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Index
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Acknowledgments
Preface
Introduction: Why STEM? Why Early Childhood? Why Now?
Definitions
Why STEM?
Why Early Childhood?
Why Now?
Organization of This Book
1. Why Use Ramps and Pathways?
Research and Theoretical Foundation for Ramps and Pathways
The Inquiry Teaching Model
Addressing Standards in Ramps and Pathways
Conclusion
2. Implementing Ramps and Pathways in the Classroom
Preparing the Environment for R&P
Introducing Ramps to Children
Teacher Intervention
Appendix 2.1: Ramp Relationships
Appendix 2.2: Using Questions
3. Physical Science Content and Inquiry
What Is Science?
Next Generation Science Standards and Research
Physical Science and the Inquiry Teaching Model
Science Process Skills
Physical Science Content
Conclusion
Appendix 3.1: Definitions of Physical Science Terms
4. Ramps and Pathways Promote Communication Development
Communication Is a Central STEM Practice
Conclusion
5. Using Ramps in Diverse Learning Communities
Engaging Diverse Learners as Full Participants in Science Learning
Creating Early Science Opportunities for Diverse Learners
Accommodating Developmental Considerations During Science Activities
Conclusion
6. Ramps and Pathways and STEM + Literacy
A Place for STEM in the Kindergarten and Primary Classroom
A Sampling of Ramp Activity Challenges
Building One-Piece Ramps: Various Heights
Building One-Piece Ramps: Various Objects
Building One-Piece Ramps: Various Spheres
Connecting Ramp Sections
Building a Ramp with a Jump or a Drop
Using Multiple Pieces of Ramp Sections Within a Confined Area
Building Ramps with Hills
Building Within an Irregularly Shaped, Confined Area
Building Vertical Ramps Within a Small Confined Area
Building Ramps with a Fulcrum and Balance
Mathematics Within Ramps and Pathways
The Synergy of STEM and Literacy: A Personal Story
Conclusion
7. Assessment
What Is Assessment?
Types and/or Purposes of Assessment
Research and Assessment
Assessment and the Inquiry Teaching Model
What to Assess
How to Assess
Conclusion
Appendix 7.1: Ramps & Pathways Checklist
Appendix 7.2: Observational Record: R&P Constructions
Appendix 7.3: Learning Record: Engineering Behaviors
Appendix 7.4: Learning Record: Science Content Knowledge
Appendix 7.5: Engineering Habits of Mind Outcomes
8. Ramps and Pathways Professional Development: Creating Early STEM Communities of Practice
R&P Introductory Workshop
Sustaining Professional Development Within Science Communities of Practice
Sustaining Change
References
Index
About the Authors
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