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Index
Title
Copyright
Contents
Guide for the user
Glossary of key grammatical terms
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements for the second edition
Acknowledgements for the third edition
Acknowledgements for the fourth edition
1 Nouns
1.1 Types of noun
1.2 Gender
1.3 Number
2 Determiners
2.1 Articles
2.2 Typical uses of the definite article
2.3 Typical uses of the indefinite article
2.4 The partitive article: du, de l', de la, des
2.5 Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms ne ... pas, ne ... jamais, ne ... plus, ne ... guère
2.6 Omission of the article
2.7 Demonstrative determiners
2.8 Possessive determiners
3 Personal and impersonal pronouns
3.1 Subject pronouns
3.2 Object pronouns
3.3 Stressed pronouns
3.4 Demonstrative pronouns
3.5 Possessive pronouns
4 Adjectives
4.1 Adjectives modifying the noun
4.2 Adjectives which follow verbs or verbal expressions
4.3 Adjectives with complements
4.4 Indefinite and negative noun phrases with adjective complements
4.5 Adjectives used as nouns
4.6 Adjectives used as adverbs, and adverbs used as adjectives
4.7 Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives
4.8 Plural forms of adjectives
4.9 Adjective agreement with nouns
4.10 Invariable adjectives
4.11 Compound adjectives
4.12 Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives
4.13 Subjunctive versus indicative in clauses dependent on a superlative adjective
4.14 Absolute use of the superlative
5 Adverbs
5.1 Function of adverbs
5.2 Formation of adverbs with the ending -ment
5.3 Adjectives used as adverbs without addition of -ment
5.4 Phrases used as adverbs
5.5 English and French adverb formation
5.6 Types of adverbs
5.7 Location of adverbs
6 Numbers, measurements, time and quantifiers
6.1 Cardinal numbers
6.2 Ordinal numbers
6.3 Fractions
6.4 Some differences in the use of cardinal and ordinal numbers in French and English
6.5 Measurements and comparisons
6.6 Dates, days, years
6.7 Clock time
6.8 Money
6.9 Quantifiers
7 Verb forms
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Conjugations
7.3 Easy ways of generating some parts of the paradigms
7.4 Changes in the stem form of some -er conjugation verbs
7.5 Verbs whose stems end in c- or g-
7.6 Verb paradigms
8 Verb constructions
8.1 Relations between verbs and their complements
8.2 Intransitive constructions
8.3 Directly transitive verbs
8.4 Indirectly transitive verbs
8.5 Ditransitive verbs
8.6 The passive
8.7 Pronominal verbs
8.8 Impersonal verbs
8.9 Verbs which take noun + adjective or noun + noun complements
9 Verb and participle agreement
9.1 Subject-verb agreement
9.2 Agreement of the past participle with the subject of être
9.3 Agreement of the past participle of verbs conjugated with avoir with a preceding direct object
9.4 Agreement of the past participle of pronominal verbs in compound tenses
10 Tense
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The present
10.3 The past
10.4 The future
10.5 Other tenses indicating the time at which events occur relative to other events
10.6 Combining tenses
10.7 Tenses in direct and reported descriptions of events
10.8 Tenses with si
11 The subjunctive, modal verbs, exclamatives and imperatives
11.1 The attitude of the subject to events: the subjunctive
11.2 The use of devoir, pouvoir, savoir, falloir
11.3 The French equivalents of the English modal verbs: 'would', 'should', 'could', 'may', 'might', 'ought to' and 'must'
11.4 Exclamatives
11.5 Imperatives
12 The infinitive
12.1 Introduction: what are infinitives?
12.2 Infinitives as complements to other verbs
12.3 Verbs which take infinitive complements without a linking preposition
12.4 Verbs which take infinitive complements preceded by the preposition à
12.5 Verbs which take an infinitive complement preceded by de
12.6 Omission of objects before infinitives
12.7 Infinitives as complements to adjectives
12.8 Infinitives as complements to nouns
12.9 Infinitives in subordinate clauses
12.10 Infinitives as polite commands
12.11 Quick-reference index to verbs taking infinitive complements
13 Prepositions
13.1 Introduction
13.2-13.58 Prepositions listed alphabetically from à to vers
13.59 French translations for common English prepositions
14 Question formation
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Yes/no questions
14.3 Information questions
14.4 Order of object pronouns in questions involving inversion
14.5 Order of negative particles in questions involving inversion
14.6 Use of question words and phrases: qui?, que?, quoi?, quel?, de qui?, avec combien de? etc.
14.7 Indirect questions
15 Relative clauses
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Use of relative qui
15.3 Use of relative que
15.4 Preposition plus qui
15.5 Use of lequel in relative clauses
15.6 Use of dont, de qui, duquel/de laquelle/desquels/desquelles
15.7 The use of où as a relative pronoun
15.8 Use of relative quoi
15.9 Free relative clauses and the use of ce qui, ce que, ce dont, ce à quoi, ce sur quoi, etc.
15.10 Translating 'whoever', 'whatever', 'wherever', 'whenever', 'however'
15.11 Indicative and subjunctive in relative clauses
16 Negation
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Location of sentence negators
16.3 Order of negators in multiple negation
16.4 Omission of ne in sentence negation
16.5 Order of negative elements in questions and imperatives
16.6 ne... pas
16.7 ne... que
16.8 ne ... aucun(e), ne ... nul(le)
16.9 ne ... jamais
16.10 ne ... plus
16.11 ne ... guère
16.12 ne ... rien
16.13 ne ... personne
16.14 ne ... ni ... ni
16.15 sans used with other negators
16.16 ne used alone
17 Conjunctions and other linking constructions
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Coordinating conjunctions
17.3 Subordinating conjunctions
17.4 Conjunctions sometimes confused by English speakers
17.5 Repeated subordinating conjunctions
17.6 Subordinating conjunctions used with infinitive clauses
17.7 après avoir/être + past participle linking an infinitive clause to a main clause
17.8 Past participle phrases used as linkers
17.9 Present participles and gerunds
Appendix
Bibliography
Index
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