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Index
Cover
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Introduction
Part I: Delineation of Social Anxiety
Chapter 1: Conceptualizing and Describing Social Anxiety and Its Disorders
Abstract
Introduction
Overlapping and contrasting emotional states
Definitions
Diagnostic nosology classifications
Relation of performance deficits and social anxiety
Forms of SAD
Cultural and developmental considerations
Coverage across disciplines and subdisciplines
Summary and conclusions
Acknowledgments
Chapter 2: Avoidant Personality Disorder and its Relationship to Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Introduction
Diagnostic issues using the DSM
Review of early findings
Findings from more recent literature
Discussion
Conclusions
Chapter 3: Assessment of Social Anxiety and its Clinical Expressions
Abstract
The clinical interview
Interviewer-rated scales
Self-report measures
General measures of social anxiety and social anxiety disorder
Measures of theoretically derived components of social anxiety
Self-report measures for children and adolescents
Role-playing procedures
Self-monitoring
Thought-listing and thought-endorsement procedures
Psychophysiological assessment
Summary
Chapter 4: Shyness, Social Anxiety, and Social Phobia
Abstract
Introduction
Prevalence
Development of chronic shyness
Individual differences in shy and socially phobic individuals
Characteristics of shy and socially phobic individuals
Social fitness training
Chapter 5: Embarrassment and Social Anxiety Disorder: Fraternal Twins or Distant Cousins?
Abstract
The nature of embarrassment
Embarrassment and SAD
Conclusions
Chapter 6: Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder Across Cultures
Abstract
Prevalence of social anxiety and SAD across countries
Cultural dimensions that may impact social anxiety
Cultural variations of social anxiety
Challenges of cross-cultural assessment
Psychological treatment of SAD across cultures
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Perfectionism and Perfectionistic Self-Presentation in Social Anxiety
Abstract
Case examples linking perfectionism with social anxiety
Unidimensional versus Multidimensional Conceptualizations of Perfectionism
Overview of previous research
Perfectionism and the role of discrepancy in social anxiety
Toward an extended model of perfectionism and social anxiety
Treatment implications
Summary and future directions
Chapter 8: Social Phobia as a Deficit in Social Skills
Abstract
Introduction
Aim and method
The notion of social skills
What are social skills?
Two views of social skills
Assessment of the social skills of the socially phobic
Self-reports
Role-play tests
Skills deficits and social phobia—direct and indirect evidence
Discussion
Chapter 9: Social Anxiety Disorder and Its Relation to Clinical Syndromes in Adulthood
Abstract
Comorbidity in studies using DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria
Comorbidity in studies using DSM-IV criteria
Comorbidity between social anxiety disorder and other conditions
Cross-cultural expressions of comorbidity and individual differences in comorbidity
Comment and future directions
Chapter 10: Social Anxiety in Children and Adolescents: Biological, Developmental, and Social Considerations
Abstract
History and morphology of social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
Biological factors
Developmental factors
Social factors
The maintenance of childhood social anxiety: a cognitive-behavioral model
Evidence-based treatment of social anxiety
Conclusion/future directions
Chapter 11: Prevention and Early Intervention of Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Understanding social anxiety
The development of social anxiety
Prevention and early intervention of social anxiety
Prevention programs
Future research directions and summary
Part II: Theoretical Perspectives
Chapter 12: Neuroendocrinology and Neuroimaging Studies of Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Introduction
Neuroendocrinology of social anxiety disorder
Neuroanatomy of social anxiety disorder
Integrating neuroendocrine and neuroanatomical studies
General conclusions
Future directions
Chapter 13: Temperamental Contributions to the Development of Psychological Profiles: I. Basic Issues
Abstract
How many temperaments?
Genes and neurochemistry
Other origins of temperaments
Sources of evidence
The enthusiasm for biology
Chapter 14: Temperamental Contributions to the Development of Psychological Profiles: II. Two Candidates
Abstract
Variation in reactions to the unfamiliar
Uncertainty and temperament
High- and low-reactive infants
Assessment
Determinism or limitations?
Categories or continua?
Concluding comments
Chapter 15: Mechanisms of Learning and Behavior Change in Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Introduction
Current status of behavioral theory of social anxieties and social anxiety disorder
Contemporary behavioral principles as a basis for the further development of theories of social anxieties, social anxiety disorder, and therapeutic change
Summary and conclusions
Chapter 16: Cognitive Biases in Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Introduction
Attention
Interpretation
Memory
Conclusions
Chapter 17: Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Emotion in social anxiety disorder
Emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder
Emotion regulation interventions for social anxiety disorder
Concluding comment
Chapter 18: Social Anxiety and the Self
Abstract
The self
A social cognitive perspective
Self-schema content
Self-referent cognitive processing
Self-related motives and behavioral strategies
Self-schema structure, organization, and clarity
Summary
Chapter 19: Positivity Deficits in Social Anxiety: Emotions, Events, and Cognitions
Abstract
Diminished positive experiences in social anxiety
A self-regulatory model of social anxiety
Impaired positive cognitions in social anxiety
Biological markers of diminished rewards in social anxiety
Meaningful heterogeneity in social anxiety
Summary and treatment implications
Chapter 20: Social Anxiety as an Early Warning System: A Refinement and Extension of the Self-Presentation Theory of Social Anxiety
Abstract
The original self-presentation theory
Extending the self-presentation approach: sociometer theory
Social anxiety and interpersonal behavior
Implications for treatment
Conclusions
Chapter 21: Evolutionary Perspective on Social Anxiety
Abstract
An evolutionary perspective on social life
Processing and expression of emotional signals
Person perception
Self-presentation in the virtual sphere
Responses to events connoting change in social status
Responses to changes in belongingness
Clinical implications
Summary
Part III: Treatment Approaches
Chapter 22: Psychopharmacology for Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Medication treatments
Recommendations
Chapter 23: Treatment of Adult Social Anxiety Disorder: A Treatments-by-Dimensions Review
Abstract
Treatment impact on physiological symptoms and neurological activity
Treatment impact on cognitive symptoms
Treatment impact on overt behavioral performance
Summary
Acknowledgments
Chapter 24: A Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
The model
Emotional expression and dysregulation in social anxiety disorder
Closing comments
Chapter 25: Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder and attentional processes: Theory and experimental evidence
Evidence of mindfulness-based interventions in social anxiety disorder
Mindfulness-based task concentration for social anxiety disorder: An eight-week protocol
Discussion
Appendix: Examples of personal process descriptions from patients
Acknowledgments
Chapter 26: A Comparison between Psychosocial and Pharmacological Treatments
Abstract
Psychosocial treatments
Pharmacological treatments
Comparison of psychosocial and pharmacological treatments
Novel therapeutics: combining “cognitive enhancers” with psychosocial treatment
Discussion
Chapter 27: Mechanisms of Action in the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
A model of social anxiety disorder
Mechanisms of treatment: Pharmacotherapy
Mechanisms of treatment: CBT
Combined pharmacotherapy and CBT
Social skills training
Acceptance and commitment therapy
Other psychosocial treatments
Summary
Index
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