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Index
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1: ARITHMETIC NOVELTIES
When Is a Number Divisible by 3 or 9?
When Is a Number Divisible by 11?
Divisibility by Prime Numbers
Squaring Numbers Quickly
Squares and Sums
Using Squares to Multiply Arbitrary Numbers
An Alternative Method for Extracting a Square Root
Sensible Number Comparisons
Euclidean Algorithm to Find the GCD
Sums of Positive Integers
Sums of Odd Positive Integers
The Realm of Nonterminating Decimals
Atoms in the Universe of Numbers
Fun with Number Relationships
Friendly Numbers
Palindromic Numbers
Prime Numbers
Infinite Primes
The Neglected Triangular Numbers
Perfect Numbers
Making Mistaken Generalizations
The Fibonacci Numbers
CHAPTER 2: ALGEBRAIC EXPLANATIONS OF ACCEPTED CONCEPTS
Simple Algebra Helps Logical Reasoning
Division by Zero
Irrationality of the Square Root of 2
Bisection Method to Approximate Square Roots
Continued Fractions of Square Roots
Fermat’s Method of Factoring
Comparing Means
Diophantine Equations
Falling Squares
Descartes’s Rule of Signs
Horner’s Method to Evaluate Polynomials
Generating Pythagorean Triples
The Frobenius Problem
CHAPTER 3: GEOMETRIC CURIOSITIES
Parallelograms and Triangles
Using a Grid to Calculate Areas
The Center of a Quadrilateral
Beyond the Formula for the Area of a Triangle
Heronian Triangles
A New Formula for the Area of Isosceles Triangles
Pick’s Theorem
When Intersecting Lines Meet a Circle
Origins of Trigonometry
Sines of Small Angles
An Unconventional View of the Sine
Surprising Proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem
Beyond the Pythagorean Theorem—Part I
Beyond the Pythagorean Theorem—Part II
Beyond the Pythagorean Theorem—Part III
The Pythagorean Theorem Extended to Three Dimensions
Polyhedra: Sides, Faces, and Vertices
Lunes and the Right Triangle
Concurrency
Similarity and the Golden Ratio
A Relation between Points and Circles
Constructions with Compasses Alone
The Sphere and the Cylinder
Regular Polygons and Stars
Platonic Solids and Star Polyhedra
CHAPTER 4: PROBABILITY APPLIED TO EVERYDAY EXPERIENCES
How the Theory of Probability Began
Benford’s Law
The Birthday Phenomenon
The Monty Hall Problem
Bertrand’s Box
The False Positive Paradox
Pascal’s Triangle
Random Walks
The Poker Wild-Card Paradox
CHAPTER 5: COMMON SENSE FROM A MATHEMATICAL PERSPECTIVE
The Origins of Some Mathematics Symbols
The Counterintuitive
A Surprising Solution
Don’t “Wine” over This Problem—A Problem-Solving Approach
Organized Thinking
Successive Percentages
Rule of 72
A Mathematical Conjecture
Unexpected Patterns
An Infinity Conundrum
The Concept of Infinity
Counting the Uncountable
Mathematics on a Bicycle
The Parabola: A Remarkable Curve
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
APPENDIX
NOTES
INDEX
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