[Gutenberg 19446] • Slave Narratives: a Folk History of Slavery in the United States / From Interviews with Former Slaves / Arkansas Narratives, Part 3 by Administration, United States. Work Projects -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Transcriber’s Note SLAVE NARRATIVES A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves

INFORMANTS ILLUSTRATIONS

— — 1937 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Charlie Gadson Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 67 #771 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Dr. D. B. Gaines 1720 Izard Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 75

Opinions Interviewer’s Comment

#648 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Mary Gaines Brinkley, Arkansas Age: Born 1872

Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: William Gant Forrest City, Arkansas Age: 101 JAN 14 1938 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Mike Genes Holly Grove, Ark. Age: 72 #653 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Jennie Wormly Gibson Biscoe, Arkansas Age: 49 #728 Interviewer: Watt McKinney Person interviewed: James Gill R.F.D. Marvell, Arkansas Age: 86 Occupation: Farmer Interviewer: Beulah Sherwood Hagg Person interviewed: Mrs. Cora Gillam 1023 Arch Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 86 [Scratching Pacified Master.] — 11 1938 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: J. N. Gillespie 1112 Park Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 75

Occupation of Forefathers Patrollers Subject’s Occupation Slave Houses Right After the War Choked on Watermelon Seeds Leaving Galveston Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Will Glass 715 W. Eighth Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 50 Occupation: All phases of paving work [Bit Dog’s Foot Off]

Whippings Picnics Whitecaps Worship Slave Sales Opinions

— 13 1937 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Frank William Glenn Des Arc, Arkansas Age: 73 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Ella Glespie Brassfield, Arkansas Age: 71 Interviewer: Mary D. Hudgins Person Interviewed: Joe Golden Age: 86 Home: 722 Gulpha Street, Hot Springs, Ark.

Interviewer’s note:

FOOTNOTES: Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Jake Goodridge Clarendon, Arkansas Age: 97? 87 is about correct Born August 4, 1857 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: John Goodson (Goodrum) Des Arc, Arkansas Age: Born in 1865 Interviewer: Thomas Elmore Lucy Person interviewed: George Govan Russellville, Arkansas Age: 52 #712 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Julia Grace 819 N. Spruce Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 75 — 11 1938 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Charles Graham 616 W. 27th Street, North Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 79 [Freed in ’63]

Patrollers Amusements Occupations Right after the War Little Rock Opinions

Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: James Graham 408 Maple Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 75 [“Free Negroes”] Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Marthala Grant 2203 E. Barraque, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 77 #731 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Wesley Graves 817 Hickory Street, North Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 70 [Father Taught Night School]

Ku Klux

Birth and Age Parents and Relatives House and Furniture Work of Family in Slave Time Good Master Work Share cropping How Freedom Came Ku Klux Klan Occupations Followed and Life Since Freedom

DEC — 1937 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Andrew Gregory Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 74 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Annie Griegg Madison, Arkansas Age: 84 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Persons interviewed: William and Charlotte Guess West Memphis, Arkansas Ages: 68 and 66

William Guess Charlotte Guess INTERVIEWER’S NOTE

Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Lee Guidon Clarendon, Arkansas Age: 89 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Linley Hadley Madison, Arkansas Age: 77 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Anna Hall (mulatto) Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 68 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Ellie Hamilton (male) Clarendon, Arkansas Age: Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Josephine Hamilton Hazen, Arkansas Age: 77

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Little Rock District Arkansas Name of Interviewer: Irene Robertson Subject: HERBS—CURES & REMEDIES, ETC. Story—Information (If not enough space on this page add page)

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Pine Bluff District Name of Interviewer: Martin—Pettigrew Subject: Negro Customs Story—Information (If not enough space on this page add page) Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Lawrence Hampton R.F.D., Forrest City, Arkansas Age: 78 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Hannah Hancock Biscoe, Arkansas? Age: Past 80

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Little Rock District Name of Interviewer: Irene Robertson Subject: Spells—Voodoo— Story—Information (If not enough space on this page add page) Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Julia E. Haney 1320 Pulaski Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 78

Good Masters Family Separation of Parents Patrollers Jayhawkers Really Scared to Death Mother’s Work Schooling How Freedom Came House, Furniture, and Food Further Details about Schooling Later Life Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Pernella M. Anderson Person interviewed: Rachel Hankins El Dorado, Arkansas Age: 88 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Mary Jane Hardridge 1501 West Barraque St., Pine Bluff, Ark. Age: 85 #748 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Mary Jane Hardrige 1501 W. Barraque, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 79 Interviewer: Pernella Anderson Person Interviewed: O. C. Hardy El Dorado, Ark. Age: 69 #658 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Rosa Hardy Biscoe, Arkansas Age: ? Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Ida Harper 819 West Pullen Street; Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 93

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Name of interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Subject: Signs and Superstitions Story—Information (If not enough space on this page, add page)

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Name of interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Subject: Games of Pre-War Days Story—Information (If not enough space on this page, add page) #776 Interviewer: Watt McKinney Person Interviewed: Abram Harris Marvell, Arkansas, (6 miles west) Age: 93 MAY 31 1938 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Betty Harris Brinkley, Arkansas Age: About 45 or 50? Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Mary Harris 713 N. Plum Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 82 DEC 21 1937 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Rachel Harris 816½ E. Fifth, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 90

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Little Rock District Name of Interviewer: Irene Robertson Subject: TALES, Superstitions and Charms Story—Information (If not enough space on this page add page) Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person Interviewed: William Harris DeValls Bluff, Ark. Age: 75 or 80 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: William H. Harrison Forrest City, Arkansas Age: Over 100

Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Bernice Bowden Person Interviewed: Laura Hart Eleventh & Orange St., Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 85 #715 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Hatty Haskell 1416 W. Pullen, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 85 #786 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Matilda Hatchett 424 W. Twenty-Fifth Street, North Little Rock, Arkansas Age: Between 98 and 100

Dresses Houses Soldiers Schooling Father’s Children Freed Before Emancipation Wants to See Her People Age Occupation

#657 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: John G. Hawkens Biscoe, Arkansas Age: 71

Interviewer’s Comment

#656 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Lizzie Hawkens Biscoe, Arkansas Age: 65 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Becky Hawkins 717 Louisiana Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 75 #733 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: G. W. Hawkins 1114 Appianway, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 73

Living Conditions during and Immediately after Slavery Furniture Stoves Food in General (Slaves) Clothes Patrollers Ku Klux Influence on Negroes Slave Breeding Slave Tasks and Hours of Work Wages just after Freedom This Matter of Slave Clothes Again Slave Schooling How Freedom Came First Crop after Freedom Opinions

Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Eliza Hays 2215 W. Twentieth Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 77 or more

Occupation Slave Houses Mean Masters Marriage Amusement and Recreation Breeders Ku Klux, Patrollers, Robbers Opinions Support and Later life

— 1- 1937 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Tom Haynes 1110 W. Second Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: #782 Interviewer: Bernice Bowden Person Interviewed: Joe Haywood 2207 West Eleventh Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 76 #737 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Marie E. Hervey 1520 Pulaski Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 62 MAY 11 1938 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Phillis Hicks Edmondson, Arkansas Age: 71

EX-SLAVES

Interviewer: Pernella Anderson Hicks, Will Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Bert Higgins 611 Missouri Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 88 #790 FORM A Circumstances of Interview #790 FORM B Personal History of Informant #790 FORM C Text of Interview (Unedited) Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Clark Hill 715 E. 17th Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 82 #665 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Clark Hill 818 E. Fifteenth Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 84

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

#665 Name of interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Subject: Humorous Story Story—Information (If not enough space on this page, add page)

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

#665 Name of interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Subject: Superstitions Story—Information (If not enough space on this page, add page) Interviewer: Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Elmira Hill 1220 North Willow Pine Bluff, Ark. Age: 97 #787 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Gillie Hill 813 Arch Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: About 45

Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person Interviewed: Harriett Hill Forrest City, Ark. (Visiting at Brinkley, Ark.) Age: 84 MAY 11 1938 Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Hattie Hill Route 2, Main Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 85 OCT 18 19— Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Oliver Hill 1101 Kentucky Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 94 MAY 31 1938 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Rebecca Brown Hill Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 78 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Tanny Hill Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 56? No record of age

Interviewer’s Comment

Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Elizabeth Hines 1117 W. Fourteenth Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 70

House, Furniture and Food Opinions

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Pine Bluff District Name of interviewer: Martin—Barker Subject: Ex-Slave Story: Interviewer: Bernice Bowden. Person interviewed: Charlie Hinton (c) Age: 89 Home: Old River Road—Pine Bluff, Ark. Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Ben Hite 1515 Ohio Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 74 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person Interviewed: Betty Hodge Hazen, Ark. Age: 63 #647 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Minnie Hollomon R.F.D., Biscoe, Arkansas Age: 75

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

Name of Interviewer—S. S. Taylor Person interviewed—H. B. Holloway (Dad or Pappy) Story:

Birth, Parentage Marriage, Breeding, Weddings, Separations Slave Sales Houses, Food, Clothes Ages Amusements Christmas Run-Away Slaves Pateroles Good Masters Mean Masters Mixed Bloods Curious Beliefs and Slave Expectations of Freedom Lincoln’s Visit to Atlanta Grant’s Attitude Schooling, Antebellum and Postbellum Share Cropping Didn’t Want To Be Free Riots and KKK Hoodoo Opinions of Young People Relatives

— 29 1938 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Pink Holly Holly Grove, Arkansas Age: 70 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Dora Holmes (light brown) 1500 Valentine St., Little Rock, Ark. Age: 60? Occupation: Housewife

Interviewer’s Comments

MAY 31 1938 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Elijah Henry Hopkins 1308½ Ringo Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 81

How the Little Children Were Fed Patrollers Reading and Writing in Slave Time Slave Occupation and Wages How Freedom Came Memories of Soldiers and the War ‘Shin Plasters’ Schooling Politics Care of Old People Opinion of the Present Occupation and Present Support of Hopkins

FOOTNOTES: Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Nettie Hopson Helena (home—Poplar Grove), Arkansas Age: ? Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Molly Horn Holly Grove, Arkansas Age: 77 #773 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Cora L. Horton 918 W. Ninth Street, Little Rock, Arkansas Age: Between 50 and 60?

Omit Interviewer’s Comment

Biographical Houses Tent Harbors Food Father and Mother Patrollers What the Freedmen Expected How Freedom Came Runaways and Mean Masters Sales and Separations School What the Slaves Got Ku Klux Klan Mother’s Occupation Own Occupation Opinions of Young People Praying Under Pots Voting Mulattoes

Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: William Hunter, Brinkley, Arkansas Age: 70 MAY 11 1938 Interviewer: Samuel S. Taylor Person interviewed: Ida Blackshear Hutchinson 2620 Orange Street, North Little Rock, Arkansas Age: 73

Birth Parents and Grandparents Luke Blackshear (Breeder) Isom Blackshear Suicide Death of Sixty Babies Experiences just after the War Patrollers Ku Klux Klan How Freedom Came Leaving Alabama

Interviewer: Mrs. Bernice Bowden Person interviewed: Cornelia Ishmon 3319 W. Second Avenue Pine Bluff, Arkansas Age: 78

FOLKLORE SUBJECTS

El Dorado District Name of interviewer: Mildred Thompson & Carol Graham. Subject: Uncle Jack Island—Ex-Slave. Story—Information (If not enough space on this page add page) #792 FORM A Circumstances of Interview #792 FORM B Personal History of Informant #792 FORM C Text of Interview (Unedited) Interviewer: Pernella M. Anderson Person interviewed: Mary Island 626 Nelson Street, El Dorado, Arkansas Age: 80 Interviewer: Miss Irene Robertson Person interviewed: Henrietta Isom, Biscoe, Arkansas Age: 81

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