Gerontologic Nursing - E-Book by Meiner, Sue E. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title page Table of Contents Copyright Dedication About the Authors Contributors and Reviewers Preface

Organization Format Features

Acknowledgments Part I: Introduction to Gerontologic Nursing

1: Overview of Gerontologic Nursing

Foundations of the specialty of gerontologic nursing Demographic profile of the older population Health status of older adults Effect of an aging population on gerontologic nursing Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

2: Theories Related to Care of the Older Adult

Biologic theories of aging Sociologic theories of aging Psychological theories of aging Nursing theories Moral and spiritual development Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

3: Legal and Ethical Issues

Professional standards: their origin and legal significance Overview of relevant laws Elder abuse and protective services Nursing facility reform Autonomy and self-determination The patient self-determination act Values history Nurses’ ethical code and end-of-life care Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

4: Assessment of the Older Adult

Special considerations affecting assessment The health history Additional assessment measures Laboratory data Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

Part II: Influences on Health and Illness

5: Cultural Influences

Diversity of the older adult population in the united states Culturally sensitive gerontologic nursing care Skills Cultural competence frameworks Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

6: Family Influences

Role and function of families Common late-life family issues and decisions Interventions to support family caregivers Working with families of older adults: considerations and strategies Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

7: Socioeconomic and Environmental Influences

Socioeconomic factors Environmental influences Advocacy Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

8: Health Promotion and Illness/Disability Prevention

Essentials of health promotion for aging adults Models of health promotion Barriers to health promotion and disease prevention Health protection Disease prevention The nurse’s role in health promotion and disease prevention Supporting empowerment of older adults Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

Part III: Influences on Quality of Life

9: Nutrition

Introduction Factors influencing nutritional risk in older adults Drug–nutrient interactions Dehydration Micronutrient deficiency Malnutrition Oral health Nutritional screening and assessment Nursing diagnoses associated with nutritional problems Evidence-based strategies to improve nutrition Components of a healthy diet Dysphagia Specialized nutritional support Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

10: Sleep and Activity

Sleep and older adults Activity and older adults Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

11: Safety

Falls Nursing management of falls Safety and the home environment Seasonal safety issues Disasters Storage of medications and health care supplies in the home Living alone Automobile safety Abuse and neglect Firearms Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

12: Sexuality and Aging

Older adult needs for sexuality and intimacy The importance of intimacy among older adults Nursing’s reluctance to manage the sexuality of older adults Normal changes of the aging sexual response Pathologic conditions affecting older adults’ sexual responses Environmental and psychosocial barriers to sexual practice Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender older adults Nursing management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

13: Pain

Understanding pain Pathophysiology of pain in older adults Barriers to effective pain management in older adults Pain assessment Nursing care of older adults with pain Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

14: Infection and Inflammation

The chain of infection Age-related changes in the immune system Factors affecting immunocompetence Common problems and conditions Human immunodeficiency virus infection in older adults Significant nosocomial pathogens Nursing management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercise

Part IV: Diagnostic Studies and Pharmacologic Management

15: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Components of hematologic testing Components of blood chemistry testing Urinalysis Components of arterial blood gas testing Therapeutic drug monitoring Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

16: Drugs and Aging

Overview of drug use and problems Commonly used drugs Drug adherence Substance use disorders Assessment Nursing diagnoses Nursing management Commonly misused substances in older adults Future trends Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

Part V: Nursing Care of Physiologic and Psychologic Disorders

17: Integumentary Function

Age-related changes in skin structure and function Common problems and conditions Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Premalignant skin growths: actinic keratosis Nursing Management Malignant skin growths Nursing Management Lower extremity ulcers Nursing Management Pressure injuries Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

18: Sensory Function

Vision Nursing Management of Glaucoma Nursing Management of Cataracts Nursing Management of Retinal Disorders Nursing Management of Vision Impairment Hearing and balance Nursing Management of Cerumen Impaction Nursing management of Tinnitus Nursing Management of Hearing Loss Nursing Management of Vertigo Taste and smell Nursing Management of Xerostomia Touch Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

19: Cardiovascular Function

Age-related changes in structure and function Common cardiovascular problems Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

20: Respiratory Function in Aging

Age-related changes in structure and function Factors affecting lung function Respiratory symptoms common in older patients Respiratory alterations in older patients Obstructive pulmonary disease Nursing management Nursing management Restrictive pulmonary disease Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Other respiratory alterations Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

21: Gastrointestinal Function

Age-related changes in structure and function Prevention Common gastrointestinal symptoms Common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Disorders of the accessory organs Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Gastrointestinal cancers Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

22: Urinary Function

Age-related changes in structure and function Prevalence of urinary incontinence Common problems and conditions Nursing Management Age-related renal changes Common RENAL problems and conditions Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

23: Musculoskeletal Function

Age-related changes in structure and function Common problems and conditions of the musculoskeletal system Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Nursing Management Foot problems Muscle cramps Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

24: Cognitive and Neurologic Function*

Structural age-related changes of the neurologic system Assessment of cognitive function Cognitive disorders associated with altered thought processes Nursing management Diagnostic assessment of cognitive disorders Treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia Nursing management Challenges in the care of older adults with cognitive disorders Other common problems and conditions Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Drug management Mental health care resources Trends and needs Summary Key points Critical-thinking questions

25: Endocrine Function

Endocrine physiology in older adults Common endocrine pathophysiology in older adults Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Nursing management Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

Part VI: Health Care Transitions

26: Health Care Delivery Settings and Older Adults

Characteristics of older adults in acute care Characteristics of the acute care environment Nursing in the acute care setting Home care and hospice Factors affecting the health care needs of noninstitutionalized older adults Community-based services Home health care Continuity of care Implementing the plan of treatment OASIS Hospice Overview of long-term care Clinical aspects of the nursing facility Management aspects of the nursing facility Specialty care settings Innovations in the nursing facility The future of the nursing facility Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

27: Chronic Illness and Rehabilitation

Chronicity Rehabilitation Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercise

28: Cancer

Incidence Aging and Its relationship to cancer Common malignancies in older adults Screening and early detection: issues for older adults Major treatment modalities Common physiologic complications Older adults’ experience of cancer Summary Key points Critical-thinking exercises

29: Loss and End-of-Life Issues

Definitions Losses Mourning Approaching death: older persons’ perspectives Summary Key Points Critical-thinking exercises

Appendix A: Values History Form

Overall attitude toward life and health Personal relationships Thoughts about independence and self-sufficiency Living environment Religious background and beliefs Relationships with doctors and other health caregivers Thoughts about illness, dying, and death Finances Funeral plans Optional questions Legal documents

Appendix B: U.S. Advocacy Organizations for Older Adults

Organizations of older adults Organizations of professionals working in the field of aging Organizations of both professionals and older adults

Appendix C: Chronic Illness and Rehabilitation Resources Index

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