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Index
Cover
Title
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Illustrations
Preface
1 What is an Internet Celebrity Anyway?
A Brief History of Internet Celebrity
Traditional Celebrities
Ordinary People as Celebrities
Reality TV Celebrities
Celebrity–Audience Relations
DIY Celebrity
Microcelebrity
Internet celebrity
What about traditional celebrities on the internet?
Conclusion
2 Qualities of Internet Celebrity
Exclusivity
Exoticism
Exceptionalism
Everydayness
Conclusion
3 Internet Celebrity and Traditional Media
Eyewitness Viral Stars
Cashing in on Catchphrases
Is it Wrong to Laugh?
Who Profits?
Meme Personalities
Faces of Memes
Meme Personae
Meme Celebrities
Unwilling Memes
Spotted and Groomed Investments
The Ellen Factory
Commodified Childhoods
Crowd-Puller Cameos
Lending Fame
When Borrowing Backfires
Censorship Across Platforms
Weaponized Microcelebrity
Context and Control
YouTubers Talk Back
Conclusion
4 From Internet Celebrities to Influencers
Architecture of the Influencer Industry
Blogshops, Commercial Blogging, and Influencers
Influencer Agencies and Managers
Generating Income
Shadow Economies of the Influencer Industry
Bot Followers & Account Purges
Hashtag Spam & Shadow Ban
Instagram Pods & Twitter Decks
Global Implications of the Influencer Industry
Economics
Legality
Culture
Social Issues
Recent Shifts in the Influencer Industry
Archive Culture → Streaming Culture
Tasteful Consumption → Amateur Aesthetic
Platformed Fame → Cross-Platform Influence
Attention Economy → Affection Economy
Quantitative Metrics → Qualitative Impact
Conclusion
Postface
Endnotes
Further Reading
Milestone Works Toward Internet Celebrity
Digital Platforms + Content Creation
Digital Tools + Self-Branding
Blogging + Fashion
Internet-Native Formats + User Norms
Internet Celebrity + Culture
Index
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