[Penguin History of Europe 05] • Christendom Destroyed · Europe 1517-1648 by Greengrass, Mark -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Dedication List of Maps List of Illustrations List of Genealogies Introduction Christendom Destroyed

1. The Fall of Western Christendom

THE IMPACT OF THE RENAISSANCE THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH THE SURVIVAL OF CHRISTENDOM THE WANING OF CRUSADE THE HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR DYNASTIC PRINCES CHRISTIAN COMMONWEALTHS AND POST-REFORMATION RELIGIOUS CONFLICT EUROPE’S PAROXYSM THE WORLD AND THE DISCOVERY OF EUROPE IMAGINING EUROPE EUROPE’S INFORMATION DYNAMICS THE ‘SILVER AGE’ AND ITS AFTERMATH

FROM THE ‘SILVER AGE’ TO THE ‘IRON CENTURY’

2. Human Replenishment

CHRISTENDOM’S MATERIAL FOUNDATIONS NAMES ON A PAGE MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THE RED HORSE, THE DARK HORSE AND THE PALE HORSE EUROPE’S REPLENISHMENT AND GLOBAL COOLING

3. Urban and Rural Worlds

URBAN SPACES MIGRATION AND MOBILITY PLOUGH AND SPADE LAND AND EXPLOITATION SHUTTLING BETWEEN TOWN AND COUNTRY POVERTY AND SOCIAL CONSCIENCE POPULAR PROTEST

4. Treasure and Transaction

SUBTERRANEAN TREASURE GOLD AND SILVER SILVER, TRADE AND WAR TRADE AND CREDIT INFRASTRUCTURES RIDING THE WAVE

5. Noble Pursuits

THE FORTUNES OF CHIVALRY MARKS OF DISTINCTION PEDIGREE LIVING NOBLY NOBLES BY NUMBERS NOBLE FORTUNES Domain Triumphs

GRASPING THE WORLD

6. Europe in the World

EMPIRE OF THE WORLD AGENTS OF EMPIRE THE SONS OF NOAH THE EUROPEAN EAST EUROPE IN THE MIRROR OF THE WORLD

7. Earth and Heavens Observed

NATURE AND DIVERSITY MONSTERS, MARVELS AND MAGIC THE ALCHEMICAL REFORMATION SEEING AND BELIEVING THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING COPERNICAN COSMOLOGY A MECHANICAL VISION

8. Being in Touch

THE KNOWLEDGE HORIZON THE POWER OF CARTOGRAPHY THE SCIENCE OF TRAVEL WRITING, READING, COUNTING A GOOD EDUCATION ‘POST-HASTE’ BOOKS SEEKING READERS LANGUAGES AND COMMUNITIES THE POWER OF IMAGES

CHRISTENDOM AFFLICTED

9. Politics and Empire in the Age of Charles V

CHRISTENDOM’S FRAGILITY POLITICAL CONFIGURATIONS OLDER CONFLICTS AND THEIR LEGACIES CHARLES V’S IMPERIUM: MYTH AND REALITY THE ‘GREAT MONARCHY’ OF FRANCE HABSBURG–VALOIS CONFRONTATION CHRISTENDOM AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE MONSTROUS REGIMENT

10. Schism

THE COMING OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE SWISS CONFEDERATION CHRISTENDOM’S SACRAL LANDSCAPE LUTHER’S WAY BATTLES OF THE BOOKS THE LUTHER AFFAIR THE PROCESSES OF REFORMATION THE POLITICS OF THE LUTHERAN REFORMATION PROTESTANT DIVISIONS

11. Reaction, Repression, Reform

TARES AMONG THE WHEAT LIVING JUSTIFIED BEFORE THE PLACARDS … AND AFTER JEAN CALVIN AND GENEVA FAILED REPRESSION, RETARDED REFORMATION THE RHINELAND AND THE NETHERLANDS: MAGISTRATES, REFUGEES, REVOLUTION REFORMATION IMPORTS

CHRISTIAN COMMONWEALTHS IN CONTENTION

12. Conflicts in the Name of God

CHRISTENDOM’S NEW FRONTIERS CHRISTIAN COMMONWEALTHS IN STATE AND CHURCH WARS OF RELIGION RELIGION AND POLEMIC THE ‘YEAR OF WONDER’ IN THE NETHERLANDS AND A TIME OF TROUBLES MASSACRES IN FRANCE AND AN UNREALIZABLE PEACE HUGUENOTS AND BEGGARS AT SEA IN HELL’S DESPAIR THE SPANISH MONARCHY AND ITS DOMINIONS THE CATHOLIC LEAGUE IN FRANCE RELIGION AND POLITICS PATRIA AND RELIGION

13. Living with Religious Divisions

CONVICTION AND CONFORMITY LIVING TOGETHER APART IN SWISS AND GERMAN LANDS RELIGION AND THE RES PUBLICA: POLAND-LITHUANIA WITH, AND WITHOUT, A STATE CHURCH: THE DUTCH REPUBLIC AND THE BRITISH ISLES COHABITATION OF THE FAITHFUL AND UNFAITHFUL

14. Churches and the World

CHURCHES AND STATES MISSIONS ABROAD MINISTRY AT HOME CATHOLIC REINVIGORATION THE COUNCIL OF TRENT AND THE PAPAL PRINCE THE CHURCHES AND THE SUPERNATURAL

15. The Waning of Crusade

CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM IN AN AGE OF RELIGIOUS CONTENTION PEACE IN CHRISTENDOM: WAR AGAINST THE TURKS CRUSADING ECHOES COMMERCE, CORSAIRS AND CAPTIVES EUROPE IN THE OTTOMAN MIRROR

CHRISTIAN STATES IN DISARRAY

16. The Business of States

TRUST AND OBEDIENCE THE CRAFT OF STATES MEN OF BUSINESS, MEN OF STATE MAKING THE JUSTICE-STATE WORK NERVES OF STATE THE BUSINESS OF WAR ‘… SENT TO LIE ABROAD’

17. States in Confrontation

POLITICAL VIRTUES IN A DANGEROUS WORLD PAX HISPANICA GALLIC HERCULES THE AUSTRIAN HABSBURGS DISCONCERTED A CENTRAL EUROPEAN STORM CONVERGING CATHOLIC INTERESTS OF STATE DENMARK AND THE DESTINY OF THE EMPIRE THE DEMISE OF THE FRENCH PROTESTANT PARTY

18. War at Large

UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES GOVERNED BY OPINION THE LION OF THE NORTH THE PEACE OF PRAGUE SUSTAINING ATTRITIONAL WAR HALL OF REALMS POLITICAL WILL REPUBLIC AT WAR THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA

19. Times of Troubles to the East and West

‘THE WHOLE WORLD IS SHAKING …’ POLAND-LITHUANIA: BEFORE THE DELUGE THE ‘FALLING OUT IN THESE THREE KINGDOMS’ A CONFUSION OF TONGUES IRISH REBELLION AND THE CONFEDERATE CAUSE ‘THIS BLOODY AND UNNATURAL WAR’ THE EXECUTION OF A KING

Conclusion: Europe’s Paroxysm Illustrations Further Reading Acknowledgements Follow Penguin Copyright Page Footnote

The Penguin History of Europe

Page ii

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