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INTRODUCTION
PHILOSOPHICAL ROOTS • PSYCHOLOGY IN THE MAKING
The four temperaments of personality • Galen
There is a reasoning soul in this machine • Descartes
Dormez! • Abbé Faria
Concepts become forces when they resist oneanother • Johann Friedrich Herbart
Be that self which one truly is • Søren Kierkegaard
Personality is composed of nature and nurture • Francis Galton
The laws of hysteria are universal • Jean-Martin Charcot
A peculiar destruction of the internal connections of the psyche • Emil Kraepelin
The beginnings of the mental life date from the beginnings of life • Wilhelm Wundt
We know the meaning of “consciousness” so long as no one asks us to define it • William James
Adolescence is a new birth • G. Stanley Hall
24 hours after learning something, we forget two-thirds of it • Hermann Ebbinghaus
The intelligence of an individual is not a fixed quantity • Alfred Binet
The unconscious sees the men behind the curtains • Pierre Janet
BEHAVIORISM • RESPONDING TO OUR ENVIRONMENT
The sight of tasty food makes a hungry man’s mouth water • Ivan Pavlov
Profitless acts are stamped out • Edward Thorndike
Anyone, regardless of their nature, can be trained to be anything • John B. Watson
That great God-given maze which is our human world • Edward Tolman
Once a rat has visited our grain sack we can plan on its return • Edwin Guthrie
Nothing is more natural than for the cat to “love” the rat • Zing-Yang Kuo
Learning is just not possible • Karl Lashley
Imprinting cannot be forgotten! • Konrad Lorenz
Behavior is shaped by positive and negative reinforcement • B.F. Skinner
Stop imagining the scene and relax • Joseph Wolpe
PSYCHOTHERAPY • THE UNCONSCIOUS DETERMINES BEHAVIOR
The unconscious is the true psychical reality • Sigmund Freud
The neurotic carries a feeling of inferiority with him constantly • Alfred Adler
The collective unconscious is made up of archetypes • Carl Jung
The struggle between the life and death instincts persists throughout life • Melanie Klein
The tyranny of the “shoulds” • Karen Horney
The superego becomes clear only when it confronts the ego with hostility • Anna Freud
Truth can be tolerated only if you discover it yourself • Fritz Perls
It is notoriously inadequate to take an adopted child into one’s home and love him • Donald Winnicott
The unconscious is the discourse of the Other • Jacques Lacan
Man’s main task is to give birth to himself • Erich Fromm
The good life is a process not a state of being • Carl Rogers
What a man can be, he must be • Abraham Maslow
Suffering ceases to be suffering at the moment it finds a meaning • Viktor Frankl
One does not become fully human painlessly • Rollo May
Rational beliefs create healthy emotional consequences • Albert Ellis
The family is the “factory” where people are made • Virginia Satir
Turn on, tune in, drop out • Timothy Leary
Insight may cause blindness • Paul Watzlawick
Madness need not be all breakdown. It may also be break-through • R.D. Laing
Our history does not determine our destiny • Boris Cyrulnik
Only good people get depressed • Dorothy Rowe
Fathers are subject to a rule of silence • Guy Corneau
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY • THE CALCULATING BRAIN
Instinct is a dynamic pattern • Wolfgang Köhler
Interruption of a task greatly improves its chances of being remembered • Bluma Zeigarnik
When a baby hears footsteps, an assembly is excited • Donald Hebb
Knowing is a process not a product • Jerome Bruner
A man with conviction is a hard man to change • Leon Festinger
The magical number 7, plus or minus 2 • George Armitage Miller
There’s more to the surface than meets the eye • Aaron Beck
We can listen to only one voice at once • Donald Broadbent
Time’s arrow is bent into a loop • Endel Tulving
Perception is externally guided hallucination • Roger N. Shepard
We are constantly on the lookout for causal connections • Daniel Kahneman
Events and emotion are stored in memory together • Gordon H. Bower
Emotions are a runaway train • Paul Ekman
Ecstasy is a step into an alternative reality • Mihály Csíkszentmihályi
Happy people are extremely social • Martin Seligman
What we believe with all our hearts is not necessarily the truth • Elizabeth Loftus
The seven sins of memory • Daniel Schacter
One is not one’s thoughts • Jon Kabat-Zinn
The fear is that biology will debunk all that we hold sacred • Steven Pinker
Compulsive behavior rituals are attempts to control intrusive thoughts • Paul Salkovskis
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY • BEING IN A WORLD OF OTHERS
You cannot understand a system until you try to change it • Kurt Lewin
How strong is the urge toward social conformity? • Solomon Asch
Life is a dramatically enacted thing • Erving Goffman
The more you see it, the more you like it • Robert Zajonc
Who likes competent women? • Janet Taylor Spence
Flashbulb memories are fired by events of high emotionality • Roger Brown
The goal is not to advance knowledge, but to be in the know • Serge Moscovici
We are, by nature, social beings • William Glasser
We believe people get what they deserve • Melvin Lerner
People who do crazy things are not necessarily crazy • Elliot Aronson
People do what they are told to do • Stanley Milgram
What happens when you put good people in an evil place? • Philip Zimbardo
Trauma must be understood in terms of the relationship between the individual and society • Ignacio Martín-Baró
DEVELOPMENTAL PHILOSOPHY • FROM INFANT TO ADULT
The goal of education is to create men and women who are capable of doing new things • Jean Piaget
We become ourselves through others • Lev Vygotsky
A child is not beholden to any particular parent • Bruno Bettelheim
Anything that grows has a ground plan • Erik Erikson
Early emotional bonds are an integral part of human nature • John Bowlby
Contact comfort is overwhelmingly important • Harry Harlow
We prepare children for a life about whose course we know nothing • Françoise Dolto
A sensitive mother creates a secure attachment • Mary Ainsworth
Who teaches a child to hate and fear a member of another race? • Kenneth Clark
Girls get better grades than boys • Eleanor E. Maccoby
Most human behavior is learned through modeling • Albert Bandura
Morality develops in six stages • Lawrence Kohlberg
The language organ grows like any other body organ • Noam Chomsky
Autism is an extreme form of the male brain • Simon Baron-Cohen
PSYCHOLOGY OF DIFFERENCE • PERSONALITY AND INTELLIGENCE
Name as many uses as you can think of for a toothpick • J.P. Guilford
Did Robinson Crusoe lack personality traits before the advent of Friday? • Gordon Allport
General intelligence consists of both fluid and crystallized intelligence • Raymond Cattell
There is an association between insanity and genius • Hans J. Eysenck
Three key motivations drive performance • David C. McClelland
Emotion is an essentially unconscious process • Nico Frijda
Behavior without environmental cues would be absurdly chaotic • Walter Mischel
We cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in psychiatric hospitals • David Rosenhan
The three faces of Eve • Thigpen & Cleckley
DIRECTORY
GLOSSARY
CONTRIBUTORS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
COPYRIGHT
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