A Companion to Greek Architecture by Miles, Margaret M. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Table of Contents Preface List of Illustrations

Glossary

List of Maps Notes on Contributors Introduction

REFERENCES

PART I: Invention, Design, and Construction

CHAPTER 1: Landscape and Setting

Approaches Physical Geography Climate and Microclimate Ground Cover and Zoning From Relief to Landscape Agriculture, Gardens, and Groves Mineral Resources Ancient Responses: Affective, Artistic, and Architectural FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 2: Early Greek Temples

From the House of Rulers to the House of the Gods The Emergence of the Greek Temple: Protogeometric Cult Buildings The Birth of the Panhellenic Sanctuaries and the Development of the Temples Altars, Cult Bases, Votives, and Dining Facilities The Early Use of the Peristyle The Peristyle in the Early Archaic period The Temple of Apollo at Soros Temples as Hestiatoria FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3: Monumentality and Foreign Influence in Early Greek Temples

Monumental Scale Peristyle Stone Construction Tile Roofs Architectural Orders Moldings Foreign Influence: Egypt and the Near East FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4: Origins and Design of Terracotta Roofs in the Seventh Century BCE

Introduction The First Terracotta Roof Systems Tile Manufacture and Technical Innovation Conclusions ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 5: The Greek East

The Major Works The Kroisos Temple The Tunnel of Eupalinos Intercultural Context FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 6: The Greek West

Introduction The Geometric and Orientalizing Periods The Early and Middle Archaic Periods The Late Archaic Period The Early Classical Period The High Classical Period The Late Classical and Hellenistic Periods FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 7: The Use of Geometry by Ancient Greek Architects

Geometry in Greece Practical Applications in Greek Architectural Design Tools and Drawings Examples of Geometry in Use Vitruvius’ Use of the Greek Tradition of Applied Geometry FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 8: How Buildings Were Constructed

Literary Sources and Building Inscriptions Monumental Building Practices Construction Materials Quarrying and Transportation of Building Materials Site Preparation and Foundations Wall Construction The Arch Architectural Design Refinements FURTHER READING REFERENCES

PART II: Temples and Sanctuaries

CHAPTER 9: “Internationalism” in Architecture

History and Topography of Olympia Architecture at Olympia Foundation I: The Treasury of Sikyon Foundation II: The Treasury of Syracuse Foundation IV: The Treasury of Epidamnos Foundation IX: The Treasury of Selinous Foundation X: The Treasury of Metapontum Foundation XI: The Treasury of Megara Foundation XII: The Treasury of Gela Unattributed Architectural Elements Philippeion Internationalism at Olympia FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 10: Prestige in Greek Sanctuaries

Introduction Prestige: The Story So Far The Structure Itself The Space around the Structure The Experience of the Structure Over Time Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11: The Periclean Acropolis

The Persian War and the Acropolis Ruins as Monuments: The Acropolis North Wall The Propylaia and the Temple of Athena Polias The Mycenaean Era and the Periclean Acropolis The Archaic Tradition of Procession Non‐Processional Uses of the Ionic Order Ionic as Direct Address to the City The Monumental Effect of the Periclean Acropolis FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 12: Color and Carving

Color Relief Sculpture Sculpture in the Round The Parthenon FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 13: Attic Sanctuaries

Geography and Politico-Spatial Organization Panathenian Sanctuaries Deme Sanctuaries Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 14: Inscribing Construction

Introduction Building by Committee Syngraphai Works in Progress Accounting Inscriptions: Paper, Chisel, and Stone FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 15: The Interiors of Greek Temples

Light in the Interiors Organization of Space The Articulation and Placement of Interior Columns Interior Stairs, Attics, and Basements Cult Images Reflecting Pools Paintings and Votive Statues Furnishings Dedicated Vessels, Money, and Gold Temples as Museums Security Rituals inside Temples Visitors FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 16: Scale, Architects, and Architectural Theory

Scale Representation, Vision, and Architects Construction Phases of the Didymaion Theory, Nature, and Architecture Metrology and Modularity in the Didymaion Scale and Planning Architects and Theory FURTHER READING REFERENCES

PART III: Civic Space

CHAPTER 17: Urban Planning and Infrastructure

Urban Planning Stoas Roads and Streets Water Supply and Fountains FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 18: Protection and Trade

Early Greek Walled Cities Circuits and Masonry Techniques in the Archaic Period Transition in Design of Circuits in the Classical Period The Late Classical Period on the Greek Mainland Hellenistic Fortifications Harbors Ship Sheds FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 19: The Architecture of Greek Houses

Construction and Materials Houses and the Urban Environment The Planning and Layout of the Greek House Developments in the Late Classical and Hellenistic Periods FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 20: Hellenistic Royal Palaces

Basileia The Palace at Vergina The Palace at Pella Alexander’s Mobile Palace: the “Tent of One Hundred Couches” The Palace at Alexandria The Ptolemaic River Boat Palace The Palace at Demetrias The Palace at Pergamon FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 21: The Greek Agora

Origins City Planning and Urban Design Stoas Fountains and Water Civic Life and Politics Commerce Cult, Religion, and Festivals Athletic Competition Military Activity Memorial Display and Public Honors Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 22: Athletics

Introduction Footraces: Dromos and Stadion Training and Wrestling: Gymnasia and Palaistrai Equestrian Events: the Hippodrome Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 23: Greek Baths

Introduction History of the Study of Greek Baths Early Greek Baths Western Greek Baths Greek Baths in Egypt Later Hellenistic Baths in Greece FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 24: Bouleuteria and Odeia

Bouleuteria Odeia Two Athenian Odeia Enigmatic Buildings Setting Seating Capacity Roofing Summary Further Research Compendium Appendix: Recently Excavated and/or Published Bouleuteria/Odeia FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 25: The Greek Theater

Form: Space, Plan, and Design Function: Use and Purpose Economy, Geometry, and Multiplicity: Moving beyond Dramatic Performance FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 26: Commemorating the Dead

Grave Markers Tombs and Tomb Paintings FURTHER READING REFERENCES

PART IV: Reception

CHAPTER 27: The Spread of Greek Architecture

Pre-Hekatomnid Caria Pre-Hekatomnid Labraunda Hekatomnid Caria The Hekatomnid Sanctuary at Labraunda Andron B North Stoa Temple Andron A Oikoi South and East Propyla Doric Building, “Magazine Building,” and East Stoa Architectural Significance and Impact FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 28: Pergamon and Pergamene Influence

Pergamon and Its Phases of Construction The Pergamene Aesthetics of Space The Royal District The Great Altar Pergamene Architecture outside Pergamon ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 29: New Directions in Hellenistic Sanctuaries

The Offset Axis: The Sanctuary of Athena Lindia, Rhodes The Bent Axis: The Sanctuary of Asklepios at Kos The Intentionally Circuitous: The Sanctuary of the Great Gods on Samothrace Smaller-Scale Urban and Suburban Precincts: Priene, Megalopolis, and Pergamon Hellenistic Interventions in the Old Sanctuaries: Stoas and Votive Monuments Hellenistic Directions in Sacred Architectural Sculpture Responses to the Larger Hellenistic World: The Sanctuaries of Foreign Gods and Sanctuaries in Foreign lands Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 30: Three Seaside Wonders

Seven Sights or Seven Wonders? The Mausoleum of Halikarnassos (circa 350 BCE) The Colossus of Rhodes The Lighthouse of Alexandria A Wonderful Afterlife FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 31: From Hellenistic to Roman Architecture

Chronology Geography and Culture Materials and Techniques Architectural Type and Style Patronage and Purpose Theory and Meaning FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 32: Hellenistic Architecture in Italy: Consuetudo Italica

The Late Republic The Power Culture of Senatorial Patronage Public Patronage in Rome Patronage: Centralized and Dispersed, Senatorial and Municipal Architect and Builder The Etrusco-Italic Tradition New Models from Greece The Discipline of the Greek Orders: The Hellenized Late Republican Temple The Discipline of the Greek Orders: The Articulated Wall The Ordering of Large Spaces: Basilica and Porticus From Hellenistic to Roman FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 33: French Architectural Thought and the Idea of Greece

Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century French Views on Greek Architecture The Rustic Hut Evidence from Greek Buildings From Travel to Archaeology The Autonomy of Greece Visual Experience of Form Polychromy Motion in Architecture Conclusions FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 34: The Reception of Greek Architecture in Eighteenth-Century Britain

Introduction Setting the Scene: Hagley Hall The Neoclassical Mood Antiquarianism and National Identity Appropriating Ancient Greece The Birth of the Greek Revival FURTHER READING REFERENCES

CHAPTER 35: Ancient Ruins and Their Preservation

Memory and its Preservation: Past and Present Greece and the Preservation of Its Historical Remains From an Empirical Approach to an Ideological One The Ideology behind Modern Anastylosis A Case Study: the East Porch of the Parthenon Background to Decisions Governing the Restoration of the East Porch Procedural and Historical Concerns Preservation of Historical Evidence Historical Inconsistency Which Historical Phase to Restore? A New Approach to the Pronaos Restoration Epilogue FURTHER READING REFERENCES

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