Index

Page numbers refer to the print edition.

AARP, 241

Abram, Adam, 135, 145

Abram, Ann, 18, 50, 57, 135, 137, 145, 198, 235

Abram, Carlyn Feldman Fisher, 36, 140, 141, 168, 222

Abram, Cecily, 18

Abram, Irene Cohen, 16, 17, 19

Abram, Jane Maguire, 18, 36–37, 38, 40–41, 44, 50, 61, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 145

Abram, Jeanette. See Bernstein, Jeanette Abram (sister)

Abram, Joshua, 9, 135, 136, 137, 139, 145, 235

Abram, Lewis, 18, 25

Abram, Morris Berthold: affirmative action and, 177–98, 238–39; “Americus Four” Case, 97–100; ancestry, 13–16, 19; argument before Federal Court in Sanders v. Gray, 1–2, 71–72; argument before Supreme Court in Gray v. Sanders, 74–77; battle with leukemia, 5, 7, 132, 153–56; birth in Fitzgerald, 16; campaign for the House of Representatives, 1954, 49–53; candidacy for U.S. Senate, 1970, 147; Carter Administration and, 171–75; chairman of Commission on Biomedical Ethics, 160–62; chairman of Conference of Presidents, 8, 199, 209–15, 292, 295; chairman of UN Watch, 225–32, 244; childhood, 11, 18–25; county unit system and, 1–2, 3, 52, 75, 77–86, 87–92; death in Geneva, 234; Emory 1972 Commencement Address, 145, 165–67, 177, 239–40; Field Foundation and, 80, 81, 91–2, 175–76; funeral of, 235; general counsel of the Peace Corps, 59–60, 81; head of Ad Hoc Group on the UN, 217–19; head of Atlanta Citizens Crime Commission, 53, 100–101; Jewish identity, 5–6, 28, 29, 32–33, 56, 91, 94–95, 242–43; Jimmy Carter and, 100, 167–68, 169–72, 174–75; leukemia treatment of, 168–69, 184–88; marriage to Bruna Molina, 222, 234; marriage to Carlyn Fisher, 140–41; marriage to Jane Maguire, 36–37, 135, 140; Martin Luther King, Jr. and, 4, 57–59, 109–10, 173; Martin Luther King, Sr. and, 58, 59, 184; memorial service in Geneva for, 236, 238; military service, 36–37; Moreland Commission investigation and, 156–60; Nuremburg War Crimes Trials and, 38–41; partner at Paul, Weiss, 8, 81–82, 97–98, 148–54, 186; partner at Heyman, Abram, and Young, 46–48, 55; political beliefs of, 166–67, 174, 239–42; presidency of Brandeis, 7, 116–33; presidency of American Jewish Committee, 4, 83, 87–91, 92–93, 110; presidential campaign of 1972 and, 167; presidential campaign of 1976 and, 168–71; pro-Israel advocacy, 108–9, 213–15, 289–90; pursuit of electoral office, 6–7, 49–53, 111–12, 147; racial preference issue and, 11, 177–82, 188–89, 193, 195–97; reflections on UN role in promoting human rights, 272–74, 223–24; relationship with his children, 135–36, 145; Soviet Jewry issue and, 199–208; student at the University of Chicago Law School, 31–34, 40; student at the University of Georgia, 27–31; U.S. Ambassador to the UN in Europe and, 219–22, 228; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, and, 183–93, 198; U.S. Representative to UN Human Rights Commission, 86–87; Vatican and, 87–90; White House Conference on Civil Rights and, 101–6; Zionism and, 29, 34, 48

Abram, Morris, Jr., 7–8, 50, 135, 136, 145, 165

Abram, Ruth, 5, 17, 38, 50, 56, 79, 121–22, 130, 135, 137, 138, 145, 217, 239, 242

Abram, Ruthann. See Reis, Ruthann Abram

Abram, Sam, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 31, 82

Abrams, Elliott, 262n36

ACLU, 187

Aelony, Zev, 98

affirmative action, 190, 191, 239

AFL-CIO, 187

Ahlmark, Per, 226

Aid to Dependent Children, 104

AIPAC, 214

Ajami, Fouad, 213

Akiva, Rabbi, 94

Alexander, Miles, 34, 46, 51–52, 89

Allen, Ivan, Jr., 100–101

Allen, Ralph, 98

Allen, Richard, 241, 262n36

American Bar Association, 84, 97, 211–13

American Civil Liberties Union, 33, 51

American Federation of Teachers (AFT), 183, 184–85

American Jewish Committee, 4, 8, 55, 82, 83, 84, 91, 92, 93, 110–12, 115, 132, 201, 202, 213; Akiva Award, 94; American Liberties award by, 238; Atlanta chapter of the, 34; Blaustein Institute, 231–32; Catholic Church and, 87–90; discrimination against Jews in banking, 35–36; Distinguished Leadership Award, 233; Six-Day War and, 90; UN Watch and, 232; Zionism is Racism resolution and, 232

American Jewish Conference on Soviet Jewry, 201, 202

American Jewish Congress, 213

American Jewish Service Committee on Civilian Relief in Vietnam, 112

“Americus Four” case, 98–100

Annan, Kofi, 233–34

Anti-Defamation League, 3, 54, 55–56, 187, 209, 213, 233

antisemitism, 24–25, 51; black-Jewish relations and, 108–11, 112–13; Carter Administration and, 173–74; Catholic Church and, 47–90; Soviet, 101–4, 246; Zionism and, 109

Anti-treason Act (Georgia), 98

Arnall, Ellis, 45

Asher, Robert, 214

Association of Soviet Lawyers, 211–13

Atlanta Citizens Crime Commission, 53

Atlanta Urban League, 45

Auletta, Ken, 158

Avram, Anna Zalman, 14

Avram, Moshe, 14

Aydelotte, Frank, 38

Bahat, Shulamit, 202

Bailey, Randy, 122

Baker, James, 217

Baker v. Carr, 70, 71, 73, 75

Bakke, Allan, 177

Bakke case, 177–78, 182

Baldy, 74

Ball, George, 213

Baxter, Harry, 34

Bayme, Steven, 89, 90, 93, 94, 95

Beame, Abraham, 160

Begin, Menachem, 94

Begun, Joseph, 94, 200

Bell, Griffin, 1, 2, 72

Bergman, Bernard, 157, 159–60

Berle, Adolph, 80

Bernhard, Berl, 102

Bernstein, Jeanette Abram (sister), 20, 36

Berry, Mary Francis, 189, 192

Bickel, Alexander, 196–97

Biden, Joseph, 185

Bitburg, Germany, 208–9

Black, Hugo, 43, 61, 66, 68, 69, 72, 73

black-Jewish conflict, 173

Black Power movement, 105, 108–9

Blaustein, Jacob, 86, 89

Block, Eric, 40, 224, 230, 235, 244

Blumberg, Janice Rothschild, 20, 33

Blumenthal, Albert, 160

Bob Jones University, 186

Bolton, John, 220

Bond, Julian, 188

Brandeis University, 3, 7, 8, 156, 165, 236, 237, 251; Afro-American society at, 118; Black Studies at, 119, 123, 124, 126; financial situation of, 118, 130, 132; Ford Hall takeover and Occupation of, 119–27; founding and role of Abram Sachar, 115; response to King assassination, 117, 119, 123; Transitional Year Program at, 120, 125, 126

Breger, Marshall, 183–84

Brennan, William, 69, 76

Brest, Paul, 197

Bronfman, Edgar, 207, 222, 226, 231

Brown, Ed, 137–38

Brown v. Board of Education, 49, 52, 102, 179

Buckley, William F., 60–61, 77, 124, 128, 177

Bunche, Ralph, 92

Bunzel, John, 9, 187, 190

Burke, Edmund, 224

Busbee, George, 72

Bush, George H. W., 4, 200, 215, 217, 220

Califano, Joseph, 161

Cardozo Law School, 245

Carey, Hugh, 156

Carmen, Gerald, 219

Carmichael, James, 64

Carmichael, Stokely, 107

Carter, Billy, 174

Carter, Hodding, 23

Carter, Jimmy, 3, 22, 55, 100, 161, 167–75

Carter, Roslyn, 168

Carter Administration, 183, 185

Case, Clifford, 92

Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, 152

CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite, 119

Center for Defense Information, 175

Center for National Security Studies, 175

Century Foundation. See Twentieth Century Fund

Chavez, Linda, 183, 184, 189, 190

Civil Rights Act of 1957, 68–69, 182

Civil Rights Act of 1964, 9, 72, 84, 100, 101, 175, 186; Title VII, 152, 181

civil rights movement, 6, 9, 102–5, 107–8, 218, 237; black-Jewish tension within, 108–10

Civil Service Commission, PACE examination, 181–82

Clark, Ramsey, 81, 148

Clay, Lucius, 39

Cleveland, Gus, 28, 34

Cohen, Benjamin, 80

Cohen, Daisy, 16

Cohen, Jacob, 119, 120–21, 125, 132, 147, 237–38

Cohen, Jonathan, 225–26, 230–31, 232, 243

Cohen, Morris, 16

Cohen, Naomi, 94

Cohen, Sarah, 16

Cohen, Wilbur, 116

Coleman, William, 102, 106

Colson, Michael, 139–40, 142, 235, 227–30

Commentary, 178, 238, 249

Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 174, 220

Committee for the Marshall Plan, 43

comparable worth issue, 190–91

Conable, Barber, 217

Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, 8, 199, 200, 203, 205, 209, 212, 217, 240, 243

Congregation B’nai Jehudah, 14

Congregation Temple Beth El, 14

Congressional Black Caucus, 172

Congressional Caucus for Women, 191

Congress of Industrial Organizations, 98

Congress of Racial Equality, 98, 102, 104, 121

Costykian, Edward, 175

Cotler, Irwin, 225

county unit system, 1, 4, 23, 30; Citizens Against the County Unit Amendment, 48; congressional districts and, 51; defeat of proposed constitutional amendments on, 76; Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause and, 64, 73, 77; impact of federal Court decision in Sanders v. Gray, 72; Neill Primary Act, 63; racial discrimination and, 66, 68, 76; relationship with reapportionment issue, 64–65, 70–71, 75; Supreme Court dissents in cases rejected by the majority, 66, 68, 69; Talmadge coalition support for, 64, 71; use in selecting congressional candidates, 63–64

Covenant of the League of Nations, 223

Cox, Archibald, 59, 72, 73, 74, 76–77

Cox v. Peters, 67–68

Cravath, Swain and Moore, 152–53

Cushing, Cardinal Richard, 90

Daedalus, 130

Dakota Apartment Building, 137

D’Amato, Alfonse, 184

Davis, James, 49, 50, 51–52, 64, 65, 67, 72

DeFunis v. Odegaard, 196

Democratic National Convention of 1964, 108

Democratic Party, 167, 224

Denniston, Lyle, 149

Dershowitz, Alan, 8, 152–53, 211–12

Destro, Robert, 151–53, 183, 186, 190

Dole, Robert, 217

Dorminey, Elijah, 23, 170

Douglas, Frederick, 196

Douglas, Hamilton, III, 65

Douglas, William, 66, 68, 69, 73, 77, 148, 196

Dunbar, Leslie, 107, 175

Ebeneezer Baptist Church, 59

Eisenhower, Dwight, 39, 69

Electoral College, 75, 77

Elson, Harry, 56

Eppstein, Elias, 14, 15, 16, 24

Epstein, Joseph, 240

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 221

Evans, Eli, 5, 6, 19, 20, 24, 34, 47, 52, 56, 140, 149, 151, 239

“Extremism in America Today” (TV interview), 92

Fair Housing Act of 1968, 194

Farmer, James, 102, 104

Fellman, Gordon, 122, 127

Fenton, John, 123

Ferris, Bruce, 73

Field, Marshall, III, 91

Field, Ruth, 92

Field Foundation, 80, 81, 91, 107, 175, 176

Finch, Atticus, 44

Fish, Hamilton, 136–38, 140

Fitzgerald, Georgia, 4, 49, 200, 236, 242, 245; Carnegie Free Library of, 21; and the Fitzgerald Herald, 20; Hebrew Commercial Alliance, 20; history of, 11–13; Jews of, 13, 19–21; and the Leader, Enterprise, and Press, 20–21; liberalism of, 23

Fitzgerald, Phylander, 12

Fleming, Harold, 65

Florida State College for Women, 37

Ford, Gerald, 171, 172

Ford Foundation, 112

Foreign Policy, 144, 227

Farmer, James, 102, 104

Forman, Deborah, 141–42

Forman, James, 109

The Founding Myths of Modern Israel (Garaudy), 230

Fourteenth Amendment, 239; equal protection clause, 29, 196–97. See also county unit system

Foxman, Abraham, 209

Frank, Leo, 24, 51

Frankfurter, Felix, 64–65, 73, 75

Franklin v. Harper, 45

Freedom House, 225

Freund, Paul, 252n63

Friedman, Murray, 113

Fuchs, Lawrence, 123

Fullilove v. Klutznick, 178, 182

Gaer, Felice, 231–32

Gaon, Nessim, 227

Garaudy, Roger, 230

Garrison, Lloyd, 81, 92, 116

Gaywood, Hannah, 228, 229, 232

Gelders, Isadore, 20–21, 242

Geneva Summit, 259

George, Walter, 50

Georgia Bar (journal), 67

Gitter, Joe, 28

Gitter, Max, 150, 171, 215, 222

Gitter, Naomi, 28

Glazer, Nathan, 197

Gloster, Hugh, 128

Goldberg, Arthur, 81, 91, 116, 147–48, 186, 202, 226

Goldenberg, Isadore, 13

Goodell, Charles, 132, 147

Goodhardt, Arthur Lehman, 38, 39

Goodman, Jerry, 203–4, 206, 214

Goodwin, George, 241

Goodwin, Richard, 104

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 199, 201, 205, 207, 208

Gray v. Sanders, 52; oral argument in, 74–77

Greater New York Conference on Soviet Jewry, 203

Greenberg, Jack, 102

Greenfield, Meg, 217

Gupte, Pranay, 156

Haas, Leonard, 33

Hamilton, Grace Towns, 45, 46, 49, 162, 186

Harris, David, 83, 87, 164–65, 208, 224, 232, 236

Harris, Don, 98

Hartsfield, William, 2, 52, 53, 57–58, 69, 70–71, 92

Hartsfield v. Sloan, 69, 70, 71

Harvard Law School, 32

Hausman, Samuel, 157, 159

Height, Dorothy, 102

Heineman, Ben, 106

Helsinki Accords, 206, 212

Hesburgh, Theodore, 102

Heyman, Abram and Young, 46, 56

Heyman, Arthur, 44

Heyman, Herman, 44, 46, 47, 53, 56

Hicks, Robert, 4, 7, 44, 56, 80, 132, 139, 153–54, 235, 268n31

Hoenlein, Malcolm, 203, 210–11, 214

Holbrooke, Richard, 234

Holland, James, 155

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 236, 242

Hooks, Benjamin, 188

Howell, Hugh, 43, 55

Howell and Post law firm, 41

Humphrey, Hubert, 102, 132, 155, 167, 185

Institute for Policy Studies, 104, 175

Israel, 5, 6, 88, 90–91, 95, 109–10, 173, 175; Bar Association of, 212; Lavi fighter jet in, 215; in Six-Day War, 109, 139, 164, 213; Liaison Bureau (for Soviet Jewry) and, 202

Israeli Students Organization, 203

Ivanov, Boris, 85

Jabotinsky Foundation, 94

Jackson, Henry, 9, 94, 155, 168–69, 185

Jackson, Robert, 4, 38, 39, 40

Jackson-Vanik Amendment, 169

Jacobson, Eddie, 14

Javits, Jacob, 111–12, 201

Jefferson Medical School, 16

Jewish Defense League (JDL), 93

Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, 112

Jewish Theological Seminary, 245

Jews Without Embellishment (Kichko), 85

Johnson, Jeh, 3–4, 139, 149

Johnson, Lyndon, 80, 86, 97, 101–5, 107, 168, 170; Howard University Address, 101, 104–5

Johnson, Paul, 240

Jones, Charles Baxter, 49, 67

Jordan, Vernon, 147, 163–64, 171, 192, 245

Judaism: Reconstructionist Movement, 33; Zionism and, 29

Kahane, Meir, 93

Kander, Harold, 16

Kander, John, 16

Kander, Mathilda, 15–16

Kaplan, Mordecai, 33

Keller, Morton, 126–27

Kennedy, Edward, 74, 174

Kennedy, Ethel, 74

Kennedy, Jaqueline, 74

Kennedy, John F., 4, 32, 55, 56, 58, 59, 81, 84, 97, 100, 180, 185

Kennedy, Joseph, Jr., 32

Kennedy, Robert F., 58, 59, 73, 74, 76–77, 92, 97, 102, 112, 149, 201

Kessler, Fritz, 32

Keyserling, Billy, 136–37, 209

Kichko, Trofim, 85, 86

Kilgo v. Bowman, 191

King, Coretta Scott, 58, 117, 237

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 4, 57, 58, 59, 101, 102, 109–10, 133, 188, 172, 173, 236, 237, 238

King, Martin Luther, Sr., 58, 59, 184

Kirbo, Charles, 171

Kirkland, Lane, 226

Kirkpatrick, Jean, 225, 227

Kishniev pogrom, 14, 82

Kraft, Tim, 161

Krasner, Jonathan, 128

Ku Klux Klan, 4, 6, 23, 35, 49, 54, 188

LaFollette, Bronson, 102

Lance, Bert, 174

Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, 97, 180–82

Lazarus, Maurice, 161

Lazin, Fred, 206

Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, 221, 227

League of Women Voters, 48, 187

Lefkoff, Joseph, 53, 54, 55, 74, 138–39, 160

Lefkowitz, Louis, 160

Lerner, Barron, 156

Leverett, E. Freeman, 74–75

Levi, Edward, 40, 116, 128

Levin, Mark, 143, 204–5

Levitas, Elliott, 51

Lewis, C. S., 243

Lewis, John, 102, 107, 200, 245

Lilienthal, David, 80

Lindsey, John, 112, 116, 158, 160

“Living with Leukemia” (Abram), 161

Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 219

Lowenstein, Allard, 108

Lucido v. Cravath, Swain, and Moore, 193

Lucido, John, 152–53

Maguire, Raymer, 37

Maguire, Ruth McCollough, 37

Maine, Sir Henry, 179

Malcolm X, 108–9, 112, 119–20

Maloof, Ted, 3, 46, 47, 48, 55, 56, 81

Mankin, Helen Douglas, 63, 64, 65–66

Marshall, Burke, 73, 74

Marshall, Thurgood, 188

Martinson, Ian, 222

Mazowiecki, Tadeusz, 222

McCarthy, Joseph, 60

McCloy, John J., 39

McGill, Ralph, 52

McGovern, George, 167

McGowan, Carl, 252n63

Mendelevich, Yosef, 200

Metropolitan Museum of Art, 113

Metzenbaum, Howard, 185

Miller, Arnie, 161

Millette, Ricardo, 121

Mitchell, George, 217

Mitchell, Stephens, 51

Molina, Bruna, 8, 139, 142, 222, 226, 229, 232, 234, 243, 245

Moment, 212

Moose, George, 236, 238

Morehouse College (University), 128, 245

Moreland Commission investigation, 156–60

Morgan, Charles, Jr., 187

Moses, Alfred, 132, 187, 232, 236

Mount Sinai Hospital, 154, 161, 232

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 103–5, 184, 238

Moynihan Report, 103–5, 176

Mt. Sinai Hospital, 154, 155, 161

Murphy, B. D., 74

Musial, Stanislaw, 226

Muskie, Edmund, 167, 219

NAACP, 102, 187, 188, 194

NAACP Legal Education and Defense Fund, 102

National Conference on Soviet Jewry (NCSJ), 199, 201, 202, 203, 204–5, 209, 210, 212, 217

National Council of Negro Women, 102

National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council (NJCRAC), 204, 264n25

National Movement for the Student Vote, 136–37

National Retired Teachers Association, 160

National Urban League, 102, 187

Nation of Islam, 108–9

natural law, 40. See also University of Chicago; Levi, Edward

Neas, Ralph, 187

Netanyahu, Benjamin. See Nitay, Ben

Neuer, Hillel, 231, 232

New Left, 6, 104, 108, 132, 164; 1967 conference in Chicago to build biracial coalition, 109–10

“New Politics,” 167

New Republic, 195

New Voter Registration Act, 45

New York Civil Liberties Organization, 213

New York magazine, 150

Nitay, Ben, 203, 265n49

Nixon, Richard, 128, 136, 168, 175; Nixon-Kissinger détente policy, 168

Northern, William J., 12

Novak, Steven, 180

Nudel, Ida, 200

Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal, 4, 38–42, 53, 200, 203

Ocean-Hill Brownsville, 112, 165

Orlando Morning Sentinel, 37

Orlov, Yuri, 207

Ostrovsky, Yacov, 86

Oxford University, 31, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43, 47, 49

Palestine Liberation Organization, 173, 213–14

Patterson, Anne, 220, 221, 226, 243

Paul, Weiss, Rifkin, Wharton and Garrison, 3, 8, 72, 81, 82, 98, 116, 139, 143, 148–50, 152, 215, 222, 225, 228

Peace Corps, 59, 123

Pekarsky, Maurice, 33

Pendleton, Clarence, 186, 188, 190, 191

Perdew, John, 98

Peres, Shimon, 214

Perez de Cuellar, Javier, 217

Perliss, Lamar, 16–17, 21–22, 25

Perlmutter, Nathan, 187–88

Peters, James, 66

Petrone, Joseph, 219

Podhoretz, Norman, 238

Poindexter, John, 207

Pollard, Jonathan, 214

Pope John XXIII, 87–88

Pope Paul VI, 88–89

Post, Allen, 35, 36, 44

Proskauer, Joseph, 90

Proskauer, Rose, 80–81

Rabin, Yitzchak, 214

race-based preferences, 174, 187, 189, 191, 193, 198

race-based quotas, 173, 177–78, 187, 188, 192, 194

Railey, Agnes, 47

Ramer, Bruce, 231

Ramirez, Blandina Cardenas, 189, 192

Ramspeck, Robert, 63–64

Randolph, A. Philip, 102, 105, 201

Raskin, Marcus, 104

Rauh, Joseph, 108

Rauh, Joseph, Jr., 182

Raynor, Phyllis, 118

Reagan, Ronald, 23, 175, 176, 189, 198, 199, 204, 205, 207, 208

Reagan Administration, 182, 186, 189, 194, 204, 207, 209; Justice Department, Civil Rights Division, 194–95

Redlich, Norman, 181

Reis, Harold, 98

Reis, Ruthann Abram, 20

Religious Voluntary Association, 29

Reykjavik Summit, 207

Reynolds, William Bradford, 194–95

Rhodes Scholarship, 6, 31, 32, 35, 36, 43, 48, 49

Ribicoff, Abraham, 201

Richard Russell, 22–23

Rich’s Department Store, 57

Rifkind, Robert, 81, 152–53

Rifkind, Simon, 81, 148, 259n7

Robinson, Mary, 229, 233

Rocalli, Angelo Cardinal. See Pope John XXIII

Roche, John, 123, 126, 129

Rockefeller, Nelson, 111, 147, 157–60, 177, 189–92

Roosevelt, Franklin, 30–31, 148, 171, 185

Rosdeitcher, Sydney, 98–99, 143, 150–51

Rothschild, Jacob, 117

Rusk, Dean, 88, 219

Russell, Richard, 30, 50

Rustin, Bayard, 108, 116, 186

Sachar, Abram, 115, 118–19, 122, 128

Sacks, I. Milton, 129

Safra, Edmund, 227

Sanders, Carl, 72, 167

Sanders, James O’Hare, 70

Sanders v. Gray, 1, 70–72

San Francisco State University, 120–21, 122

Sanua, Marianne, 110

Saperstein, David, 187

Scarlett, Frank, 70

Schact, Hjalmer, 39

Schifter, Richard, 201

school busing, 187, 189

Schroeder, Patricia, 191

Schwarz, David, 219–20, 221

Scowcroft, Brent, 217

Shanker, Albert, 113, 183, 184–85

Shapiro, Manheim, 28

Sharansky, Anatoly (Natan), 172, 199, 200, 212

Sheehan, Cardinal Lawrence, 89

Shevardnadze, Eduard, 205

Shoob, Marvin, 191

Shriver, Sargent, 57, 58, 59, 60

Shultz, George, 205, 207

Sibley, Samuel, 66

Singer, Eric, 20

Singer, Ruth, 19, 20

Sir George Williams University (Concordia University), 120

Six-Day War. See Israel

Slawson, John, 80, 88

Slepak, Vladimir, 200

Sloan, Boyd, 69

Snowe, Olympia, 191

Somerville, Virginia, 33–34, 36

Sommaruga, Cornelio, 234

Sorensen, Gillian Martin, 233

Sorensen, Theodore, 81, 148, 233

South, Bernard, 65

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), 102, 109–10, 172

Southern Jewish Historical Society, 242

Southern Regional Council, 65, 163, 175

South v. Peters, 65–66

Soviet Jewry, 5

Soviet Jewry Movement, 5; divisions within, 204; Freedom Day rally, 199–200; Israeli government and, 202, 208; origins, 201–2; Reagan Administration and, 205–7. See also National Conference on Soviet Jewry (NCSJ); National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council (NJCRAC); Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry (SSSJ); Union of Councils for Soviet Jewry (UCSJ)

Soviet Union, 172; antisemitism and, 84–87, 202; Association of Soviet Lawyers (ASL), 212–13; Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 85; Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 84–86

Sowell, Thomas, 240

Sparks, Fred, 213

Spellman, Cardinal Francis, 88

Squire, David, 119, 128–29, 130, 131

Starrett City housing project, 193–95

Steingut, Stanley, 160

Stermer, Der, 39

Stevenson, Adlai, 80, 81, 92, 148, 176

Stewart, Potter, 75

Streicher, Julius, 39

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 97, 102, 107, 108, 109

Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry (SSSJ), 202, 204

Sub-Commission for the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities. See United Nations

Sullivan, William, 120

Sununu, John, 217

Sweder, Kenneth, 116, 118, 123, 127, 131

Talisman, Mark, 204, 211

Talmadge, Eugene, 2, 30, 35, 64

Talmadge, Herman, 1, 2, 30, 48, 52, 57, 71, 80

Tannenbaum, Marc, 90

Teitelbaum, Anna, 242

Teitelbaum, Herbert, 121–22, 206

the Temple (Atlanta), 44, 56

Tennessee Valley Authority, 60

Tepperman, Jonathan, 144–45, 227, 228, 235, 244

Thompson, R. A., 46

Thurmond, J. Strom, 184

Troutman, Robert, Jr., 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 56–57, 58, 116

Troutman, Robert, Sr., 32, 33, 34

Truman, Harry, 148, 168, 169

Tucker, Robert W., 213

Turman v. Duckworth, 65

Tuttle, Elbert, 45, 99

Twentieth Century Fund, 80

Tyler, Gus, 37, 116

Union of Councils for Soviet Jewry (UCSJ), 202, 204

United Federation of Teachers (UFT), 112

United Nations, 246; Ad Hoc Group on the UN, 217–19; antisemitism and, 224, 225–26, 227; anti-Zionism and, 218, 224, 230; Charter, 219, 222, 232; Commission on Human Rights, 86–87, 221, 222, 224, 227, 230; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racism, 84; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Religious Discrimination, 84; Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Religious Discrimination, 85–86; Declaration of Human Rights, 218, 232; Human Rights at, 171–72; Israel and, 220, 221, 224, 233; the PLO and, 218, 220; Sub-Commission for the Prevention of Discrimination and the Protection of Minorities, 81, 84, 227; “Zionism is Racism” Resolution, 87, 208, 217, 220

United Negro College Fund, 163–64, 236, 245

University of Chicago, 6, 128, 151; Hillel Foundation, 32–33; law school, 31–32, 35, 40

University of Georgia, 6, 25, 27, 155, 200, 244; Demosthenon Literary Society, 29, 30; Law School, 32; Phi Kappa Literary Society, 30, 31

UN Watch, 3, 40, 132, 139, 144, 235, 236; access to UN officials, 228; activities in addition to support for Israel, 230; campaign against Holocaust denial, 230; origins, 225–26; relationship with the World Jewish Congress, 225–26, 231; as a target of attacks, 227; transfer of sponsorship to AJC, 231–32

U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 9, 23, 182–83, 189, 190, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198, 205, 236

Vance, Cyrus, 219

Vandiver, Ernest, 58, 71

Vanik, Charles, 169

Vatican II Council, 87, 88

Veil, Simone, 94

Vietnam War, 123, 129, 172, 175

Village Voice, 195

Von Pappen, Franz, 39

Vorspan, Albert, 93

Voter Education Project, 163

Voting Rights Act of 1965, 101, 107, 186

Warren, Earl, 69, 77

Watts Riot, 103

Weiss, Branco, 227

Weltner, Charles, 53, 72, 186

Westminster School, 79

White, Lee, 102, 254n35

White, Theodore, 175

White House Conference on Civil Rights, 101–3, 105–7; and controversy over Moynihan Report, 103–5

Wien, Lawrence, 115

Wiesel, Ellie, 199

Wilkins, Roy, 101, 102, 105, 107

Williams, Osgood, 53–55, 139

Wilson, Malcolm, 160

Wirtz, Willard, 103, 148

Wisse, Ruth, 225

Withers, Stanley, 25

Wofford, Harris, 57–58

Wollach, David, 227

Women’s Medical College of Pennsylvania, 16

Woodruff, Robert, 70

World Jewish Congress, 207, 213

Yoffie, Eric, 7, 125–27, 131

Young, Andrew, 23, 44, 172–73, 188

Young, Robert, 46

Young, Whitney, 102, 107, 164

Zionism, 29, 40–41

“Zionism is Racism” resolution. See United Nations