In the arrangement adopted here, the Arabic definite article (al-) at the beginning of an entry, the transliteration symbols for the Arabic letters hamza (') and 'ayn ('), and distinctions between different letters transliterated by the same Latin character (e.g. d and ḍ) are ignored for purposes of alphabetization.
Abān ibn Taghlib 162n
'Abbād ibn Ya'qūb al-'Uṣfurī 118
al-'Abbās (Abū I-Faḍl) xix, 12n, 88, 89, 90, 92, 97, 97n, 99, 114, 157, 296, 306n, 322, 323, 340
'Abbāsids xix, xx, xxvi, xxviii, xxxv, xxxvi, xxxvii, 3n, 4n, 6n, 9, 10, 11, 11n, 12, 13, 13n, 20, 90, 102, 105, 109, 110, 113, 156, 157, 176, 179, 199, 222, 223, 237, 241, 245, 247, 248, 249, 260, 291, 292, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 304n, 305n, 306n, 307n, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 323, 324, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330n, 332n, 340, 341, 343, 344, 349
'Abbāsid connection to the Shī'a xxxvi; 'Abbāsid—'Alīd pact 117; addition 88; age 102; agents 315, 316; ancestors 320; anti-'Abbāsid forces 352; apologetics 309; apologists 326; attitudes 315; authorities 218; caliph xix, xxxvi, xxxvi, 110, 114, 179, 198, 245, 283, 310, 328, 329, 333, 342; caliphate 12, 114, 287, 329; caliphs 117, 223, 298, 316, 352; call for al-Riḍā xxxvi; capital 319; cause 315, 318, 322; claims 314, 321; concerns 316; da'dā'ī 315; da'wa xxxv; dawla 209, 318, 328; dignitaries 130n; dynasty 113, 114, 312, 336; effort 323, 325; empire 116; era 109, 318, 320; eschatoiogy 314, 315, 331n; family xix, 296, 302, 317, 318, 320, 324, 327; governor 113, 224; house 301, 318; houses 114; imām 179, 291; imāms 157; invention xxxvi; Kaysānī 9; kinsmen 322; leadership 323, 326; legions 310; line 298; military apparatus in Khurāsān xx; mission 321; missionaries 295; movement xxxv, 90, 297, 336; officials 252; operatives 325; orthodoxy 352; partisans in Baṣra 113; party 44; patriarch 314, 315, 321, 323, 326; patrons 327; period xxi, xxvii, 88, 204, 336; persecution 14n, 253; poet 102; policy 231; political ideology 313; political institutions 312; pretenders 336; pro-'Abbāsid work 295; propaganda 320, 323; propagandists 315, 319, 326; realm 312; rebels in Baghdād 129n; regime 110, 320, 339, 349, 351; revolt 11, 327; revolution xxxv, xxxvn, xxxvi, 105, 111, 113, 118, 216, 237, 294, 295, 298, 302, 313, 319, 324, 330, 330n, 331n, 334; revolutionaries 195, 314, 324; revolutionary army 317; revolutionary movement 88, 332n; rule 42, 309, 313, 316, 328; ruler 67n, 340; shī'a 43, 156, 157; Shī'ism 117; sovereigns 309; sovereignty 329; standing army 319; state 110, 176, 204, 312, 313, 316, 317, 318, 333; supporters 314, 327; tract 326; tradition 342; triumph 323; turn 328; use of al-Riḍā 291; victory 9, 313
'Abd al-Jabbār 212
'Abd Allāh (ancestor of the Fāṭimids) 280n
'Abd Allāh (brother of Faḍl al-Aṣghar) 105n
'Abd Allāh ('Ijlān) ibn al-Nāwūs 240
'Abd Allāh al-Afṭaḥ see 'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far al-Afṭaḥ
'Abd Allāh al-Mahdī see 'Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Nawfal ibn Ḥārith ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 92, 104
known as Babba 104
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān al-Aṣammī al-Masma'ī 84
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Amr ibn Ḥarb 166, 169n
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Amr ibn al-Ḥarb al-Kindī 174
'Abd Allāh ibn Bakr al-Arrajānī 62, 62n
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Faḍi ibn Babba al-Hāshimī 56
'Abd Allāh ibn Ḥammād al-Baṣrī 84
'Abd Allāh ibn Ḥaras 174
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan 158, 295, 300
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan al-Kaīaī 228
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan 105
'Abd Allāh ibn Ḥusayn 71
'Abd Allāh ('Alī) ibn Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad see 'Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī
'Abd Allāh ibn Ibāḍ 213
'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far al-Afṭaḥ 13n, 14, 14n, 110, 111, 115, 154, 155, 158, 241, 244, 248, 255, 271
'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far al-Ḥimyarī al-Qummī, Abū I-'Abbās 76n, 84, 121, 137, 147, 148, 150
'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far ibn Abī Ṭālib 100, 101, 102, 103, 104
'Abd Allāh ibn Khidāsh al-Muhrī 183n
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ma'mūn 114
'Abd Allāh ibn Mu'āwiya 3n, 6n, 9, 11, 12, 13n, 102, 104, 110, 156, 165, 165n, 198, 294, 299, 301, 302, 307n
and Hāshimite revolution 109; revolt of xx, 44
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Mughīra 165n
'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad 305n
'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl 249, 257, 259, 260
called 'Abd Allāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 260; claim to be a prophet 257
'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl-Raḍī 253, 254
'Abd Allāh ibn Mūsā al-'Absī 185
'Abd Allāh ibn Nawf 170
'Abd Allāh ibn Qabīṣa (Qubayṣa) al-Muhal-labī 74n
'Abd Allāh ibn Saba' xviiin, 4, 8, 166, 174, 174n, 205
'Abd Allāh ibn Sharīk 188
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Azīz 209n
'Abd Allāh ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 102, 292, 293
'Abd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr 102, 104
'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān 33, 101, 101n, 102, 103, 172n, 175, 200, 345
'Abd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim 104
Shay bat al-Ḥamd 103
'Abd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Rabī'a ibn al-Ḥārith ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 92, 93
'Abd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī 159, 211, 212
'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn al-'Abbās ibn Rabī'aibn al-Ḥārifchi ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 104
'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ash'ath 104, 214, 215n
Abd al-Wahhāb 305n
'Abd al-Wāḥid ibn Aḥmad al-Kirmānī 200
'Abd al-Wāḥid ibn Sulaymān ibn 'Abd al-Malik 304n
'Abdān 155, 261, 262, 268, 270, 272, 273, 274, 277, 280, 288, 289 (dā'ī)
abdān ("bodies") 24
Abī ibn al-Faḍl 268, 277, 278, 281, 283, 284, 286
al-Ablaq 314
abnā' al-da'wa 319
Abraham (Ibrāhīm) xxi, 22, 26, 61n, 78, 95, 96, 251, 264, 271
Abrahamov, Binyamin xxxin
Abū l-'Abbās xxxiv, 297, 305nn, 306n, 307n, 309, 310, 311
Abū I-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn Nūḥ alSīrāfī 148
Abū I-'Abbās al-Saffāḥ xxxvi, 106, 157
Abū l-'Abbās Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm 225
Abū 'Abd Allāh Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Sayārī 74
Abū 'Abd Allāh al-Jadalī 170, 170n, 188
Abū 'Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Rizām/Razzām al-Ṭa'ī al-Kūfī 253, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 262, 272, 273
Abū 'Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan 226 al-Mahdī as title of 226
Abū 'Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Zaynab al-Nu'mānī 137, 138, 139, 139n
Abū 'Abd Allāh al-Shī'ī xxxiv, 268, 277, 281, 287, 288
Abū I-Aḥras al-Murādī 170
Abū 'Alī al-Jubbā'ī 158n
Abū I-Aswad al-Du'alī 99
Abū 'Attāb canal 145
Abū Ayyūb al-Mūryanī 307n
Abū Bakr xv, xxx, 25n, 70n, 88, 98, 186, 187, 190, 210, 211, 212, 214, 345, 246, 347
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Abī I-Qāsim al-Baghdādī 137, 150
Abū Bakr al-Ṣūlī 143
Abū I-Faḍl see al-'Abbās
Abū I-Faḍl Ja'far ibn Muḥammad 226, 233
al-thā'tī fī Allāh as title of 226
Abū I-Faraj al-Iṣbahānī see Abū I-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī
Abū I-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī 103, 110, 188, 211, 295, 300, 339
Abū l-Fidā' 230
Abū Fudayk 105n
Abū Ghassān Yaḥyā ibn Ghānim 102
Abū Ḥakīm see Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad
Abū Ḥanīfa 7, 13, 70nn, 107, 107nn
Abū l-Ḥārith al-Kindī 170, 174
Abū I-Ḥasan al-Furāt 125
Abū I-Ḥasan 'Alī 233
Abū I-Ḥasan 'Alī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥam-mad al-Ṭā'ī al-Jirmī 136
Abū I-Ḥasan 'Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Umar ibn Rabāḥ ibn Qays ibn Sālim al-Sawwāq 136
Abū I-Ḥasan 'Alī ibn 'Umar al-A'raj al-Kūfī al-Wāqifī 136
Abū Hāshim ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya xix, xxxv, xxxvi, 6n, 12, 13n, 91, 111, 176, 179, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 205, 296, 298, 299, 300, 301, 307nn
Abū Ḥaṣīn 214n
Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī 290
Abū I-Haytham al-Tayyihān 322
Abū Ḥudhayfa see Wāṣil ibn 'Aṭā'
Abū I-HudhayI 159, 337, 348, 348n, 349n
Abū Ḥurra 293
Abū I-Ḥusayn Muḥammad ibn 'Alī see Akhū Muḥsin
Abū I-Ḥusayn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Qāsim al-Rassī, al-Hādī ilā I-Ḥaqq xxxi, xxxin, xxxii, 229, 229n, 231, 231nn, 233
Abū 'Īsā Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Warrāq see al-Warrāq
Abū Isḥāq 350
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Aḥmarī al-Nihāwandī 136
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābī 226n, 231, 232
Abū Ja'far see Muḥammad al-Bāqir
Abū Ja'far 103
Abū Ja'far 307n
Abū Ja'far as surname 232
Abū Ja'far al-Barqī see al-Barqī
Abū Ja'far Muḥammad ibn 'Alī al-Aswad 147
Abū Ja'far, Muḥammad ibn al-'Amrī see al-'Amrī
Abū Ja'far Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī
see al-Ṭūsī
Abū Kāmil 211, 212, 215, 215n, 217
Abū Kāmil Mu'ādh ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Nabhānī al-Kūfī 213
Abū Khālid al-Wāsiṭī xxxi
Abū I-Khaṭṭāb xx, xxin, 7, 7n, 9, 10, 15, 15n, 44, 66n, 162n, 238, 238n, 239, 243, 245, 257
as speaking prophet 239; kunya of Abū Ismā'īl 247
Abū Lahab 97n
Abū Manṣūr al-'Ijlī 44, 206, 215, 215n, 216, 217, 218
Abū Mikhriaf xxiv, 13, 53n, 170
Abū Muḥammad 'Alī ibn Aḥmad al-Mūsawī 152
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn Ḥamza ibn 'Alī ibn 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Ṭabarī al-Ma'rash 137
Abū Muḥammad Sulaymān ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Daylamī 58n
Abū Mushir 351
Abū Muslim xx, 14, 110, 118, 294, 301, 302, 305n, 307nn
Abū Muslim Muḥammad ibn Baḥr al-Iṣfahānī 229
Abū I-Muẓaffar Muḥatnmad ibn Aḥmad al-Nu'aymī 163n
Abū Naqaba ibn 'Alqama ibn al-Muṭṭalib 94n
Abū Naṣr Hibat Allāh ibn Aḥmad al-Kātib
see Ibn Barnīya
Abū Nu'aym 186
Abū I-Qāsim 89
Abū I-Qāsini 'Alī ibn Muḥammad al-Khāqānī 143
Abū I-Qāsim al-Balkhī 158n, 212
Abū I-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Qā'im bi-Amr Allāh 273, 274
as Mahdī 274
Abū I-Qāsim Yaḥyā ibn Zakarōye 279
Abū Rāfi' 93
Abū Riyāsh al-Qaysī 87
Abū Sahl al-Nawbakhtī see al-Nawbakhtī, Abū Sahl
Abū Sa'īd ibn Mu'āwiya ibn Yazīd ibn al-Muhallab 307n
Abū I-Salama 11n, 110, 296, 297, 300, 301, 302, 304n, 305n, 306n, 307n
Abū I-Sarāyā xxi, 113, 116, 218, 298, 306n, 340, 342, 343
Abū I-Shalaghlagh see Muḥammad ibn Aḥ-mad
Abū Sufyān (father of Mu'āwiya) 351
Abū Sufyān ibn al-Ḥārith ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 97, 104
Abū Ṭālib al-Aribārī 163n
Abū Ṭālib ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 90
Abū Tammām xxxiv
Abū I-Ṭufayl 'Āmir ibn Wāthila 188
Abū 'Ubayda 104
Abū Ya'qūb al-Sijistānī see al-Sijistānī
Abū Zakarīyā al-Ṭamāmī 277
al-Abwā' 105, 109, 110, 295, 301
abwāb see bāb
Abyssinia 50n
adab 143
Adam xxi, 26, 28, 55, 115, 264
aḍdạd see ḍidd
Aden 278
Adhruḥ 4
Afṭaḥīya 241
agents see safīr
Āghā Buzurg al-Ṭihrānī xxxviin
ahl al-bayt ("People of the House") xv, xix, xx, xxvi, xxxv, xxxvi, 5n, 18n, 31, 35, 64, 91, 93, 95, 96, 99, 102, 103, 104, 106, 108, 108n, 186, 294, 297, 299, 301
ahl bayt Muḥammad 108n
ahl bayt al-nabī 91
ahl bayt al-nubuwwa 013
ahl baytism 291
ahl Khurāsān 324
ahl al-Kitāb ("People of the Book") 48, 49, 49n, 173n
ahl al-naṣṣ 4n
ahl at-sābiqa 98
Aḥmad 97
Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāh 257, 258, 273
Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad 254
Aḥmad ibn Abī Du'ād 346, 349, 350
Aḥmad ibn 'Alī al-Anṣān 81
Aḥmad ibn 'Alī al-Khaḍīb al-Ayyādī 137
Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm (Muḥammad) al-Nīsābūrī
see al-Nīsābūrī
Aḥmad ibn 'Isā (Ḥasanid) 335, 337
Aḥmad ibn Isḥāq 121
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya 47
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn ibn Dul
see al-Qummī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn ibn Dul
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn 'Isā 61n
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn 'Īsā al-Ash'arī 58n
al-Ahwāz 62n, 116, 117, 124, 228, 253, 257, 301, 302, 307n
a'immat al-ḍalāl ("imāms of error") 19, 20
a'immat al-hudā ("imāms of guidance") 19, 20
a'immat al-nūr ("guides of light") 19
a'immat al-ẓalām ("guides of darkness") 19
'Ā'isha 189
'ajam 118
ākhir al-zamān 19
al-Akhṭal 99
Akhū Muḥsin, Abū I-Ḥusayn Muḥammad ibn 'Alī 256, 257, 258, 261, 262, 278n, 284, 288
āt ("family") 100
āl Aḥmad 89
āl Muḥammad 91, 92, 93, 108, 108n, qā'im āl Muḥammad 111
āl al-nabī 88
'Alī as name of the hidden imām 132n
'Alī ibn 'Abbās 143
'Alī ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn al-'Abbās 90
'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, xx, xxii, xxiii, xxv, xxix, xxx, 4, 4n, 5, 5n, 6n, 8, 9, 9n, 12, 13n, 15, 18n, 20, 21, 22, 26, 30, 31, 35, 37, 37n, 39n, 42, 43, 45n, 54, 55, 55n, 56, 57, 60nn, 61, 63, 64, 66, 66nn, 67, 67nn, 69, 72, 72n, 78, 79, 81, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 96, 96n, 97n, 99, 100, 101, 106, 123, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 180, 181, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 198, 200, 201, 205, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214n, 216, 217, 227, 229, 250, 251, 257, 264, 271, 275, 287, 296, 299, 306nn, 310, 314, 325, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 349nn, 351
as 'ālim of the community 115; as Imām and messenger-prophet 250; as Imām and prophet 271; as mudabbir (Organiser of the Universe) 180; as prophet 275; as silent prophet 239; as waṣī 289; light of 35; restoration of tomb of in Najaf 110; tafḍīl 'Alī 345,346,351
'Alī ibn Bābūya seeIbn Bābawayh
'Alī ibn al-Ḥakam 61n
'Alī ibn Ḥasaka 119
'Alī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn 'Alī ibn Faḍḍal 136
'Alī ibn Ḥusayn ibn 'Abd Rabbihi 117
'Alī ibn Ḥusayn al-Sajjād, Zayn al-'Ābidīn xvi, xix, 3, 11, 44, 53, 53nn, 54, 55, 56, 69, 69n, 74n, 79, 242, 250, 271
'Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn ai-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā see al-Sharīf ai-Murtadā
'Alī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Hāshim 159n
'Alī ibn 'Īsā al-Qaṣrī 82
'Alī ibn Ismā'īl 247
'Alī ibn Ismā'īlī al-Mītham see Ibn al-Tammār
'Alī ibn Ja'far 129n
'Alī ibn Mahzyār 115, 116, 118
'Alī ibn Muḥammad al-Hādī 115, 116, 117, 118, 145, 157
'Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn Furāt 142, 143, 151
'Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn Sālim 84
'Alī ibn Muḥammad al Samurī 126, 140, 144, 145, 148, 149, 150, 152
'Alī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā 13n, 15, 75, 75n, 81, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 128n, 129n, 130n, 161, 161n, 164, 167, 176, 176nn, 179, 241, 305n, 339, 340, 341, 343, 344
designation by al-Ma'mūn 114; designation by Mūsā al-Kāẓim 112
'Alī ibn Yaqṭīn 110, 112, 116, 128n
'Alī al-Riḍā see 'Alī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā
'Alī al-Sajjād see 'Alī" ibn Ḥusayn al-Sajjād, Zayn al-'Ābidīn
'Alī-Ilāhīs 7
'Alid xxix, 6n, 13, 97n, 114, 117, 173, 227, 237, 255, 256, 294, 295, 297, 299, 307n, 325, 334, 343, 352,
'Alid–'Abbāsid relations 109; ancestry 260; anti-'Alid 99; authorities 158; authority 12; branch of the House of the Prophet 113; caliph xix; candidate 297; claimants 222, 223, 224; claims 307n; counter-caliphate 328; counterparts 326; cousins 326; descendents from Fāṭima 49n; descent 272; dignitaries 130n; family 12, 237, 248, 256; figurehead 299; heir 333, 341, 343; house 190; interests 99; intrigue 11n; kingdom 224; kingdom in Ṭabaristān xxx; legitimism 44, 340; line 237; non-'Alid 253, 257; philo-'Alid 297; policy 247; pretenders 334, 335, 337; pro-'Alid idea 88; pro-'Alid tribal condottieri 116; pro-'Alid groups 109; pro-'Alid political attitudes 339; pro-'Alid policies 335; pro-'Alid population of Iraq 87; problem 353; propaganda 97n; rebel 325; rebellion 113; rebellions 112, 218; rebels 6n; revolts 44, 351; revolutionaries 326; revolutionary coalition with 'Abbasids 110; rights 298; rule 221, 224, 226, 227, 234; rulers 224n, 226, 233; Shī'a 89, 90, 91, 106; Shī'ism 90; Shī'ite propagandist 97n
'Alids xxxvii, 6, 11, 11n, 13, 44, 45n, 72, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97n, 99, 106, 110, 111, 113, 223, 226n, 229, 234, 291, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 305n, 306n, 326, 334, 336, 340, 347, 349, 350, 352
'ālim 115
amān 334
al-'Āmilī 230
al-Amīh 112, 333, 338, 339, 342
pro-Amīn ioyalism 114
amīr 269, 274, 281, 294, 303n, 304n, 329, 332n
Amīr ibn Dubāra 318
amīr al-mu'minīn ("Commander of the Faithful") 113, 151, 309, 329
amīr al-umarā' 144n
Amirka see Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan
Amman 199n
'Amr (ibn 'Uthmān) 103
'Amr ibn Abī I-Miqdām al-'Ijlī 186
'Amr ibn 'Adī ibn Naṣr al-Lakhmī 211
'Amr ibn Kulthūm 211
amr al-shūrā see shūrā
traditions 150n
al-'Amrī, Ḥafṣ ibn 'Urnar 146
al-'Amrī, Muḥammad ibn 'Uthmān, Abū Ja'far 82, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 127, 132n, 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, 147, 148n, 149, 150
al-'Amrī 'Uthmān ibn Sa'īd, Abū 'Amr 116, 118, 119, 120, 140, 141, 145, 146, 148n, 149
called al-'Askarī 141; called al-Sammān 141
'Amrī-Nawbakhtī marriage 150
'Amrīs 126, 141, 144, 146, 149
Angel of Death 69
Anṣār 93, 99, 99n, 323, 322, 327
Anṣārī 99
anthropomorphism see tashbīh
Aparthodectist position 50
al-agall 21
'Aqīl ibn Abī Ṭālib 89, 97, 280n
cosmic knowledge 19
anti-Arab bias 319; anti-Arab sentiment 317; aristocracy xxxvii, 312; aristocratic element 44; authors 277; contribution 313; countries xxxii; custom xix; governors 221; ideals 52; identity 313; kingdom 312; occupation xxiii; origins 312; participation 197; past 313, 318, 319; phenomenon 43; privilege 311; race 18n; rule 312, 317; settlers 317; tribal lines 318, 319; tribesmen 318, 324, 327
Arabia 52, 62n, 111, 113, 117, 202, 261
Arabian Gulf coast 279
heresiographere 314; historiography 323; lexicographers 309; political vocabulary 311; sources 325; studies xxii
Arabism 5
Arabs xxxv, 4, 17, 18n, 71, 118, 126, 130n, 154, 197, 221, 292, 312, 313, 317, 318
Aramaean population of Iraq 197
Aramaic 269
'Arīb ibn Sa'd al-Qurṭubī 143, 258
arkān 31
Armenia 202
Arqam ibn Abī I-Arqam 93
'arsh (divine throne) 25, 63, 85, 86
arwāḥ ("souls") see rūḥ
Aryan inhabitants 313
Aryans 312
Asad 141n
al-Asadī ibn Hishām al-Nāshirī al-Asadī 136
Āṣaf ibn Barakhiyā 26
al-Aṣamm 160
asās al'imāma 251; foundation 264
Asfār ibn Shīrawayh 225, 232, 232n
aṣḥāb al-shimāl ("people of the left") 19, 27
aṣḥāb al-yamīn ("people of the right") 19, 27
al-Ash'arī 4, 6n, 7, 7n, 8n, 9n, 11, lln, 12n, 13n, 15, 151, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165nn, 166, 349n
ashbāh see shabah
al-Ashtar 4n
'Askar Mukram 257
'Askarī
as a name of the first safīr 141
uṣūl xxviii
al-asmā' al-ḥusnā 34
Assassins xxxii
Astarabad 232
Avah 125
awliyā' 97
'Awn 102n
awṣiyā' see wạīt
'Ayn al-Warda xviii
ạzilla seeẓill
AzraīTya 213
abwāb 126; bāb al-abwāb 289; bāb al-karrāt 65
Bābak 350
Bābakīya 351
Babba see 'Abd Allāh ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Nawfal ibn Ḥārith
Babylon 288
badā' 44, 119, 170, 171, 183, 185
as part of Kaysānī beliefs 111
Badusipanids 222n
Baghdād xvi, 112, 117, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 129nn, 132n, 139, 141, 142, 143, 144, 144n, 145,146, 222, 225, 229, 241, 258, 261, 270, 318, 319, 328, 329, 334, 337, 338, 339, 343, 344, 348, 349
Baḥrayn xxi, xxxii, xxxiv, 105n, 154, 252, 257, 261, 261n, 262, 267, 268, 273, 274, 275, 276n, 277, 278, 279, 288
Bakr ibn Wā'il 294
Banū l-'Abbās 114, 129n, 303n, 309, 320
Banū 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 93, 94, 106
Banū Hāshim xxv, xxvi, 55–56, 88, 89, 90, 91, 91n, 92, 92n, 93, 94, 96, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108n, 176, 293, 299, 300, 301, 305n, 306n, 324
Banū Hawāzin 95
Banū Kinda 197
Banū I-Furat 125
Banū I-Ḥārith 104
Banū I-Ḥārith ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 105
Banū Makhzūm 258
Banū Mūsā 286
Banū I-Muṭṭalib 92, 94, 94n, 107
genealogy 142
Banū Qushayr 100
Banū Ṭayyi' 102
al-Baqī' cemetery 244
Bāqir see Muḥammad al-Bāqir
Bar Disan see Bardesanes, Bardesanian
Barbarossa 5
Barbisarna 288
Barmakids 161, 333, 334, 335, 337, 339
al-Barqī, Abū Ja'far 23
Bashīrīya 157, 161, 164, 166, 177n, 179
Bashshār ibn Burd 209, 210, 210n, 211, 211n, 212, 216, 218
baṣīra 38
al-Baṣra xx, 99, 102, 104, 105, 148, 113, 158n, 228, 257, 280n, 293, 303n, 304n, 307n, 337
Bassām ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Ṣayrafī 246
bāṭin xxi, 19n, 20, 20n, 21, 34, 36, 251, 263, 264, 280, 285
bāṭin al-bāṭin 20
bāṭinī 238
bāṭinī ta'wīl 239
Bāwandids 222n
Bayān ibn Sam'ān xxix, 6n, 9n, 12n, 13n, 44, 169n, 195ff
and creation of the Qur'ān 204; and magic 196, 204; and Mazdakian teachings 204; and return of 'Alī 205; and speculation about Greatest Name of God 196, 203; and teachings of Marcion of Sinope 202—203; association with Ḥamza ibn 'Umāra 196; attribution of Mu'tazilite doctrine 204; claims to divinity 201; claims to prophecy 199, 201; claims to the Imamate 199, 205; execution of 196; extraction 195; following 197; fundamental teachings of 198; nature of God 201–202, 205; referred to as Bayān al-Tamīmī 195; revolt of 196
Bayānīya 160n, 165, 169n, 179, 195ff. and Abū Hāshim 198, 205
bay'at al-ḥarb 322
bay'at al-nisā' 322
Bayt al-Ḥikma 348
Bayt Rayb 288
bedouin tribes 268
bedouins 17, 269, 279, 279n, 280, 289
Bell, R. 96
Benjamin 61n
Berbers
clans 269; Kutāma 277, 279, 287, 288
Bergstraesser, G. xxxi
al-Bidā 288
innovation 174, 347; bid 'a kubrā 187; bid'a sughrā 187
Bijāya 288
al-Bilālī, see Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Bilāl
Bilawhar 139
Bilizama 281
Bishr ibn al-Mu'tamir 337, 339
Bishr ibn al-Walīd 346
Bismillāh 228
Biṭāna 30n
bodies see abdān
Bougie see Bijāya
Buddhism 10n
Buhl, F. 3
al-Buḥturī 149
Bukayr ibn Māhān 321, 322, 323, 326, 332n
Bukht Naṣar 69n
Būrūd 225
al-Buṭayn al-Laythī 170
al-Buthānī 226, 227n, 228, 229, 231
Butrīs 214
Butrīya 14
Buwayhids/Būyids 233, 328, 329
amīrs 329, 332n; Baghdād 139; times 6n
Byzantine Empire 50n
caliph(s), caliphate xix, xv, xx, xxxv, xxxvi, xxxvii, 3, 4n, 6, 11n, 12, 20, 33, 53, 53n, 54, 88, 89, 90, 98, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 110, 112, 117, 119, 120, 121, 124, 126, 128n, 131n, 142, 143, 149, 155, 172, 175, 179, 186, 198, 200, 204, 211, 212, 216, 221n, 222, 223, 223nn, 225, 234, 235, 238, 239, 241, 242, 245, 248, 249, 251, 252, 255, 257, 259, 260, 263, 266, 271, 272, 273, 283, 287, 289, 290, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 302, 305n, 310, 311, 315, 316, 328, 329, 333, 334, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 341n, 342, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353
anti-caliph 113; four orthodox ("rightly guided", rāshidūn) caliphs 107, 211n
caliphal enclave 329
caller see dā'ī
Caspian region 221, 223, 224, 227, 228, 234
Zaydīs in xxxi
Chardin, Jean xxii
Children of Israel 52n
aspirations xxviii; belief 110; connotations and ghayba 111; enemy 126; expectations 113; figure 124; ideas 112; Kaysānīya sect 110; matrix 122; neo-Wāqifite 123; non-chiliastic solution 124; oracles 125; political orientation 116; propensities 118; revolutionary chiliasm 109; tendencies xxvii; traditions 118; Zoroastrian and Mazdakite roots of 1X7
Christ 47n, 50, 50nn, 51, 51nn
Christian(s) xvii, 8, 10, 22, 49, 51, 62n, 77, 116, 173, 173n, 178, 337, 338
Arabia 52; communities 49; community 50; Eastern 203; experience 9; Gnostic sect 257; idea 10; Islamists 7; legends 61; motifs 60
ciay see ṭīna
Commander of the Faithful see amīr al-mu'minīm
Companions see saḥāba
Companiohs of the Cave see aṣḥab al-kahf
Constantino the Great 202
cosmic ignorance see jahl
cosmic knowledge see 'aql
Crusaders
cyclicism 6n; legends xxxii; writers xxii
dā'ī (pi. du'āi) xxxiii, xxxiv, 179, 226, 230, 233, 236, 238, 247, 248, 252, 253, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 265n, 266, 271, 275, 277, 278, 278n, 279, 280, 281, 283, 284, 285, 287, 288, 289, 290
dā'ī l-du'āt 289
al-Dā'ī ilā I-ḥaqq see Muḥammad ibn Zayd
dā'ī kabīr see al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd
dā'ī ṣaghīr see Muḥammad ibn Zayd; al-Ḥasan ibn Qāsim al-Ḥusaynī
Dajjāl 188
Damascus 53nn, 57, 256, 280, 345, 351
dār al-ḥarb 225
dār al-hijra 288
Dār al-Mamlaka 329
Darb Jabala 141
Dā'ūd ibn 'Alī 245
da'wa xxxiii, xxxvn, 239, 252, 253, 257, 261, 262, 266, 277, 278, 280, 281, 285, 287, 288, 289, 294, 299, 300, 301, 304n, 319, 343
as name for the Ismā'īlīs 268; al-da'wa al-hādiya 239, 268; da'wa thāniya 113; da'wat al-ḥaqq 277
dawla 110, 123, 309, 311, 312, 314, 319, 320, 328, 329, 332n
dawr al-satr 248
Day of Judgment xvii, 68, 172, 175, 179, 183, 189, 190
Day of Resurrection seeresurrection
Day of the Karra 74
Daylam 112, 118, 130n, 227n, 334, 335
Daylamān 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 227n, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233
Daylamites 221, 222, 225, 227, 229, 230, 231, 231n, 234
rulers 225
Dayṣān 209n
Dayṣānī 257
delegation see tafwīḍ
Delhi 6n
depositary see mustawda'
deputies see safīr
designation see naṣṣ
Deus Absconditus (Hidden God) 34
Deus Revelatus (Revealed God) 34, 36
devotion see walāya
sl-Dhahabī 201
dhāt ("essence") 34
Dhū I-Janāḥayn Ja'far 101
dhurrīya 89
al-Dībāj see Muḥammad ibn Ja'far
ḍidd (theory of opposites) 19, 33, 33n, 216nn
disappearance see ghayha
divine light 15
divine throne 25
di'wa 102
Dome of the Rock see Qubbat al-Ṣakhra
Druze religion xxxiin
Druzes 7n
al-Du'alī 4
Dubai 151
East Arabia 47n
Eastern Christianity see Christians
Eastern Orthodox Church 62n
Edessa 257
Egypt 5, 146, 258, 266, 325, 328, 338
historians 256; Ismā'īlī literature in 290; tale 203
Eleazar 52
Elijah 67nn
End of Time see āhkir al-zamān
envoy see safīr (pl. sufarā'), wakīl (pl. wukalā')
Epistles of the Sincere Brethren 276
esoteric interpretation see ta'wīl
essence see dhāt
Ethiopia 100
milieu 313; scholarship 312; travellers xxii; universities xxii; writers xxxi
exaggeration, extremism see ghuluww
faḍā'il al-shī'a ("Merits of the Shī'a) 27, 29, 29n
al-Faḍl al-Aṣghar 105n
al-Faḍl ibn 'Abbās 89, 90, 92, 93, 105n
al-Faḍl ibn 'Abd al-Raḥman 105, 105n, 293
al-Faḍl ibn Sahl 113, 128n, 339, 342, 343
al-Faḍl ibn Shādhān 116, 113, 119, 129n, 136, 146
al-Faḍl ibn Yaḥyā al-Barmakī 222, 334, 335
Fakhkh see Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī ibn al-Ḥasan Ṣāḥib Fakhkh
faqīh 115
farḍ 8
Farewell Pilgrimage 90
farīq 306n
Fāris ibn Ḥātim ibn Mahūya al-Qazwīnī 118, 126
faskh 32n
Faṭḥīya 241
Fāṭima (daughter of Abū Muslim) 118
Fāṭima (daughter of the Prophet Muḥammad) xvi, xviii, xix, xx, xxvi, 13, 17, 35, 37nn, 49n, 56, 62n, 76n, 84, 85n, 87, 89, 90, 91, 96, 96n, 99, 106, 218, 347
Fāṭima (granddaughter of Ḥasan ibn 'Alī) 244
Fāṭimid(s) 3, 4, 6, 6n, 13, 15n, 89, 155, 240, 249, 253, 254, 256, 256n, 258, 260, 268, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 280, 290, 347
'Alīd ancestry 255; authors xxxiiin, 347; branch 248; caliph xxxv, 155, 242n, 251, 252, 255, 259, 260, 273; caliphate xxxiv, 235, 248, 249, 263, 266, 289, 290; caliph-imām 266; caliphs 257, 260, 262, 265, 271, 272; court 275; doctrine 276; doctrines 235; dynasty 249, 253, 257, 272; Ismā'īlī 262, 264n; Ismā'īlī da'wa 266; Ismā'īlī Imām 252; Ismā'īlī Imāms 256; Ismā'īlīs 235, 256, 265; Ismā'īlism 247; mission xxxiv; non-Fāṭimid brothers of al-Ḥusayn 89; period 235; pre-Fāṭimid xxxiiin, 235; pre-Fāṭimid authors xxxiin; pre-Fāṭimid Ismā'īlī movement xxi; pre-Fāṭimid Ismā'īlīs 265; pre Fāṭimid Ismā'īlism xxxiv; pre-Fāṭimid text 251; revolution xxxiv; rule 273; state xxi, 273; theologians 271
fatra (intermediate period) 135
fiqh ("jurisprudence") 107n, 147n, 226, 230, 232, 237
fuḥsh ("bluntness") 184
fundament see asās
fuqahā' ("jurisprudents") 342, 344, 347, 349, 350, 353
al-Furāt 288
Furāt Bādaqlā 288
furūḍ 348n
futyā 130n
Gaianism 51
Gaianite diffusion 51
Gaianites 51n
ghā'ib (the "absent" Imām) 175
ghālī ("exaggerator", "extremist") xxix, 170, 171, 171n, 173, 173nn, 180, 185, 186, 188, 189, 190
ghālī fī l-rafḍ 186; ghālī fī I-tashayyu' 186
ghāliya 184
ghayba ("occultation") xvi, xviii, xxvii, xxvii, xxxiii, 29n, 44, 45, 52, 58n, 63, 72, 75, 112, 120, 121, 133n, 135, 136, 139, 147, 151, 152, 179, 179nn, 180, 182, 183, 184, 187, 188, 190
aims of ghayba books 138; authors 139; book by al-Ṭūsī 139, 145; book by Ibn Bābawayh 139, 145, 147; and chiliastic connotations 111; disappearance xxvii; first ghayba 152; al-ghayba al-qaṣīra 152; al-ghayba al-tāmma 144; al-ghayba al-ṭawīta 152; ghayba books 136, 138, 145, 146; Greater Occultation xvi; idea of two ghaybas 152; and imprisonments of Musa al-Kāẓim 112; Lesser Occultation xvi, xxvi, xxviii, xxix; literature 135, 136, 139; major ghayba 152; minor ghayba 140, 152; occultation xviii, 29n, 111, 112, 121, 122, 131n, 133n, 135, 140, 151, 285, 287; origin in Kaysānī sect 110; as part of Kaysānī beliefs 111; second ghayba 152; second occultation 152
Ghulāt xviii, xxn, xxx, 3, 6, 6n, 7, 8, 9, 9n, 10, 10n, 11, 12n, 15, 58, 68n, 69, 73, 73n, 74n, 75, 78, 121, 149, 156, 157, 161, 163, 164, 165, 167, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 182nn, 183,183n, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 190, 237, 238, 239, 246
exaggerators xviii; Ghulāt al-Kaysānīya 43, 181
ghuluww xviii, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, 6, 6n, 7, 7n, 8, 8n, 10, 14n, 15, 43, 58, 62n, 119, 169, 172, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 185n, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190 chiliasm 119; neo-ghuluww 180
Gilan xxx, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 230, 231, 232, 233
Gnostic 238
differentiation between God and Logos 202; system 364; thinker 202
God-Guided One see al-Mahdī
God's Most Beautiful Names see al-asmā' al-ḥusnā
Goliath 327
Greater Occultation see ghayba
Greatest Name of God 196, 203, 204
Jewish equivalent of 203; sources or parallels of 203
Greek
guides of darkness see a'immat al-ẓalām
guides of light see a'immat al-nūr
Guillaume, Alfred 203
adoption of caliphal title 114
al-Hādī ilā I-Ḥaqq see Abu l-Ḥusayn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Qāsim ai-Rassī
ḥadīth 6, 13, 15, 22, 25, 29, 31, 36, 37, 76, 92, 93, 152, 173nn, 185, 186, 188, 190, 237, 240, 241, 258
Hafẓa 86
Ḥā'ir 229
ḥajj ("pilgrimage") 152, 283, 304n
al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf 101, 105n, 214
al-Ḥākim al-Jushamī 163, 163nn
Ḥalam ibn Shaybān 259
Halicarnassus 50
al-Ḥallāj, al-Ḥusayn ibn Manṣūr 10n, 124, 126
Ḥallājian heterodoxy 125
Ḥamāh 289
Ḥamdān Qarmaṭ 155, 257, 261, 262, 268, 269, 270, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279, 284, 285, 288
Ḥamīd al-Dīn al-Kirmānī 290
Ḥamīd ibn 'Abbās 142
Ḥammād ibn 'Īsa al-Juhanī 46nn
Ḥammād ibn 'Uthmān 84
Ḥamza ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 89, 97, 99
Ḥamza ibn 'Umāra al-Barbarī 7, 8, 9n, 180n, 196, 206
Ḥamzīya 179
Ḥanīfa xviii
Ḥannān al-Sarrāj 46u
Ḥanẓala ibn As'ad al-Ḥamdānī al-Shabāmī 75
Ḥanẓala ibn As'ad al-Ḥamdānī al-Shāmī 81
ḥaqā'iq see ḥaqq
ḥaqq (pl. ḥagā'ig) 19n, 263, 265
Harāt 105
al-Harawī 81
Ḥarbīya 12n, 43, 166, 169n, 179
al-Ḥārith (brother of Faḍl al-Aṣghar) 105n
al-Ḥārith ibn 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib 56, 106
Ḥārith ibn Hasīra al-Asdī al-Kūfī 68n
Ḥārith ibn Surayj 293, 295, 304n
Ḥārithīya 7n
al-Ḥarra, battle of 105n
Hārūn al-Rashīd xix, 112, 114, 152, 157, 161, 222, 248, 333, 334, 335, 337, 338, 338n, 341, 348, 351
Ḥasan al-'Askarī xvi, 14n, 69, 117, 119, 120, 124, 131n, 132n, 135, 136, 138, 140, 141, 145, 146, 151, 152, 153, 154, 164, 179n, 285, 287
tafsīr ascribed to 69
Ḥasan al-Baṣrī 52n
Ḥasan al-Harsh 112
Ḥasan ibn 'All xx, 35, 54, 55, 56, 62n, 66n, 78, 81, 85, 89, 96, 99, 100, 122, 176, 201, 213, 218, 222, 227n, 242, 243, 250, 251, 271
al-Ḥasan ibn 'Alī ibn Abī Ḥamza al-Baṭā'inī al-Kūfī 136
al-Ḥasan ibn 'Alī al-Nāṣir itā I-Ḥaqq al-Uṭrūsh xxxi, 224, 225, 226, 227n, 228, 229, 230n, 231, 231nn, 232, 233
as follower of Ja'far al-Ṣādiq 233; called Imām al-Zaydīya 230; ijtihād of 232; madhhab spread by 232; Nāṣirīya 232, 233; tafsīr attributed to 230; titles of al-Nāṣir al-Kabīr; al-Nāṣir li-I-ḥaqq; al-Nāṣir al-Uṭrūsh 224
Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya 171n, 172, 172n
al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn Samā'a al-Kūfī 136
al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib ibn Abī Ṭāhir 137
al-Ḥasan ibn al-Qāsim al-Ḥusaynī 224n, 225, 226
Dā'ī Ṣaghīr as title of 224n, 225
Ḥasan ibn Sulaymān al-Ḥillī see al-Ḥillī
Ḥasan ibn Zayd xxx, 223, 224, 224n, 226, 227, 227n, 228, 229, 232
Dā'ī Kabīr as title of 224n; Imām al-Zaydīya as title of 227n
Ḥasanid xxi, 5, 5n, 6n, 11, 12, 12n, 44, 105, 106, 111, 112, 113, 114, 128n, 176, 179, 237, 334, 335, 336
claims to the Imāmate 78; Mahdī 110
Hāshim 5n, 17, 89, 91n, 92, 97, 97n, 99n, 100, 103, 298, 299; see also Banū Hāshim
Hāshim ibn 'Abd Manāf xxvi
Hāshimites/Hāshimīyaxviii, xix, xxxv, xxxvi, 6n, 88, 89, 90, 91, 97, 97n, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 108, 109, 129n, 205, 253, 291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 299, 300, 301, 305n activists 105; caliph 305n; caliphate 91; candidate 299; clan 299; family 301; genealogy 280; house 126, 295, 296, 299, 300; imām 91; movement 91, 99n, 296, 298; poet 105; revolution 110, 114; revolutionary coalition against the Umayyads 113; ruler 299; Shī'ism 87; slogan 291
Ḥashwīya 213n
Ḥaṣīnīya 214n
Ḥaṣīra ibn 'Abd Allāh 171, 171n
al-Haytham 277
hearts see qulūb
Hell 7n, 23, 25, 62, 69, 69n, 77n, 190
Hibat Allāh 26
Hidden God see Deus Absconditus
Hidden Imām 27, 46n, 58n, 72, 82nn, 84, 120, 121, 122, 125, 131n, 132n, 145, 147, 151, 260
'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl as 260; al-a'imma al-mastūrūn (hidden imāms) 253, 254n, 255; 'Alī as name of 132n; claims to being representatives of 124; designation of 123; hidden imāms 272, 280n; Muḥammad as name of 123–24
Ḥijāz 5, 11, 44, 113, 129n, 146, 248, 259
ḥlj al-fuḍūl 92
al-Ḥilla 288
al-Ḥillī, Ḥasan ibn Sulaymān 64, 65nn
Ḥimārīya 119
Hind 104
Hind bint al-Mutakallifa al-Nā'iṭīya 170, 184
al-Ḥīra 246
Hishām 10
Hishām ibn 'Abd al-Malik xix, 60n
Hishām ibn al-Ḥakam 115, 156, 159, 161, 162, 162n, 165n, 166, 166n, 167, 176, 176n, 185, 236
Hishām ibn al-Jawālīqī 165n
a!-Hofūf see al-Aḥsā'
Ḥudhāfa ibn Ghānim 103
ḥuija (pl. ḥujaj) 15, 56, 81, 86, 130n, 255, 263, 284, 289
ḥulūl xx, 6n, 68n, 70n, 71, 178, 182, 190
complete incarnation 206; incarnation xx; partial incarnation 206
Hunayn 89
al-Ḥusayn al-Ahwāzī 257, 261, 278, 279, 284
al-Ḥusayn ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn 'Ubayd Allāh ibn al-'Abbās 102
Ḥusayn ibn Abī Manṣur al-'Ijlī 216, 218 claim to prophecy 216
Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad 254, 254n
al-Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī xv, xvi, xviii, xx, xxvi, xxvii, 4n, 5, 5n, 11, 12, 13, 26, 35, 41, 41n, 42, 43, 44, 52, 53, 53nn, 54, 55, 55n, 57, 59, 60, 60nn, 62, 62nn, 63, 63n, 64, 66, 66nn, 67, 67nn, 69, 70, 70n, 72, 72n, 74, 74n, 75, 76, 76n, 77n, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 89, 96, 99, 100, 101, 102, 176, 201, 213, 214, 217, 218n, 229, 242, 250, 251, 271, 283 Lord of the Martyrs 42; Prince of Martyrs 60n
Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī ibn al-Ḥasan Ṣāḥib Fakhkh xxi, 6, 11, 112
al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Ḥārith 94n
Ḥusayn ibn al-Mukhtār al-Qalānisī 46nn
al-Ḥusayn ibn Rawḥ al-Nawbakhtī see al-Nawbakhtī Abū I-Qāsim
Ḥusaynid(s) 44, 79, 80, 158, 217, 226n, 237, 334, 339
advantage 12; 'Alid teaching 45; 'Alids 45n, 72, 78, 79; Imāms 79; line 78
Ibāḍīya 213
Ibn 'Abbās 173nn
Ibn 'Asākir 345
Ibn al-Ash'ath see'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn al- Ash'ath
Ibn A'tham 297
Ibn Aws see Muḥammad ibn Aws al-Balkhī
Ibn Bābawayh, Abū Ja'far Muḥammad ibn 'Alī, al-Ṣadūq al-Qummī 46nn, 58, 125, 127, 131n, 137, 138, 138n, 139, 139nn, 142, 145, 146, 147, 149n, 150, 152
Ibn Bābōye/Ibn Bābūya see Ibn Bābawayh
Ibn Barnīya 141, 145, 148, 148n, 150, 151n
Ibn Dayṣān 257
Ibn al-Faḍl 261
Ibn Furāt set 'Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn Furāt
Ibn al-Ḥanafīya see Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya
Ibn Ḥanbal see Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal 232
Ibn Ḥawqal 222, 227, 262, 273, 274
Ibn Ḥawshab Manṣūr al-Yaman, 261, 268, 277, 279, 280, 281, 283, 285, 286, 288, 289
Ibn al-Haytham xxxiv
Ibn Ḥazrn 12, 164, 164n, 165nn, 182, 182n, 196
Ibn Hibban 185
Ibn Isfandiyar 227, 229, 231n, 233
Ibn al-Jawzī 180n
Ibn Jazara 185
Ibn al-Kalbī 102
Ibn Khaldūn 182, 222, 229, 230
Ibn al-Labbān 10n
Ibn Mu'āwiya see 'Abd Allāh ibn Mu'āwiya
Ibn Muqla 143
Ibn al-Nadīm 123, 203, 256, 261
Ibn al-Najjār 186
Ibn Nawf 174n
Ibn Nūḥ see Abū I-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn Nūḥ al-Sīrāfī
Ibn al-Qaddāḥ see 'Abd Allāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ
Ibn Qays al-Ruqayyāt 103
Ibn Qiba seeMuḥammad ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Qiba
Ibn Qutayba 88, 181, 181n, 185, 187, 204
Ibn al-Rāwandī 122
Ibn Rawḥ see Nawbakhtī, Abū I-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn ibn Rawḥ
Ibn al-Riḍā 117
Ibn Rizām see Abū "Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Rizām
Ibn Rūḥ 84
Ibn Rūḥ see Nawbakhtī, Abū I-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn ibn Rawḥ
Ibn al-Rūmī 149
Ibn Saba' see 'Abd Allāh ibn Saba'
Ibn Shahrāshūb 230
Ibn Ṭabāṭabā see Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm 113, 328
Ibn Tammār, 'Alī ibn Ismā'īl al-Mīthamī 160, 161
Ibn Ṭā'ūs 233
Ibn Ṭūmār 151
Ibn Zubayr 5n, 8, 13, 170nn, 293, 294
Ibrāhīm see Abraham
Ibrāhīm ibn 'Abd Allāh xx, 44, 106, 218
and the title al-Hādī 111; uprising in Iraq xx, 111
Ibrāhīm ibn 'Abdu 146
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahziyār al-Ahwāzī 146
Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad xxxvi, 109, 127n, 291, 298, 314, 326
Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Sa'īd al-Thaqafī 186
Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā 113
Ibrāhīm ibn Ṣāliḥ al-Anmāṭī 137
Ibrāhīm ibn Yazīd al-Makfūf 183n
Ibrāhīm al-Imām 110, 295, 296, 297, 300, 301, 304n
Ibrāhīm al-Mahdī 348
Īdhaj 307n
Idrīs 'Imād ai-Dīn 236, 247, 253
ifrāṭ ("excessiveness") 184
al-Ījī 200
'Ijl 197
'Ijlān ibn al-Nāwūs see 'Abd Allāh ('Ijlān) ibn al-Nāwūs
al-'Ijlī 185
ijmā' 342
ikhtilāf 11n
Ikjān, Mount 288
'ilj 18n
'Illīyūn/'Illīyīn 24, 25, 25n, 27, 28, 36
'ilm ("knowledge") xxvi, 13, 21, 37, 38, 39, 80, 240, 283
as cornerstone of the imāmate doctrine 115; knowledge xxvi, 349; knowledge of a minor imām 115
'ilm al-'ālim ("scholarly knowledge") 31n
Imām xvi, xviii, xix, xxi, xxvi, xxviii, xxix, xxxi, 3n, 6n, 8, 9, 9n, 11n, 12n, 13, 17, 19, 19n, 21, 22, 23, 25n, 26, 27, 28, 29, 29n, 31, 31n, 32n, 33, 34, 34n, 35, 36, 37, 41, 41n, 42, 43, 43n, 44, 49n, 52, 53, 55, 56, 59, 63, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71n, 72, 73, 78, 79, 80, 91, 99, 107, 117, 119, 120, 124, 128nn, 129n, 130n, 131nn, 132nn, 135, 136nn, 138, 140, 141, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 154, 155, 157, 158, 164, 169n, 170, 171, 171n, 173, 175, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 182n, 185, 187, 189, 196, 200, 205, 206, 213, 217, 224, 226, 227n, 228, 229, 232, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 243n, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254n, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261, 262, 264, 265, 266, 271, 273, 278, 281, 283, 287, 289, 290, 291, 292, 306n, 336, 340, 341, 342, 345, 348, 349, 350, 352
'aduww al-imām 19; Imām nāṭiq ("speaking Imām") 218; Imām ṣāmit ("silent Imām") 218; mustaqarr ('permanent') 251; mustawda' ("temporary") 251; see also individual Imāms; Hidden Imām
Imāmate/Imāma xxvii, xxxvii, 3, 5, 6n, 10, 11n, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19n, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 49n, 53n, 56, 59, 72, 78, 80, 87, 115, 121, 122, 126, 127, 128n, 132n, 139, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 158nn, 159, 159n, 161, 161n, 162, 164, 179, 197, 199, 205, 213, 217, 218, 237, 241, 242, 243, 245, 247, 248, 249, 251, 253, 254, 254n, 255, 256, 264, 268, 270, 272, 274, 297, 298, 337, 339, 340, 350 creed 64; theory of xxvii
Imāmī(s), the "Twelver" Shī'a xvi, xvin, xvii, xviii, xix, xx, xxi, xxiii, xxiv, xxv, xxvi, xxix, xxviii, xxix, 3, 3n, 6, 6n, 7, 8, 10, 10n, 11, 13, 14n, 18, 42, 108, 108n, 110, 112, 114, 120, 128n, 130nn, 135, 135n, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 145, 147, 148, 150, 150n, 151, 153, 159, 159n, 162, 163, 165, 166, 167, 169, 180, 183, 181, 183, 186, 190, 232, 234, 237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 261, 285, 286, 346, 347
attitude to the Qur'ān xxviiin; authority 181; authors 11, 183, 185, 185n; belief xvi; beliefs xxii; bio-bibliographic notes 74; biographical dictionary 186; canon 118; chiliasts 124; circles 72, 75, 155, 185, 246; collections 128n; communities 116, 117, 120; community xxi, xxvii, xxix, 115, 117, 120, 122, 124, 285; corpus 17, 25, 118; doctrine xvi, xxiv, 18n, 149n; doctrines 47n, 154; families xxviii, 120; family 110; firaq literature 287; followers of Muḥammad ibn Ja'far al-Ṣādiq 158; genealogist 245; heresiographers 130n, 182; heresiographers xxviii, 236, 242, 249, 251, 258; heretics 155; hierarchial organization xxviii, 121; hierarchy 113, 115, 119, 120, 121, 124, 125; hierocratic leadership 121; historian 344; history xxiv, xxv; Imām 179; Imāms 135, 139, 141n, 148; line of Imāms 72, 88; literature xxxviin, 118, 259; lore 15; loyalty to the Imāms xvii; moderation 6; Nājiya-Imāmīya creed 232; office holding aristocray in 'Abbāsid state 110; officials 110; participation in 'Alīd rebellions 112; pious legends 14; pretenders 340; Qur'ān exegesis xxviii; scholarly tradition 155; scholars ('ulamā') 114, 119, 120, 121, 156, 161, 236; school 45, 46, 70n, 72, 73, 75;; sects 109, 110, 112, 113, 156, 230; Shī'a in al-Kūfa 121; Shī'ī authors xxix; Shī'ī community 116; Shī'ī doctrines xxii; Shī'ī ghayba literature 135; Shī'ī law 347; Shī'ī milieu; Shī'ī thought xxv; Shī'ī tradition xxiii; Shī'īs xviii, xxiv, xxvii, xxxiii, 121, 123, 127, 130n, 237; Shī'īsm xxii, xxiii, xxiv, xxv, xxvn, xxvi, xxvii, xxxviin, 26, 109, 110, 111, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 122, 124, 127, 264; sources 136, 159, 243, 248, 246, 258; spectacles 11; terminology 15; texts xxiv, xxxviin; theology xxvii, 33, 139, 142, 151; thesis xx; thought xxvii; tradition xxviii, 159, 214; traditionists 245; traditions xxix, 27n, 32, 64, 128n; work 159; world view 21; writings 153; al-zujāj as description of loyal Imāmīs 28, 29n
Imāms xvi, xvii, xix, xx, xxiii, xxvi, xxvii, xxxiii, 3, 10n, 11, 12n, 14, 14n, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 27n, 29, 30, 32n, 34, 35, 38, 45, 47n, 54, 55, 57, 58n, 59, 61, 62, 64, 66, 68n, 69, 70n, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76n, 78, 79, 80, 82, 88, 106, 108, 116, 118, 121, 128n, 135, 135n, 138, 145, 156, 158, 160, 161n, 162, 176, 179, 180, 181, 182, 190, 226, 227, 232, 233, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 249n, 250, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 271, 272, 273, 274, 280, 298, 339, 342, 346, 349
a'immat al-ḍalāl ("imāms of error") 19, 20; a'immat al-hudā ("imāms of guidance") 19, 20; a'immat al-nūr ("guides of light") 19; a'immat al-ẓalām ("guides of darkness") 19; child imāms 13n; divinity of 246, 268, 269; martyrological accounts of the Imāms' lifes 117
impeccability see 'iṣma
incarnation seeḥulūl
infallible see ma'ṣūm
innovation see bid'a
intercession xvii, 70n, 76, 86
intermediary see safīr
intermediate period see Jatra
Iqbal, 'Abbās 121, 142, 153, 163n
Iran(ian) xxiv, xxxvi, xxxvii, 9, 109, 116, 117, 118, 122, 125, 146, 200, 206, 234, 288, 312, 313, 324
beliefs 317; converts 126; empire 312, 318, 320; ideals 314; influence xxivn, 314; institutions 312, 313; masses 117; national feeling 319; nationalism 331n; origin 216, 324; past 312, 318; privileges 328; revival 316; scholars 331n; sentiments 314; specialists xxxviin; style 313; uprising xxxvn
Iranization 313, 314, 317, 319
Iranized Arab settlers 313
Iraq xvi, xxx, 15, 44, 50n, 52, 74, 87, 105, 110, 113, 114, 116, 117, 121, 146, 152, 154, 155, 195, 196, 197, 200, 204, 206, 209n, 215, 218, 237, 246, 248, 249, 252, 253, 257, 260, 261, 262, 267, 268, 269, 270, 272, 273, 277, 296, 302, 307n, 317, 318, 319, 340, 343, 352
Aramaean population of 197; capital 344; community 277; opinion 333
'Īsā see Jesus
'Īsā ibn Zayd ibn 'Alī (d 783) 158, 217
'Isāwites 200
al-Isfarā'inī 200
Isfīd Rūd 231
Isḥāq al-Aḥmar 180
Isḥāq ben Ya'qūb Ubadia Abū 'Isā al-Iṣfahānī 200
Isḥāq ibn al-Faḍl 106
Isḥāq ibn Ja'far (al-Ṣādiq) 244
Isḥāq ibn Ya'qūb 82
Ishmael 26
Isis 203
impeccability 42
Ismā'īl ibn Abraham 78
Ismā'īl ibn Ja'far xxi, 14, 14n, 155, 179n, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 244n, 245, 246, 247, 250, 251, 255, 256, 248, 268
as Mahdī 241
Ismā'īl ibn Muḥammad 249
Ismā'īlī(s) xxi, xxivn, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiin, xxxiii, xxxiv, xxxivn, xxxv, 6, 7, 10, 11, 11n, 13, 15, 108, 130n, 162, 169, 201, 214, 232, 235, 235n, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 243n, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283
account 253n; anti-Ismā'ītī tendency 280n; anti-Ismā'īlī forgery 278n; anti-Ismā'īlī pamphleteer 272; anti-Ismā'īlī polemicists 155; authors 36n, 289; belief 254; beliefs xxxiii; cause 270; centre 268; community xxxiin, 255, 262, 277; conventicle 269; cosmology 265, 266, 270; da'īs xxxiii, xxxin, 235, 242, 278; da'wa 253, 254, 260, 261, 262, 263, 287, 290; doctrine 155, 258, 270, 272, 276; doctrine of salvation 290; groups 252; historical sources 253; history xxxiii, xxxiv, 271, 275; Imām 263; Imāms 253, 263; al-khāliṣa ("pure") xxi, 162, 242, 243, 243n; law xxxiv; leadership 260; licentiousness 278; literature 235, 247, 250, 287, 289; manuscripts xxxii; mission xxxv, 268, 269, 271; missionaries 232, 269, 270; missionary 155; missionary work 277, 279n; movement xxi, xxxv, 154, 162, 236, 239, 252, 253, 255, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 275; neoplatonic cosmology 266; origin of name 239; pro-Ismā'ītī Shī'īs 242; propaganda xxxiii, 268, 269, 277; proto-Ismā'īlīgroups 243n; proto-Ismā'īlī origins 235; proto-Ismā'īlīs xxxiv, 241, 247; provenance xxxiin; Qarmaṭians 123; referred to as Malāḥida 239; religion 277; religious system xxxv, 263; scholars xxxivn, xxxviin; Shī'ism 10, 118; sources 236, 243, 244, 244n, 247, 254, 254n, 259, 278; state 274; studies xxxiii, 235, 236, 258; teachings xxxiv, 232; texts xxxiv, 235, 265, 270; thinker 266; thought xxxiv, 266, 274; tradition 247; treatise 247; al-wāqifa 242; works xxxiii
tsnāds 11, 46nn, 55, 58, 58n, 62n, 70n, 76n Sunnī 11
al-Iṣṭakhrī 227
Ithnā 'Asharī Shī'ism see Imāmīya
Ivanow, Vladimir xxxii, xxxiii, 236, 242, 258
Jābir ibn Ḥayyān 32n
Jābirian corpus 39n
Jabrīya 28n
Jacob 61n
Ja'd ibn Dirham 209n
Ja'far ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Ḥimyarī 62n
Ja'far ibn Abī Ṭālib xx, 89, 97, 99, 100n
Ja'far ibn Aḥmad ibn M-t-i-1 142, 149
Ja'far ibn 'Alī (son of al-Hādī) 118, 119, 120, 126
Ja'far ibn Ḥarb 214
Ja'far ibn Manṣūr al-Yaman 243n, 252, 256, 271, 289
Ja'far ibn Muḥammad al-Nayrūzī al-Ṭabarī 228
Ja'far al-Ṣādiq xvi, xx, xxi, xxin, xxi, xxvi, xxvii, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 11n, 12, 12n, 13, 13n, 14, 14n, 15, 17, 22, 23n, 25, 33, 33n, 34b, 42, 44, 45, 46, 46n, 47nn, 48, 48n, 49nn, 53, 54, 56, 57, 57n, 58, 58nn, 59, 61, 61n, 62, 63, 66, 66n, 67n, 68, 68n, 70, 70n, 71, 72n, 74, 75, 76, 76n, 78, 79, 84, 88, 109, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 119, 126n, 152, 156n, 158, 161, 162, 162n, 179, 179n, 233, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 255, 259, 268, 271, 295, 300, 347
and chiliastic extremism 111; as Mahdī 240; as ṣāḥib al-sayf 111; as silent prophet 239; on the right of the Imāms to khums 10$; refusal to recognise Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan as Mahdī 109; relations with al-Manṣūr 110; Sunnī view of xxvii; teacher of Wāṣil ibn 'Aṭā' 227
al-Jāḥiẓ 174, 184, 185, 189, 210, 210n, 211, 211n, 212, 215, 215nn, 216n, 218, 338, 338n, 341n, 344, 350, 351
jahl (cosmic ignorance) 19, 19n
Jalūlā 221
jamā'a 293
Jamūla 103
janāḥ 289
see also Mu'āwiya
al-Jannābī, Abū Sa'īd Ḥasan ibn Bahrān 154, 261, 262, 268, 273, 274, 277, 279
al-Jannābī, Sulaymān ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Sa'īd 278
al-jarḥ wa-l-ta'dīl 185
Jarry 51
Jārūdīs 158, 163n, 164, 214, 232
Jastān ibn Wahsūdān ibn al-Marzubān 225, 225n
Jastānids 222n
Jawad Ali 140
Jesus ('Īsā) xxi, xxvii, 8, 26, 45, 45n, 46, 47, 48, 48n, 49, 50n, 51, 52, 52n, 57, 59, 60n, 61n, 62n, 67nn, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81, 128n, 173, 251, 264, 271, 314
considered a prophet by 'Īsāwites 200
equivalent of Greatest Name of God 203; influence xxvn; legend 69n; lore 69n; Merk-aba mysticism 203; sect of Persia 200; tradition 61, 61n
Jīl(ites) 225, 230, 230n, 231, 232
jinn 23n
John 26, 60, 60nn, 67, 67nn, 75, 78
see also St. John
Jonah 55
Josephus 52n
al-Jubba 288
Judaeo-Christian image 67n
Judaic tradition 52n
Judaism 49, 52n, 203; see also Jews
Juday' ibn 'Alī al-Kirmānī 294, 299
Jūdī, Mount 55
Julian of Halicarnassus, 50, 50nn
teaching 51; version of Monophysitism 50
Jūzjāri 217
al-Jūzjānī 185
Ka'b ibn Mālik 97
kahāna 171
kāhin 173
Kamad, Mount 69n
Kāmilīya xxx, 164n, 165, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219
Kangdiz 117
Karbalā' xvi, xviii, xxvi, 13, 41, 42, 52, 59, 74, 75, 76, 79, 89, 102, 283, 287
Karbīya/Karibīya 196
karra 65, 66, 68, 68n, 70n, 71, 75, 79
al-Kashshī 7, 15, 46nn, 145, 146, 163, 164, 166, 181, 244, 245
kātib 143
al-Katība 94
Kaysān 5n, 811
Kaysān Abū Amra 187
Kaysānīya xviii, xviiinn, xix, 7n, 43, 44, 45, 110, 111, 112, 118, 128n, 166, 166n, 169, 169n, 171, 172, 175, 175nn, 176, 179, 181, 182, 182nn, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 199, 218n .
al-khāliṣa 169n, 190; Ghulāt al-Kaysānīya 181; neo-Kaysānī circle 47; neo-Kaysānī groupings 59; neo-Kaysānī messianism 44; neo-Kaysānī millenarianism 44
Khalaf 277
Khālid ibn Makhlad al-Qaṭawānī 185, 186
Khālid ibn Yazīd ibn Mu'āwiya 101, 101n
Khalīfa ibn al-Khayyāṭ 105
Khallanjī Street 145
Khandaq al-Asadī 188
khannāqūn / khunnāq ("stranglers"), 6n, 215
Khārijite(s) 4, 12, 96n, 98, 105n, 117, 292, 295, 303n
Khashabīya 188
Khaṭṭābī(s) xx, xxn, 7n, 156n, 162, 165, 165nn, 166, 179, 205, 238, 238n, 239, 243, 245, 246, 247, 268, 269, 271
belief in divinity of imāms 247; group 273; leaders 245; sub-groups 249n
khawāṣṣ al-awliyā' 306n
Khaybar 94
Khaybarī ibn 'Alī al-Ṭaḥḥān 183n
Khidāshīya 179
al-Kh-l-ani 141
Khomeini 42
al-Khudharī 226
khulafā' ("deputies") 256
khums 92, 93, 94, 98, 99, 107, 107nn, 108, 108n, 116, 120
khunnāq see khannāqūn
Khurāsān xix, xx, xxxv, xxxvn, 6n, 12, 58n, 109, 114, 116, 146, 154, 155, 203, 223n, 252, 257, 262, 266, 269, 275, 291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 300, 301, 302, 303n, 304n, 305n, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 332n, 334, 345, 346 ahl Khurāsān 324; army 312, 318, 319; court of 341; dā'ī xxxiv; da'wa 304n; forces 323; interlocutor 323; lisāt ahl Khurāsān 317; lughat ahl Khurāsān 317; missionaries 301; rebel 293; revolution 301; troops 296, 302; war effort 302
Khurramindīnī(s) 9, Khurramindīnīs 10n
Khuzā'a 293
Khūzistān 248, 253, 257, 259, 260, 277
al-Khwānsārī 230
al-Kishshī see al-Kashshī
knowledge tee 'ilm
kūdak-e dānā 118
al-Kūfa xviii, xix, xx, 4, 5, 9n, 43, 46n, 53, 53n, 58, 58n, 60, 75, 81, 87, 88, 100, 102, 104, 110, 113, 116, 117, 121, 132n, 141n, 147, 154, 165n, 170, 170nn, 173, 173n, 174, 187, 189, 195, 199, 213, 215, 218n, 221, 228, 229, 237, 238, 246, 248, 252, 261, 270, 278, 279, 281, 286, 288, 294, 297, 305n
belief 188; beliefs 111; branch 288; circles 67n; companion of al-Ṣādiq 61; ghulāt tradition 73n, 74n, 75; ghuluww xxxii; gnostics 215; groups 9; ideas 187; ideology 47; interpretation 52; Kaysānī xviii, 9, 11, 46, 187, 188; legacy 47n; legal tradition xxxi; movement 72; organisation 296; poet 181, 189; revolutionary leader 110; rivals 12; Shī*a 91; Shī'īs xxvi, 237; Shī'ism 99; Shī'ites 12n; sympathizers 111; view of Ibn al-Ḥanafīya 63n
al-Kulaynī, Muḥammad ibn Ya'qūb 23, 46n, 82, 121, 138, 145
Kumayl ibn Ziyād al-Nakha'ī 37, 38, 39, 39n, 214, 215, 215n
al-Kumayt ibn Zayd al-Asadī xxvi, 87ff, 184
kūnī 265
kunya 33n, 209nn, 214n, 247, 253
Kutāma 282
Berbers see Berbers; pilgrims 281
Lāhījān 232
lāḥiq 289
Lammens, H. 96
Layla bint Qumāma al-Muzanīya 170
legatee seewaṣī
Lesser Occuitation aee ghayba
lisān ahl Khurāsān 317
liṣāq 104
Logos 202
Lord of the Appearance 155
Lord of the House see ṣāḥib al-dār
Lord of the Martyrs see al-Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī
Lord of the Sword seeṣāḥib al-sayj
Lord of Time see ṣāḥib al-zamān
Lu'ayy 126
lughat ahl Khurāsān 317
Ma'dan al-Shumaytī 214, 215, 215n, 216, 216n
Madelung, Wilferd xxv, xxvi, xxix, xxx, xxxi, xxxiv, 114, 122, 214, 237
madhhab 11, 226, 227, 228, 229, 232, 233
Maghrib 7, 112, 257, 258, 280, 281, 287, 288
Magians 221
maḥabba 37n
Mahdī xvi, xviii, xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 6, 12n, 19, 43, 44, 45, 46n, 47, 49, 52, 60n, 63, 64, 67, 85, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 118, 128nn, 144, 151, 175, 189, 196, 198, 199, 240, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 257, 258, 265, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, 280, 285, 287, 289, 295, 351
Abū Hāshim as Mahdī 198; Abū Qāsim Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh as Mahdī 274; as title 114; as title of Abū 'Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan 226; as title of al-Nafs al-Zakīya 217; called al-Sufyānī 351; Ibn al-Ḥanafīya as Mahdī and qā'im 111; Imām-Mahdī 242; Ismā'īl ibn Ja'far as Mahdī 241; Mahdī dogma 44; Mahdī-Qā'im 274; Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl as Mahdī 247, 271
al-Mahdī xix, 92, 106, 110, 157, 216, 306n, 334, 349
adoption of caliphal title 114
Mahdī ibn Fīrūz 118
Mahtamābad 288
majālis 290
al-Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir 41, 233
Mākān ibn Kākī 225
al-Maktūm see Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl
Malāḥida see Ismā'ītīs
Mālik al-Ashtar 4
Mālik ibn Abī l-Samḥ 102
Mālikī(s)
Malkūt Sn
Ma'mar 179
Mamṭūra 165n
al-Ma'mūn xxxvii, 11n, 113, 117, 204, 129, 241, 298, 305n, 306n, 333, 335, 338, 339, 340, 341, 341 n, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 348n, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353
Manichaeanism 50n, 51, 116, 199, 200, 278
Manṣūr 215
al-Manṣūr, Abū Ja'far 'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad xix, xx, 4n, 5, 11, 12, 12n, 13n, 106, 110, 114, 148, 157, 176, 198, 217, 218, 237, 238, 239, 245, 246, 295, 296, 301, 302, 303n, 306n, 315, 334, 336 Manṣūr (messianic title adopted by Abū Ja'far) 114
Manṣūr al-Yaman see Ibn Ḥawshab
Mariṣūrīya 156n, 165, 165nn, 205, 216
al-Maqrīzī 200
maqṣūras 348
al-Mar'ashī 222
marāthī 58n
Marcion of Sinope 202
Marcionites 203
Marcus Aurelius xxiii
al-Marghīnānī 107
martyr(dom) 64, 77, 79, 101, 157
martyrological accounts of the Imāms' lives 117
Marv see Marw
Marw/Marv xix, 113, 114, 339, 348
Marwān II 110, 216, 295, 310, 311
maskh 32, 32nn, 33n, 59, 68n, 69, 69n, 70nn, 79
bodily transformation 79; metamorphosis 33; transmigration 69
Master of the End Time 82
al-Mas'ūdī 163, 221, 221n, 231, 335
ma'ṣūm 187
mawadda 86
mawālī tee mawlā
al-Māwardī 107
mawlā (pl. mawālī) 5, 18nn, 26, 43, 44, 93, 103, 116, 117, 118, 130n, 197, 242, 258, 293
Maymūn
as name of imāms 259, 260; as sobriquet of Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl 259
Maymūn ibn al-Aswad al-Qaddāḥ al-Makkī 257, 258, 259, 260, 272, 280n
as maymūn al-naqība 260; al-qādiḥ zand al-hidāya 260
Maytham al-Tammār 55n
sectarians of Sassanid Persia 203; tradition 61 n
Mecca(ns) 6, 33, 62, 90, 101, 105, 109, 113, 129n, 170n, 228, 229, 258, 259, 281, 283, 287, 295, 301, 310, 320, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327
alliance 325; cavalry 324; Companions 93; opponents 323; origins 310; Quraysh 99n
Medina(ns) xvi, xxi, 4, 4n, 5n, 8, 12, 13, 72n, 100, 101, 102, 103, 112, 113, 117, 141, 152, 228, 229, 244, 248, 249, 288, 292, 322, 323, 324, 325, 236, 327, 332n
'Abbāsid poet 102; Anṣār 93; society 101
Messenger 31, 54, 55, 56, 57, 62, 81, 89, 94, 97, 103, 157, 174, 178, 200, 250, 285, 320, 322, 323, 325, 327
rasūl 250
Messiah 47, 52n, 62n, 67, 199, 200, 205
metamorphosis see maskh
metempsychosis see tanāsukh
Mihrōye 278
Mīla 281
mīm 10
Miryam 61n
missionary see dā'ī
Miṣṭaḥ ibn Uthātha ibn 'Abbād ibn al-Muṭṭalib 94n
mīthāq ("pact") 27
Mongol(s) 328
Monophysite(s) 49, 50, 50nn, 51
position 51
Moses xxi, 8, 22, 26, 52nn, 61n, 69n, 77, 128n, 264, 271, 286
Mt. Ikjān see Ikjān
Mt. Jūdī see Jūdī
Mt. Kamad see Kamad
Mt. Nebo 52n
Mt. Raḍwa see Raḍwa
Mt. Sinai see Sinai
Mu'aminarīya 165
Mu'āwiya ibn 'Abd Allāh 104
Mu'āwiya ibn Abī Sufyān xv, xxx, 4, 4n, 42, 86, 99, 100, 101, 212, 213, 292, 293, 294, 310, 337, 345, 351
as epithet of Ismā'īl ibn Ja'far 242, 259; as name of Imāms 259; as pseudonym of Ismā'īl ibn Ja'far 242n
Mubarākīya xxi, 242, 243, 247, 248, 249, 249nn, 250, 253, 259
al-Mubarrad 101n
mudabbir see 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib
Mufaḍḍal ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān see al-Faḍl ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān
al-Mufaḍḍal ibn 'Umar al-Ju'fī 245
Mufaḍḍatīya 245
mujawwiḍa 58, 69, 78, 119, 180
al-Mufīd see al-Shaykh al-Mufīd
Mughīra 7, 7n, 8n, 9, 12n, 15, 157, 165n,
Mughīraibn Sa'īd 44, 196, 197, 198, 202, 204, 217, 219, 239
muḥaddathūn 173n, 185, 186, 189, 190
muhājirūn 288
Muhallabid(s) 307n
Muḥammad xv, xvii, xviii, xix, xx, xxi, xxvi, xxvin, xxx, xxxvi, 3, 4, 4n, 5, 6n, 7, 8, 9, 9n, 13, 15, 17, 21, 24, 25nn, 26, 28, 31, 35, 37, 41, 42, 45n, 49, 51, 53, 53n, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 60n, 61, 63, 66, 66nn, 67n, 68, 68n, 69, 69n, 70n, 72, 73, 74, 74n, 76, 76n, 77, 77n, 78, 79, 81, 84, 84n, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91n, 92, 93, 94, 95, 95n, 96, 97, 97n, 98, 99, 100, 100n, 101, 102, 104, 106, 107, 108, 123, 128n, 135, 156, 172, 173nn, 187, 189, 211, 212, 218, 239, 250, 251, 264, 271, 273, 274, 278, 288, 291, 294, 295, 298, 299, 300, 309, 311, 313, 314, 318, 320, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 332n, 334, 344, 345, 347, 350 as nabī al-khayr ("prophet of goodness") 97; considered prophet by 'Īsāwites 200; designation of 'Alī 12; family of the Prophet 260; House of Muḥammad 100, 111, 125; House of the Prophet 109, 113; light of 35, 36n; prophetic mission 206; seal of the prophets xvii, 8, 206; tomb in Medina 72n
Muḥammad
as name of eighth Ismā'īlī imām 251; as name of the hidden imām 123–24, 132n; as name of the qā'im 155; as pseudonym 255
Muḥammad al-Amīn 110
Muḥammad al-Aṣghar 102
Muḥammad al-Bāqir xvi, xxvi, xxvii, 6n, 11, 12, 12n, 13n, 14, 14n, 15, 24, 25, 28, 30, 42, 44, 45, 47, 47n, 49, 49n, 54, 54n, 56n, 58, 60n, 65, 65n, 66nn, 67n, 68, 68nn, 69, 70, 74, 75, 78, 79, 80, 90, 91, 109, 111, 113, 115, 128n, 156n, 158, 179, 199, 218, 237, 250, 258, 271
Sunnī view of xxvii
Muḥammad ibn 'Abel Allāh 336
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh (Ḥasanid) 44, 110, 128n, 158
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh as the qā'im 154, 155
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan 105
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn 71n
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far 154, 164
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Mumallak al-Iṣfahānī 132n
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Maḥḍ (rebelled in Medina) 325, 326
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Nafs al-Zakīya xx, 4n, 11, 11n, 12, 13, 13n, 106, 109, 111, 114, 163n, 179, 198, 217, 217n, 218, 218n, 219, 237, 295, 296, 300, 304nn, 306n, 307n
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Ṭāhir 223
Muḥammad ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Qiba 122, 123, 127, 131n, 132n
Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr 4
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū Ḥakīm, Abū I-Shalaghlagh/Salala, Sa'īd al-Khayr 254
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Quḍā'a 137
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Junayd al-Kātib al-Iskāfī 137, 150
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī (son of al-Hādī) xix, 90, 118, 119
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī 291, 296, 298, 321, 322, 323, 324
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī al-Aswad 147n
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Bashshār 58n
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Bilāl 145
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn al-Faḍl ibn Tammām al-Kūfī al-Dihqān 137
Muḥammad ibn 'Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn 'Alī al-Riḍā I79n
Muḥammad ibn Aws al-Balkhī 223, 224
Muḥammad ibn Baba 119
Muḥammad ibn Badr 183n
Muḥammad ibn al-Fuḍayl ibn Ghazwān al-Ḍabbī 186
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya xviii, xix, 3, 5n, 6n, 7, 8, 11, 12, 43, 45, 46, 46n, 47, 47n, 48, 59, 63n, 89, 91, 100, 102, 128n, 131n, 135, 170, 170nn, 171n, 173, 173n, 174, 175, 175n, 176, 179, 187, 188, 189, 196, 198, 200, 201, 242, 298, 336
considered Mahdī by Kaysīnīya 110
Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Sarakhsī 224
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan 123, 124, 151
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Farrūkh al-Ṣaffār al-Qummī see al-Ṣaffār al-Qummī
Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Isḥāq al-Ṭāliqānī 82
Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahziyār al-Ahwāzī 146
Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Imām 305n
Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm, Ibn Ṭabāṭabā 113, 328, 335
Muḥammad ibn 'Īsā 164n
Muḥammad ibn 'Isā ibn 'Ubayd ibn Yaqṭīn 163
Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq al-Asadī 121
Muḥammad ibn Ismā'il xxxiv, 118, 238, 242, 244n, 248, 248n, 249, 249nn, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 268, 269, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, as Mahdī 247, 250, 257, 258, 271, 275, 287; as the qā'im 155n, 250, 251, 271; Mahdīship of 251, 254, 255, 271, 272, 273, 276n; al-Maktūm 248; Maymūn as sobriquet of 259
Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl ibn Bazī' 110, 128n
Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl ibn Ja'far xxi, 155, 256, 258
Muḥammad ibn Ja'far 105
Muḥammad ibn Ja'far al-Asadī 58nn
Muḥammad ibn Ja'far al-Diībīj 113, 158, 240, 241, 244, 271
Muḥammad ibn Khālid al-Barqī 62n, 76n, 84
Muḥammad ibn Mas'ūd al-'Ayyāshī al-Samarqandī 137
Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad (Ḥasanid) 113
Muḥammad ibn Muslim 66n
Muḥammad ibn al-Nu'mān al-Shaykh al-Mufīd see al-Shaykh al-Mufīd
Muḥammad ibn Qays 14
Muḥammad ibn Qāsim Ṣāḥib al-Ṭāliqān 163n, 339
Muḥammad ibn Sinān 183n
Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān 58n
Muḥammad ibn 'Uthmān al-'Amrī, Abū Ja'far see al-'Amrī
Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā al-Zaydī al-'Alawī 233
Muḥammad ibn Ya'qūb al-Kulaynī see al-Kulaynī
Muḥammad ibn Zayd 224, 225, 227 229
al-Dā'ī ilā I-ḥaqq as title of 224; Dā'ī Saghīr as title of 224
Muḥammad al-Mahdī 136; see also Twelfth Imam
Muḥammad al-Nasafī see al-Nasafī
Muḥammad Ṭaqī al-Jawād xxxvi, 130n, 164, 116, 344, 348
Muḥarram ceremonies 77
Muḥsin ibn al-Furāt 125
al-Muhtadī 117
al-Mu'izz 255, 259, 260, 265n, 266, 274
Mu'izz al-Dawla 233
Mukharrim quarter 329
Mukhtār ibn Abī 'Ubayd al-Thaqafī, xviii, xxix, 4n, 5, 5n, 6, 7n, 8, 9n, 11, 43, 170, 170nn, 171, 171nn, 172, 173, 173n, 174, 174n, 175, 175n, 184, 187, 188, 188n, 189, 195, 198, 199, 205, 294, 295, 298
claim to be infallible (maṣ'ūm) 187
Mukhtārīya 166n, 171, 172, 174, 175, 187, 189
mulk al-karra 68
mu'min 289
munāsakha see naskh
al-Muqanna' al-Khurāsānī 184
al-Muqtadir 10, 151, 120, 124, 142
a!-Murtaḍā ibn al-Hādī 108n
al-Murtaḍā al-Rāzī 196
Mūsā al-Kāẓirn xxi, 13n, 14, 14n, 17, 46n, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 128nn, 129n, 130n, 135, 136, 149, 152, 154, 155, 157, 161, 162, 162n, 166, 176, 176n, 179, 179n, 185, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 248, 249, 334
and claim to be the qā'im 112, 128n; imprisonments and the idea of ghayba 112
Muṣ'sb ibn al-Zubayr 294
Mūsāfirid amīr 274
Muslim(s) 316
community xviii, 9, 10, 22, 41, 49, 77, 87, 90, 95, 97n, 103, 106, 123, 128n, 205, 211, 221, 225, 292, 320, 325, 326, 328, 347, 353; contemporaries 320; exegesis 48; family 310; ghulāt 173; group 174; historical community 247; interpretation 95; legend 60n; majority 237; rule 206; sects 153; theology 228; warriors 95, 98, 275; women 95n; world xxxvii, xxxviin, 252, 277
Muṣṭafā Ghālib 244n
al-Mustaḥill 88
mustajīb ("novice") 287
Musta'lawī Ismā'īlis 251
Musta'lī-Ṭayyibī dā'ī 236
mustawda' 218
al-Mu'taḍid 229
al-Mu'tamid 117
Muṭarrif ibn al-Mughīra ibn Shu'ba 292, 294, 295, 298, 303n
al-Mutawakkil 117, 141, 204, 283
Mu'tazila xxiv, xxxi, 11n, 122, 149, 156, 157, 158, 158n, 159, 176n, 204, 209, 212, 214, 227n, 228, 229, 257, 333, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 342, 349, 350, 352, 353
anti-Mu'tazitī excesses 338; anti-Mu'tazili party 338; doctrine 149, 159n, 204, 228, 348; groups 213; inspired spirit of authority 350; miḥna 333, 338; movement 339; movements 337; pro-Mu'tazilī convictions 351; qāḍī 349; school 122; spirit 139; supporters 336; sympathies of Abū Sahl al-Nawbakhtī 122; al-tawḥīd wa-l-'adl 228; theology 204, 159n, 349; views 159n, 228, 229
al-Mu'tazz 117
mutirnm 289
al-Muṭṭalib 92
al-Muṭṭalib ibn 'Abd al-Manāf 94
al-Muttaqī li-llāh 143
mysticism 203
al-Muẓaffar ibn Aḥmad 58n
claim of 'Abd Allāh ibn Maytnūrt al-Qaḍḍāḥ to be a prophet 257; claim of Bayān ibn Sam'ān to be a prophet 199, 201; nāṭig ("speaking" prophet) xxi, 15, 239, 252, 264, 289; prophet xxin, 26, 31, 31n, 32n, 43n, 45, 51n, 52nn, 61, 61n, 78, 95, 165n, 196, 201, 216, 217, 271, 289; prophet–messenger 250; prophets xvii, 10, 19, 19nn, 21, 22, 26, 27, 27n, 32nn, 48n, 54, 61, 62, 66, 73, 77, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 96, 98, 139, 157, 178, 187, 199, 200, 239, 263, 264, 275, 285; ṣāmit ("silent" prophet) 15, 239; ulū l-'azm 251
nabī al-khayr see Muḥammad
nābita 351
Nāfi' ibn al-Azraq 213
al-Nafs al-Zakīya see Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Nafs al-Zakiya
Nagel, Tilman xxxvi, 88, 91, 104, 106
Nahd 9n
Nahr 'Īsā 144n
Nahr al-Mīmā 288
Nahr ai-Rummān 288
Nahr Sūrā 288
Najda 98
Nājiya-Imāmīya creed 232
Christians 51
Namīrīya 157
naqīb (pl. nuqabā') 151, 306n, 318, 322, 323, 324
al-Nasafī, Muḥammad xxxiii, 266, 275
al-Nāṣir al-Kabīr see al-Ḥasan ibn 'Alī
madhhab 233
naskh 178
munāsakha 184; reincarnation 32n; transmigration
Naṣr ibn Ạhmad 225
Naṣr ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ al-Balkhī 163n
Naṣr ibn Sayyār 294, 303n, 304n
naṣṣ xvi, xx, xxvi, 4n,12, 12n, 13, 13n, 14, 44, 114, 240, 241, 345
ahl al-naṣṣ 4n; designation xxvi, 115, 122, 345; designation of the hidden imām 123; naṣṣ imamates 11, 14
nāṭiq xxi, 15, 218, 239, 251, 252, 256, 264, 265, 289
Nawbakht 148
Nawbakhtī 6n, 7, 8, 8n, 9, 10n, 11, lln, 12, 13n, 14, 121, 127, 132n, 148
family xxviii, 110, 121, 126, 143, 149, 150, 150n, 176n, 250, 252, 258, 261, 264
al-Nawbakhtī, Abū Ibrāhīm Ja'far ibn Aḥmad 150n
al-Nawbakhtī, Abū Ja'far 'Abd Allāh ibn Ibrāhīm 150n
al-Nawbakhtī, Abū I-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn ibn Rawḥ xxviii, 75, 82, 82n, 121, 125, 126, 132n, 140, 141, 142, 142n, 143, 144, 148, 149, 150
al-Nawbakhtī, Abū Sahl Ismā'īl ibn 'Alī xxviii, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 132n, 142, 147, 149, 149n, 150, 151
Mu'tazilite sympathies of 122; origin of laqab Abū Sahl 128n
al-Nawbakhtī, Aḥmad ibn Ḥasan 148
al-Nawbakhtī, Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm 148n, 150n
al-Nawbakhtī, 'Alī ibn Aḥmad 144
al-Nawbakhtī, Ḥasan ibn Ja'far 149
al-Nawbakhtī, Ḥasan ibn Isḥāq ibn Ismā'īl 148
al-Nawbakhtī, al-Ḥasan ibn Mūsā xxix, 122, 142, 149, 149n, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 158n, 159, 159n, 160, 160n, 161, 162, 162n, 163, 164n, 176, 180, 181, 181n, 183, 196, 213, 214, 217, 236, 237, 238, 239, 242, 243, 243n, 249, 253
al-Nawbakhtī, al-Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī 143
aI~Nawbakhtī, Isḥāq ibn Ismā'īl 143, 148
al-Nawbakhtī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan 148
Nawbakhtīya quarter 144
Nawfal 92
Nawfal ibn al-Ḥārith ibn 'Abd ai-Muṭṭa!ib 93, 105
Nestorius 62n
Nihāwand 307n
niṣāb 104
al-Nīsābūrī, Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm (Muḥammad) 254n
Nīshāpūr 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, 129nn, 146
Nistar 288
Nizār 100
Nizārī Ismā'īlis xxxii, 7n, 246, 251
North Africa xxi, xxxiv, 252, 257, 262, 268, 269, 273, 274, 277, 281; see also Maghrib, Morocco
Nu'aym ibn Ḥammād 129
Nubāṭa ibn Ḥanẓala 318
prophecy 200, 201, 217, 280, 350; prophecy attributed to Abū Hāshim 198; prophethood 102, 103, 199; prophetic message 22; prophetic mission 206; prophetic power 206; prophetic status 78, 206; prophetic succession 199—200; prophetic system 217: prophetical autonomy 217; prophetology 21
Nūḥ see Noah
Nuktawīls 233
al-Nu'mān ibn Bashīr 99
al-Nu'mān ibn Ṣuhbān al-Rāsibī 104
Numayrīya 179
nūr
divine light inherited by the imāms 239; doctrine 6n; God as Light 177; light of 'Alī 35; light of Muḥammad 35, 36; light of prophecy 35; light of the esoteric aspect 35; light of the exoteric aspect 35; light of the imamate 35; light of the walāya 35
Nūr Allāh Shustarī 229, 230, 232
Nuṣayrīs 7, 10, 11, 74n, 157, 177n, 179, 246
occultation see ghayba
Old Testament 202
Oman 154
Orthodox Church 61
Oxus 246
pact see mīthāq
Paradise xvii, xx, 7, 8n, 25, 73, 86
parousia see ẓuhūr
see also St. Paul
Pellat, Ch. 88
Penitents see Tawwābūn
Pentecost 8
People of the Book see ahl al-kitāb
People of the House see ahl al-bayt
People of the Left see aṣḥāb al-shimāt
People of the Mantle see ahl al-kisā'
People of the Right seeaṣḥādb al-yamīn
Persia(ns) xix, xx, xxii, xxvii, 116, 126, 142n, 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 248, 252, 253, 261, 262, 264, 269, 274, 294, 313, 317
agents 118; aristocrat 123; arms 313; client 110; conquest 50n; converts 118; dialect of Avah 125; family 110; idolization xxiii; Imāmī 'ulamā' 118; influence 318; influences 313; Iraq 50n; Ismā'īlīs 262; mawālī 43, 118; mullahs xxiii; origin xxiii; peoples 312; population xxii; protests xxiii; royal house 126; saviour-king 125; school 9; sect xxiii; text xxxiin; traditionists 118; vizier 116
Peshyotan 117
pillars see arkān
prayer see ṣalāt
Prince of Martyrs see Husayn ibn 'Alī
Prince of the Believers 56, 81, 86
see also 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib
prophecy see nubuwuia
prophet see nabī
prophethood sec nubuwwa
qadamgāh 129n
gadar/qadarism 12, 68, 68n, 265, 338
ancestry 272
qāḍī 337, 338, 346, 347, 349, 350
al-Qāḍī al-Nu'mān 11n, 108, 108n, 214, 256, 260, 261
Qādiḥ as name of Imāms 260
al-qādiḥ zand al-hidāya tee Maymūn ibis Qaddāḥ
qā'im xxvii, xxviii, xxxiv, 10, 10n, 19, 22, 64, 66, 66n, 67, 67nn, 70, 70n, 76, 77, 79, 84, 111, 112, 114, 118, 123, 128nn, 129nn, 154, 155, 249, 251, 252, 255, 256, 262, 265, 274 apocalyptic 111, 112; Ibn al-Ḥanafīya as qā'im and Mahdī 111; identification as one of the House of Muḥammad 125; identified as Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh 154; Mahdī-Qā'im 274; Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl as qā'im 271; qā'im āl Muḥammad 111; al-qā'im bi-l-ḥaqq 111, 128n; al-qā'im bi-l-sayf 111; al-qā'im al-Mahdī 112, 113; resurrector 38; riser 249; tradition 128n
al-Qā'im bi-amr Allāh see Abū Qasim Muḥammad ibn 'Abd Allāh
Qalandars 7
Qanṭarat ai-Shawk 144
qarāba 104
Qarāmiṭa xxxii, xxxiv, 10n, 47, 122, 123, 143, 153, 154, 162, 163, 164, 179, 239, 249, 249n, 250, 251, 252, 253, 258, 261, 261n, 262, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 276n, 288 activities in Syria 154; circles 47n; leaders 261; power 47n; state xxi; tradition 284
Qārinids 222n
Qarmaṭūya 269
qaṣīda 11n, 209, 211n, 214, 215n, 216, 216n, 218
al-Qāsim (brother of Faḍl al-Aṣghar) 105n
al-Qāsim ibn Ibrāhīm al-Rassī see al-Rassī
al-Qāsim ibn Makhrama 94n
al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad ibn Ja'far ibn Abī Ṭālib 101
al-Qāsim ibn Yaqṭīn 119
al-Qasrī, Khālid ibn 'Abd Allāh 10, 196, 197
qāṣṣ ("storyteller") 58n
al-Qayrawān 281
Qays ibn Makhrama 94n
al-Qaysī see Abū Riyāsh al-Qaysī
al-Qazwīnī 233
Qubbat al-Ṣakhra (Dome of the Rock) 345, 346
Qudāma ibn Ja'far 222
qulūb ("hearts") 24
Qumm xxxviin, 58n, 113, 116, 117, 121, 122, 125, 130n, 142, 143, 147, 149n, 160
al-Qummī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Husayn ibn Dūl 69
al-Qummī, Sa'd ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Abī Khalaf xxviii, xxix, 46n, 64, 64n, 65nn, 153, 154, 155, 159, 159nn, 160, 161n, 162n, 163, 164, 164nn, 165, 165nn, 166, 166n, 167, 176, 180, 181, 181n, 183, 212, 213, 214, 236, 237, 238, 239, 242, 243, 243n, 249, 250, 252, 253, 258, 261, 264, 270
Qur'ān xvii, xxiii, xxiv, xxviii, xxviiin, xxxv, 8, 10n, 27, 34, 37, 45, 48, 50, 52, 53, 67n, 92, 94, 95, 96, 103, 106, 139, 157, 171, 172, 173, 173nn, 187, 200, 227, 230, 263, 303n, 337,
context 48, 66; creation of 204, 227, 337, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352; esoteric interpretation of 239; exegesis 201, 205; position regarding the two natures of Christ 50; recitation 58n; revelation 280; rulings 93; share of the dhawū I-qurbā 98; Sūral al-Kahf 286; tale 69n; text 9; verse 9, 47, 48, 49, 51, 62n, 170, 171, 189, 201
CITATIONS 2:65 58; 3:132 201, 169 62n, 73, 171 72; 4:71 172, 156 50, 157 47, 48, 48n, 158 49, 159 49, 157-59 51; 7:163-66 69, 172 27, 180 34; 8:41 93; 11:73 95, 96; 13:39 170; 14:24-25 37; 18:9 59, 74ff. 286; 19:15 67n, 33 67n; 21:108 303; 22:58 63n; 27:83 66n; 28:88 202; 33:33 95, 96, 32-33 95n, 72 9; 39:42 53; 40:11 70; 42:30 53, 54; 51:13 74; 55:26 202; 57:22-23 53; 79:12 71, 13-14 71; 82:8 189; 83:7-9 24, 18-21 24
Quraysh 17, 103, 104, 157, 158, 159n, 292, 293, 298, 322, 323, 326
al-Qurṭubī 151
quwwād 304n
Ra 203
rabb 6n
Rabbis 52n
Rabī'a 92
al-Rāḍī 120, 126, 142, 143, 143n
radīf 89
ghālī fī l-rajḍ 186
Rāfi' ibn Harthama 224
Rāfiḍa 88, 165n, 166, 186, 187, 349n
attitude 346; ghālī 185; imāms 349
raj'a xvi, 8, 9, 10n, 44, 45, 52, 63, 64, 65, 65n, 66n, 68, 68nn, 70nn, 71, 79, 179, 179nn, 180, 182, 182n, 183, 184, 185, 187, 189, 190, 205, 21 On
as part of Kaysānī beliefs 111; return 61, 179
rājiz 188
al-Raqīm 59
al-Raqqa 334
Rāshidūn see under caliph
raskh 32n
al-Rassī, al-Qāsim ibn Ibrāhīm xxxi, 6n, 13n, 226, 227, 228, 233, 243n, 344
full pedigree of 227n; madhhab of 229
al-Rāwandī 315
Rāwandīya 43, 157, 179, 314, 315
Rayy 58n, 118, 121,122, 123, 132n, 223n, 224, 228, 257, 268, 269, 277, 290
redresser see qā'im
reincarnation see tanāsukh, maskh, naskh, faskh, raskh
rejection see bara'a
religious scholars see 'ulamā'
Day of Resurrection 23, 32n, 48, 49, 66, 76, 86, 154; Resurrection before the hour 110
resurrector see qā'im
return see rujū ', raj'a, karra
Revealed God see Deus Revelatus
revelation see waḥy
al-riḍā min āl Muḥammad 90, 109, 110, 112, 117, 130n, 291ff, 340
designation of 'Alī ibn Mūsā 114; last "Riḍā" 113
rtjs 95
risāla 8
riser see qā'im
riwāya 186
rūḥ (pi. arwāh "spirit") 24, 70n, 76n, 314
Rukāna ibn 'Abd Yazīd 94n
Russian Church 62n
al-ru'ya bi-l-qalb 31 n
Rūyan 232
Saba'īya xviii, xviiin, xxix, 43, 166, 174, 175, 177, 180, 181, 181n, 187, 189, 190, 205
sabb al-salaf 189
Sabbābīya 8n,
Sabians 278
Sab'īya 250
ṣadaqa (pi. ṣadaqāt) 92, 93, 95, 98, 106, 108
al-Ṣādiq see Ja'far al-Ṣādiq
al-Ṣafadī 224
Safavid
dynasty xxii; era 41, 233, 234
al-Saftāḥ see Abū l-'Abbās al-Saffāḥ
al-Ṣaffār al-Qummī, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Parrūkh 24, 61n, 64, 65n
Safīd Rūd 231
safīr (pl, sufarā') xvi, xxvii, xxviii, 82nn, 125, 126, 139, 140, 141, 144, 145, 147, 148, 148n, 149, 150, 152
deputies 139, 140; envoy 140; intermediary 124, 125, 140, 145, 150; office of intermediary 141; 148: sijāra xxviii, 126, 139, 139n, 145, 146, 147, 148, 148n, 149, 150
Ṣafwān al-Anṣārī 209, 210, 210n, 211, 211n, 215, 215n, 216
ṣaḥāba ("Companions" of the Prophet Muḥammad) xvii, xx, 7, 8n, 18n, 20, 172, 186, 189, 190, 211, 212, 345
takjīr al-ṣaḥāba 346
ṣāḥib al-amr 150
ṣāḥib al-dār ("Lord of the House") 133n
ṣāḥib al-ḥaqq 255
ṣāḥib al-karrāt 66n
ṣāḥib al-nāqa see Abū I-Qāsim Yaḥyā ibn Zakarōye
ṣāḥib al-sayf 111
ṣāḥib al-zamān ("Lord of Time") 27, 124, 252
Sahl ibn Ziyād al-Ādamī 58n
Ṣā'id 9n
Sa'īd
as name of imā 259; as pseudonym of 'Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī 259
Sa'īd ibn Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad see 'Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī
Sa'īd ibn Baḥdal al-Khārijī 304n
Sa'īd ibn Musayyib 94
Sa'īd al-Khayr see Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad
Sa'īd al-Nawwā' 184
Sa'īdīva 179
ṣā'iḥa 127
St. Catherine of Alexandria Sin
St. John 7
St. Paul 7
saj' 170
al-Sājī 185
salaf 186
Salāma ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismā'īl al-Arzanī 137
Salamīya 253, 257, 260, 261, 262, 272, 273, 277, 280, 289
ṣalāt ("prayer") 7
Ṣāliḥ ibn Waṣīf 117
Sālim ibn Abī Ḥafṣa 186
Salm ibn Qutayba ibn Muslim 105, 216
Salm ibn Ziyād 303n
Salmān al-Fārisī 4, 31, 31n, 324, 325
al-Ṣalt ibn Makhrama ibn al-Muṭṭalib 94n
amīrs 224, 269; army 225; ruler 225; state 269
Samaritanism 52n
Sāmarrā' 117, 118, 120, 135, 136, 141
al-Samurī/al-Samirī see 'Alī ibn Muḥammad al-Samurī/al-Samirī
Ṣan'ā' 288
Ṣaqīl see Ṣayqal
Sarah 96
al-Sarī ibn Aqṣam 166
Sarw Yāfi' 278
Sassanid(s) 203
Satan 125
Saviour 27
Sawād 75, 81, 132n, 154, 252, 268, 270, 278, 279, 288
Sayf ibn Muṣ'ab al-'Abdī see Sufyān ibn Muṣ'ab al-*Abdī
al-Sayyid ai-Ḥimyaī 11n, 87, 111, 128n, 131n, 181, 188, 189
al-Sayyid al-Murtaḍā see al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā
Scripture 53
Seth 26
Seveners see Sab'īya
Severians 50
Severus 50nn
shabah (pi. ashbāh, "resemblance") 43, 73, 71n, 75, 77, 81, 85
shades see ẓill
Shādhān ibn al-Khalīl 116
shadow see ẓill
Shahjīl ibn Rustam 232
al-Shahrastānī 4n, 182, 182n, 183, 201, 204, 205, 217, 242, 306n
al-Shalmaghānī, 'Alī ibn Muḥammad 10, 125, 126, 132n, 143, 143n
claims to be the gate of the hidden imām 125, 127
al-Sharā 199n
Shāri' Bāb al-Kūfa 141
Shari' al-Maydān 141
sharī'a (Islamic religious law) 13, 251, 263, 265, 276
sharīf ("notable", esp. someone claiming descent from the Prophet) 256
al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā, 'Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn 70n, 132 n, 138, 139
Sharīf of Mecca 6
Sharon, M. xxxvi, 88, 91, 206n
Shaṭṭ al-Ḥilla 288
shayāṭin ("demons") 23
Shaybat al-Ḥamd see 'Abd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim
shaykh 279
Shaykh Bahā'ī 233
Shaykh al-Ḥimyarī 148
al-Shaykh al-Mufīd, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Nu'mān 73, 74, 114, 138, 139
Shaykh of the Qummīs see 'Abd Allāh ibn Ja'far al-Ḥimyarī al-Qummī
al-Shaykhān/al-Shaykhayn ("the two elders", i.e. the first two caliphs, Abū Bakr and 'Umar), cursing of 4, 8, 12n
Shem 26
Shem ha-mephorash 203
shī'at 'Alī ("the faction of 'Alī") xv, 174
shī'at 'Uthmān ("the faction of 'Uthmān") xv
Shumayṭīya 241
shūrā (the consultative committee charged with selecting a new caliph after the assassination of 'Umar) xxxvi, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 304nn, 306nn
sifāra see safīr
Sijilmāsa 280
al-Sijistānī, Abū Ya'qīb xxxiv, 242, 275, 290
Sijjīnian element 28
Silent Imām set imām
Sīn 10
Sinai, Mt. 62n
Sinope 202
sirr ("secret") 30
sitting see qu'ūd
Solomon 26
souls see rūḥ
Speaking Imām see Imām
Stern, Samuel M. xxxiii, 236, 278
Stoic influences xxvn
stranglers see khunnāq, khannāqūn
Strothmann, R. xxx, xxxi, 4, 96, 226, 227
Sudayf 310
sujarā see safīr
extremism 7; orders 6; theosophy 10n; tradition 48n
Sufyān ibn Abī Layl 188
Sufyān/Sayf ibn Muṣ'ab al-'Abdī 183n
the awaited 6n
Sufyānids 351; see also Mu'āwiya
Sulaymān ibn 'Abd Allāh 58n, 223, 223nn, 224
Sulaymān ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn al' 'Abbās 102
Sulaymān ibn Ḥabīb ibn al-Muhallab 302, 307nn
al-Ṣu'lūk 225
sunna (pl. sunan, customary accepted usage, esp. of the Prophet or Imams) xxiv, xxxv, 128n, 157, 291, 293, 294, 342, 343, 348n
current practice 348; Prophetic Sunna xxiv; way 323
Sunnī(s) xv, xvii, xxiv, xxvii, xxxvii, 5n, 7, 20, 107, 122, 156, 182, 183, 186, 189, 190, 211, 221, 231, 232, 243, 278, 340, 341, 342, 345, 347, 350, 352, 353
authority 224; authors xxv, 187; biographers 213; caliphs 249; communal spirit 250; conceptions 337; doctrine 108; ḥadīth collections 94; Islam xv, xxi, xxii, 184, 237; jurists 130n; muḥaddithūn 185; Muslim 204; pamphleteers 253; population 232; principle 352; procedure 340; rāwiya 188; rulers 353; sources xxvii, xxxii; standards 185; theologians 130n; thinkers 70n; tradition 13; traditionalists 345; viewpoint 184; work 165; works 164, 166; world xvii; writers xxix, 189; writings 257
Sūq al-'Aṭṭārīn 144n
Sūrat al-Kahf 286
Syria 154, 202, 252, 258, 272, 279
border xviii; dynasty 195, 206; Ismā'īlī 244n; Umayyads 11, 12
Syro-Mesopotamian monasticism 51
al-Ṭabarī xxiv, xxv, 13, 47, 53n, 96, 105, 143, 169, 170, 197, 226, 229, 231n, 258, 344, 350
Ṭabaristān xxx, 117, 118, 130n, 221, 222, 223, 223n, 224, 224nn, 225, 226, 226n, 227, 228, 229, 232, 233, 234, 257, 347
tabarru' 18n
tafḍīt 'Alī see 'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib
al-Ṭaff 100
Tafwīḍīya 28n
taḥarruq 187
al-Ṭāhir 346
government 223; ruler of Khurāsān 116
tajallī 34n
takbīr 347, 347n, 348, 350, 352
takfīr al-ṣaḥāba see ṣaḥāba
Ṭalḥa ibn al-Zubayr 4, 186, 187
Ṭālibid(s) 3n, 13, 44, 101, 106, 109, 110
Mahdī anti-caliph 113
Tamīm al-Qurashī 81
tanāsukh ("metempsychosis") xix, xxix, 6n, 9, 10n, 68, 69, 178, 182n, 183, 189, 190, 210n, 217, 314
tanzīt 21
taqītya ("dissimulation") 8, 14, 31, 31n, 255, 291
tashayyu' (sympathy for the Shī'a) 344 qabīḥ 188
tashbīh ("anthropomorphism") 34n, 183, 184, 190, 350
taslīm 347
ta'ṭīl 34n
tawallī 18n
al-tawḥīd wa-l-'adl 228
ta'wīt xxi, 9n, 21, 49n, 239, 263
Ṭayyāra 183
al-ṭayyāra al-ghāliya 183n
ta'zīye 77
Tāzrūt 288
Tehran 41n
Temple of Jerusalem 60nn
al-Thā'ir fī Allāh see Abū I-Faḍi Ja'far ibn Muḥammad
theory of opposites see ḍidd
Thumāma ibn al-Ashras 337, 339, 348n, 350
al-Ṭihrānī Āghā Buzurg see Āghā Buzurg al-Ṭihrānī
ṭīna ("clay") 24
transmigration see tanāaukh
Transoxania 252, 262, 266, 275, 304n
trustee see mustawda', wakīt
Tukhla-Miswar 288
Turks
praetorian slaves 117; praetorians 329; slave guards 117
Ṭūs 114
al-Ṭūsī, Abu Ja'far Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 147, 148, 150, 152, 183n, 185n, 186
Twelfth Imām xviii, xxvi, xxviii, xxviii, xxxiii, xxiv, 3, 27, 46n, 64, 72, 75, 82nn, 136, 139, 140, 145, 146, 146n, 148–49, 151, 180, 261, 285, 287
Twelver Shī'a see Imāmī(s)
'Ubayd Allāh ibn Ziyād 104
'Ubayd Allāh al-Mahdī, Sa'īd ibn al-Ḥusayn xxxiv, xxxv, 155, 242n, 249, 250, 251, 253, 253n, 254nn, 255, 255n, 257, 258, 259, 262, 265, 273, 274, 277, 280, 289
ancestry of 255; claim to be 'Alī ibn Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn ja'far al-Ṣādiq 255; names of 254, 273; Sa'īd as pseudonym of 249
'Ubayda ibn al-Ḥārith ibn al-Muṭṭalib 94n
Ujayr ibn 'Abd Yazīd ibn Hāshim ibn al-Muṭṭalib 94n
'ulamā' xxvii, xxviii, 114, 115, 116
*Ulbā'īya 166
ulū l-'azm 251
'Umar (II) ibn 'Abd al-'Azīz 99, 311, 331nn
'Umar ibn Ḥafṣ al-'Atakī 307n
Umar ibn Hubayra 216
'Umar (I) ibn al-Khaṭṭāb xv, xxx, 9, 25n, 52n, 85n, 86, 88, 98, 98n, 186, 187, 190, 211, 212, 214, 222, 292, 304n, 345, 346
'Umar ibn Riyāḥ 14
'Umar ibn Sa'd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ 170n
Umayyad(s) xviii, xix, 4, 5, 5n, 11, 12, 20, 33, 43, 55, 57, 59, 89, 99, 101, 105, 110, 113, 176, 196, 197, 206, 222,304n, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 318, 325, 326, 326, 327, 334, 345, 346, 348, 351, 352
age 87, 99; anti-Umayyad 87; anti-Umayyad revolt xx; anti-Umayyad sentiments 315; Arabism 5; army xvi, 105; authorities 315, 318; body politic 207; caliph xix; caliphate 99; caliphs 311, 334, 345, 351; cause 101; court poetry 306n; descendants 324; dynasts 322; dynasty xv, 42, 195, 310; era 215; family 195; forces 318; forebearers 325; forebearers 327; government 207; governor of Baṣra 104; governor of Iraq 196, 197; governor of Kūfa 53; governors 216; house 310; interregnum 320; Iraq 195; period xxiv, 206, 202, 298, 336; predecessors 309; regime 316; representative in Medina 101; rule xvi, 206, 311, 318; ruler 310; sovereign 310; standing armies 318; state 313; times 237; troops 217; tyrants 237; usurpers 311
Umm Abīha 102
Umm 'Amr 211
Umm al-Faḍl 348
Umm Kulthūm 101, 121, 124, 125, 126, 148, 148n,150n
al-Usfān 62
al-'Uṣfurī see 'Abbād ibn Ya'qūb al-'Uṣfurī
uṣūl see aṣl
al-uṣūi at-arba'umi'a 118
'Uthmān ibn 'Affān xv, 4, 4n, 8, 33, 60, 60n, 94, 103, 186, 190, 211, 212, 306n, 345, 349n
'Uthmān ibn Sa'īd al-'Amrī see al-'Amrī
party 60n
al-Uṭrūsh see al-Ḥasan ibn 'Alī al-Nāṣir ilā I-Ḥaqq al-Uṭrūsh
Vahram 117
Venus 203
Vishlasp 117
Wādī I-Qurā 94
Wahsūdān ibn 'Alī 274
waḥy xvii
wakīl (pi. wukalā"representative") 46n, 112, 116, 124, 140, 145, 146, 149, 150
walāya xvi, 18n, 19n, 20, 21, 22, 29n, 32, 35, 36, 37, 37nn, 69
walī (pl. aurliyā') 21
walī al-imām 343
al-Walīd I 345
Walīd II 11, 105, 109, 295, 301, 306n
walīja 30n
waqf 8
Wāqifa 242
Wāqifī(s) 112, 123, 124, 128n, 129n, 132n, 136, 136nn, 152, 249
figure 135; splinter groups 130n; tendency 72
wārith 'ilm al-anbiyā' 4n
al-Warrāq, Abū 'Īsā Muḥammad ibn Hārūn 163, 163n, 164, 164n, 166, 166nn, 176, 176n
waṣī (pl. awṣiyā', "legatee") 4n, 5, 8, 32n, 79, 99, 112, 218, 263, 264, 289, 305
waṣī al-awṣiyā 4n
Wāṣil ibn 'Aṭā' 209, 209nn, 216, 228, 336, 337 kunya of Abū Ḥudhayfa 209n
Wellhausen, Julius xxiii, xxxv, 5n, 87, 306n, 313
yad ("hand") 289
Yaḥyā ibn 'Abd Allāh ibn Ḥasan 222, 334, 335
Yaḥyā ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Qūmisī 228
Yaḥyā ibn Abī 'īsā 171
Yaḥyā ibn Abī I-Shumayṭ 241
Yaḥyā ibn Sufyān al-Fasawī 185
Yaḥyā ibn Zakarīyā' 60n
Yaman see Yemen
Yamanīya 294
Yaqṭīn
family 110; meaning of name 127n
Yaqṭīn ibn Mūsā 110
called yak dīn by Abū Muslim 110
Ya'qūb ibn al-Faḍl ibn 'Abd al-Raḥmān 106
yawm al-karra 66
Yazīd III 209n
Yazīd ibn Ḥātim 307n
Yazīd (I) ibn Mu'āwiya 53, 53nn, 54, 55, 57, 101, 102, 104, 213, 292
Yazīd ibn Muhallab 293
Yazīd ibn Shurāḥīl al-Anṣārī 170, 170n
Yemen xix, xxxi, xxxii, 50n, 113, 146, 154, 229, 231, 231n, 233, 235, 236, 242, 252, 255, 257, 261, 268, 270, 271, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 283, 285, 286, 287, 288 Ismā'īlīs 259; Shī'ī 283
Yudāsaf 139
Yūnus ibri 'Abel al-Raḥmān 116, 130n, 159n, 161, 163, 164nn, 167, 176, 176n, 177
Yūnus ibn Bahman 116
Yūnus ibn Ẓibyān 183n
Yūsuf ibn 'Umar al-Thaqafī 215, 306n
ẓaharat al-da'wa 287
ẓāhir xxi, 19n, 20, 20n, 21, 34, 263, 264
Ẓāhirī
heresiographer 182; school of law 124
Zakarīyā' 279n
zandaqa 349
Zanj 117
Zayd ibn 'Alī xix, xx, xxxi, 3, 3n, 5, 11, 12n, 44, 88, 89, 90, 105, 108n, 158, 217, 228, 228n, 336
revolt of xix
Zayd ibn Arqam 59
Zayd ibn Ḥāritha 97
Zayd ibn Mūsā, "Zayd al-nār" 113, 129n
Zayd al-nār see Zayd ibn Mūsā
Zaydī(s) xix, xx, xxivn, xxx, xxxi, 3, 3n, 5n, 6, 11, 11n, 12, 12n, 13, 13n, 14, 108, 112, 114, 117, 118, 129n, 158, 160, 162, 169, 176, 181, 182, 186, 190, 212, 213, 214, 217, 221nn, 226, 227, 227n, 229, 230, 232, 233, 234, 243nn, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 352
circles of al-Kūfa 88; claims to the Imamate 78; commentators 230; conceptions 340; creed 230, 230n, 231, 234; dā'īs 225; doctrine xxix, 6n, 353; doctrine of the Imamate 164; fiqh 226, 229, 230, 232; groups xxx; history xxx; ideas 341; Imamate in Yemen xxxi; Imāms xx, 3, 227, 233; inspiration 342; Jārūdīs 158; jurisprudence xxix, 230, 233; leaning oppositions 336; legal authority lln; madhhab 227, 232, 233; manuscripts xxxii; participation in 'Alīd rebellions 112; pretenders 343; rebellion in Ṭabaristān 117; religious works 230; sect 6n, 164n, 230; Shī'ī amīrate 224n; Shī'ism 221, 227, 228, 230, 232, 233, 234; state xxx, 233, 335; support of uprisings of al-Nafs al-Zakīya and Ibrāhīm al-Hādī 111; tenets xxxvii; texts xxxii; theology 228n, 233; thought xxx, 228; tradition xxxi; views 339; view of the Imāms xx; Zaydī-Jārūdī 232
Zayn al-'Ābidīn see 'Alī ibn Ḥusayn
Zaynab 100
zinā ("adultery") 347
Ziyād ibn Abī al-Ḥalāl 61n
ziyāra (pl. ziyārāt, "visitation", esp. to the graves of holy men) 72n, 283
Zoroaster 123
astrologer 110; beliefs 117; fire temple 130n; late Zoroastrian chiliastic oracles 125; mōbeds xxiii; political oracle 132n; quasi-Zoroastrian beliefs 123;
al-Zubayr ibn Bakkār 188
Zubayrids 172n
zuhd 345
Zurāra ibn A'yan 65n
Zurqān 159