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Index
Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Dedication Acknowledgments Emeritus Editors Preface to the Eighth Edition How This Medical Textbook Should Be Viewed by the Practicing Clinician and the Judicial System Contributors Volume 1
Part I: Fundamental Clinical Concepts
Section One: Critical Management Principles
Chapter 1: Airway
Perspective Pathophysiology Clinical Features Management Therapeutic Modalities Outcomes
Chapter 2: Mechanical Ventilation and Noninvasive Ventilatory Support
Perspective Principles of Mechanical Ventilation Management Outcomes
Chapter 3: Pain Management
Perspective Pathophysiology Management Principles Treatment Endpoints
Chapter 4: Procedural Sedation and Analgesia
Perspective
Chapter 5: Monitoring the Emergency Patient
Perspective Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement Pulse Oximetry End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Cerebral Function Monitoring Fetal Monitoring
Chapter 6: Shock
Perspective Clinical Features Management
Chapter 7: Blood and Blood Components
Perspective Pathophysiologic Principles Management Outcomes
Chapter 8: Brain Resuscitation
Perspective Pathophysiology Management Clinical Outcomes Summary
Chapter 9: Adult Resuscitation
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features and Management
Chapter 10: Pediatric Resuscitation
Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Septic Shock in the Pediatric Patient Respiratory Failure Acute Life-Threatening Events Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Chapter 11: Neonatal Resuscitation
Perspective Pathophysiology Indications for Resuscitation Specific Disorders Preparation Management Disposition
Section Two: Cardinal Presentations
Chapter 12: Fever in the Adult Patient
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 13: Weakness
Perspective Pivotal Findings Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 14: Cyanosis
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Algorithms Empirical Management Patient Disposition
Chapter 15: Syncope
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management
Chapter 16: Depressed Consciousness and Coma
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 17: Confusion
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 18: Seizures
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Management Disposition
Chapter 19: Dizziness and Vertigo
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Management Disposition
Chapter 20: Headache
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 21: Diplopia
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Empirical Management
Chapter 22: Red and Painful Eye
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Empirical Management Special Considerations Disposition
Chapter 23: Sore Throat
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Empirical Management
Chapter 24: Hemoptysis
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Disposition
Chapter 25: Dyspnea
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 26: Chest Pain
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Table Management and Disposition
Chapter 27: Abdominal Pain
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 28: Jaundice
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management Special Populations
Chapter 29: Nausea and Vomiting
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Pediatric Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 30: Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management Definitive Management Disposition
Chapter 31: Diarrhea
Perspective Clinical Approach Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 32: Constipation
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 33: Acute Pelvic Pain in Women
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management
Chapter 34: Vaginal Bleeding
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Diagnostic Algorithm Empirical Management Disposition
Chapter 35: Back Pain
Perspective Diagnostic Approach Differential Diagnosis Empirical Management Disposition Acknowledgments
Part II: Trauma
Section One: General Concepts
Chapter 36: Multiple Trauma
Perspective Trauma Systems Principles of Disease Management Disposition Special Considerations
Chapter 37: Trauma in Pregnancy
Perspective Principles of Disease—Changes of Pregnancy Clinical Features of Trauma in Pregnancy Diagnostic Strategies Special Procedures Management Disposition Miscellaneous Acknowledgment
Chapter 38: Pediatric Trauma
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Management and Diagnostic Strategies Specific Disorders and Injuries Disposition
Chapter 39: Geriatric Trauma
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Specific Disorders End-of-Life Decisions
Chapter 40: Injury Prevention and Control
Perspective Principles of the Disease of Injury Injury Control in Medical Practice
Section Two: System Injuries
Chapter 41: Head Injury
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features and Diagnostic Strategies Management Pediatric Head Injuries Penetrating Head Injuries Complications after Head Injury Specific Injuries
Chapter 42: Facial Trauma
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Special Considerations by Site Fractures and Dislocations Disposition
Chapter 43: Spinal Injuries
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition
Chapter 44: Neck
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition Specific Injuries
Chapter 45: Thoracic Trauma
Epidemiology Chest Wall Injury Rib Fracture Sternal Fracture Costochondral Separation Flail Chest Nonpenetrating Ballistic Injury Traumatic Asphyxia Pulmonary Injuries Tracheobronchial Injury Diaphragmatic Injury Cardiovascular Trauma Esophageal Perforation
Chapter 46: Abdominal Trauma
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management
Chapter 47: Genitourinary System
Lower Urinary Tract Upper Tract External Genitalia
Chapter 48: Peripheral Vascular Injury
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Treatment Specific Injuries Disposition
Section Three: Orthopedic Lesions
Chapter 49: General Principles of Orthopedic Injuries
Management Principles Fractures Subluxation and Dislocations Soft Tissue Injuries Treatment Modalities
Chapter 50: Hand
Perspective Principles of Disease, Functional Anatomy, Physiology, and Examination of the Hand Clinical Features: Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Strategies: Radiology Mechanisms of Injury and Management
Chapter 51: Wrist and Forearm
Wrist Forearm
Chapter 52: Humerus and Elbow
Perspective Clinical Features Fractures Dislocation and Subluxation Soft Tissue Disorders Acknowledgment
Chapter 53: Shoulder
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Specific Injuries
Chapter 54: Musculoskeletal Back Pain
Low Back Pain Upper Back Pain
Chapter 55: Pelvic Trauma
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategy Management
Chapter 56: Femur and Hip
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Specific Injury Patterns Special Pediatric Considerations Acknowledgment
Chapter 57: Knee and Lower Leg
Knee Leg
Chapter 58: Ankle and Foot
Ankle Foot
Section Four: Soft Tissue Injuries
Chapter 59: Wound Management Principles
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features and Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition Summary
Chapter 60: Foreign Bodies
Perspective Physical Examination Diagnostic Imaging Principles of Disease Eye Ear Nose Airway Gastrointestinal Tract Genitourinary Tract Soft Tissues
Chapter 61: Mammalian Bites
Animal Bites Human Bites
Chapter 62: Venomous Animal Injuries
Perspective Venomous Reptiles Venomous Arthropods Venomous Marine Animals
Chapter 63: Thermal Burns
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Management Disposition
Chapter 64: Chemical Injuries
Perspective Pathophysiology Community Preparedness and Hazmat Response Management Chemical Terrorism Acknowledgments
Section Five: Violence and Abuse
Chapter 65: Forensic Emergency Medicine
Perspective Forensic Aspects of Gunshot Wounds Forensic Aspects of Physical Assault Forensic Aspects of Motor Vehicle Trauma
Chapter 66: Child Maltreatment
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 67: Sexual Assault
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Performing the Physical Examination and Evidence Collection Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Pregnancy Debriefing Elderly Victims Male Victims Male Suspect Examination
Chapter 68: Intimate Partner Violence
Perspective Etiology Clinical Assessment Diagnostic Strategies Management
Chapter 69: Elder Abuse and Neglect
Perspective Definitions and Types of Elder Abuse Etiology of and Risk Factors for Elder Abuse Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Documentation Caregiver Interview Interventions and Referrals Reporting Requirements Institutional Abuse Abuse of Persons with Disabilities Future Directions
Part III: Medicine and Surgery
Section One: Head and Neck Disorders
Chapter 70: Oral Medicine
Perspective and Principles of Disease Clinical Features Traumatic Dental Emergencies
Chapter 71: Ophthalmology
Perspective Ocular Trauma Disease of the Conjunctiva Disease of the Cornea Disorders of the Lids and Ocular Soft Tissues Glaucoma Acute Visual Loss Anisocoria Abnormal Optic Disk Nystagmus Disorders of Extraocular Movement Management
Chapter 72: Otolaryngology
Otitis Media Otitis Externa Necrotizing (Malignant) External Otitis Mastoiditis Sudden Hearing Loss Epistaxis Sialolithiasis Neck Masses
Section Two: Pulmonary System
Chapter 73: Asthma
Perspective Epidemiology Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management of Acute Exacerbations Disposition
Chapter 74: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 75: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Pharyngitis (Tonsillopharyngitis) Lingual Tonsillitis Laryngitis Adult Epiglottitis Deep Space Infections of the Lower Part of the Face and Neck Peritonsillitis (Peritonsillar Cellulitis and Peritonsillar Abscess) Ludwig's Angina Retropharyngeal Abscess Parapharyngeal Abscess Rhinosinusitis
Chapter 76: Pneumonia
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Diagnosis Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 77: Pleural Disease
Spontaneous Pneumothorax Pleural Inflammation and Effusion
Section Three: Cardiac System
Chapter 78: Acute Coronary Syndrome
Historical Perspective Epidemiology Spectrum of Disease Pathophysiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Investigations Emergency Department–Based Chest Pain Centers Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Chapter 79: Dysrhythmias
Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology Anatomy and Conduction Mechanisms of Dysrhythmia Formation Classification of Antidysrhythmic Drugs Approach to Dysrhythmia Recognition and Management Specific Dysrhythmias
Chapter 80: Implantable Cardiac Devices
Perspective Indications for Permanent Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Chapter 81: Heart Failure
Epidemiology Cellular Mechanisms Cardiac Physiology Primary Disease Processes Resulting in Heart Failure Compensatory Mechanisms in Heart Failure Classification of Heart Failure Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Suspected Heart Failure Treatment of Acute Heart Failure Summary
Chapter 82: Pericardial and Myocardial Disease
Pericardial Disease (Pericarditis) Myocardial Diseases (Myocarditis) Cardiomyopathies and Specific Heart Muscle Disease Ion Channelopathies
Chapter 83: Infective Endocarditis and Valvular Heart Disease
Infective Endocarditis Rheumatic Fever Valvular Heart Disease
Section Four: Vascular System
Chapter 84: Hypertension
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Consideration of Differential Diagnoses Management Disposition
Chapter 85: Aortic Dissection
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 86: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Late Complications of Repair Disposition
Chapter 87: Peripheral Arteriovascular Disease
Specific Arteriovascular Diseases
Chapter 88: Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis
Perspective Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism
Section Five: Gastrointestinal System
Chapter 89: Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum
Esophageal Obstruction Esophageal Perforation Esophagitis Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Gastritis Peptic Ulcer Disease Management Gastric Volvulus Dysphagia Pharmacologic Agents for Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders
Chapter 90: Disorders of the Liver and Biliary Tract
Hepatic Disorders Biliary Tract Disorders
Chapter 91: Disorders of the Pancreas
Background Acute Pancreatitis Chronic Pancreatitis Pancreatic Cancer
Chapter 92: Disorders of the Small Intestine
Small Bowel Obstruction Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Chapter 93: Acute Appendicitis
Perspective Principles of Disease: Pathophysiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Diagnosis Management Disposition
Chapter 94: Gastroenteritis
Background Acute Invasive Bacterial Enteritis Toxin-Induced Bacterial Gastroenteritis Acute Viral Gastroenteritis Parasitic Gastrointestinal Infection Traveler's Diarrhea
Chapter 95: Disorders of the Large Intestine
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diverticular Disease Large Bowel Obstruction Volvulus Intussusception Diagnostic Strategies Inflammatory Bowel Disease Colonic Ischemia Radiation Proctocolitis
Chapter 96: Disorders of the Anorectum
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Specific Anorectal Problems Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Proctitis
Volume 2
Part III: Medicine and Surgery
Section Six: Genitourinary and Gynecologic Systems
Chapter 97: Renal Failure
Evaluation of Renal Function Hematuria and Proteinuria Acute Kidney Injury Chronic Kidney Disease
Chapter 98: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Disorders Characterized by Genital Lesions with or Without Adenopathy Disorders Characterized by Genital Discharge
Chapter 99: Selected Urologic Problems
Urinary Tract Infections Urinary Tract Infection in Children Urinary Tract Infection in Men Renal Calculi Bladder (Vesical) Calculus Acute Scrotal Pain Acute Urinary Retention Hematuria
Chapter 100: Selected Gynecologic Disorders
Perspective Ovarian Torsion Ovarian Cysts and Masses Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in the Nonpregnant Patient Emergency Contraception Disposition
Section Seven: Neurology
Chapter 101: Stroke
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Differential Considerations Diagnostic Strategies Stroke Management Disposition
Chapter 102: Seizure Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management
Chapter 103: Headache Disorders
Primary Headache Disorders Secondary Headache Disorders Other Headache Disorders and Facial Pain
Chapter 104: Delirium and Dementia
Perspective Delirium Dementia
Chapter 105: Brain and Cranial Nerve Disorders
Trigeminal Neuralgia Facial Nerve Paralysis Vestibular Schwannoma Diabetic Cranial Mononeuropathy Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Multiple Sclerosis
Chapter 106: Spinal Cord Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Classification of Spinal Cord Syndromes Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Specific Disease Processes
Chapter 107: Peripheral Nerve Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Ancillary Diagnostic Testing
Chapter 108: Neuromuscular Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Findings Diagnostic Strategies Specific Disorders
Chapter 109: Central Nervous System Infections
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Section Eight: Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders
Chapter 110: Thought Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 111: Mood Disorders
Perspective Epidemiology Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management
Chapter 112: Anxiety Disorders
Perspective Epidemiology Principles of Disease Clinical Features Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 113: Somatoform Disorders
Perspective Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 114: Factitious Disorders and Malingering
Perspective Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 115: Suicide
Perspective Pathophysiology and Etiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition Documentation Prevention
Section Nine: Immunologic and Inflammatory
Chapter 116: Arthritis
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Findings Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations and Management Disposition
Chapter 117: Tendinopathy and Bursitis
Tendinopathy Bursitis
Chapter 118: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Vasculitides
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Vasculitides
Chapter 119: Allergy, Hypersensitivity, Angioedema, and Anaphylaxis
Perspective Principles of Disease Pathophysiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Diagnosis Management Disposition Urticaria and Angioedema Mastocytosis
Chapter 120: Dermatologic Presentations
Perspective Scales, Plaques, and Patches Scaly Papules Pustules Erythema Red Macules Exanthems Papular Lesions Nodular Lesions Vesicular Lesions Skin Lesions Associated with Systemic Disease Clinical Features of Lesions Associated with Internal Malignant Disease Clinical Features of Lesions Associated with Narcotic Addiction
Section Ten: Hematology and Oncology
Chapter 121: Anemia, Polycythemia, and White Blood Cell Disorders
Anemia Polycythemia White Blood Cell Disorders Rationale for Selection of White Blood Cell and Differential Counts
Chapter 122: Disorders of Hemostasis
Perspective Pathophysiology Clinical Features Differential Diagnosis and Management Disposition
Chapter 123: Selected Oncologic Emergencies
Perspective Fever Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome Hyperviscosity Syndrome Hyperuricemia Hypercalcemia Neoplastic Cardiac Tamponade Neurologic Emergencies
Section Eleven: Metabolism and Endocrinology
Chapter 124: Acid-Base Disorders
Principles of Disease Diagnostic Strategies Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis Mixed Disorders
Chapter 125: Electrolyte Disorders
Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia Hypernatremia Hyponatremia Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia Hypermagnesemia Hypomagnesemia Hyperphosphatemia Hypophosphatemia
Chapter 126: Diabetes Mellitus and Disorders of Glucose Homeostasis
Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemia Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State Late Complications of Diabetes Diabetes in Pregnancy New-Onset Hyperglycemia Control of Diabetes
Chapter 127: Rhabdomyolysis
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Complications Management Disposition Prognosis
Chapter 128: Thyroid and Adrenal Disorders
Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Adrenal Insufficiency
Section Twelve: Infectious Diseases
Chapter 129: Bacteria
Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Botulism Pneumococcemia Meningococcemia Toxic Shock Syndrome
Chapter 130: Viral Illnesses
Classification Viral Immunizations Antiviral Chemotherapy Specific Viral Diseases by Presenting Clinical Syndrome
Chapter 131: Rabies
Perspective Epidemiology Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnosis and Management Postexposure Prophylaxis Assessment Postexposure Prophylaxis Preexposure Prophylaxis
Chapter 132: HIV Infection and AIDS
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Consideration of Differential Diagnosis Management Disposition
Chapter 133: Parasitic Infections
Perspective Principles of Therapy Presenting Symptoms Parasitic Coinfections in Patients with HIV Infection and AIDS
Chapter 134: Tick-Borne Illnesses
Perspective Principles of Disease Lyme Disease Relapsing Fever Tularemia Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Q Fever Ehrlichioses Babesiosis Colorado Tick Fever Tick Paralysis
Chapter 135: Tuberculosis
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition Prevention of Transmission in the Emergency Department
Chapter 136: Bone and Joint Infections
Perspective Principles of Disease Etiology and Microbiology of Bone and Joint Infections Osteomyelitis Septic Arthritis
Chapter 137: Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Cellulitis Abscess Impetigo Infections of the Pilosebaceous Follicle Necrotizing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Toxic Shock Syndromes Other Infections with Skin Manifestations Acknowledgment
Chapter 138: Sepsis Syndromes
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Part IV: Environment and Toxicology
Section One: Environment
Chapter 139: Frostbite
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition Sequelae
Chapter 140: Accidental Hypothermia
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Pharmacology Rewarming Disposition Outcome
Chapter 141: Heat Illness
Perspective Principles of Disease Pathophysiology Minor Heat Illness Heat Exhaustion Heatstroke
Chapter 142: Electrical and Lightning Injuries
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Complications Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 143: Scuba Diving and Dysbarism
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 144: High-Altitude Medicine
Epidemiology Definitions Environmental Considerations Acclimatization Pathophysiology Acute Mountain Sickness High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema High-Altitude Cerebral Edema High-Altitude Retinal Hemorrhage Carbon Monoxide Toxicity Altitude and Underlying Medical Conditions Acknowledgment
Chapter 145: Drowning
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Differential Considerations Diagnostic Studies Management Disposition
Chapter 146: Radiation Injuries
Historical Perspective and Epidemiology Pathophysiology of Radiation Exposure Types of Exposure Clinical Features and Diagnostic Strategies Management
Section Two: Toxicology
Chapter 147: General Approach to the Poisoned Patient
Perspective Initial Approach to the Poisoned Patient Toxic Syndromes and Antidotes Toxicology Laboratory Decontamination Disposition and Consultation
Chapter 148: Acetaminophen
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition
Chapter 149: Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Agents
Aspirin Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Chapter 150: Anticholinergics
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Presentation Differential Diagnosis Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition
Chapter 151: Antidepressants
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Tricyclic Antidepressants Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors Miscellaneous Antidepressants Serotonin Syndrome Discontinuation Syndromes
Chapter 152: Cardiovascular Drugs
Cardioactive Steroids (Digoxin) Beta-Adrenergic Blockers Calcium Channel Blockers Nitrates and Nitrites
Chapter 153: Caustics
Perspective Principles Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition Special Cases
Chapter 154: Cocaine and Other Sympathomimetics
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition Other Stimulants
Chapter 155: Toxic Alcohols
Methanol Ethylene Glycol Isopropyl Alcohol Acknowledgment
Chapter 156: Hallucinogens
Serotonin-Like Agents Entactogens Dissociative Agents Marijuana and Miscellaneous Plants and Fungi
Chapter 157: Heavy Metals
Iron Lead Arsenic Mercury Acknowledgment
Chapter 158: Hydrocarbons
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 159: Inhaled Toxins
Simple Asphyxiants Pulmonary Irritants Smoke Inhalation Cyanide and Hydrogen Sulfide Carbon Monoxide
Chapter 160: Lithium
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Diagnosis Management Disposition
Chapter 161: Antipsychotics
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Differential Considerations Diagnostic Strategies Management Disposition
Chapter 162: Opioids
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Management Disposition
Chapter 163: Pesticides
Perspective Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides Carbamate Insecticides Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Insecticides Substituted Phenols Chlorophenoxy Compounds Bipyridyl Compounds Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids Glyphosate DEET Acknowledgment
Chapter 164: Plants, Mushrooms, and Herbal Medications
Perspective Botanical Identification Herbal Medicines Mushrooms
Chapter 165: Sedative Hypnotics
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Flunitrazepam Buspirone Zolpidem and Zaleplon Eszopiclone Chloral Hydrate Over-the-Counter Sleep AIDS γ-Hydroxybutyrate
Part V: Special Populations
Section One: The Pediatric Patient
Chapter 166: General Approach to the Pediatric Patient
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Specific Disorders The Pediatric-Ready Emergency Department
Chapter 167: Pediatric Fever
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Specific Disorders
Chapter 168: Pediatric Respiratory Emergencies: Upper Airway Obstruction and Infections
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Stridor Overview of the Evaluation and Management of a Child with an Upper Airway Obstruction Specific Disorders
Chapter 169: Pediatric Respiratory Emergencies: Lower Airway Obstruction
Asthma Bronchiolitis
Chapter 170: Pediatric Respiratory Emergencies: Disease of the Lungs
Pneumonia Other Respiratory Emergencies
Chapter 171: Cardiac Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Clinical Features and Diagnostic Strategies: the Cardiac Evaluation Specific Disorders
Chapter 172: Gastrointestinal Disorders
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Specific Disorders
Chapter 173: Infectious Diarrheal Disease and Dehydration
Acute Infectious Diarrhea Dehydration
Chapter 174: Genitourinary and Renal Tract Disorders
Perspective Specific Disorders
Chapter 175: Neurologic Disorders
Perspective Acute Bacterial Meningitis Seizures Headaches in Children Pediatric Ataxia Pediatric Vertigo Syncope
Chapter 176: Musculoskeletal Disorders
Perspective Principles of Disease Specific Disorders
Section Two: The Pregnant Patient
Chapter 177: General Approach to the Pregnant Patient
Perspective Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations Specific Disorders Management Acknowledgment
Chapter 178: Acute Complications of Pregnancy
Perspective Problems in Early Pregnancy Complications of Late Pregnancy Medical and Surgical Problems in the Pregnant Patient Acknowledgment
Chapter 179: Chronic Medical Illness during Pregnancy
Principles of Disease Specific Disorders
Chapter 180: Drug Therapy in Pregnancy
Perspective Principles of Disease Drug Therapy during Pregnancy
Chapter 181: Labor and Delivery and Their Complications
Perspective Normal Delivery Specific Disorders
Section Three: The Geriatric Patient
Chapter 182: The Elder Patient
Perspective Principles of Disease Evaluation and Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Specific Disorders Preventive Care
Section Four: The Patient with Compromised Immune Function
Chapter 183: The Immunocompromised Patient
Perspective Principles of Disease Specific Immunocompromised States Immunosuppressive Therapy
Section Five: The Patient with An Organ Transplant
Chapter 184: The Solid Organ Transplant Patient
Perspective Principles of Disease Specific Disorders Management Psychological Aspects of Organ Transplantation Disposition
Section Six: The Alcoholic and Substance Abuse Patient
Chapter 185: Alcohol-Related Disease
Perspective Principles of Disease: Metabolism of Alcohol Differential Considerations Management Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Alcohol-Related Seizures Other Clinical Features and Management Alcohol-Drug Interactions Adolescent Patient Elderly Patient Pregnancy Trauma Admission Guidelines and Disposition
Chapter 186: Substance Abuse
Perspective Epidemiology Pharmacology Clinical Findings Differential Diagnosis Complications Diagnostic Adjuncts Management
Section Seven: The Developmentally or Physically Disabled Patient
Chapter 187: Evaluation of the Developmentally or Physically Disabled Patient
Perspective Distinguishing Principles of Disease Specific Disorders
Section Eight: The Problem Patient
Chapter 188: The Combative Patient
Perspective Principles of Disease Management Clinical Features Diagnostic Strategies Differential Considerations
Chapter 189: The Difficult Patient
Perspective Distinguishing Principles Pathology of the Patient-Physician Relationship Strategies for Treatment of the Difficult Patient Specific Approaches for Dealing with Difficult Patients: Putting It All Together Summary
Part VI: Emergency Medical Services
Chapter 190: Emergency Medical Services: Overview and Ground Transport
Perspective Oversight Out-of-Hospital Medical Care and Controversies in Management Interfacility and Specialized Transports The Future
Chapter 191: Air Medical Transport
Perspective Aviation Physiology Principles of Air Medical Transport Systems Clinical Concepts and Patient Care Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness Future of Air Medical Transport
Chapter 192: Tactical Emergency Medical Support and Urban Search and Rescue
Tactical Emergency Medical Support Urban Search and Rescue
Chapter 193: Disaster Preparedness
Perspective Nature of Disasters Triage Care of Special Needs Populations Out-of-Hospital Response Planning and Hospital Response Review of Hospital and Community Disaster Response Experience Chemical, Biologic, Radiologic, Nuclear, and Explosive Terrorism Disaster Stress Management Disaster Management and Response Organizations Within the U.S. Government Future Directions
Chapter 194: Weapons of Mass Destruction
Perspective Nuclear and Radiologic Devices Biologic Weapons Chemical Weapons
Part VII: The Practice of Emergency Medicine
Chapter 195: Observation Medicine and Clinical Decision Units
Principles of Observation Medicine Observational Approach Clinical Conditions
Chapter 196: Emergency Ultrasound
Perspective and Definitions History Training, Credentialing, and Accreditation Applied Ultrasound Physics and Instrumentation Equipment and Safety Applications and Categorization Integration Into Emergency Medicine Practice
Chapter 197: Process Improvement and Patient Safety
Perspective Sources of Failure in Emergency Care Problem Areas in Emergency Care Conclusion
Bonus Online Content
Youth, Violence, and Street Gangs
Youth, Violence, and Street Gangs
Perspective Violence in Schools Media Violence and Its Effect on Children and Adolescents Adolescents, Drug Abuse, and Violence Firearms and Youth Non-Powder Firearms Prevention Strategies for Youth Violence Violence by Street Gangs
Medical Literature and Evidence-Based Medicine
Medical Literature and Evidence-Based Medicine
Perspective Types of Clinical Studies Randomized Longitudinal Interventional Study (Clinical Trial) Data Analysis Changing Practice on the Basis of a Research Study Evidence-Based Medicine Summary
Multiculturalism and Care Delivery
Multiculturalism and Care Delivery
Perspective Rationale for Cultural Competence Cultural Competence and Patient-Centered Care: New Models Education Recommendations Summary
Bioethics
Bioethics
Perspective Bioethics and the Law Values Fundamental Bioethical Principles Medical and Moral Imperatives in Emergency Medicine Codifying Professional Values: Ethical Oaths and Codes Applying Bioethics Medical Imperatives and Bioethical Dilemmas Rapid Ethical Decision-Making Model Advance Directives Consent, Decision-Making Capacity, and Surrogate Decision Makers Resuscitation Ethics Public Policy and Bioethics
End of Life
End of Life
Perspective Principles of Disease Specific Disorders and Concerns
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act and Medicolegal Issues
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act and Medicolegal Issues
Perspective Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) Consent for Medical Care Refusal of Medical Care Reporting Requirements
Wellness, Stress, and the Impaired Physician
Wellness, Stress, and the Impaired Physician
Perspective Causative Factors: Major Stressors in Emergency Medicine Consequences: the Burned-Out or Impaired Physician Coping Strategies: Wellness Strategies for the Emergency Physician Residency Training and Wellness Summary
Index
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