Index

Abercorn (Abercurnig) 85

Abergwili, Dyfed, battle 1912

Aberlemno Stone 16, 8890, 91

Acleah, battle 105, 1067, 187

Adomnan 56, 65, 66, 73

Aedan, king of Scots 56, 656, 195n

Aegelesthrep (Aylesford, Kent) 28, 173, 182

Aelfric, ealdorman 161, 163, 177

Aelfric, homilist 20

Aelfwine, brother of Ecgfrith 19, 82

Aelle, bretwalda 17, 30, 32, 46

Aelle, king of York 108, 168

Aesc (Octha), son of Hengest, king of Kent 2830, 46

Aescesdun, see Ashdown

Aethelbald, king of Kent and Wessex 1067

Aethelbert, king of Kent 35, 37

Aethelfrith, king of Northumbria 17, 20, 63, 645, 669

Aethelhere, brother of Penda 778

Aethelingadene, battle 3, 163, 190

Aethelred, king of Wessex 109, 112, 11517, 119, 120, 122

Aethelred the Unready, king of England 148, 149, 150, 159, 1613, 166, 168, 16970

Aetheweard, chronicler 140, 177

Aethelwulf, king of Wessex 96, 98, 102, 105, 1067, 109

Aethelwulf, ealdorman 107, 114

Alcluith, Alt Cluith, see Dumbarton Alcock, Leslie 88

Aldrith, king of Northumbria 92

Alfred the Great, king of England 13, 17, 107, 110, 11231 and passim

‘Alleluia Battle’ 23, 301, 182

Ambrosius Aurelianus 456, 194n

Anderida, Andredescester (Pevensey Castle) 17, 323, 182

Aneirin 614

Angles 26, 35

Archenfield (Ircingafeld), battle 19, 189

Argoed Llwyfain, battle, northern England 182

Arthur, British ‘king’ 345, 478, 547, 58

Arthuret (Arfderydd), battle 57, 183, 195n

Ashdon, Essex 17881

Ashdown, battle of 4, 17, 20, 114, 11521, 122, 188, 198n

Ashingdon, Essex 17881

Assandun, Assingdun, battle 5, 1718, 22, 23, 17381, 191

Asser, bishop 105, 106, 11618, 120, 1223, 125, 127

Athelstan, king of England 13, 16, 1328, 144

Athelstan, son of Aethelred 9

Athelstan, son of Aethelwulf 105

Augustine, St 37, 43

Axes 11

Aylesbury, Bucks 37

Aylesford, see Aegelesthrep

Badbury 23, 49, 50

Badon, see Mons Badonicus

Bagsecg, Danish king 11617, 119

Bamburgh, Northumberland 35, 85, 163

Banners 4, 69, 171, 176 and passim

Basing (Basengum), Hants 34, 122, 188

Bath35, 41, 4951, 53

Battle tactics 1115, 63, 77, 8990, 11617, 128, 1367, 156

Baydon, Wilts 52, 53

Beandun, battle 4, 184

Bede 13, 26, 28, 30, 32, 65, 669, 735, 76, 7780, 813, 86, 912

Bedford 37, 46, 168

Benfleet, Essex22, 1889

Bensington (Benson), Oxon 37, 186

Beorgfeord (Burford), Oxon 186

Beornwulf, king of Mercia 969, 100, 102

Beranburh (Barbury), battle 356, 183

Bensington (Benson) 186

Biedcanford (?Bedford), battle 37, 183

Biedanheafod, battle185

Bows 11

Bradford-on-Avon (Bradenforda), Glos 185

Brecenanmere, Powys, battle 189

Brentford 1723, 191

Bridei, king of Picts 823, 85, 88, 89, 90

Brinsworth, South Yorks 141, 142

Bromborough, Cheshire 141, 1435

Brunanburh, battle of 5, 12, 16, 17, 20, 13246, 190, 198n

Burgred, king of Mercia 106, 107, 109

Burne, Alfred H 23, 40, 47, 53, 54, 96, 97, 100, 11921, 126, 128, 135, 1402, 151, 178

Burhs 113, 136, 150, 154 and passim

Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk 110

Buttington, Powys, battle 22, 189

Byrhtnoth, ealdorman 14, 16, 18, 1478, 150, 1528, 15960, 168

Cadwallon, king of Britons 17, 61, 69, 715, 76, 195n

Caesar 29

Cambridge 123, 168, 178

Camelford, Cornwall 567

Camlann, battle 558, 183, 194n

Canewdon, Essex 23, 17881

Canterbury, Kent 106, 135

Canute (Knut) 11, 22, 108, 16973, 181

Carham (Carrun), Northumberland 191

Carhampton (Carrum), Somerset 4, 103, 105, 186, 187

Castleford, Yorks 190

Catigern, British leader 28

Catterick (Cataractonium, Catraeth), North Yorks 4, 16, 21, 614, 195n

Cavalry 1517, 63, 85, 8990, 97

Ceawlin, bretwalda 20, 35, 36, 3743

Ceolwulf, king of Wessex 6, 43

Ceorls 7

Cerdic, West Saxon leader 335, 46

Cerdicesford, battle 183

Cerdicesleag (Cerdic’s Wood) 183

Cerdicesora, battle 182, 183

Chain-mail, see Mail

Cherrenhul, battle 96, 186

Chester (Caerlegion) 55, 668, 148, 184, 195n

Chippenham, Glos 124, 126, 129

Christy, M 178

Circinn, battle 56

Cirencester (Corinium), Glos 35, 41, 51, 53, 129, 184

Cissa, son of Aelle 32

Clontarf, nr Dublin, Ireland 191

Cockburn, J H 141

Columba, St 65, 734

Constantine II, king of Scots 111, 1323, 135, 137, 139

Corbridge, Northumberland 189

Cornwall (Dumnonia, West Wales) 33, 96, 104, 148 and passim

Crawford, O G S 56, 194n

Crecganford (Crayford, Kent), battle 18, 182

Crouch, River 178

Cruickshank, Graeme 84, 89, 92

Cuckhamsley Knob 165, 199n

Cuckney, Notts 212, 71

Cutha (Cuthwine), brother/son of Ceawlin 38, 412

Cuthbert, St 90, 91

Cymenesora, Cumensora (Ower Banks, Sussex) 32, 182, 183

Cynegils, king of Wessex 43, 77

Cyneheard 3, 19

Cynewulf, king of Wessex 3, 19

Cynric, son of Cerdic 23, 334, 356

Cynwit, battle 188

Dal Riata 65

Dark Ages, meaning of 12

David, St 48

Degsastan, battle4, 646,67,184

Deorham (Dyrham, Glos), battle 12, 18, 35, 3741, 51, 184

Derby 114, 141, 189

Dere Street 64

Devil’s Dyke 49

Dollar, Tayside 188

Domnall Brec, king of Dal Riata 18, 73, 77

Dublin (Ath Cliath) 1045, 111, 132, 134, 135, 139, 143

Dumbarton (Alt Cluith)49, 55, 59, 83, 111, 187

Dunnichen, battle of 16, 234, 81, 8394, 196n

Dunnottar Castle 83

Dunsinnan, battle 192

Durham 17

Eadgar, king of England 148, 162

Eadric Streona, earl of Mercia 1701, 173, 1767

East Kennet, Wilts 165, 191, 199n Ebbsfleet (Ypinesfleot), Kent27, 29

Ecgbert, king of Wessex 95103, 104

Ecgfrith, king of Northumbria 4, 16, 19, 8194

Eddius Stephanus, see Stephan Edinburgh (Din Eidyn) 59, 61, 64, 85

Edington, see Ethandun

Edmund, St, king of East Anglia 16, 18, 108, 10910, 169

Edmund, brother of Athelstan 134

Edmund Ironside, king of Wessex 16978, 200n

Edward the Elder, king of Wessex 18

Edwin, king of Northumbria 17, 18, 22, 62, 6871, 82, 92

Edwinstowe, Notts 22, 701

Egbert’s Stone 13, 125, 126

Egil’s Saga 1314, 1358, 141, 146

Ellandun, battle of 96103, 186

Elmet 59, 69, 71, 78

Ely 1579

Encomium Emmae 163, 168, 169, 171, 1746

Englefeld (Englafeld), Berks 114, 187

EnglishHeritage23

Ermine Street 52

Ethandun, battle of 23, 12531, 188

Executions 1819

Exeter 124, 164

Farnham, Hants 188

Fethanleag, battle 412, 184

Fletcher, R 19

‘Florence’ (John) of Worcester, chronicler 1389, 141, 146, 150, 166, 1745, 178, 181

Folkestone, Kent 149

Forfar, Angus 85, 88, 93, 94

Forres, Moray 17

Fortriu 81, 83

Fosse Way 38, 51, 98, 171-2

Fraser, J E 848

Freeman, E A 83, 1501, 178

Gafalford (Galford), battle 96, 186

Gainsborough, Lincs 168, 169

Geoffrey Gaimar, chronicler 110, 115, 140, 200n

Geoffrey of Monmouth, chronicler 478, 51, 53, 55, 567, 78

Geraint, British leader 323, 193n

Germanus, St 301

Gildas, ancient historian 25, 27, 446

Gloucester 35

Gododdin 16, 5961

Gododdin, The 21, 5964

Gokstad ship 4, 8, 106

Grave-pits 17, 212, 71, 77

Grundy, G B 99100, 125

Guthrum, Danish king 1234, 1259, 177, 182

Guoloph, battle 182

Gwrgystu or Conwy Hirfawr (Llanrwst, Gwynedd), battle 190

Hadrian’s Wall 56, 735

Haestan, Danish leader 22

Halfdan, Danish leader 11314, 11618, 123

Halsall, Guy 66, 67, 90, 99

Harald Bluetooth 148, 162

Harald Hardrada 10, 138, 141

Harding, Stephen 1436

Harwich 178

Harold Godwinson 4, 11, 13, 16, 144, 177

Hatfield Chase 6970

Heathfelth, battle 22, 6971, 184

Hefnfelth (Heavenfield, Northumberland) 23, 725, 88, 184

Hellesdun (Bradford St Clare, Suffolk) 109, 187

Helmets 1011, 89

Hengest, Saxon leader 3, 20, 2730

Hengestdun (Hingston Down, Cornwall) 186

Henry of Huntingdon, chronicler 97, 100, 140, 176

Hereford 16, 192

Hexham, Northumberland 73, 74, 75

hill-forts 356, 38, 45, 47, 49, 50, 512, 84, 934, 1278 and passim

Holm, The, battle 189

Historia Brittonum 28, 29, 46, 47, 49, 545, 65, 77, 92, 196n

Horsa, brother of Hengest 27, 28

Hoxne, Suffolk 109, 187

Hwicce 41

Icknield Way 167

Ida, king of Bernicia 35, 60

Idle, River, battle 689, 184

Ine, laws of 23

Iona 91, 103

Ipswich, Suffolk 149

Isle of Wight 33-4,35

Ivar the Boneless, Danish leader 16, 105, 10811, 11213, 162, 169, 197n

Jarrow, Tyneside 103

John of Worcester, see Florence of Worcester

Jutes 26, 34

Jutland 162

Kempsford (Cynemaeresford), Glos, battle 95, 186, 197n

Kennet, see East Kennet

Knives 11, 62

Knut, see Canute

Knytlinga Saga 167, 1712, 173, 177

Kits Coty, Kent 28

Laborde, E D 151

Leeds, county of 78

Liddington Castle/Hill, Wilts 21, 23, 36, 50, 514

Lindisfarne (Metcaud), Northumberland 601, 65, 75, 85, 103, 195n

Lindsey 168, 169, 170

Little Solsbury Hill, Bath 501, 52, 54

Loades, Mike 128

London 29, 150, 169, 170, 1723 and passim

Longships 4, 124, 1534, 168 and passim

Lydiard Tregoze, Wilts 99102

Mag Breg (Co. Meath) 823

Mag Rath, N.Ireland184

Magasaetan 170, 173

Magnus, king of Norway 10

Magnus Maximus, Roman emperor 25

Mail 1011, 62, 63, 68, 89

Malcolm Canmore, king of Scots 23

Maldon, battle of 4, 11, 18, 23, 14759, 190

Manaw, battle 185

Maserfelth, battle of 757, 88, 184, 196n

Mearcraedesburna, battle 32, 182

Medraut (Mordred) 556, 57

Medway, River 29, 173

Merantun or Meretun 3, 122, 123, 127, 186

Merlin 57

Mons Badonicus, battle 17, 23, 4454, 183, 185, 194n

Monuments 21, 234, 31, 923

Moots (gathering grounds) 13, 120, 125, 167

Morris, John 58, 64

Mount Badon, see

Mons Badonicus Mul 19

Mutilation 18, 76, 92

Mynyddog, British king 61, 62

Myres, J N L 50, 52

Nant Carno, Powys, battle 190

Nathanleag, battle 4, 34, 183

National Trust 1589

Nechtanesmere, battle, see Dunnichen

Nennius, see Historia Brittonum

Northampton 168

Northey Island, Essex 1513, 154, 155, 15960

Norwich 164

Nottingham 109

Oesc (Octha), see Aesc

Offa, king of Mercia 95

Olaf St 8, 166

Olaf Gothfrithson, king of Dublin (‘Anlaf’) 1323, 1349, 142

Olaf Tryggvasson, Norse leader 9, 14750, 15960

Olaf the White, Viking leader 105, 110, 111

Old Sarum (Searoburh) 23, 3536, 183

Oman, Sir Charles 140, 170

Orwell, River 173

Orkney 83, 104

Oseburg ship 106

Oswald, St, king of Northumbria 18, 727, 92

Oswestry, Salop 756

Oswin, king of Deira 12

Oswy, king of Northumbria 12, 17, 768, 80, 812, 91, 92

Otford (Ottanford), Kent 173, 186, 191

Ottar the Black, Knut’s skald, see Knytlinga Saga

Owen, king of Strathclyde 133, 135

Parret, River 105, 187

Pegwell Bay, Kent 107

Penda, king of Mercia 12, 69, 702, 76, 7780, 82

Penselwood (Peonnan), Glos 171, 185, 191, 200n

Peredur, British leader 57

Peterborough (Medeshamstede) 110, 142

Petrarch 1

Petty, G and S 1523

Picts 56, 66, 812, 83, 84, 8790, 104 and passim

Pinhoe, Devon 163, 190

Poole Harbour, Dorset 3, 169, 189

Port, South Saxon leader 3, 30, 323

Portchester Castle 32

Portsmouth, Hants 32, 183

Portland, Dorset 105, 148, 187

Porlock, Somerset 4, 192

Posentesburh (Posbury), Devon 185

Prisoners 11, 18, 19, 111 and passim

Raedwald, bretwalda, king of East Anglia 689

Ragnar Lodbrok 105, 108

Reading, Berks 11314, 115, 118, 120, 165, 188

Restenneth Priory 88, 94

Rheged 59

Rhyd y Groes, Powys, battle 192

Riccall, Yorks 22

Richborough Castle, Kent 2930

Ridgeway, The 13, 52, 115, 118, 119, 1201, 165

Ringmere, battle of 14, 1668, 191, 199n,200n

Rochester, Kent 190

Rodwell, R. 17881

Ryknild Street 141

St Albans, Herts 45, 46

Salisbury, Wilts 35-6, 164

Sandwich, Kent 105, 149, 166, 168, 169, 187

Seax 11, 159

Selwood 125

Sheppey, Isle of 103, 104, 173

Sherston (Scearstan),Wilts, battle 20, 1712, 191, 200n

Shields 78, 623, 89, 157 and passim

shield-wall (bordweall) 7, 1213, 63, 11617, 127, 128, 156

ship-camp/fortress 29, 162

Silchester, Hants 35, 45, 52

Smurthwaite, D 40

Smyth, Alfred 17, 62, 110, 116, 127, 142

Solomon ap Cynan 67

Somerton, Somerset 186

South Cadbury Castle 35, 45, 56

Southampton (Hamwic) 105, 107, 148, 1701, 186

Spears 8, 623, 89, 156 and passim

Spicer, T 7, 97, 100

Stamford Bridge, North Yorks, battle 5, 10, 16, 18, 23

Stephan (Eddius Stephanus), chronicler 812, 85, 90

Stourmouth, Essex 188

Strangford Lough, N. Ireland 105, 123, 188

Strathcarron, West Scotland 184

Strathclyde 60, 65, 111, 132

Strickland, M 17, 20

Sueno’s Stone 17

Sutton Hoo, Suffolk 11, 68

Swanage, Dorset 124

Swanborough Tump 13, 15

Swete, H 178

Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark 1489, 150, 160, 162, 1636, 1689, 170

Swords 89, 68, 156 and passim

Symeon of Durham, chronicler 138, 140, 142

Tacitus 7

tactics, see battle tactics

Taleisin 59, 60

Tamworth, Staffs 190

Taxation 7, 19, 123, 159, 163, 166and passim

Tempsford, Beds, battle 18, 189

Tennyson, Alfred 55, 134, 194n

Tents 136

Tettenhall, Staffs 189

Thanet 106, 148, 187

Thegns 7, 15, 22, 29, 69, 154 and passim

Theodbald, Northumbrian leader 656

Thetford, Norfolk 109, 110, 113, 164, 1667, 191

Thorkell the Tall 1669

Trent River, battle 13, 18, 82, 134

‘Two Rivers’, battle 812, 185

Ubba (Ubbe), Danish leader 4, 110, 125

Uffngton, Oxon 11819

Uhtred, earl of Northumbria 17, 19

Ulfcytel, ealdorman 1646, 168, 177, 199n Urien, British leader55, 57, 601, 62, 65

Vegetius 12

Verulamium, see St Albans

Vortigern, British ‘tyrant’ 26, 27, 29

Vortimer, British war-leader 29

Wainwright, F T 867, 93, 94

Wallingford, Oxon 113

Walker, J W 7980

Wansdyke 423, 49, 51, 96

war-geld (wer-geld) 19

Watchet, Somerset 148

Watling Street 169

Wibbandun, battle 37, 183

Wiceganbeorg (Wigborough, Somerset), battle 105, 187

White Horses 11819, 1278, 12930

Wihtgar 34

Wihtgaresburh 34, 183

Wilfred, St 91

William of Malmesbury, chronicler 42, 134, 135, 138, 140, 142, 144, 180, 200n

Wilton, Wilts 1223, 127, 188

Wimborne, Dorset 122, 123

Winchester (Wintanceaster), Hants 33, 34, 35, 52, 96, 107, 165, 187

Winwaed, battle of 45, 17, 7780, 185, 196n

Wippedesfleot, battle 29, 182

Wirral 23, 1436

Wirtgernesburh, battle 51, 185

Wodnesbeorh (Alton Barnes, Wilts), battle 423, 184, 185

Wood, Michael 45, 46, 138, 142, 157

Wretham Heath, Norfolk, battle 1645, 166, 199n

Wulfhere, king of Mercia 82

York 22, 71, 1089, 132

Zosimus 25