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Index
Praise
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Preface
OVERVIEW OF THE BOOK
AN ADVANCE APOLOGY
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 - Intangible Companies—Who are These Guys?
WHAT IS AN INTANGIBLE COMPANY?
WHY ARE COMPANIES ACQUIRED?
WHY ARE COMPANIES SOLD?
WHEN ARE COMPANIES SOLD?
THE NUANCES OF SELLING AN INTANGIBLE COMPANY
SUMMARY
Chapter 2 - Debunking the Myths of Selling the Intangible
THE MYTH OF INTRINSIC VALUE
THE MYTH OF A NARROW VALUE RANGE
THE MYTH OF REVENUE MULTIPLES
THE MYTH OF LIQUIDITY
THE ROLODEX MYTH
THE MYTH OF BIG BUYERS
THE MYTH THAT SMALL M&A IS LIKE BIG M&A
THE MYTH THAT THE CEO SHOULD SELL THE COMPANY
SUMMARY
Chapter 3 - The Sale Process
MAKE SURE THE SELLER UNDERSTANDS THE PROCESS
THE NEGOTIATED SALE
THE TYPICAL TIME FRAME FOR A DEAL
ANOTHER APPROACH: THE TWO-STEP AUCTION
THE RESTART
HOW TO HANDLE CONFIDENTIALITY
SUMMARY
Chapter 4 - Preparing a company for Sale
IMPROVE PROFITABILITY AND OPERATIONS
GET YOUR HOUSE IN ORDER
REDUCE RISKS
SELLING JUST TECHNOLOGY
SUMMARY
Chapter 5 - Who are the Best Buyers?
REASONS BUYERS BUY
CATEGORIES OF BUYERS
IDENTIFYING THE RIGHT BUYERS
VIEWING A MARKET SPACE
CONTACTING BUYERS
MARKETS ARE ALWAYS MOVING
THE PERILS OF POLARIZED MARKETS
SUMMARY
Chapter 6 - Public or Private—Pros and Cons
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN SELLING TO A PUBLIC COMPANY
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN SELLING TO A PRIVATE COMPANY
SUMMARY
Chapter 7 - The Concept of Value
VALUE IS NOT NECESSARY
REVIEWING THE MYTHS
WHAT IS A MARKET?
TYPES OF VALUE
THE TIME PREMIUM
TRADITIONAL VALUATION METHODS
RULES OF THUMB FOR DETERMINING VALUE
HOW A BUYER DETERMINES PRICE
OPTIMUM PRICE VS. MARKET STAGE
SUMMARY
Chapter 8 - The Poker Game of Negotiations
THE NEGOTIATING PROCESS
GOOD NEGOTIATING STRATEGIES
KNOW YOUR OPPONENT
UTILIZE GAME THEORY
THE OPENING GAMBIT—SETTING A PRICE
COMMUNICATION DYNAMICS
NEGOTIATIONS DO NOT HAVE TO BE LOGICAL
NEGOTIATING RULES AND TACTICS
COMMON NEGOTIATING MISTAKES
MANAGING AND GENERATING ALTERNATIVES
SUMMARY: IS NEGOTIATING AN ART?
Chapter 9 - The Challenges and Opportunities of Selling
ROADBLOCKS, OBSTACLES, AND DEAL KILLERS
SHAREHOLDER AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES
PROBLEMS ON THE BUYER’S SIDE
WHY COMPANIES DO NOT SELL
RESPONDING TO AN UNSOLICITED OFFER
SUMMARY
Chapter 10 - The Problem with CEOs
FOUNDER LEAVES $50 MILLION ON THE TABLE
COMMON ISSUES
18 REASONS WHY A CEO SHOULD NOT SELL HIS OR HER OWN COMPANY
A TALE OF TECH HUBRIS
SUMMARY
Chapter 11 - Structuring the Transaction
SELLING ASSETS
SELLING STOCK
FORMS OF PAYMENT
CREATIVE STRUCTURING
CONSULTING CONTRACTS AND NONCOMPETE AGREEMENTS
A FEW OTHER ISSUES
BUYER ACCOUNTING FOR THE ACQUISITION
SUMMARY
Chapter 12 - Documenting the Deal
CRAFTING THE LETTER OF INTENT
NAVIGATING THE DUE DILIGENCE PROCESS
THE PURCHASE AGREEMENT
THE PRECLOSING PERIOD
SUMMARY
Chapter 13 - Earnouts
WHEN EARNOUTS ARE APPROPRIATE
WHEN EARNOUTS ARE NOT APPROPRIATE
STRUCTURING TIPS
SUMMARY
Chapter 14 - Using Investment Bankers and Third Parties
MAKING THE DECISION TO WORK WITH AN INTERMEDIARY
CHOOSING THE RIGHT SIZE INVESTMENT BANKER FOR YOUR TRANSACTION
A WORD ABOUT FEES
PROBLEM BANKERS
WORKING EFFECTIVELY WITH AN INVESTMENT BANKER
CRITICAL DEAL SKILLS FOR INVESTMENT BANKERS
FINDING THE RIGHT ATTORNEY AND ACCOUNTANT
SUMMARY
Afterword
A - The Beauty of Small Acquisitions
B - Notes on International Deals
C - How to Select an Investment Banker
About the Author
Index
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