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Index
Praise for Opening Up by Writing It Down
Authors' Note
Introduction
CHAPTER 1: "Shh . . . It’s a Secret"
Setting the Stage: Clues to the Links among Secrets, Disclosure, and Health
Psychological Links to Illness and Health
Fitting the Puzzle Together
Casting a 21st-Century Spin on Some Old Ideas
CHAPTER 2: The Invention of the Expressive Writing Approach
The Case of Traumatic Sexual Experiences
Expressive Writing and Illness Prevention
The Origin of Expressive Writing
Exploring the Immune System: Writing about Traumas Is Better Than We Thought
Beyond Health: Writing and Occupational Survival
Does Writing Work?: The First Round of Meta-Analyses
CHAPTER 3: What’s on Your Mind?
The Role of Talking in Achieving Catharsis versus Insight
The Case of Joey
The Letting-Go Experience
The Physiology of Inhibition and Confession: Heavy Heart, Sweaty Hands
The Body's Response to Confession
High Disclosers versus Low Disclosers
This Is Your Brain on Confession
The Laboratory’s Role in Confession
CHAPTER 4: Dealing with Chronic Health Problems Using Expressive Writing
Beginning Research on Chronic Conditions and Expressive Writing
The Nature of Diseases: A Side Note on Psychosomatics
The Biology and Psychology of Expressive Writing
Writing for People with Chronic Disease
Final Thoughts on Expressive Writing for Chronic Disease
CHAPTER 5: Writing to Clear the Mind
Writing as a Tool for Education
Writing to Improve Learning and Health Outcomes
Writing as a Boost to Learning and Creativity
Diaries, Journals, and Social Media
Adding Computers to the Mix
The Downside of Writing
Final Thoughts on Writing to Clear the Mind
CHAPTER 6: "Get These Thoughts Out of My Head!"
Prisoners of Unwanted Thoughts
Building Healthier Thinking: Using Your Brain to Its Full Potential
Getting Stupid to Avoid Stress
Escaping Uncontrollable Stress
From Mindlessness to Mindfulness
When We Can't Simply Shake It Off
If You Plan to Think Well Tomorrow, You’d Better Get a Good Night’s Sleep—or Else
Final Thoughts on Managing Your Thoughts
CHAPTER 7: To Speed Up or Slow Down?
The Natural Sequence of Coping
A Brief History of Coping with Trauma
The Resilience of People
Psychotherapy Is Often Not Needed after a Traumatic Experience
The Differences among Traumas: The Special Case of Bereavement
Love and Grief: A Temporal Theory
Julie versus Ellen: A Comparison of Diaries
Is Power Grieving™ or, Perhaps, Power Coping™ in Our Future?
Easing the College Transition
Caveat Emptor
Final Thoughts and Some Important Lessons about Coping
CHAPTER 8: "I’m Here for You... or Am I?"
Talking about and Reacting to Trauma: The Loss of a Loved One
The Loss of Social Support after a Loved One Dies
Marital Problems Resulting from Shared Traumas
Disclosure and Relationship Trauma
When Talking to Others Is Helpful versus Not Helpful
Choosing a Confidant
The Burden of Listening to Others’ Traumas
Personal Values Embedded within the Context
CHAPTER 9: How Does Writing Help Us Secure a Healthier and Happier Future?
The Need for Completion and the Search for Meaning
Making Sense of Our World
Understanding the Unfathomable
Losing Your Job: Brian’s Story
Looking for the Positive: Benefit Finding
The Role of Translating Experiences into Language
Summarizing and Sharing Memory to Reduce Stress
The Drive toward Self-Expression
Expression through Dancing and Drawing
Words Matter
The Role of Narrative
Working Memory, Sleep, and Social Connections
Putting It All Together: A Disclosure Process Model
CHAPTER 10: Pulling It All Together
When Should You Engage in Expressive Writing?
When Should You Not Engage in Expressive Writing?
Is It Necessary to Focus on Traumatic or Negative Experiences?
How Often, How Long, and How Much Time between Sessions Is Best?
What Role Does Context or Ritual Play?
Is Expressive Writing Effective Only for Certain People?
Putting It into Practice
CODA
Notes
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 4
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 9
Bibliography
Author and Subject Indexes
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