Practical C Programming by Oualline, Steve -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Practical C Programming, 3rd Edition

SPECIAL OFFER: Upgrade this ebook with O’Reilly A Note Regarding Supplemental Files Preface

How This Book is Organized Chapter by Chapter Notes on the Third Edition Font Conventions Obtaining Source Code

FTP FTPMAIL

Comments and Questions Acknowledgments Acknowledgments to the Third Edition

I. Basics

1. What Is C?

How Programming Works Brief History of C How C Works How to Learn C

2. Basics of Program Writing

Programs from Conception to Execution

Wrappers

Creating a Real Program Creating a Program Using a Command-Line Compiler

Step 1. Create a Place for Your Program Step 2. Create the Program Step 3. Run the Compiler

UNIX cc compiler (generic UNIX) Free Software Foundation’s gcc compiler Borland’s Turbo C++ under MS-DOS Borland C++ under MS-DOS and Windows Microsoft Visual C++

Step 4. Execute the Program

Creating a Program Using an Integrated Development Environment

Step 1. Create a Place for Your Program Step 2. Enter, Compile, and Run Your Program Using the IDE

Turbo C++ Borland C++ Microsoft Visual C++

Getting Help on UNIX Getting Help in an Integrated Development Environment IDE Cookbooks

Turbo C++ Borland C++ Microsoft Visual C++

Programming Exercises

3. Style

Common Coding Practices Coding Religion Indentation and Code Format Clarity Simplicity Summary

4. Basic Declarations and Expressions

Elements of a Program Basic Program Structure Simple Expressions Variables and Storage Variable Declarations Integers Assignment Statements printf Function Floating Point Floating Point Versus Integer Divide Characters Answers Programming Exercises

5. Arrays, Qualifiers, and Reading Numbers

Arrays Strings Reading Strings Multidimensional Arrays Reading Numbers Initializing Variables Types of Integers Types of Floats Constant Declarations Hexadecimal and Octal Constants Operators for Performing Shortcuts Side Effects ++x or x++ More Side-Effect Problems Answers Programming Exercises

6. Decision and Control Statements

if Statement else Statement How Not to Use strcmp Looping Statements while Statement break Statement continue Statement Assignment Anywhere Side Effect Answer Programming Exercises

7. Programming Process

Setting Up Specification Code Design Prototype Makefile

Generic UNIX UNIX with the Free Software Foundation’s gcc Compiler Borland C++ Turbo C++ Visual C++

Testing Debugging Maintenance Revisions Electronic Archaeology Marking Up the Program Using the Debugger Text Editor as a Browser Add Comments Programming Exercises

II. Simple Programming

8. More Control Statements

for Statement switch Statement switch, break, and continue Answers Programming Exercises

9. Variable Scope and Functions

Scope and Class Functions Functions with No Parameters Structured Programming Recursion Answers Programming Exercises

10. C Preprocessor

#define Statement

#define vs. const

Conditional Compilation include Files Parameterized Macros Advanced Features Summary Answers Programming Exercises

11. Bit Operations

Bit Operators The and Operator (&) Bitwise or (|) The Bitwise Exclusive or (^) The Ones Complement Operator (Not) (~) The Left- and Right-Shift Operators (<<, >>)

Right-Shift Details

Setting, Clearing, and Testing Bits Bitmapped Graphics Answers Programming Exercises

12. Advanced Types

Structures Unions typedef enum Type Casting Bit Fields or Packed Structures Arrays of Structures Summary Programming Exercises

13. Simple Pointers

Pointers as Function Arguments const Pointers Pointers and Arrays How Not to Use Pointers Using Pointers to Split a String Pointers and Structures Command-Line Arguments Programming Exercises Answers

14. File Input/Output

Conversion Routines Binary and ASCII Files The End-of-Line Puzzle Binary I/O Buffering Problems Unbuffered I/O Designing File Formats Answers Programming Exercises

15. Debugging and Optimization

Debugging

Divide and Conquer Debug-Only Code Debug Command-Line Switch Going Through the Output

Interactive Debuggers Debugging a Binary Search Runtime Errors The Confessional Method of Debugging Optimization

The Power of Powers of 2 How to Optimize

Answers Programming Exercises

16. Floating Point

Floating-Point Format Floating Addition/Subtraction Multiplication Division Overflow and Underflow Roundoff Error Accuracy Minimizing Roundoff Error Determining Accuracy Precision and Speed Power Series Programming Exercises

III. Advanced Programming Concepts

17. Advanced Pointers

Pointers and Structures free Function Linked List Structure Pointer Operator Ordered Linked Lists Double-Linked Lists Trees Printing a Tree Rest of Program Data Structures for a Chess Program Answers Programming Exercises

18. Modular Programming

Modules Public and Private The extern Modifier Headers The Body of the Module A Program to Use Infinite Arrays The Makefile for Multiple Files Using the Infinite Array

Makefile for UNIX Generic C Makefile for Free Software Foundation’s gcc Makefile for Turbo C++ Makefile for Borland C++ Makefile for Microsoft Visual C++

Dividing a Task into Modules Module Division Example: Text Editor Compiler Spreadsheet Module Design Guidelines Programming Exercises

19. Ancient Compilers

K&R-Style Functions

Function Prototypes

Library Changes Missing Features Free/Malloc Changes lint Answers

20. Portability Problems

Modularity Word Size Byte Order Problem Alignment Problem NULL Pointer Problem Filename Problems File Types Summary Answers

21. C’s Dustier Corners

do/while goto The ?: Construct The , Operator volatile Qualifier Answer

22. Putting It All Together

Requirements Specification Code Design

Token Module Input Module

How not to design an input module A better input module

Character Type Module Statistics Submodules

Coding Functional Description

ch_type Module in_file Module token Module Line Counter Submodule (lc) Brace Counter Submodule (bc) Parentheses Counter Submodule (pc) Comment Counter Submodule (cc) do_file Procedure

Expandability Testing Revisions A Final Warning Program Files

The in_file.h File The in_file.c File The ch_type.h File The ch_type.c File The token.h File The token.c File The stat.c File UNIX Makefile for CC (Generic Unix) UNIX Makefile for gcc Turbo C++ Makefile Borland C++ Makefile Microsoft Visual C++ Makefile

Programming Exercises

23. Programming Adages

General Design Declarations switch Statement Preprocessor Style Compiling Final Note Answer

IV. Other Language Features

A. ASCII Table B. Ranges and Parameter Passing Conversions

Ranges Automatic Type Conversions to Use When Passing Parameters

C. Operator Precedence Rules

Standard Rules Practical Subset

D. A Program to Compute a Sine Using a Power Series

The sine.c Program

Glossary Index About the Author Colophon SPECIAL OFFER: Upgrade this ebook with O’Reilly

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