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Index
Cover
Title page
Copyright page
List of Contributors
Preface
Part One: Speech Production and Development
1 Physical Structure and Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Hard and Soft Palates and the Velopharynx
1.3 The Tonsils and Adenoids
1.4 The Larynx
1.5 The Jaws, Dentition and Occlusion
1.6 Symmetry: Structure and Function
1.7 The Tongue
1.8 The Lips
1.9 Summary: Compensations Across Systems
2 The Development of Speech in Children with Cleft Palate
2.1 Overview
2.2 The Impact of Clefting on Speech Production
2.3 Variables Impacting Speech Development for Young Children with Cleft Palate
2.4 Speech Development: Birth to Age Five
2.5 Conclusion
3 The Influence of Related Conditions on Speech and Communication
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Conditions Related to Structural Etiologies
3.3 Conditions Related to Neurological Aetiology
3.4 Conditions Related to a Combination of Structural and Neurological Aetiology
3.5 Clinical Implications
4 Surgical Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Cleft Lip and Palate
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Basics of Surgery on Cleft Palate
4.3 Basics of Outcomes
4.4 Speech Outcomes
4.5 Conclusions
Appendix 4.A Review of Evidence and Methodology in Studies of Speech Outcome in Individuals Born with Cleft Lip and Palate
5 Secondary Management and Speech Outcome
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence
5.3 Secondary Pharyngeal Flap
5.4 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Muscle Transposition
5.5 Studies Comparing Treatments of VPI
5.6 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Implants and Injections
5.7 Velarplasty
5.8 Other Considerations in Managing VPI
5.9 Complications Secondary to Pharyngoplasties
5.10 Conclusions
6 Cleft Palate Speech in the Majority World: Models of Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Diverse Cultural and Language Contexts
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Speech Outcomes in a Majority World Context
6.3 Different Models of Provision
6.4 Attitudes/Cultural Aspects
6.5 Conclusion
Part Two: Speech Assessment and Intervention
7 Phonetic Transcription for Speech Related to Cleft Palate
7.1 Introduction
7.2 What is Phonetic Transcription?
7.3 Why Transcribe?
7.4 What to Transcribe and How to Transcribe It
7.5 Features of Cleft Speech Production
7.6 Pitfalls of Transcription
7.7 Conclusion
Appendices
8 Instrumentation in the Analysis of the Structure and Function of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Visualization of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism
8.3 Multiview Videofluoroscopy
8.4 Nasendoscopy Procedure
8.5 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
8.6 Variability in Practice
8.7 Future
9 Cross Linguistic Perspectives on Speech Assessment in Cleft Palate
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Vulnerable Speech Sounds
9.3 Language Background of the Listener Assessing the Speech of Children with Cleft Palate
9.4 What Is Known about More Unfamiliar Languages?
9.5 Cross Linguistic Speech Samples
9.6 Influence on Assessment of Language Acquisition in the Young Child with Cleft Palate
9.7 Conclusion
10 Voice Assessment and Intervention
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Defining a Voice Disorder
10.3 Assessment
10.4 Instrumental Assessment
10.5 Vocal Handicap Measures
10.6 Treatment
10.7 Conclusion
11 Nasality – Assessment and Intervention
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Perceptual Assessment of Nasality and Nasal Airflow Errors
11.3 Instrumental Assessment of Nasality and Nasal Airflow Errors
11.4 Interpreting Results
11.5 Intervention
11.6 Conclusion
Appendix 11.A Temple Street Scale of Nasality and Nasal Airflow Errors
12 Articulation – Instruments for Research and Clinical Practice
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Electropalatography (EPG)
12.3 Imaging Techniques
12.4 Motion Tracking
12.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
13 Psycholinguistic Assessment and Intervention
13.1 Introduction
13.2 What is a Psycholinguistic Approach?
13.3 A Psycholinguistic Assessment Framework
13.4 Intervention from a Psycholinguistic Perspective
13.5 Literacy: Phonological Awareness and Spelling
13.6 Summary
14 Early Communication Assessment and Intervention
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Assessment
14.3 Intervention
15 Phonological Approaches to Speech Difficulties Associated with Cleft Palate
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Variability, Variation and Compensation
15.3 Classification of Speech Difficulties Related to Cleft Palate
15.4 Phonological Assessment of Speech Data Related to Cleft Palate
15.5 Phonological Consequences of Speech Production Related to Cleft Palate
15.6 Intervention
15.7 Summary
16 Speech Intelligibility
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Definition of Intelligibility and Related Concepts
16.3 Measurement Issues
16.4 Studies of Intelligibility in Speakers with Cleft Palate
16.5 Current and Future Developments
16.6 Conclusion
17 Communicative Participation
17.1 Introduction
17.2 ICF
17.3 Communicative Participation
17.4 Conclusions and Clinical Implications
18 Evaluation and Evidence-Based Practice
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Intervention for Speech Disorders
18.3 Evidence-Based Practice
18.4 The Systematic Review Process
18.5 Evidence Findings Establishing Therapy Effectiveness
18.6 Instrumentation – Visual Feedback
18.7 Surgery
18.8 Comments about Intervention Effectiveness
18.9 Intervention and the International Classification of Function (ICF)
18.10 Research Designs for Intervention Studies
18.11 Conclusions
Appendix 18.A Commonly Used Evidence Hierarchies for Intervention Studies
Index
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