Log In
Or create an account ->
Imperial Library
Home
About
News
Upload
Forum
Help
Login/SignUp
Index
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Section 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Microbiology
Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi
Parasites
Immunology
Microbial Disease
Diagnostic Microbiology
Summary
Chapter 2: Commensal and Pathogenic Microbial Flora in Humans
Respiratory Tract and Head
Gastrointestinal Tract
Genitourinary System
Skin
Chapter 3: Sterilization, Disinfection, and Antisepsis
Sterilization
Disinfection
Antisepsis
Mechanisms of Action
Section 2: General Principles of Laboratory Diagnosis
Chapter 4: Microscopy and in Vitro Culture
Microscopy
Microscopic Methods
Examination Methods
In Vitro Culture
Chapter 5: Molecular Diagnosis
Detection of Microbial Genetic Material
Detection of Proteins
Chapter 6: Serologic Diagnosis
Antibodies
Methods of Detection
Immunoassays for Cell-Associated Antigen (Immunohistology)
Immunoassays for Antibody and Soluble Antigen
Serology
Section 3: Basic Concepts in the Immune Response
Chapter 7: Elements of Host Protective Responses
Soluble Activators and Stimulators of Innate and Immune Functions
Cells of the Immune Response
Chapter 8: Innate Host Responses
Barriers to Infection
Soluble Components of Innate Responses
Cellular Components of Innate Responses
Activation of Innate Cellular Responses
Normal Flora–Associated Responses
Inflammation
Bridge to Antigen-Specific Immune Responses
Chapter 9: Antigen-Specific Immune Responses
Immunogens, Antigens, and Epitopes
T Cells
Development of T Cells
Cell Surface Receptors of T Cells
Initiation of T-Cell Responses
Activation of CD4 T Cells and Their Response to Antigen
CD8 T Cells
NKT Cells
B Cells and Humoral Immunity
Immunoglobulin Types and Structures
Immunogenetics
Antibody Response
Chapter 10: Immune Responses to Infectious Agents
Antibacterial Responses
Antiviral Responses
Specific Immune Responses to Fungi
Specific Immune Responses to Parasites
Other Immune Responses
Immunopathogenesis
Autoimmune Responses
Immunodeficiency
Chapter 11: Antimicrobial Vaccines
Types of Immunization
Immunization Programs
Section 4: Bacteriology
Chapter 12: Bacterial Classification, Structure, and Replication
Differences between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Bacterial Classification
Bacterial Structure
Structure and Biosynthesis of the Major Components of the Bacterial Cell Wall
Cell Division
Spores
Chapter 13: Bacterial Metabolism and Genetics
Bacterial Metabolism
Bacterial Genes and Expression
Bacterial Genetics
Chapter 14: Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenesis
Entry into the Human Body
Colonization, Adhesion, and Invasion
Pathogenic Actions of Bacteria
Immunopathogenesis
Mechanisms for Escaping Host Defenses
Summary
Chapter 15: Role of Bacteria in Disease
Chapter 16: Laboratory Diagnosis of Bacterial Diseases
Specimen Collection, Transport, and Processing
Bacterial Detection and Identification
Chapter 17: Antibacterial Agents
Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis
Inhibition of Protein Synthesis
Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Other Antibiotics
Chapter 18: Staphylococcus and Related Gram-Positive Cocci
Answers
Physiology and Structure (Boxes 18-1 and 18-2)
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Diseases (Box 18-3)
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 19: Streptococcus
Answers
Streptococcus pyogenes (Box 19-1)
Streptococcus agalactiae (Box 19-3)
Other β-Hemolytic Streptococci
Viridans Streptococci
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Box 19-4)
Chapter 20: Enterococcus and Other Gram-Positive Cocci
Answers
Enterococcus (Box 20-1)
Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci
Chapter 21: Bacillus
Answers
Bacillus anthracis (Box 21-1)
Bacillus cereus
Chapter 22: Listeria and Erysipelothrix
Answers
Listeria monocytogenes (Box 22-1)
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (Box 22-3)
Chapter 23: Corynebacterium and Other Gram-Positive Rods
Answers
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Box 23-1)
Other Corynebacterium Species
Other Coryneform Genera
Chapter 24: Nocardia and Related Bacteria
Answers
Nocardia (Box 24-1)
Rhodococcus
Gordonia and Tsukamurella
Chapter 25: Mycobacterium
Answers
Physiology and Structure of Mycobacteria
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Box 25-1)
Mycobacterium leprae (Box 25-2)
Mycobacterium avium Complex (Box 25-3)
Other Slow-Growing Mycobacteria
Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 26: Neisseria and Related Genera
Answers
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis (Boxes 26-1 and 26-2)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis
Other Neisseria Species
Eikenella corrodens
Kingella kingae
Chapter 27: Enterobacteriaceae
Answers
Physiology and Structure
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Escherichia coli (Box 27-3)
Salmonella (Box 27-4)
Shigella (Box 27-5)
Yersinia (Box 27-6)
Other Enterobacteriaceae
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 28: Vibrio and Aeromonas
Answers
Vibrio
Aeromonas
Chapter 29: Campylobacter and Helicobacter
Answers
Campylobacter (Box 29-1)
Helicobacter (Box 29-2)
Chapter 30: Pseudomonas and Related Bacteria
Answers
Pseudomonas (Box 30-1)
Burkholderia
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Acinetobacter
Moraxella
Chapter 31: Haemophilus and Related Bacteria
Answers
Haemophilus (Box 31-2)
Actinobacillus
Aggregatibacter (Clinical Case 31-2)
Pasteurella (Clinical Case 31-3)
Chapter 32: Bordetella
Answers
Bordetella pertussis
Other Bordetella Species
Chapter 33: Francisella and Brucella
Answers
Francisella tularensis (Box 33-1)
Brucella (Box 33-3)
Chapter 34: Legionella
Answers
Legionellaceae
Chapter 35: Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Rods
Answers
Bartonella
Cardiobacterium
Capnocytophaga and Dysgonomonas
Streptobacillus
Chapter 36: Clostridium
Answers
Clostridium perfringens (Box 36-1)
Clostridium tetani (Box 36-3)
Clostridium botulinum (Box 36-4)
Clostridium difficile (Box 36-5)
Other Clostridial Species
Chapter 37: Anaerobic, Non–Spore-Forming, Gram-Positive Bacteria
Answers
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Cocci (Table 37-1)
Anaerobic, Non–Spore-Forming, Gram-Positive Rods (See Table 37-1)
Actinomyces
Propionibacterium
Mobiluncus
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium
Chapter 38: Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria
Answers
Physiology and Structure
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Diseases
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 39: Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira
Answers
Treponema (Box 39-1)
Other Treponemes
Borrelia (Box 39-3)
Leptospira (Box 39-6)
Chapter 40: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
Answers
Physiology and Structure
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Diseases (Clinical Case 40-1)
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 41: Rickettsia and Orientia
Answers
Physiology and Structure
Rickettsia rickettsii (Box 41-1)
Rickettsia akari
Rickettsia prowazekii (Box 41-2)
Rickettsia typhi
Orientia tsutsugamushi
Chapter 42: Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Coxiella
Answers
Ehrlichia and Anaplasma (Box 42-1)
Coxiella burnetii (Box 42-2)
Chapter 43: Chlamydia and Chlamydophila
Answers
Family Chlamydiaceae
Chlamydia trachomatis (Box 43-1)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Chlamydophila psittaci (Clinical Case 43-3)
Section 5: Virology
Chapter 44: Viral Classification, Structure, and Replication
Classification
Virion Structure
Viral Replication
Viral Genetics
Viral Vectors for Therapy
Chapter 45: Mechanisms of Viral Pathogenesis
Basic Steps in Viral Disease
Infection of the Target Tissue
Viral Pathogenesis
Viral Disease
Epidemiology
Control of Viral Spread
Chapter 46: Role of Viruses in Disease
Viral Diseases
Chronic and Potentially Oncogenic Infections
Infections in Immunocompromised Patients
Congenital, Neonatal, and Perinatal Infections
Chapter 47: Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Diseases
Specimen Collection
Cytology
Electron Microscopy
Viral Isolation and Growth
Detection of Viral Proteins
Detection of Viral Genetic Material
Viral Serology
Chapter 48: Antiviral Agents and Infection Control
Targets for Antiviral Drugs
Nucleoside Analogues
Nonnucleoside Polymerase Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
Antiinfluenza Drugs
Immunomodulators
Infection Control
Chapter 49: Papillomaviruses and Polyomaviruses
Answers
Human Papillomaviruses
Polyomaviridae
Chapter 50: Adenoviruses
Answers
Structure and Replication
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Syndromes (Box 50-4)
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Therapeutic Adenoviruses
Chapter 51: Human Herpesviruses
Answers
Structure of Herpesviruses
Herpesvirus Replication
Herpes Simplex Virus
Varicella-Zoster Virus
Epstein-Barr Virus
Cytomegalovirus
Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7
Other Human Herpesviruses
Chapter 52: Poxviruses
Answers
Structure and Replication
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Syndromes
Chapter 53: Parvoviruses
Answers
Structure and Replication
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Syndromes (Clinical Case 53-1)
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 54: Picornaviruses
Answers
Structure
Replication
Enteroviruses
Rhinoviruses
Chapter 55: Coronaviruses and Noroviruses
Answers
Coronaviruses
Noroviruses
Chapter 56: Paramyxoviruses
Answers
Structure and Replication
Measles Virus
Parainfluenza Viruses
Mumps Virus
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Human Metapneumovirus
Nipah and Hendra Viruses
Chapter 57: Orthomyxoviruses
Answers
Structure and Replication
Pathogenesis and Immunity
Epidemiology
Clinical Syndromes (Box 57-4)
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Chapter 58: Rhabdoviruses, Filoviruses, and Bornaviruses
Answers
Rhabdoviruses
Filoviruses
Borna Disease Virus
Chapter 59: Reoviruses
Answers
Structure
Replication
Orthoreoviruses (Mammalian Reoviruses)
Rotaviruses
Coltiviruses and Orbiviruses
Chapter 60: Togaviruses and Flaviviruses
Answers
Alphaviruses and Flaviviruses
Rubella Virus
Chapter 61: Bunyaviridae and Arenaviridae
Answers
Bunyaviridae
Arenaviruses
Chapter 62: Retroviruses
Answers
Classification
Structure
Replication
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Human T-CELL Lymphotropic Virus and Other Oncogenic Retroviruses
Endogenous Retroviruses
Chapter 63: Hepatitis Viruses
Answers
Hepatitis A Virus
Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitis C and G Viruses
Hepatitis G Virus
Hepatitis D Virus
Hepatitis E Virus
Chapter 64: Unconventional Slow Viruses: Prions
Answers
Structure and Physiology
Pathogenesis
Epidemiology
Clinical Syndromes (Clinical Case 64-1, Box 64-4)
Laboratory Diagnosis
Treatment, Prevention, and Control
Section 6: Mycology
Chapter 65: Fungal Classification, Structure, and Replication
The Importance of Fungi
Fungal Taxonomy, Structure, and Replication
Classification of Human Mycoses
Summary
Chapter 66: Pathogenesis of Fungal Disease
Primary Fungal Pathogens
Chapter 67: Role of Fungi in Disease
Chapter 68: Laboratory Diagnosis of Fungal Diseases
Clinical Recognition of Fungal Infections
Conventional Laboratory Diagnosis
Immunologic, Molecular, and Biochemical Markers for Direct Detection of Invasive Fungal Infections
Chapter 69: Antifungal Agents
Systemically Active Antifungal Agents
Topical Antifungal Agents
Investigational Antifungal Agents
Combinations of Antifungal Agents in the Treatment of Mycoses
Mechanisms of Resistance to Antifungal Agents
Chapter 70: Superficial and Cutaneous Mycoses
Answers
Superficial Mycoses
Cutaneous Mycoses
Chapter 71: Subcutaneous Mycoses
Answers
Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis (Clinical Case 71-1)
Chromoblastomycosis (Clinical Case 71-2)
Eumycotic Mycetoma
Subcutaneous Entomophthoromycosis
Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis (Clinical Case 71-3)
Chapter 72: Systemic Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Fungi
Answers
Blastomycosis (Clinical Case 72-1)
Coccidioidomycosis (Clinical Case 72-2)
Histoplasmosis (Clinical Case 72-3)
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Penicilliosis Marneffei
Chapter 73: Opportunistic Mycoses
Answers
Candidiasis
Opportunistic Mycoses Caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Other Noncandidal Yeastlike Fungi
Aspergillosis (Clinical Case 73-3)
Mucormycosis
Mycoses Caused by Other Hyaline Molds
Phaeohyphomycosis
Pneumocystosis
Chapter 74: Fungal and Fungal-Like Infections of Unusual or Uncertain Etiology
Answers
Adiaspiromycosis
Chlorellosis
Lacaziosis (Lobomycosis) (Clinical Case 74-1)
Protothecosis
Pythiosis Insidiosi (Clinical Case 74-2)
Rhinosporidiosis (Clinical Case 74-3)
Chapter 75: Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses
Answers
Aflatoxins (Clinical Case 75-1)
Citrinin
Ergot Alkaloids
Fumonisins
Ochratoxin
Trichothecenes (Clinical Case 75-2)
Other Mycotoxins and Purported Mycotoxicoses
Section 7: Parasitology
Chapter 76: Parasitic Classification, Structure, and Replication
Importance of Parasites
Classification and Structure
Physiology and Replication
Summary
Chapter 77: Pathogenesis of Parasitic Diseases
Exposure and Entry
Adherence and Replication
Cell and Tissue Damage
Disruption, Evasion, and Inactivation of Host Defenses
Chapter 78: Role of Parasites in Disease
Chapter 79: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Disease
Parasite Life Cycle as an Aid in Diagnosis
General Diagnostic Considerations
Parasitic Infections of the Intestinal and Urogenital Tracts
Parasitic Infections of Blood and Tissue
Alternatives to Microscopy
Chapter 80: Antiparasitic Agents
Targets for Antiparasite Drug Action
Drug Resistance
Antiparasitic Agents
Chapter 81: Intestinal and Urogenital Protozoa
Answers
Amebae
Flagellates
Ciliates
Sporozoa (Coccidia)
Microsporidia
Chapter 82: Blood and Tissue Protozoa
Answers
Plasmodium Species
Babesia Species
Toxoplasma gondii (Clinical Case 82-2)
Sarcocystis lindemanni
Free-Living Amebae
Leishmania
Trypanosomes
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruzi
Chapter 83: Nematodes
Answers
Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Toxocara and Baylisascaris
Trichuris trichiura
Hookworms
Strongyloides stercoralis
Trichinella spiralis
Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi
Loa loa
Mansonella Species
Mansonella perstans
Mansonella ozzardi
Mansonella streptocerca
Onchocerca volvulus
Dirofilaria immitis
Dracunculus medinensis
Chapter 84: Trematodes
Answers
Fasciolopsis buski
Fasciola hepatica
Opisthorchis sinensis
Paragonimus westermani
Schistosomes
Chapter 85: Cestodes
Answers
Taenia solium
Cysticercosis
Taenia saginata
Diphyllobothrium latum
Sparganosis
Echinococcus granulosus
Echinococcus multilocularis
Hymenolepis nana
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dipylidium caninum
Chapter 86: Arthropods
Answers
Myriapoda
Pentastomida
Crustacea
Chelicerata (Arachnida)
Insecta
Index
← Prev
Back
Next →
← Prev
Back
Next →