Embedded Android by Yaghmour, Karim -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Embedded Android Dedication Dedication Preface

Learning How to Embed Android Audience for This Book Organization of the Material Software Versions Conventions Used in This Book Using Code Examples Safari® Books Online How to Contact Us Acknowledgments

1. Introduction

History Features and Characteristics Development Model

Differences From “Classic” Open Source Projects Feature Inclusion, Roadmaps, and New Releases

Ecosystem

A Word on the Open Handset Alliance

Getting “Android” Legal Framework

Code Licenses Branding Use Google’s Own Android Apps Alternative App Markets Oracle versus Google Mobile Patent Warfare

Hardware and Compliance Requirements

Compliance Definition Document

Software Application packaging compatibility Multimedia compatibility Developer tool compatibility Hardware compatibility Performance compatibility Security model compatibility Software compatibility testing Updatable software

Compliance Test Suite

Development Setup and Tools

2. Internals Primer

App Developer’s View

Android Concepts

Components Intents Component lifecycle Manifest file Processes and threads Remote procedure calls (RPCs)

Framework Intro App Development Tools Native Development

Overall Architecture Linux Kernel

Wakelocks Low-Memory Killer Binder Anonymous Shared Memory (ashmem) Alarm Logger Other Notable Androidisms

Hardware Support

The Linux Approach Android’s General Approach Loading and Interfacing Methods Device Support Details

Native User-Space

Filesystem Layout Libraries Init

Configuration language Global properties udev events

Toolbox Daemons Command-Line Utilities

Dalvik and Android’s Java

Java Native Interface (JNI)

System Services

Service Manager and Binder Interaction Calling on Services A Service Example: the Activity Manager

Stock AOSP Packages System Startup

3. AOSP Jump-Start

Development Host Setup Getting the AOSP Inside the AOSP Build Basics

Build System Setup Building Android

Running Android Using the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) Mastering the Emulator

4. The Build System

Comparison with Other Build Systems Architecture

Configuration envsetup.sh Function Definitions Main Make Recipes Cleaning Module Build Templates Output

Build Recipes

The Default droid Build Seeing the Build Commands Building the SDK for Linux and Mac OS Building the SDK for Windows Building the CTS Building the NDK Updating the API Building a Single Module Building Out of Tree Building Recursively, In-Tree

Basic AOSP Hacks

Adding a Device Adding an App Adding an App Overlay Adding a Native Tool or Daemon Adding a Native Library

5. Hardware Primer

Typical System Architecture

The Baseband Processor Core Components Real-World Interaction Connectivity Expansion, Development, and Debugging

What’s in a System-on-Chip (SoC)? Memory Layout and Mapping Development Setup Evaluation Boards

6. Native User-Space

Filesystem

The Root Directory /system /data

Multiuser support

SD Card The Build System and the Filesystem

Build templates and file locations Explicitly copying files Default rights and ownership

adb

Theory of Operation Main Flags, Parameters, and Environment Variables Basic Local Commands Device Connection and Status Basic Remote Commands

Shell Dumping the logs Getting a bug report Port forwarding Dalvik debugging

Filesystem Commands State-Altering Commands

Rebooting Running as root Switching connection type Controlling the emulator

Tunneling PPP

Android’s Command Line

The Shell Up to 2.3/Gingerbread The Shell Since 4.0/Ice-Cream Sandwich Toolbox

Common Linux commands Global properties Input events Controlling services Logging ioctl Wiping the device Other Android-specific commands

nandread newfs_msdos notify r schedtop setconsole smd

Core Native Utilities and Daemons

logcat netcfg debuggerd Other Android-specific core utilities and daemons

check_prereq linker logwrapper run-as sdcard utility

Extra Native Utilities and Daemons Framework Utilities and Daemons

Init

Theory of Operation Configuration Files

Location Semantics

Property-based triggers Action commands Service declarations Service options

Main init.rc Board-specific .rc files

Global Properties

Theory of operation Nomenclature and sets Storage

The build system Additional property files .rc files Code /data/property

ueventd Boot Logo

7. Android Framework

Kick-Starting the Framework

Core Building Blocks System Services Boot Animation

bootanimation.zip Disabling the boot animation

Dex Optimization Apps Startup

Input methods Persistent apps Home screen BOOT_COMPLETED intent APPWIDGET_UPDATE intent

Utilities and Commands

General-Purpose Utilities

service dumpsys dumpstate rawbu

Service-Specific Utilities

am pm svc ime input monkey bmgr stagefright

Dalvik Utilities

dalvikvm dvz dexdump

Support Daemons

installd vold netd rild keystore Other Support Daemons

Hardware Abstraction Layer

A. Legacy User-Space

Basics Theory of Operation Merging with the AOSP Using the Combined Stacks Caveats and Pending Issues Moving Forward

B. Adding Support for New Hardware

The Basics The System Service The HAL and Its Extension The HAL Module Calling the System Service Starting the System Service Caveats and Recommendations

C. Customizing the Default Lists of Packages

Overall Dependencies Assembling the Final PRODUCT_PACKAGES Trimming Packages

D. Default init.rc Files

2.3/Gingerbread’s default init.rc 4.2/Jelly Bean’s Default init Files

init.rc init.usb.rc init.trace.rc

E. Resources

Websites and Communities

Google SoC Vendors Forks Documentation and Forums Embedded Linux Build Tools Open Hardware Projects

Books Conferences and Events

Index About the Author Colophon Copyright

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