Between History and Spirit by Keener, Craig S. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Between History and Spirit

The Apostolic Witness of the Book of Acts Craig S. Keener Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments Abbreviations

Gentile Greco-Roman sources Achilles Tatius Aelian (Claudius Aelianus) Aelius Aristides/Ael. Arist. Aeschines Aeschylus Alciphron Anacharsis Aphthonius Apollodorus Apollonius of Rhodes/Ap. Rhod. Appian Apuleius Aristophanes Aristotle Arius Didymus Arrian Athenaeus Aulus Gellius Babrius Caesar, Julius Callimachus Catullus Chariton Cicero Cornelius Nepos/Corn. Nep. Crates Demetrius Phalereus Demosthenes Dio Cassius Dio Chrysostom Diodorus Siculus Diogenes Diogenes Laertius Dionysius of Halicarnassus Epictetus Eunapius Euripides Fronto, Marcus Cornelius Gaius Galen Heliodorus Heraclitus Hermogenes Herodian Herodotus Hesiod Hippocrates (Hippocratic Corpus) Homer Horace Iamblichus Chalcidensis Iamblichus (novelist) Isaeus Isocrates Juvenal Libanius Livy Longinus Lucan Lucian Lucretius Lysias Macarius Magnes/Porphyry Macrobius Manetho Manilius Marcus Aurelius Martial Maximus of Tyre Menander Menander Rhetor (of Laodicea) Musonius Rufus (Lutz ed.) Ovid Parthenius Paulus, Julius Pausanias Petronius Phaedrus Philodemus Philostratus, Flavius (the Athenian) Philostratus the Elder Philostratus the Younger Pindar Plato Pliny the Elder Pliny the Younger Plutarch Polybius Porphyry Proclus Propertius Pseudo-Callisthenes Ptolemy Publilius Syrus Quintilian (and Ps.-Quintilian) Quintus Curtius Rufus Sallust Seneca the Elder Seneca the Younger Sextus Empiricus Silius Italicus Socrates Sophocles Soranus Statius Stobaeus Strabo Suetonius Symmachus Tacitus Terence Theon, Aelius Theophrastus Thucydides Ulpian Valerius Flaccus Valerius Maximus Varro Velleius Paterculus Virgil Vitruvius Xenophon Xenophon of Ephesus

Other Ancient and Medieval Sources

(Untitled) Papyri, Inscriptions, and Fragment Collections (Untitled) Old Testament Apocrypha (Untitled) Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Josephus Philo of Alexandria Targumic Texts

(Untitled) Mishnah, Talmud, and Related Literature

(Untitled) Babylonian Talmud Other Rabbinic Works Abbreviations: Early Christian Sources Ambrosiaster Arator Athenagoras Augustine Bede, the Venerable Cyril of Jerusalem Eusebius Irenaeus John Cassian John Chrysostom Justin Martyr Origen Photius Quadratus Rufinus Sulpicius Severus Tatian Tertullian Theophilus of Antioch

Modern Abbreviations

Luke-Acts and the Historical Jesus

Biography and History Ancient Historiography Evaluating Luke’s Historiographic Practice Sources Luke’s Acquaintance with the Information

First-Person Claims in Acts and in Ancient History

Questioning “We” as a Historical Claim Acts’ Anonymity? What Historians Meant By “We” Other Meanings of the First-Person Plural? Usage Varied Keeping the Focus on Paul

3 Paul and Sedition

Pauline Apologetic in Acts

Acts and Apologetic Apologetic Historiography Charges Against Paul Paul’s Cumulative History with Riots Reversing Charges in Ancient Rhetoric Reversal of Charges in a Pauline Forensic Speech History and Apologetic in Luke’s Reversal of Charges Josephus’s Appeal to Favorable Decrees Luke’s Appeal to Favorable Verdicts

The Church’s Disputed Growth Rate in Acts (Acts 2:41; 4:4; 21:20)

Luke’s Figures Enough Water for three thousand Baptisms in 2:41? Inflating numbers in Antiquity Jerusalem’s population estimates Are Rapid Growth Rates Feasible? Growth Spurts and People Movements The Real Historical Problem Conclusion

5 A Novel Official in Acts 8:27?

Comparing Acts and Ancient Novels Information and Myths Exotic Analogies A Meroitic Treasurer Queen Candace Mediterranean Perspectives on Candace The Official’s Communication with Philip

Were Troops Really Stationed in Caesarea During Agrippa’s Rule?

During Agrippa’s Rule? Soldiers in Caesarea Cornelius’s local connections A retired soldier? Conclusion

Dionysius or Stephanas

Did Paul Reach Athenians?

Interethnic Marriages in Acts 7:29 and 16:1–3

Timothy’s Situation Views of Intermarriage Timothy’s Status The Wider Setting of Lukan and Pauline Perspectives

Irony and Figurative Language

Inverted Guilt in Acts 7:55–60 and Paul’s Vote in Acts 26:10

Turning from Idols in Acts 14:15–17

Jewish Views Gentile Concerns About Traditional Polytheism Heaven, Earth, and Sea God Testified Through Nature (Acts 14:16–17)

Between Asia and Europe

Postcolonial Mission in Acts 16:8–10

How Were Asiarchs Paul’s Friends (Acts 19:31)?

Patrons as friends Honor for Sponsors of Religious Associations Paul’s Obligations to Avoid Dishonoring Patrons

One New Temple

Acts 21 as the Backdrop for Eph 2:11–22

Some Rhetorical Techniques in Acts 24:2–21

The Captatio (24:2–3) Promise of Brevity (24:4) Exaggeration (24:5) Altered Charges (24:5–6) The Charge of Seditio (24:5) Invitation to Investigate (24:8) Assertions by High-Status Accusers (24:9) Paul’s Praise of Felix (24:10) Worship Twelve Days Earlier (24:11) Not Stirring Unrest (24:12) Unable to Prove Their Charges (24:13) Arguments From Probability Admitting a Non-Crime (24:14) Paul’s Fidelity to His Jewish Heritage and Faith (24:14–18) Failure of Witnesses to Appear (24:19) His Opponents’ Inconsistency (24:20–21)

15 Insanity, Inspiration or Intellect

Paul’s Madness in Acts 26:24–25

The “Madness” of Inspiration Philosophic “Madness”

Fever and Dysentery in Acts 28:8 and Ancient Medicine

The Ailments in Modern Terms Fevers Dysentery Treatments For Fever Treatments For Dysentery Paranormal Healing

Miracles and History in Acts and the Jesus Tradition

Potential contributions of such analogies Ancient sources about Jesus Strauss and Bultmann Widespread miracle beliefs and claims Experiences that convince non-Christians Not only from the scientifically naïve Eyewitnesses’ accounts Cures of blindness Resuscitations Nature miracles Conclusion

18 Power of Pentecost

Luke’s Missiology in Acts 1–2

Incipient Eschatology Prophetic Empowerment

Tongues as Evidence of the Character of Spirit’s Empowerment in Acts 2:4

Prophetic Speech in 1:8; 2:4, 17–18 Cross-cultural Inspired Speech in 1:8; 2:4

Acts 16:16–18, 19:12–16, and Spirit Possession in Modern Anthropology

An Anthropological Approach The Pervasiveness of Possession Beliefs and Behavior Cultural Variations Spirits, Religion, Illness, and Prophecy Interpreting such Experiences Violent expressions of possession Some ancient accounts of possession Conclusion

A Spirit-Filled Teaching Ministry in Acts 19:9

Ministry in the Spirit The Nature of Paul’s Teaching Activity in Acts 19:9 Paul as a Christian thinker How Plausible is Luke’s Portrait? Paul’s Teaching and Support Paul’s Influence (19:10) Conclusion

Anticipating Ancient African Christianity

The Identity of the Nubian Official Christian Nubia Nubia and Egypt Nubia’s Collapse

Reviews of Some Acts-focused Works

Bibliography

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