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Index
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: The Peoples of India and the Caste System
Selected Groups
Andamanese
Badaga
Bhil
Bhutia
Bodo
Bohras
Bundela
Gond
Ho
Kadar
Kharia
Khasi
Khoja
Khond
Koli
Korku
Kota
Kuki
Lepcha
Magar
Maratha
Meithei
Mina
Mizo
Munda
Naga
Oraon
Pahari
Sansi
Santhal
Savara
Tamil
Toda
Caste
Varnas
Jatis
Cultural Milieu
Family and Kinship
Festivals and Holidays
Cuisine
Clothing
Sports and Recreation
Media and Publishing
Chapter 2: Indian Languages and Writing Systems
Indian Languages
Indo-Aryan (Indic)
General Characteristics
Hindi
Asamiya (Assamese)
Bangla (Bengali)
Dogri
Gujarati
Kashmiri
Konkani
Maithili
Marathi
Nepali
Oriya
Punjabi
Sanskrit
Sindhi
Urdu
Dravidian
The History of the Dravidian Languages
Dravidian Studies
Kannada
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Other Languages and Lingua Francas
Munda
Tibeto-Burman
Indian English
Hindustani
Indic Writing Systems
Kharosthi
Brahmi
Gupta Scripts
Grantha Alphabet
Devanagari
Chapter 3: Hinduism
The Term Hinduism
General Nature of Hinduism
The Five Tensile Strands
Doctrine
Practice
Society
Story
Devotion
Central Conceptions
Veda, Brahmans, and Issues of Religious Authority
Doctrine of Atman-Brahman
Karma, Samsara, and Moksha
Dharma and the Three Paths
Ashramas: The Four Stages of Life
Practical Hinduism
Devotion
Deities
Worship
Divination, Spirit Possession, and Healing
Women’s Religious Practices
Pilgrimage
Rituals, Social Practices, and Institutions
Temple Worship
Shaiva Rites
Vaishnava Rites
Sacred Times and Festivals
Diwali
Cultural Expressions: Visual Arts, Theatre, and Dance
Types of Symbols
The Arts
Hinduism and the World Beyond
Hinduism and Islam
Hinduism and Christianity
Diasporic Hinduism
Chapter 4: Other Indigenous Indian Religions and Indian Philosophy
Religions
Sikhism
History and Doctrine
The 10 Gurus
The 18th and 19th Centuries
The 20th Century to the Early 21st Century
Sikh Practice
The Worship Service
The Rejection of Caste
Rites and Festivals
Sects and Other Groups
Sects
Other Groups
Conclusion
Jainism
History
Early History (7th Century BC–c. 5th Century AD)
Early Medieval Developments (500–1100)
Late Medieval–Early Modern Developments (1100–1800)
Later Jain History
Important Figures of Jain Legend
Doctrines of Jainism
Time and the Universe
Jiva and Ajiva
Karman
Theories of Knowledge as Applied to Liberation
Jain Ethics
Ritual Practices and Religious Institutions
Monks, Nuns, and Their Practices
Religious Activity of the Laity
Image Worship
Jainism and Other Religions
Buddhism
Buddha
The Buddha’s Message
Suffering, Impermanence, and No-Self
Karma
The Four Noble Truths
The Law of Dependent Origination
The Eightfold Path
Nirvana
Expansion of Buddhism
Buddhism Under the Guptas and Palas
The Demise of Buddhism in India
Contemporary Revival
Indian Philosophy
Significance of Indian Philosophies in the History of Philosophy
General Characteristics of Indian Philosophy
Common Concerns
Forms of Argument and Presentation
Roles of Sacred Texts, Mythology, and Theism
A General History of Development and Cultural Background
The Prelogical Period
The Logical Period
The Ultralogical Period
Chapter 5: Indian Visual Arts
General Characteristics of Indian Art
The Unity of Indian Art
The Materials of Indian Art
Indian and Foreign Art
Indian Art and Religion
The Artist and Patron
The Appreciation of Indian Art
Indian Sculpture
Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500–1800 BC)
Maurya Period (c. 3rd Century BC)
Second and First Centuries BC
Relief Sculpture of Northern and Central India
Relief Sculpture of Andhradesha
Relief Sculpture of Western India
Relief Sculpture of Orissa
Sculpture in the Round and Terra-Cotta
In the First to Fourth Centuries AD
Mathura
Gandhara
Andhradesha
Terra-Cotta
Gupta Period (c. 4th–6th Centuries AD)
Mathura
Sarnath
Central India
Maharashtra
Other Regions
Terra-Cotta
Medieval Indian Sculpture
North India
Southern India
Maharashtra and Karnataka
Indian Painting
Prehistoric and Protohistoric Periods
Ancient Wall Painting
Eastern Indian Style
Western Indian Style
Transition to the Mughal and Rajasthani Styles
Akbar Period (1556–1605)
Jahāngīr Period (1605–27)
Shāh Jahān Period (1628–58)
Aurangzeb and the Later Mughals (1659–1806)
Company School
Deccani Style
Rajasthani Style
Pahari Style
Modern Period
Indian Decorative Arts
Pre-Islamic Period
Islamic Period
Chapter 6: Indian Music
Folk, Classical, and Popular Music
Rural Areas
Classical Music
Nonclassical Music of the Cities
Antiquity
Vedic Chant
Compilation of Hymns
Chant Intonation
The Classical Period
Qualities of the Scales
Mode, or Jati
Medieval Period
Precursors of the Medieval System
Further Development of the Grama-Ragas
The Islamic Period
Impact on Musical Genres and Aesthetics
Theoretical Developments
The Modern Period
Rhythmic Organization
South India
North India
Musical Forms and Instruments
South India
North India
Tabla
Interaction with Western Music
Chapter 7: Indian Performing Arts
Indian Dance
Classical Dance
The Dance-Drama
Techniques and Types of Classical Dance
The Bharata Natyam School
The Kathakali School
The Kathak School
The Manipuri School
The Kuchipudi School
The Odissi Tradition
Other Classical Dance Forms
Folk Dance
Bhangra
Modern Indian Dance
Dance-Training Centres
Indian Theatre
Classical Theatre
Folk Theatre
Modern Theatre
Dance and Theatre in Kashmir
Chapter 8: Indian Architecture
Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500–1800 BC)
The Maurya Period (c. 321–185 BC)
Early Indian Architecture (2nd Century BC–3rd Century AD)
The Gupta Period (4th–6th Centuries AD)
Medieval Temple Architecture
North Indian Style
Orissa
Central India
Ellora Caves
Rajasthan
Gujarat
Karnataka
Kashmir
South Indian Style
Tamil Nadu (7th–18th Century)
Karnataka
Maharashtra, Andhradesha, and Kerala
Islamic Architecture of the Delhi and Provincial Sultanates
Islamic Architecture of the Mughal Style
European Traditions and the Modern Period
Conclusion
Glossary
For Further Reading
Index
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