Psychology of Touch and Blindness by Heller, Morton A. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 Introduction: Historical and Philosophical Background

Historical Background

Clinical Roots Blindness Philosophical Roots Weber, Katz, and Revesz: Historical Roots

Gibson's Ecological Psychology Illusions Developmental Issues, Aging, and Experience The Impact of Neuroscience New Technology, Sensory Aids, and Virtual Touch

2 Cognitive Neuroscience of Touch

The Neural Bases of Touch

From Mechanoreceptors to Cortex The General Properties of the Cerebral Areas: Somatotopy, Lateral Inhibition, Neuronal Sensitivity and Multisensory Synchronization, and Organization in Columns The Principal Properties of the Areas Involved in Touch

The Neuroscience of Touch

The General Organization of the Cerebral Structures in Touch The Cerebral Plasticity of Touch: The Case of Blind People Some Neuropsychological Disorders in Cutaneous and Haptic Perception The Neurocognitive Bases of the Positive Effects of Multisensory Learning The Specific Case of Pain Perception

Conclusions

3 The Haptic Perception of Objects and Their Properties

The Haptic Perception of Objects

The Haptic Recognition of Common Objects The Haptic Discrimination of Global Shape The Haptic Identification of Faces

The Haptic Perception of Spatial Properties

The Haptic Perception of Length: Range and Detour Effects The Haptic Perception of Spatial Orientations: Oblique Effect

The Haptic Perception of Material Properties: Texture Conclusions

4 Illusions

The Müller-Lyer Illusion The Horizontal-Vertical Illusion The Horizontal-Vertical Curvature Illusion Linear Perspective and the Ponzo Illusion The Other Haptic Illusions of Extent Size-Weight Illusion Body Image Illusions Poggendorff Illusion Other Spatial Illusions Geometric Force and Haptic Illusions Apparent Motion (PHI) and the Rabbit, Cutaneous Saltation Conclusions

5 Intermodal Relations

Combined Visual and Haptic Information Often Improves Perception Intersensory Equivalence and Cross-Modal Transfer Intersensory Conflicts Between Vision and Touch Body Image Touch and Audition Conclusions

6 Development of Haptic Perception Over the Life Span

The Early Development of Manual Haptic Perception

In Preterm Newborns In Full-Term Newborns In 4–5-Month-Old Infants

Development of Haptic Perception in Young Children Effect of Aging on Haptic Perception

7 Blindness: General Introduction: Pattern Perception, Imagery, Spatial Orientation, and Mobility

Mental Imagery: Visuo-spatial Imagery or Visual Imagery? Gender Differences in Touch in Sighted and Blind People Access to Technology Mobility and Spatial Cognition Maps Blind People Show Superior Tactile Acuity Oral Language and Speech of Blind People Conclusions

8 Picture Perception and Blind People

Tangible Picture Recognition and Vocal Naming Frames of Reference and Tangible Pictures Linear Perspectives and Viewpoint Improving Haptic Pictures and Picture Perception and Recognition Figure-Ground Relations and the Relationship Between Global and Local Features in Pictures for Touch The Haptic Change Task Applications to Art, Science, and Education Conclusions

9 Braille and New Technology

Issues and Problems Multimodal Visual and Haptic Interactions Blindness, Sensory Compensation, and Brain Plasticity Laterality and Reading Braille Active Scanning and the Functional Role of Both Hands in Reading Braille Active and Passive Presentation of Braille New Technology Braille Typewriters Conclusions

10 Haptics in Learning Reading, Handwriting, and Mathematics

Learning to Understand the Alphabetic Principle and Reading

Early Literature on Multisensory Training Current Evidence on the Effectiveness of Multisensory Training Discussion

Learning Handwriting of Letters

The Perceptual and Motor Skills in Classical Handwriting Educational Training The Positive Contribution of Haptic/Kinaesthetic Information

Learning to Recognize Geometric Shapes

The Visual Recognition of Geometric Shapes by Children Is Not Trivial How Can We Improve Preschoolers' Performance in Recognition of Geometric Shapes?

Conclusions

11 Tactile Interfaces and Applications

Taxonomy of Tactile Interfaces

Thermal Perception Cutaneous Perception Kinaesthetic Perception Multimodal Factors in Virtual Touch

Examples of Some Applications and Their Scientific Evaluations

Vibrotactile Guidance for Trajectory Following in Computer-Aided Surgery (CAS) Haptic Guidance and Learning New Skilled Movements

Conclusions

12 General Conclusions: Implications of Current Research for Theory and Applications

Issues

Sex Differences in Touch Perception Multisensory Processing, Intermodal Relations, and Touch Blindness, Visual Experience, and Imagery and Touch: Practical and Theoretical Problems Tangible Pictures for Blind People

More About What Needs to Be Done

Braille Developmental and Aging Issues Haptic Memory, Learning, and the Nature of Touch Haptic Illusions and Ecological Psychology Neuroscience, Robotics, Virtual Touch, and Levels of Analysis

In Conclusion

References Author Index Subject Index

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