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Index
Cover
Title Page
Table of Contents
Preface to Second Edition
Preface to First Edition
Conventions and Commonly used Abbreviations
Naming conventions for genes and proteins
Commonly used abbreviations
Significance of bold and blue bold terms
Introduction
Major Components of the Adult Human Brain
About the Companion Website
1 Models and Methods for Studying Neural Development
1.1 What is neural development?
1.2 Why research neural development?
1.3 Major breakthroughs that have contributed to understanding developmental mechanisms
1.4 Invertebrate model organisms
1.5 Vertebrate model organisms
1.6 Observation and experiment: methods for studying neural development
1.7 Summary
2 The Anatomy of Developing Nervous Systems
2.1 The nervous system develops from the embryonic neuroectoderm
2.2 Anatomical terms used to describe locations in embryos
2.3 Development of the neuroectoderm of invertebrates
2.4 Development of the neuroectoderm of vertebrates and the process of neurulation
2.5 Secondary neurulation in vertebrates
2.6 Formation of invertebrate and vertebrate peripheral nervous systems
2.7 Summary
3 Neural Induction: An Example of How Intercellular Signalling Determines Cell Fates
3.1 What is neural induction?
3.2 Specification and commitment
3.3 The discovery of neural induction
3.4 A more recent breakthrough: identifying molecules that mediate neural induction
3.5 Conservation of neural induction mechanisms in Drosophila
3.6 Beyond the default model – other signalling pathways involved in neural induction
3.7 Signal transduction: how cells respond to intercellular signals
3.8 Intercellular signalling regulates gene expression
3.9 The essence of development: a complex interplay of intercellular and intracellular signalling
3.10 Summary
4 Patterning the Neuroectoderm
4.1 Regional patterning of the nervous system
4.2 Patterning the anteroposterior (AP) axis of the Drosophila CNS
4.3 Patterning the AP axis of the vertebrate CNS
4.4 Local patterning in Drosophila: refining neural patterning within segments
4.5 Local patterning in the vertebrate nervous system
4.6 Summary
5 Neurogenesis: Generating Neural Cells
5.1 Generating neural cells
5.2 Neurogenesis in Drosophila
5.3 Neurogenesis in vertebrates
5.4 The regulation of neuronal subtype identity
5.5 The regulation of cell proliferation during neurogenesis
5.6 Temporal regulation of neural identity
5.7 Why do we need to know about neurogenesis?
5.8 Summary
6 How Neurons Develop Their Shapes
6.1 Neurons form two specialized types of outgrowth
6.2 The growing neurite
6.3 Stages of neurite outgrowth
6.4 Neurite outgrowth is influenced by a neuron’s surroundings
6.5 Molecular responses in the growth cone
6.6 Active transport along the axon is important for outgrowth
6.7 The developmental regulation of neuronal polarity
6.8 Dendrites
6.9 Summary
7 Neuronal Migration
7.1 Many neurons migrate long distances during formation of the nervous system
7.2 How can neuronal migration be observed?
7.3 Major modes of migration
7.4 Initiation of migration
7.5 How are migrating cells guided to their destinations?
7.6 Locomotion
7.7 Journey’s end – termination of migration
7.8 Embryonic cerebral cortex contains both radially and tangentially migrating cells
7.9 Summary
8 Axon Guidance
8.1 Many axons navigate long and complex routes
8.2 Contact guidance
8.3 Guidance of axons by diffusible cues – chemotropism
8.4 How do axons change their behaviour at choice points?
8.5 How can such a small number of cues guide such a large number of axons?
8.6 Some axons form specific connections over very short distances, probably using different mechanisms
8.7 The growth cone has autonomy in its ability to respond to guidance cues
8.8 Transcription factors regulate axon guidance decisions
8.9 Summary
9 Life and Death in the Developing Nervous System
9.1 The frequency and function of cell death during normal development
9.2 Cells die in one of two main ways: apoptosis or necrosis
9.3 Studies in invertebrates have taught us much about how cells kill themselves
9.4 Most of the genes that regulate programmed cell death in C. elegans are conserved in vertebrates
9.5 Examples of neurodevelopmental processes in which programmed cell death plays a prominent role
9.6 Neurotrophic factors are important regulators of cell survival and death
9.7 A role for electrical activity in regulating programmed cell death
9.8 Summary
10 Map Formation
10.1 What are maps?
10.2 Types of maps
10.3 Principles of map formation
10.4 Development of coarse maps: cortical areas
10.5 Development of fine maps: topographic
10.6 Inputs from multiple structures: when maps collide
10.7 Development of feature maps
10.8 Summary
11 Maturation of Functional Properties
11.1 Neurons are excitable cells
11.2 Neuronal excitability during development
11.3 Developmental processes regulated by neuronal excitability
11.4 Synaptogenesis
11.5 Spinogenesis
11.6 Summary
12 Experience‐Dependent Development
12.1 Effects of experience on visual system development
12.2 How does experience change functional connectivity?
12.3 Cellular basis of plasticity: development of inhibitory networks
12.4 Homeostatic plasticity
12.5 Structural plasticity and the role of the extracellular matrix
12.6 Summary
Glossary
Index
End User License Agreement
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