NOTES
PREFACE
  1.    Risky Business Project, “Risky Business: A Climate Risk Assess­ment for the United States,” June 2014, https://riskybusiness.org/site/assets/uploads/2015/09/Risky​Business_Report_WEB_09_08_14.pdf; U.S. Global Change Research Program, “National Climate Assessment,” 2014, http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/.
1. WHY WE NEED TO BUILD A NEW AMERICAN ECONOMY
  1.    McKinsey Global Institute, “Poorer Than Their Parents? Flat or Falling Incomes in Advanced Economies,” July 2016, http://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/employment-and-growth/poorer-than-their-parents-a-new-perspective-on-income-inequality.
  2.    Emmanuel Saez, “Striking It Richer: The Evolution of Top Incomes in the United States (updated with 2015 preliminary estimates),” Working Paper, University of California at Berkeley, June 30, 2016.
  3.    Daron Acemoglu, David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, and Brendan Price, “Import Competition and the Great US Employment Sag of the 2000s,” Journal of Labor Economics 34, no. S1 (Part 2, January 2016): S141–S198.
  4.    For a recent example, see Deloitte, “Technology and People: The Great Job-Creating Machine,” August 2015, https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/​finance/deloitte-uk-technology-and-people.pdf.
  5.    Congressional Budget Office, “The 2016 Long-Term Budget Outlook,” July 2016, www.cbo.gov/publication/51580.
  6.    Gordon, Robert. The Rise and Fall of American Growth (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2016).
  7.    United Nations, Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 2015, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/​transformingourworld. Note that subsequent mentions of the SDGs in this book refer to this source.
  8.    United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, The Paris Agreement, 2015, http://unfccc.int/paris_agreement/items/9485.php.
  9.    Bertelsmann Stiftung and UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), The SDG Index and Dashboard, 2016, http://sdgindex.org.
3. DECODING THE FEDERAL BUDGET
  1.    Auxier, Richard, Len Burman, Jim Nunns, and Jeff Rohaly, An Analysis of Hillary Clinton's Tax Proposals, Tax Policy Center, March 3, 2016, http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/publications/analysis-hillary-clintons-tax-proposals/full.
  2.    The Office of Management and Budget produces ten-year scenarios that show the projected decline in nondefense discretionary. For the most recent, see Table S-6, p. 28 of the Mid-Session Review Fiscal Year 2017, Office of Management and Budget, July 2016, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/​fy2017/assets/17msr.pdf.
  3.    Congressional Budget Office, The 2016 Long-Term Budget Outlook, July 2016, www.cbo.gov/publication/51580.
  4.    John Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey Sachs, eds., World Happiness Report 2016, http://worldhappiness.report/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/03/HR-V1_web.pdf.
4. SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE AFTER THE AUTOMOBILE AGE
  1.    American Society of Civil Engineers, Failure to Act: Closing the Infrastructure Investment Gap for America’s Economic Future (Boston: Economic Development Research Group, 2016).
  2.    The Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project (DDPP) is a global collaboration of energy research teams charting practical pathways to deeply reducing greenhouse gas emissions in their own countries. It is predicated on taking seriously what is needed to limit global warming to 2°C or less. See J. H. Williams, B. Haley, F. Kahrl, J. Moore, A. D. Jones, M. S. Torn, and H. McJeon, Pathways to Deep Decarbonization in the United States, The U.S. Report of the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network and the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, 2014. Revision with technical supplement, November 16, 2015.
5. FACING UP TO INCOME INEQUALITY
  1.    Bernadette D. Proctor, Jessica L. Semega, and Melissa A. Kollar, “Income and Poverty in the United States: 2015,” U.S. Census Bureau Report Number P60-256, September 13, 2016, http://www.census.gov/library/publications/2016/demo/p60-256​.html.
  2.    Emmanuel Saez, “Striking It Richer: The Evolution of Top Incomes in the United States (updated with 2015 preliminary estimates),” Working Paper, University of California at Berkeley, June 30, 2016.
  3.    Jeffrey D. Sachs and Howard J. Shatz, “Trade and Jobs in U.S. Manufacturing,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1994, no. 1 (1994): 1–84.
6. SMART MACHINES AND THE FUTURE OF JOBS
  1.    OECD Better Life Index, “Education,” http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/topics/education/, showing an expected 17.1 years of education in the United States between the ages of 5 and 39.
  2.    American Time Use Survey 2015, http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/atus.pdf. See Table 1, showing average work of 3.19 hours, or 3 hours, 11 minutes.
  3.    Claudia Goldin and Lawrence F. Katz, The Race Between Education and Technology (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010).
  4.    Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation? September 17, 2013, http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/The_​Future_of_Employment.pdf; Michael Chui, James Manyika, and Mehdi Miremadi, “Where Machines Could Replace Humans—and Where They Can’t (Yet),” McKinsey Quarterly, July 2016, http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/where-machines-could-replace-humans-and-where-they-cant-yet.
  5.    Economic Report of the President: Together with the Annual Report of the Council of Economic Advisers, February 2016, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/ERP_2016_​Book_Complete%20JA.pdf.
8. DISPARITIES AND HIGH COSTS FUEL THE HEALTH CARE CRISIS
  1.    Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Health at a Glance 2015: OECD Indicators, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/health_glance-2015-en.
  2.    Jessica C. Barnett and Marina S. Vornovitsky, “Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2015,” U.S. Census Bureau Report Number P60-257, September 13, 2016, http://www.census.gov/library/publications/2016/demo/p60-257​.html.
  3.    Raj Chetty, Michael Stepner, Sarah Abraham, Shelby Lin, Benjamin Scuderi, Nicholas Turner, Augustin Bergeron, and David Cutler, “The Association Between Income and Life Expectancy in the United States, 2001–2014,” JAMA 315, no. 16 (April 26, 2016):1750–1766; see also https://healthinequality.org.
  4.    Institute of Medicine, Best Care at Lower Cost: The Path to Continuously Learning Health Care in America (Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2013).
  5.    International Federation of Health Plans, 2013 Comparative Price Report: Variation in Medical and Hospital Prices by Country, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/518a3cfee4b0a77d03a​62c98/t/534fc9ebe4b05a88e5fbab70/1397737963288/2013+iFHP+FINAL+4+14+14.pdf.
  6.    Center for Responsive Politics, “Totals by Sector: Election Cycle 2016,” https://www.opensecrets.org/overview/sectors.php.
9. A SMART ENERGY POLICY FOR THE UNITED STATES
  1.    James Hansen et al., “Ice Melt, Sea Level Rise and Superstorms: Evidence from Paleoclimate Data, Climate Modeling, and Modern Observations That 2C Global Warming Could Be Dangerous,” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16 (2016): 3761–3812.
  2.    James H. Williams et al., Pathways to Deep Decarbonization in the United States, U.S. Report of the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network and the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, November 2014; Revision with Technical Supplement, November 16, 2015.
10. FROM GUNS TO BUTTER
  1.    United Nations, Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 2015, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/​transformingourworld.
  2.    Department of Defense, Base Structure Report – Fiscal Year 2015 Baseline, http://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/Downloads/BSI/Base%20Structure%20Report%20FY15.pdf.
  3.    John Coatsworth, “Liberalism and Big Sticks: the Politics of U.S. Interventions in Latin America, 1898–2004, 2006, at http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:204082.
  4.    Joseph Stiglitz and Linda Bilmes, The Three Trillion Dollar War: The True Cost of the Iraq Conflict (Melbourne: Allen Lane / Penguin, 2008).
  5.    Neta Crawford, “US Budgetary Costs of Wars through 2016: $4.79 Trillion and Counting: Summary of Costs of the US Wars in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan and Pakistan and Homeland Security,” Brown University, Watson Institute of International & Public Affairs, September 2016.
  6.    See the IMF World Economic Outlook Database October 2016, at http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/index​.aspx.
12. TOWARD A NEW KIND OF POLITICS
  1.    Pew Research Center, “Beyond Distrust: How Americans View Their Government,” November 23, 2015, http://www.people-press.org/2015/11/23/beyond-distrust-how-americans-view-their-government.
  2.    Martin Gilens, Affluence and Influence (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2013).
13. RESTORING TRUST IN AMERICAN GOVERNANCE
  1.    Alain Cohn, Ernst Fehr, and André Maréchal, “Business Culture and Dishonesty in the Banking Industry,” Nature 516 (December 4, 2014): 86–89.
  2.    McDonnell v. United States, October Term 2015, https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/15pdf/15-474_ljgm.pdf.