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Index
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Preface
Boy, Was This Fun!
What Is This Book For?
Conventions Used in This Book
Comments and Questions
Acknowledgments
1. What Are SANs and NAS?
1.1. From SCSI to SANs
1.2. What Is a SAN?
1.3. Backup and Recovery: Before SANs
1.3.1. Things Got Better; Then They Got Worse
1.3.2. Enter the SAN
1.4. From NFS and SMB to NAS
1.4.1. SMB/CIFS
1.4.2. NFS
1.4.3. NFS and CIFS: Before NAS
1.4.4. Enter NAS
1.5. SAN Versus NAS: A Summary
1.6. Which Is Right for You?
1.6.1. The Pros and Cons of NAS
1.6.2. Pros and Cons of SANs
1.6.3. It All Depends on Your Environment
2. Fibre Channel Architecture
2.1. Fibre Channel: An Overview
2.1.1. Why Fibre Channel?
2.1.2. What Is Fibre Channel?
2.2. Fibre Channel Ports
2.2.1. Addressing
2.3. Fibre Channel Topologies
2.3.1. Point-to-Point
2.3.2. Fabric
2.3.3. Arbitrated Loop
2.3.4. FC-AL Versus Fabric
2.3.5. Combining Fabric and Arbitrated Loop Topologies
2.4. SAN Building Blocks
2.4.1. Servers
2.4.2. Host Bus Adapters (HBAs)
2.4.3. Switches
2.4.4. Hubs
2.4.5. Hub Switches
2.4.6. Routers and Bridges
2.4.7. Disk Systems
2.4.8. Cabling
2.4.9. Software
2.5. Fibre Channel and SANs: A Summary
3. Managing a SAN
3.1. The Different Uses for SANs
3.1.1. Large, High-Performance Databases
3.1.2. Filesystems with Many, Many Files
3.1.3. Databases Requiring Raw Device Access
3.1.4. Vendors That Don't (or Won't) Support NAS
3.2. SAN Issues to Be Managed
3.2.1. Multiple Paths to a Single Device
3.2.2. Multiple Servers Accessing the Same Device
3.2.3. Storage Devices with Changing Addresses
3.2.4. Lack of Interoperability
3.3. Access to Storage Resources
3.3.1. Storage Virtualization
3.3.2. Implementations of Virtualization
3.3.3. Zoning
3.3.4. LUN Masking
3.3.5. Designing Your SAN for Availability
3.3.6. Multipathing
3.3.7. Persistent Binding
3.4. Ongoing Maintenance
3.4.1. Managing (Storage Resource Management)
3.4.2. Monitoring
3.4.3. Maintenance
3.5. Using SANs to Maximize Your Storage
3.5.1. Online Storage Maximization
3.5.2. Is This for Real?
3.5.3. Offline Storage Maximization
3.5.4. Online and Offline Storage Maximization Combined
3.5.5. Truly Highly Available Systems
3.6. Summary
4. SAN Backup and Recovery
4.1. Overview
4.2. LAN-Free Backups
4.2.1. How Does This Work?
4.2.2. Levels of Drive Sharing
4.2.3. Restores
4.2.4. Other Ways to Share Tape Drives
4.2.5. A Variation on the Theme
4.2.6. Problems with LAN-Free Backups
4.3. Client-Free Backups
4.3.1. How Client-Free Backups Work
4.3.2. Backing Up the Backup Mirror
4.3.3. Client-Free Recovery
4.3.4. Other Variations on the Theme
4.4. Server-Free Backups
4.4.1. Look, Ma, No Server
4.4.2. Server-Free Restores
4.4.3. Advantages and Disadvantages
4.5. LAN-Free, Client-Free, or Server-Free?
5. NAS Architecture
5.1. What's Wrong with Standard NFS and CIFS?
5.1.1. Usability
5.1.2. Manageability
5.1.3. Performance
5.1.4. Availability
5.1.5. Scalability
5.1.6. Enter Network Attached Storage
5.2. NFS and CIFS Advances
5.2.1. Advances in NFS
5.2.2. CIFS Advances
5.3. System Architecture Advances
5.3.1. Streamlining the Process
5.3.2. Making It Even Better
5.4. High Availability and Scalability
5.5. Low Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
5.5.1. Low Individual Component Cost
5.5.2. Single Server for NFS, CIFS, and HTTP Services
5.6. Ease of Maintenance
5.6.1. Multiprotocol Servers
5.6.2. Simplified Management
5.6.3. Simplified Physical Architecture
5.7. Ease of Use
6. Managing NAS
6.1. The Different Uses for NAS
6.1.1. Data Consolidation
6.1.2. Internet Applications
6.1.3. Business Applications
6.2. Installing a Filer
6.2.1. Network Setup
6.2.2. Operating System Installation
6.3. Configuring a Filer
6.3.1. Configuration Interfaces
6.3.2. Configuration Files and Scripting
6.3.3. Configuration Security
6.3.4. Configuring the Storage
6.3.5. Configuring the Network Interfaces
6.3.6. Configuring the Network Protocols
6.3.7. Configuring Authentication/Directory Services
6.4. Applications
6.4.1. Home Directories
6.4.2. Email
6.4.3. Databases
6.5. Data Migration
6.5.1. Migration from Distributed Local Storage to NAS
6.5.2. Migration Between Filers
6.6. Maintenance
6.6.1. Hardware Failure
6.6.2. Hardware Upgrades
6.6.3. Onsite Spares
6.6.4. Software Failure
6.6.5. Software Upgrade
6.7. Monitoring, Analyzing, and Reporting
6.7.1. Monitoring: Built-in Tools
6.7.2. Network Management Tools: Vendor-Supplied
6.7.3. Network Management Tools: Generic
6.7.4. Storage Resource Management (SRM)
6.8. Performance Tuning
6.8.1. Measuring Performance
6.8.2. Measurement Tools
7. NAS Backup and Recovery
7.1. Snapshots and Mirroring
7.1.1. Snapshots
7.1.2. Server-to-Server Mirroring
7.1.3. They Work Together
7.2. Native Utilities
7.3. NFS/CIFS
7.3.1. Issues with NFS/CIFS Backups of Filers
7.4. Push Agent Software
7.5. NDMP
7.5.1. The History of NDMP
7.5.2. What Is NDMP?
7.5.3. Definition of Terms
7.5.4. Using NDMP
7.6. What About LAN-Free, Client-Free, and Server-Free Backup?
7.7. Database Backup and Recovery
7.8. Benefits Summary
A. Disruptive Technologies
A.1. DAFS: Direct Access File System
A.2. VI: Virtual Interface
A.3. InfiniBand
A.4. iSCSI
B. RAID Levels
B.1. RAID 0
B.2. RAID 1
B.3. RAID 0+1
B.4. RAID 1+0 (RAID 10)
B.5. RAID 2
B.6. RAID 3
B.7. RAID 4 and RAID 5
Index
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