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Index
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Public Key Cryptography Using Harmony Search Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Swarm Intelligence for Random Number Generator
3.1 Key Generation
3.2 Harmony Search Algorithm
3.3 Public Key Cryptography
4 HSA Key Management for RSA
5 Experiments
5.1 Experimental Setup
5.2 Results
6 Conclusion
References
Performance Evaluation of Various Digital Modulation Techniques Using GNU Radio
1 Introduction
1.1 Digital Modulation Techniques
2 GNU Radio
3 Simulations Model
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Parameter Validation to Ascertain Voltage of Li-ion Battery Through Adaptive Control
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of Lithium-Ion Battery
3 Design of the Adaptive Feedback Control Law
4 Case Study
5 Concluding Remarks
References
Fractional-Order Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for a Two-Link Flexible Manipulator
1 Introduction
2 Dynamics of a TLFM
3 Modelling of the System
3.1 Link-1
3.2 Link-2
4 Design of Control Law
4.1 Design of Control Law for Link-1
4.2 Design of Control Law for Link-2
5 Stability of the Sliding Surface
6 Results and Discussions
7 Conclusions
References
Glucose Regulation in Diabetes Patients Via Insulin Pump: A Feedback Linearisation Approach
1 Introduction
2 Design Methodology
2.1 Mathematical Model for Glucose–Insulin Regulatory System
2.2 Feedback Linearisation Control Technique
3 Simulation Results
4 Conclusion
References
Delayed State Feedback Controller Design for Inverted Pendulum Using T-S Fuzzy Modeling: An LMI Approach
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical model of inverted pendulum
3 T-S Fuzzy Model for Nonlinear Systems
4 Delayed State Feedback Stabilization
5 Simulation Result
6 Conclusion
References
Failure Reconfiguration of Pumps in Two Reservoirs Connected to Overhead Tank
1 Introduction
2 Problem Formulation
2.1 Combination of Gravity and Pumping System
2.2 Objective and Problem Statement
3 Modeling of Overhead Water Tank With Natural Reservoirs
4 Failure Reconfiguration
5 Simulation Results
6 Conclusion
References
Simplified Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Regulator Design for Stabilizing Control of Electromagnetic Levitation System
1 Introduction
2 Electromagnetic Levitation System (EMLS)
3 Background of the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) Fuzzy Regulator
4 Simplified Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Regulator Design
5 Simulation Results
6 Conclusion
References
AGC of Thermal-Split Shaft Gas Turbine System Integrating IPFC and Ultra-Capacitor
1 Introduction
2 System Under Consideration
3 PIDN-FOID Controller
4 Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)
5 Results and Analysis
5.1 Performance Comparison of I, PI, PIDN, and PIDN-FOID Controllers with 1% SLP in Area-1
5.2 System Dynamics Using PIDN-FOID Controller with IPFC, UC
5.3 Sensitivity Analysis with Higher Value of SLP
6 Conclusion
Appendix
References
An Efficient Unbalanced Load Flow for Distribution Networks
1 Introduction
2 Mathematical Formulation
2.1 Modeling of Distribution Lines
2.2 The Proposed PF Solution Method
3 Result Analysis
3.1 Three-Phase Balanced RDS
3.2 Three-Phase Unbalanced RDS
4 Conclusions
References
Line Stability Indices and Contingency Screening by Sensitivity Factors Based Static Voltage Stability Study
1 Introduction
2 Indices Formulation
2.1 Line Stability Index ( L_mn )
2.2 Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI)
2.3 Voltage Collapse Proximity Index
3 Linear Sensitivity Factors (LSFs)
3.1 LODF Using Z-Bus Element
4 Test Result and Discussion
4.1 Base Case Loading
4.2 Global Load Increase
5 Contingency Screening
6 Conclusion
References
Comparative Analysis on Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow Using Linear Sensitivity Factors-Based Contingency Screening
1 Introduction
2 SCOPF Problem Formulation
3 Contingency Screening
3.1 LODF Using Z-Bus
3.2 GSF Using Z-Bus
4 Results and Discussions
4.1 Case 1
4.2 Case 2
5 Conclusion
References
Probabilistic Evaluation of Seismically Isolated Building Using Quintuple Friction Pendulum Isolator
1 Introduction
2 Adaptive Behavior Quintuple Friction Pendulum Bearing
2.1 Different Stages of Sliding for QTFP
3 Governing Equation of Motion and Its Solution
4 Earthquake Ground Motions
5 Numerical Study and Results
5.1 Performance of QTFP Under Annual Probability of Exceedance
6 Conclusion
References
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Mid-rise Reinforced Concrete Building in Ahmedabad
1 Introduction
2 Vulnerability
3 Building Specification
4 Non Destructive Testing
5 Push Over analysis
6 Capacity Spectrum
7 Fragility Curve
8 Results and Discussion
9 Conclusion
References
Evaluation of Lateral Stability of the Diagrid Tall Structure Under Different Earthquake Forces
1 Introduction
2 Details of Hearst Tower, NY, USA
3 Details of the Seismic Evaluation
3.1 Earthquake Data Inputs and Details
3.2 Details of SAP2000 Models
4 Results and Discussion of the Dynamic Time History Analysis
4.1 Top Displacement Results
5 Conclusion
References
Analysis of the Behavior of High-Rise Structures with Viscoelastic Dampers Installed at Various Locations
1 Introduction
2 Modeling of the Proposed Building Frame with Viscoelastic Dampers
2.1 Modal Periods and Frequencies
2.2 Base Shear
2.3 Storey-Wise Displacement
2.4 Maximum Lateral Displacement
2.5 Forces in Column
2.6 Forces in Beams
3 Discussions and Conclusions
References
Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste as Backfill Material in Reinforced Earth Wall
1 Introduction
2 Materials
3 Test Setup
4 Test Procedure
5 Results, Analysis, and Discussion
5.1 Effect of Different Backfill Materials on Displacement of RE Wall
5.2 Effect of Degree of Saturation of Mixture 1 (Sand):3 (MSW) as a Backfill Material on Displacement Characteristics of RE Wall
5.3 Settlement Characteristic of Different Backfill Materials
5.4 Settlement Characteristic of Mixture 1 (Sand):3 (MSW) as Backfill Material with Varying Degree of Saturation
6 Conclusion
References
Feasibility Analysis of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Research Methodology
4 Case Study
4.1 Fluidized Aerobic Bioreactor (500 m3/day)
4.2 DEWATS (600 m3/day)
4.3 Activated Sludge Process (1000 m3/day)
5 Summary
6 Conclusion and Scope for Future Work
References
Experimental and Analytical Investigation on Shear Strength of Concrete Containing Slag Considering Sustainable Development and Waste Management Concept
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Program
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Manufacturing of Lithium Cobalt Oxide from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Cathode Material
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Methods of Analysis
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Composition and Phases of Cathode Active Material
3.2 Dissolution of Active Material and Parametric Study
3.3 Cobalt Oxalate Extraction and Characterization
3.4 Manufacturing of Lithium Cobalt Oxide and Its Analysis
4 Conclusions
References
Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams Using NSM Technique
1 Introduction
2 Problem Description
3 Material Properties and Detailing of NSM Groove
4 Experimental Test Setup
5 Results and Discussions
5.1 Load v/s Deflection
5.2 Load v/s Strain in Main Steel
5.3 Load v/s Compressive Strain in Concrete
6 Conclusions
References
Usage of Crushed EAF Slag in Granular Sub-base Layer Construction
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Experimental Studies
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Categorization of Drought During Twentieth Century Using Precipitation in Banaskantha District, Gujarat, India
1 Introduction
2 Study Area and Data Collection
3 Methodology
3.1 Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
3.2 Percentage Departure from Mean
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Results of PD
4.2 Results of SPI
5 Conclusions
References
Effect of Moment Capacity Ratio on RC Framed Structure
1 Introduction
1.1 General
1.2 Strong Column–Weak Beam Design (SCWB)
2 Literature Review
3 System Development
3.1 Pushover Analysis
3.2 Building Design and Modelling
4 Performance Analysis
4.1 Pushover Curve
4.2 Lateral Displacement and Storey Drift
4.3 Plastic Hinges Results
4.4 Comparison of Various Parameters from Pushover Curve
5 Results and Conclusions
References
Printed Circuit Board Modelling for Thermal Analysis of Electronics Packages
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Thermal Modelling
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions and Future Scope
References
Numerical Investigation of Cylindrical Heat Pipe Performance
1 Introduction
2 Model Description
3 Governing Equations
3.1 Boundary Conditions
3.2 Initial Conditions
4 Solution Procedure
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Flow and Temperature Field
5.2 Time Step and Grid Independence
5.3 Operating Pressure
5.4 Effect of Permeability
5.5 Effect of Heat Input
6 Conclusions
References
Simulations of Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Its Impact on NOx
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Computational Domain
2.2 Mesh Generation
2.3 Model Selection
2.4 Boundary Conditions
3 Result and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Thermo-Magneto-Electric Generator—An Approximate Theoretical Approach
1 Introduction
2 Working Principle
2.1 Heat Transfer
2.2 Electromagnetic Energy
2.3 Stress on PVDF (Piezoelectric Material)
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Estimation of Time-Varying Heat Source for One-Dimensional Heat Conduction by Conjugate Gradient Method
1 Introduction
2 Estimation of Time-Varying Source by CGM
2.1 Direct Problem
2.2 Inverse Problem
2.3 The Solution Algorithm
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions
References
H2S Absorption from Syngas in Physical Solvent DMEPEG
1 Introduction
2 Process Condition for H2S Capture
3 Solvent Characteristics and Process Simulation Strategy
4 Process Description
5 Process Model [16]
6 Sensitivity of H2S Absorption Depending on Solvent Circulation Rate
6.1 Specifications (Assumptions) for H2S Absorber Equipment
6.2 Specification (Assumptions) for Feed Condition
6.3 Analysis and Results
7 Final Design
8 Conclusion
References
Effect of Shoulder Diameter on Friction Stir Welding of Al 6061 to SS 304
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Work
2.1 Materials and Welding Conditions
2.2 Experimental Setup and Welding Conditions
2.3 Tool Material and Design
3 Results and Discussions
3.1 Tensile Test
3.2 Microstructure
3.3 Microhardness Distribution
4 Conclusions
References
Experimental Investigation of High-Speed Turning of INCONEL 718 Using PVD-Coated Carbide Tool Under Wet Condition
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup and Experimentation
2.1 Selection of Process Parameter
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Effect of the Process Parameter on the Percentage Change in Average Surface Roughness (%ΔRa)
3.2 Chip Analysis Using SEM
3.3 Effect on Tool Wear
4 Conclusions
References
MADM Approach for Selection of Materials in Fused Deposition Modelling Process
1 Introduction
2 Material Selection Using Objective-Based MADM Method
2.1 Description of Attributes in Material Selection of Fusion Deposition Modelling
2.2 Four-Step Selection Procedure
3 Conclusions
References
Design and Simulation of Seat Handle Using Plastic Injection Molding Process
1 Introduction
2 Design for the Seat Handle
2.1 Design for the Seat Handle
2.2 Process Parameter
2.3 Modeling of Seat Handle
3 Simulation Results
3.1 Position of Gate
3.2 Melt Front Time
3.3 Melt Front Temperature
3.4 Pressure Drop
4 Conclusions
References
Wear Behaviour of Boron Carbide Added Friction Surfaced Cladded Layer
1 Introduction
2 Material Specification
3 Experimental Work
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Visual Examination
4.2 Macro-examination
4.3 Micro-examination
4.4 Microhardness
4.5 Wear Testing
5 Conclusions
References
Effect of Speed on Various Machinability Criteria in Dry Turning of Nickel–Iron–Chromium-Based Superalloy
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Procedure
3 Result and Discussion
3.1 Average Surface Roughness (Ra)
3.2 Resultant Machining Force (R)
3.3 Material Removal Rate (MRR)
3.4 Chip Thickness Ratio
4 Conclusions
References
A Review on Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Titanium Alloys
1 Introduction
2 Friction Stir Welding Tool
2.1 Tool Material
2.2 Tool Design and Geometry
3 Process Parameters
3.1 Tool Pin Offset
3.2 Rotational Speed
3.3 Travel Speed
4 Metallurgical Properties of Dissimilar Al–Ti FSW
4.1 Macrostructure
4.2 Microstructure
5 Weld Defects
6 Conclusion
References
Vibration-Assisted Multipurpose Cutter
1 Introduction
1.1 Recent Developments in Field of Multipurpose Cutting
2 Setup for Experimentation
3 Detailed Design of System
4 Conclusion
References
Effect of Sheet Thickness and Grain Size on Forming Limit Diagrams of Thin Brass Sheets
1 Introduction
2 Size Effects
3 Materials and Chemical Composition
4 Microstructure/Grain Size
5 Characterization of Formability
6 Forming Limit Diagrams
7 Conclusion
References
Electrochemical Deburring of Al6082 Using NaCl Electrolyte: An Exploratory Study
1 Introduction
2 Process Description
3 Samples of Al6082 and Measurement of ‘g’ Value
3.1 Burr Value ‘g’ and Its Relation with Input Variables
4 Tools for Electrochemical Deburring
5 Results and Discussions
5.1 Machining Characteristics of the Electrolytic Composition
6 Conclusions
References
Harmonic XFEM Simulation of 3-D Cracks
1 Introduction
2 Harmonic Enrichment Functions
3 Solution Procedure
4 Numerical Integration
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 3D Edge Crack Growth
5.2 Penny Shape Crack in Infinite Domain
6 Conclusion
References
Effect of Microbial Growth on Internal Resistances in MFC: A Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Construction of MFC
2.2 Working of MFC
2.3 Current Generation and Growth of Microbial Culture
2.4 Electrochemical Analysis
2.5 Power Generation
3 Result and Discussion
3.1 Growth of Microbial Culture and Current Production
3.2 Electrochemical Analysis
3.3 Power Generation
4 Conclusion
References
Effect of Geothermal and Other Renewables on AGC of an Interconnected Thermal System
1 Introduction
2 System Investigated
3 Components Description of the Entire System
3.1 Geothermal Plant (GTP)
3.2 Fractional-Order Cascade Controller (FOCC)
3.3 Sine–Cosine Algorithm (SCA)
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Performances Comparison of I, PI, PID and FOPI-FOPD
4.2 Impact of Renewables
4.3 Effect of GTP
5 Conclusions
Appendix
References
Numerical Comparison of Defect-Induced Performance Degradation in CZTS and CZTSSe Solar Cells
1 Introduction
2 Simulation Details
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Comparison on the Basis of ‘QE-λ’ Characteristics
3.2 Comparison on the Basis of J–V Characteristics
3.3 Comparison on the Basis of Energy Band Alignment
3.4 Comparison on the Basis of Performance Parameters
4 Conclusion
References
Wavelet Transform and Variants of SVR with Application in Wind Forecasting
1 Introduction
2 Wavelet Transform: A Decomposition Technique
3 Support Vector Regression
3.1 Least Square Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR)
3.2 Twin Support Vector Regression (TSVR)
3.3 ε-Twin Support Vector Regression
4 Hybrid Wavelet-SVR Model for Wind Speed Prediction
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Exploring Low Power Design Through Performance Analysis of FinFET for Fin Shape Variations
1 Introduction
2 Device and Process Specifications
3 Simulation Details
4 Discussion on Simulation Results
4.1 Positive Bias Temperature Impact in N-FinFET(PBTI)
4.2 Internal Capacitances
4.3 CMOS Implementation and Possibility of Scaling
5 Conclusion
References
Evaluation of Response Reduction Factor for Un-reinforced Masonry-Infilled RC Buildings
1 Introduction
2 Response Reduction Factor
2.1 Concept of Response Reduction Factor
3 Description and Modeling of the Structural Systems Considered
3.1 Estimation of Performance Point
3.2 Response Reduction Factor (R) Computation
4 Analysis of RC Buildings Considered
5 Conclusions
References
Optimal Cycle Time and Payment Option for Retailer
1 Introduction
2 Notation and Assumptions
3 Mathematical Model
4 Numerical Example
5 Conclusion
References
Attentional Recurrent Neural Networks for Sentence Classification
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Attention Mechanism
3 Model
3.1 LSTM Cell
3.2 GRU Cell
3.3 Regularization
4 Experimental Results
4.1 Datasets
4.2 Implementation Details
4.3 Hyperparameter Selection
4.4 Results
4.5 Observations
5 Conclusion
References
Least Squares Twin Extreme Learning Machine for Pattern Classification
1 Introduction
2 Twin Extreme Learning Machine
3 Proposed Least Squares Twin Extreme Learning Machine
3.1 Linear LSTELM
3.2 Nonlinear LSTELM
3.3 LSTELM Algorithm
3.4 Comparison ELM and LSTELM
4 Experimental Results
4.1 Data Set
4.2 Experimental Setting
4.3 Experimental Results
5 Conclusion
References
Impact of Power System Stabilizer on Combined ALFC and AVR System
1 Introduction
2 System Under Investigation
2.1 ALFC–AVR Combined System
2.2 Power System Stabilizer (PSS)
3 Controller and Optimization Technique
4 Results and Analysis
4.1 Performance Analysis of PIλDF Controllers
4.2 Impact of Power System Stabilizer
4.3 Sensitivity Analysis
5 Conclusion
References
Evaporation Ponds: An Effective Measure for Salinity Control
1 Introduction
2 Study Area
3 Evaporation Ponds
3.1 Design of Trapezoidal Section of Evaporation Pond
3.2 Design of Circular Section of Evaporation Pond
3.3 Cost of Disposal of Groundwater
4 Conclusions
References
Effect Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys AA6061/AA7075: Temperature Measurement, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Visual Inspection
3.2 Temperature
3.3 Macrostructure and Microstructure
3.4 Tensile Test
4 Conclusion
References
Progressive Collapse Analysis of Two-Dimensional Reinforced Concrete Framed Structure
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Methodology
3.1 Analysis Loading
4 Modelling
4.1 Material and Sectional Property
4.2 Intensities of Loading
5 Analysis and Results
5.1 Linear Static Analysis (LSA)
5.2 Nonlinear Static Analysis (NLSA)
5.3 Linear Dynamic Analysis (LDA)
6 Conclusions
References
Tri-band Semicircular Slit Based Wearable Antenna for Defense Applications
1 Introduction
2 Design and Parametric Analysis
2.1 Design Parameters
2.2 Effect of Different Dielectric Constants
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Experimental Comparison of TIG and Friction Stir Welding Process for AA6063-T6 Aluminum Alloy
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Procedure
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Radiography
3.2 Tensile Strength
4 Conclusions
References
Optimal Design and Simulation of High-Efficiency SnS-Based Solar Cell
1 Introduction
2 Device Structure
2.1 Defects Considered in the SnS Absorber During the Simulation
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Effect of Buffer Layer Thickness and Bandgap Factor
3.2 Effect of Absorber Layer Thicknesses
3.3 Effect of Defect Density on Absorber Layer
4 Conclusion
References
Author Index
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