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Index
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Concordance of Place Names
List of Maps
Maps
List of Illustrations
Introduction
CHAPTER I HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: FROM THE CONQUEST OF THE PRUSSEN BY THE TEUTONIC ORDER TO THE EVE OF WORLD WAR II
A. Conquest of the Prussen by the Order of the Teutonic Knights: 1230–1283
B. Rule of East Prussia by the Teutonic Order: 1283–1525
C. The Duchy of Prussia: 1525–1701
D. Kingdom of Prussia: 1701–1815
E. From the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to World War I
F. From the Versailles Treaty of 1919 to the Eve of World War II in 1939
CHAPTER II PRELUDE TO THE END OF EAST PRUSSIA
A. Germany’s Invasion of Poland and Russia: Sowing the Seeds for Revenge
B. An Island of Comparative Calm before the Storm
C. The War Comes Home: The Bombing of Königsberg in August 1944
CHAPTER III THE BATTLE OF EAST PRUSSIA AND THE FLIGHT FROM THE RED ARMY
A. The Center Does Not Hold
B. Two Incursions into East Prussia in the Fall of 1944
C. The Invasion of East Prussia and the Flight from the Red Army in January 1945
D. The End of Königsberg
E. The End of East Prussia
CHAPTER IV THE BRUTAL BEHAVIOR OF SOVIET TROOPS: WHY DID THIS HAPPEN?
A. German Eyewitness Reports of Rape
B. Soviet Accounts of Rape and Pillage by the Red Army
C. What Explains the Brutal Behavior of Soviet Troops?
1. Nazi Atrocities in the Soviet Union
2. The Soviet Campaign to Incite Hatred of the Germans
D. How Soviet Troops Behaved in Budapest and Soviet-Occupied Germany
CHAPTER V THE SINKING OF THE WILHELM GUSTLOFF AND THE MASSACRE OF JEWS AT PALMNICKEN
A. The Sinking of the Gustloff
B. The Massacre at Palmnicken
CHAPTER VI THE FATE OF EAST PRUSSIANS UNDER RUSSIAN AND POLISH RULE
A. The Immediate Aftermath of the Soviet Victory in Königsberg
B. The Forced Marches out of Königsberg in April 1945
C. The Internment Camp at Rothenstein
D. The Return of Refugees to East Prussia
E. Deportations to the Soviet Union
F. Survival—or Extinction—in East Prussia under Russian Rule
1. A Death in Königsberg
2. Conditions in the Hospitals in Königsberg
3. Escape to Lithuania
G. Conditions Facing Germans in Polish East Prussia from 1945 to 1950
H. Deportation of the East Prussians from Their Homeland
1. Expulsions from Russian East Prussia
2. Expulsions of Germans from the Polish Part of East Prussia
CHAPTER VII DECIDING THE FATE OF EAST PRUSSIA
A. Polish Views on East Prussia before the First Conference of World War II Allies at Teheran
B. Views of the Allies Regarding East Prussia before Teheran
C. Preparations for the Teheran Conference
D. The Teheran Conference: November 28–December 1, 1943
E. The Aftermath of the Teheran Conference
F. The Yalta Conference: February 4–11, 1945
G. The Potsdam Conference (July 17–August 2, 1945) and the Expulsion of Germans from the Territory Ceded to Poland
1. Sealing the Fate of East Prussia
2. The Decision on Poland’s Western Borders
3. The Expulsion of German Minorities in Eastern Europe to Germany
H. Concluding Observations
Bibliography
Map and Illustration Credits
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
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