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Index
Copyright and publication details
Foreword by Dr Alexander Mustard
About the author and acknowledgements
How to use this book
Introduction
Composition
The Big Picture and Why Composition Matters: Aesthetics and Photographic Intent
What makes a good picture?
Searching for kingfisher moments
Elements of photographic design
Subject Selection: The Right Things in the Right Frame at the Right Time
Before you dive
Observation: interacting thoughtfully with the environment
Skittish subjects
Visualising your image — getting into the zone
Capitalising on chance opportunities
Exploiting the full potential of a subject
Light
Why light dominates photography
Properties of light
Natural light
Artificial light
Balanced light
Viewpoint
Angle
Viewfinder
Eyes
Distortion
Image Depth Perspective
Background fish
Background diver
Layers everywhere
Head-on
Wrecks
Background and Space
Boats
Contrast
Context
Space
Lines, Shapes and Vectors: Real and Perceived
Gestalt perception
Graphic elements
Contrasts
Light and dark
Potential underwater contrasts
Colour
Colour systems
Colour spaces
Combining colour in composition
Greyscale
Organising the Whole Picture
Reference frames
Organization of objects within an image: position and balance
Composition techniques
Visual weight and balance
Closing thoughts
Easy-to-remember reference models for underwater composition
The Reference Models
1: Shipwreck in colour
2: Shipwreck in monochrome
3: Silhouette
4: Fish school
5: Frame within a frame
6: Coral reef at dusk
7: Big animal
8: Frame-filling subject
9: Character and behaviour
10: Movement
11: Reflections
12: Forced perspective
Advanced techniques to improve your composition
Understanding Dynamic Range
Sensors and pixels
Indications and adjustments
Natural Light Photography
The necessary minimum theory
In practice
Sunbeams
Advantages and disadvantages
Caves and swim-throughs
Remote Lighting Techniques
Basic equipment
Typical opportunities
Split Level Images
Composition and image format
Subject selection and other aspects of composition
Optimum conditions and equipment
Managing the dome, aperture, shutter and ISO
Selected techniques: the importance of the horizon and managing the dynamic range
Post-processing
Post-production techniques to fine tune your composition
Rescuing Composition Errors and Enhancing Good Composition
Example work flow
Image Manipulation
Making selections
Layers and blending
Masks
Demonstration projects
Glossary
Index
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