The Eurasian Beaver Handbook by Campbell-Palmer, Roisin -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents Contributors Foreword Rhagair Acknowledgements 1. Introduction

2. The history of beavers in Britain

3. Beaver biology and ecology

3.1 Taxonomy and distribution 3.2 Anatomy and appearance 3.3 Breeding and young 3.4 Habitat and territoriality 3.5 Diet and feeding 3.6 Behaviours 3.7 Parasites and diseases 3.8 Population biology 3.9 North American beaver introductions

4. Legislation 5. Effects of beavers

5.1 Beavers as ecosystem engineers 5.2 Beavers and species of high conservation value 5.3 Beaver effects at a catchment scale 5.4 Beavers in landscape-restoration projects 5.5 Beavers and managed land use

5.5.1 Agriculture 5.5.2 Horticulture 5.5.3 Woodland and forestry 5.5.4 Fisheries 5.5.5 Engineered environments 5.5.6 Recreational areas and water bodies

6. Managing beaver impacts

6.1 Damming activity and associated management techniques

6.1.1 Ecology 6.1.2 Benefits 6.1.3 Issues 6.1.4 Management options 6.1.5 Animal-welfare considerations

6.2 Burrowing and associated activities

6.2.1 Ecology 6.2.2 Benefits 6.2.3 Issues 6.2.4 Management options 6.2.5 Animal-welfare considerations

6.3 Foraging activity and associated management techniques

6.3.1 Ecology 6.3.2 Benefits 6.3.3 Issues 6.3.4 Management options 6.3.5 Animal-welfare considerations

6.4 Animal management

6.4.1 Ecology 6.4.2 Benefits 6.4.3 Issues 6.4.4 Management options 6.4.5 Animal-welfare considerations

7. Survey and monitoring

7.1 Non-invasive monitoring techniques 7.2 Habitat suitability/habitat-use survey 7.3 Monitoring beaver population size and development 7.4 Distribution mapping and population estimates 7.5 Habitat assessment prior to beaver release

8. Learning to live with beavers

8.1 Future management recommendations 8.2 Public relations, education and socioeconomics 8.3 Conclusion

Appendix A: Eurasian beaver field signs

A.1 Teeth marks A.2 Felled and gnawed trees A.3 Ring-barking/ bark stripping A.4 Grazed lawns and cut vascular plants A.5 Feeding stations A.6 Foraging trails A.7 Lodges and burrows A.8 Food caches A.9 Dams A.10 Canals A.11 Scent mounds A.12 Faeces A.13 Tracks

Appendix B: Diseases and parasites of the Eurasian beaver

B. 1 Parasites B.2 Bacteria B.3 Fungi B.4 Yeasts B.5 Viruses

Appendix C: Beaver-management techniques

C.1 Flow devices – dam piping C.2 Flow devices – culvert protection C.3 Dam-removal/dam-notching C.4 Burrow management C.5 Bank and flood-bank wall protection C.6 Individual tree protection

C.6.1 Mesh protection C.6.2 Paint protection

C.7 Electric fencing C.8 Permanent exclusion fencing C.9 Deterrent fencing – ditches and small streams C.10 Trapping and translocation

C.10.1 Bavarian beaver traps C.10.2 Boat trapping

C.11 Humane dispatch

Appendix D: Management protocol chart Appendix E: Captive beaver fencing recommendations Appendix F: Terminology for various beaver-management devices Appendix G: Beaver fieldwork risk assessment Appendix H: Beaver survey data sheets from the Scottish Beaver Trial References Glossary Index