Contents

Preface

1. Entering a New World

A Massive Market Failure

Environment and Civilization

China: Why the Existing Economic Model Will Fail

Mounting Stresses, Failing States

A Civilizational Tipping Point

Plan B—A Plan of Hope

I. A CIVILIZATION IN TROUBLE

2. Deteriorating Oil and Food Security

The Coming Decline of Oil

The Oil Intensity of Food

The Changing Food Prospect

Cars and People Compete for Crops

The World Beyond Peak Oil

Food Insecurity and Failing States

3. Rising Temperatures and Rising Seas

Rising Temperature and Its Effects 49

The Crop Yield Effect

Reservoirs in the Sky

Melting Ice and Rising Seas

More-Destructive Storms

Cutting Carbon 80 Percent by 2020

4. Emerging Water Shortages

Water Tables Falling

Rivers Running Dry

Lakes Disappearing

Farmers Losing to Cities

Scarcity Crossing National Borders

Water Scarcity Yields Political Stresses

5. Natural Systems Under Stress

Shrinking Forests: The Many Costs

Losing Soil

From Grassland to Desert

Advancing Deserts

Collapsing Fisheries

Disappearing Plants and Animals

6. Early Signs of Decline

Our Socially Divided World

Health Challenge Growing

Throwaway Economy in Trouble

Population and Resource Conflicts

Environmental Refugees on the Rise

Mounting Stresses, Failing States

II. THE RESPONSE—PLAN B

7. Eradicating Poverty, Stabilizing Population

Universal Basic Education

Stabilizing Population

Better Health for All

Curbing the HIV Epidemic

Reducing Farm Subsidies and Debt

A Poverty Eradication Budget

8. Restoring the Earth

Protecting and Restoring Forests

Conserving and Rebuilding Soils

Regenerating Fisheries

Protecting Plant and Animal Diversity

Planting Trees to Sequester Carbon

The Earth Restoration Budget

9. Feeding Eight Billion Well

Rethinking Land Productivity

Raising Water Productivity

Producing Protein More Efficiently

Moving Down the Food Chain

Action on Many Fronts

10. Designing Cities for People

The Ecology of Cities

Redesigning Urban Transport

Reducing Urban Water Use

Farming in the City

Upgrading Squatter Settlements

Cities for People

11. Raising Energy Efficiency

Banning the Bulb

Energy-Efficient Appliances

More-Efficient Buildings

Restructuring the Transport System

A New Materials Economy

The Energy Savings Potential

12. Turning to Renewable Energy

Harnessing the Wind

Wind-Powered Plug-in Hybrid Cars

Solar Cells and Collectors

Energy from the Earth

Plant-Based Sources of Energy

River, Tidal, and Wave Power

The World Energy Economy of 2020

III. AN EXCITING NEW OPTION

13. The Great Mobilization

Shifting Taxes and Subsidies

Summing Up Climate Stabilization Measures

A Response to Failing States

A Wartime Mobilization

Mobilizing to Save Civilization

What You and I Can Do


Notes

Acknowledgements

About the Author