Expert Failure (9781108628174) by Koppl, Roger -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Coverpage Half title Series page Title page Imprints page Dedication Contents Acknowledgments 1 Introduction Part I Nature and History of the Problem

2 Is There a Literature on Experts?

Introduction A Simple Taxonomy Berger and Luckmann Defining “Expert”

3 Two Historical Episodes in the Problem of Experts

Introduction The Socratic Tradition Expert Witnesses in Law

4 Recurrent Themes in the Theory of Experts

Power Ethics Reflexivity The Well-Informed Citizen Democratic Control of Experts Discussion Market Structure Information Choice in the Context of the Literature on Experts

Definitions Power Ethics Reflexivity The Well-Informed Citizen Democratic Control of Experts Discussion Market Structure

Closing Remark

Part II Foundations of the Theory of Experts

5 Notes on Some Economic Terms and Ideas

Spontaneous Order Competition

6 The Division of Knowledge through Mandeville

Introduction The Division of Knowledge

7 The Division of Knowledge after Mandeville

Vico to Marx Menger to Hayek After Hayek

Part III Information Choice Theory

8 The Supply and Demand for Expert Opinion

The Economic Point of View on Experts Identifying the Commodity and Defining “Expert” Information Choice Theory Honest Error and Willful Fraud The Economics of Experts Fills a Niche The Demand for Expert Opinion The Supply of Expert Opinion

9 Experts and Their Ecology

Motivational Assumptions of Information Choice Theory

Experts Seek to Maximize Utility Cognition is Limited and Erring Incentives Influence the Distribution of Expert Errors

The Ecology of Expertise

Part IV Expert Failure

10 Expert Failure and Market Structure

Two Dimensions of Expert Failure

The Rule of Experts Expert-Dependent Choice The Quasi-Rule of Experts Self-Rule or Autonomy

Identity, Sympathy, Approbation, and Praiseworthiness Observer Effects, Bias, and Blinding

11 Further Sources of Expert Failure

Normal Accidents of Expertise Complexity and Feedback Incentive Alignment The Ecology of Expertise Professions Regulation Monopsony and Big Players Comments on the Market for Ideas Epistemic Systems Design

12 Expert Failure in the Entangled Deep State

Expert Failure and America’s Entangled Deep State Closing Remarks

References Index