one with compartments for your wallet, phone, keys, makeup, and other stuff that normally ends up in your own bag. Finally, decide on the style. Shoulder strap or backpack style? Sleek, sophisticated diaper bag that could pass as an oversize handbag or one that screams “baby”? Remember, too, that you can also adapt any other carrier (such as a gym bag, backpack, or large handbag) for carrying baby gear.
Shopping cart cover. Not a must-have, but certainly a nice-to-have, a shopping cart cover—a fabric seat cover that fits into the sitting area of a shopping cart (as well as a restaurant high chair)—helps protect your cutie from nasty germs while providing him or her with a cozy, comfy, and stylish place to sit. Some models include handy pockets to store pacis and loops to attach toys, so baby’s favorites don’t get tossed onto the floor of aisle 3 (and 4, and 5). Look for one that folds up for easy toting, has ample padding for optimum comfort, and provides good cart coverage (no exposed metal or plastic), as well as one that has a dual safety-belt system—one strap that keeps baby in place and another to attach the cover to the cart (and be sure to use both every time you shop).
While you can certainly hold your baby in your arms all day (and when he or she is first born that’s likely all you’ll want to do), there’ll be times when you’ll need your hands for other things—like cooking dinner, uploading those adorable baby pictures, and even (hey, it could happen!) showering. Which is why you’ll want a place where you can safely deposit your little one—whether it’s in a sling close to your beating heart, in a fun jumper or stationary entertainer, on a play mat, or in an infant seat or swing all his or her own.
Baby carrier or sling. If you’re like most parents, you’ll love carriers or slings for the hands-free baby comfort they offer—giving weary arms a break from holding and rocking, plus allowing you to multitask while you’re soothing your sweetie. And there’s no easier way to go for a stroll with your baby, fold laundry without putting baby down, walk the mall or the market, or hold your little one while you push a big sib on the swings.
But the benefits of “wearing” a baby go way beyond the hands-free convenience and efficiency. Studies show that babies who are worn more cry less (a definite perk during those fussy times of the day or if your baby has colic), not surprising when you consider that being snuggled against your chest approximates the cozy cocoon of the womb. The physical closeness built into baby wearing also builds that parent-infant bond—plus it feels really amazing. Happiness, as you’ll soon discover, is a warm baby.
There are as many styles of carriers and slings to choose from as there are reasons for buying or borrowing one. Keep in mind that while reviews and recommendations from other parents can be really helpful, different carriers and slings work for different moms and dads (and that trying before you buy isn’t that helpful if you’re trying it while you’re still expecting—bumps can get in the way). Here are some options to consider:
• Front carriers (as well as mei tais) consist of a fabric compartment supported by two shoulder straps that distribute weight evenly so that your back and shoulders share the load. They are designed so your baby can face either inward (especially useful for when baby is sleeping or for a newborn who doesn’t have good head control yet) or outward (so an older baby can enjoy the same sights as you, though there may be some potential downsides to the outward-facing position if you haven’t positioned baby properly, click here). Most can accommodate an infant up to 30 pounds, though some parents prefer to switch to a backpack once their baby is over 6 months—and, in fact, some front carriers convert to backpacks (and even offer front-in, front-out, side- and back-seating options). When choosing a front carrier, look for one that’s easy to get on and take off without help and that won’t require you to wake up your baby to slip him or her out. It should have adjustable, padded straps that don’t dig into your shoulders, be made from easy washable, breathable fabric (so baby won’t overheat), have head and shoulder support for baby, and offer a wide seat that supports bottom and thighs.
• A sling carrier (or ring sling, pouch, or wrap) is a wide swath of fabric that slings across your body, supported by a shoulder strap. Infants are able to lie down comfortably in them or face outward. An older baby can straddle your hip while being supported by the sling. An additional plus for nursing mothers: Slings allow discreet and convenient breastfeeding. When choosing a sling, look for washable, breathable fabric, a well-padded and comfortable strap, and trimness (one that isn’t bulky with extra fabric). Just remember that different babies and different parents feel comfortable in different slings, making buying ahead especially tricky. Slings may also require some getting used to.
• A framed carrier is a backpack frame made of metal or plastic with a fabric seat. Unlike front carriers, which distribute baby’s weight on your shoulders and neck, a backpack carrier places the weight on your back and waist. This type of carrier is not recommended for babies under 6 months old but can be used for children up to 50 pounds and age 3 (depending on the model). When choosing one, look for models that have a built-in stand—it helps make loading and mounting easier. Other features to look for: moisture resistant and cleanable fabric, adjustability, safety straps or harness to prevent your little one from climbing out, firm and thick shoulder strap padding, lumbar support to help distribute the weight down toward your hips, and storage pockets for baby stuff (so you don’t have to lug a separate diaper bag on your shoulder as well).
Infant seat. Bouncer seats, baby rockers, or infant activity seats (designed for newborns to age 8 or 9 months) are a boon for babies and their busy parents. For baby, an infant seat provides cozy seating, a great view, and often, built-in soothing entertainment. For you, it’s a secure place to put baby so he or she can safely watch you go about your business—whether it’s making the bed, unloading the dishwasher, checking in at work, using the toilet, or taking a shower. And since infant seats are lightweight and take up little room, they can be moved from kitchen to bathroom to bedroom easily as you switch locales.
There are a few basic types of infant seats: The lightweight framed seat (also known as a bouncer seat) has a flexible frame covered with a fabric seat and bounces or rocks back and forth or side to side using your baby’s weight and movement. The hard-shelled battery-operated infant seat provides comforting rocking or vibrating motions at the flip of a switch. Both kinds of infant seats usually come with sunshade canopies (useful if you’ll be using the seat outdoors) and a removable toy bar that can provide entertainment and activities for your baby. Some models have a sounds-and-music feature for extra diversion (which means you might even be able to steal an extra five minutes in the shower—or even dry your hair). There are even multitasking infant seats that double as travel bassinets, while still others can grow with your baby and become a toddler seat.
When choosing an infant seat, look for one with a wide, sturdy, stable base, nonskid bottom, safety restraints that go around baby’s waist and between his or her legs, comfortable padding, and a removable padded insert so the seat can be used for your newborn and then later for your older infant. Choose one that is lightweight and portable and, if battery operated, has an adjustable speed. For optimum safety, be sure to always keep your baby safely strapped in and supervised. And even if you’re right beside your baby, don’t leave him or her in an infant seat on a table or counter or near something (such as a wall) he or she could push off from suddenly. Don’t carry the seat with your baby in it, and never use an infant seat as a car seat.
Another option in the infant seat category is the soft infant support pillow (such as the Boppy). This C-shaped pillow is quite versatile—you can use it during breastfeeding sessions (just tuck it around your waist, lay baby across it, and say bye-bye to neck, back, and arm strain), or to prop up baby during tummy time (click here). And once baby has enough head control, the pillow can be used as a semireclining “seat.” For safety’s sake, never leave your baby unsupervised when propped up in a Boppy, and never let your baby sleep in one (it’s a SIDS risk).
Finally, there are also cushioned baby chairs shaped like feeding booster seats that can be used on the floor as an infant seat. These come with detachable trays that can be used for toys or books or to serve up food. Wait until baby has good head control (around 3 months) before you use this kind of seat.
Baby swing. There’s a reason why baby swings are so popular among new parents—they’re an easy, hands-free way to soothe most fussy babies (a few just don’t end up liking the mechanical rocking motion). But a swing is definitely not a “must-have.” Before buying or borrowing a swing, check the manufacturer’s weight and age recommendations and look for good safety features, including secure straps and a sturdy base and frame. Also consider whether you’ll want to be packing the swing to go—if so, you’ll want to select a lightweight, portable model, so you can bring it along when visiting friends or family.
Use the swing only when you’re in the same room—never use it as a substitute for supervision. And though babies often fall asleep in their swings, it’s best for your little one to do most of his or her sleeping in a safe bassinet or crib (the swing sleep habit can be hard to break). Also, limit the amount of time your baby spends in the swing, especially at high speeds, since some babies can get dizzy from a lot of swinging time. Plus, too much swing time, especially as your baby gets older, isn’t great for motor development since it limits the time baby spends flexing his or her muscles.
Stationary entertainers (ExerSaucer). These stationary entertainment toys (commonly called ExerSaucer) allow a baby who can hold his or her body up well (around 4 months) to bounce, jump, spin, and play while staying safely in one place.
When choosing, look for one with height adjustment (so it can grow with baby), a padded, washable seat that spins in a full circle, a sturdy stationary base, and a wide selection of attached toys and activities. If you do opt for an ExerSaucer, make sure you do not leave your baby in it for long periods of time (click here for reasons why).
Jumper. Want to add some bounce to your baby’s playtime while freeing up your hands? A jumper—either a stationary activity jumper or a doorway jumper—can be just the ticket. There are a couple of options to choose from:
• A stationary activity jumper looks like a mix between an ExerSaucer and a baby swing with a little “boing” added in. A seat is suspended with springs between a supporting frame, letting your active little one bounce up and down each time he or she flexes and pushes off those growing leg muscles. Most come jam-packed with an array of games, activities, and even light and sound toys within easy reach. A few have height adjustments to grow with your baby, and some can be folded for storage or to take on the go.
• A doorway jumper is a suspended seat attached with a bungeelike cord to the top of a door frame. The doorway jumper is considered less safe than the stationary jumper because the jumper’s straps or clamps can break (causing a bad fall) and because vigorous bouncers can bump into the sides of the door frame (and little fingers or toes can get a bad bruising as a result).
Before investing in either type of jumper, remember that no amount of jumping will speed your little one’s motor development, and too much time spent bouncing in one can actually do the opposite. Also consider that some babies get motion sick from all those ups and downs. If you do decide to buy (or borrow) one, be sure your baby has good head control before letting the bouncing begin—and take the jumper away once baby starts climbing and/or cruising.
Play mat. Baby doesn’t always have to be “in” something to be entertained. Often, the best and most productive playtime comes when your little one has the freedom of movement—even before he or she is able to move around much. Plus, your baby needs plenty of tummy time practice (click here), and that’s something he or she can’t get while perched in your arms or strapped into an infant seat. Enter the play mat (or play gym or tummy mat)—a virtual amusement park of entertainment at your baby’s reach.
Play mats come in a variety of shapes (round, square, rectangle) and designs. Most are brightly colored and patterned (and even differently textured), some play sounds and music, and others have mirrors and plush toys either attached with plastic rings or hung from an arched activity bar (great for developing those crucial fine-motor skills). Size definitely matters when it comes to a play mat—you’ll want one that’s big enough to accommodate your little one’s body size (not a problem when baby’s a newborn, but when buying one, think ahead and buy one your baby can grow with). Another feature that matters: washability (you’ll understand why after the third spit-up and second pee leak). The best perk of the mat? It folds up easily and usually compactly—great for storage or travel.