1 Sir Walter Raleigh, History of the World (London: Macmillan, 1971), Book 1, chap. 1, para. 11.

² Reginald Scot, Discoverie of Witchcraft (1584), ed. B. Nicholson (London: Elliott Stock, 1886), repr. of 1st edn., Book 9, chap. 4.

³ Francis Bacon, De dignitate et augmentis scientiarum (Norimberg: Riegel & Wiesner, 1829), Book 2, chap. 4.

⁴ William Perkins, A Commentarie or Exposition upon the Epistle to the Galatians (Cambridge, 1604), chap. 4.

⁵ William Perkins, A Golden Chaine (London, 1591), chap. 22.

⁶ Scot, Discoverie of Witchcraft, Book 12, chap. 14.

⁷ William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night, Act I, scene 3.

⁸ John Webster, The Duchess of Malfi, Act II, scene 3.

⁹ Robert Fludd, Dr. Fludd’s Answer, Second member, chap. 7. Text in W. Huffman, ed., Robert Fludd (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2001).

¹⁰ Necromancy is not included here because, as the word suggests, it was a form of divination, rather than magic, even though certain magical techniques might be used in summoning up the spirits of the dead.

¹¹ William Lilly’s History of his Life and Times from the Year 1602 to 1681 (Hardpress.net, 2006), 13.

¹² Scot, Discoverie of Witchcraft, 12.14.

¹³ William Perkins, A Discourse of the Damned Art of Witchcraft (London, 1631), 255–6.

¹⁴ John Dee, Propaedeumata Aphoristica (1558) (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1978), Aphorism 52.

¹⁵ ‘The office of a chirurgion’, fol. 33^r, included in the 1586 edition of Thomas Gale, The Institucion of Chyrurgerie.

¹⁶ Scot, The Discoverie of Witchcraft, Book 7, chap. 11. Robert Parsons, A Briefe Apologie (Antwerp, 1601), fol. 193b. John Hall, An Historicall Expostulation against the beastlye abusers, both of Chirurgie, and Physyke, in owre tyme (London, 1565), sig. Aaa4^r.

¹⁷ Thomas Ady, A Candle in the Dark (London, 1656), 40.

¹⁸ BL MS Sloane 1792, fos. 2^v–4^r.