INDEX

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Abbott Laboratories, 36–38, 49, 142
- Humira, 507–8
Abilify, 507
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 377
ACE inhibitors, 264
- see also Capoten
acetaminophen, 216n, 396, 397
Achrocidin, 181–82, 200, 222–23, 661n70
Achromycin, 111
acne, 58, 373
Acthar, 512–14
Actiq, 440, 485
Activase, 337
acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), 294n
Adderall, 440
addiction, 17, 25, 35, 47
- AIDS and, 347, 356
- benzodiazepines and, 222, 287, 289, 325, 684n19
- dependence confused with, 191, 257, 408, 414
- marijuana and, 259
- to opioids, see opioid addiction
- President’s Advisory Commission on Narcotic and Drug Abuse and, 191–92, 197–98, 199
Adlon Therapeutics, 531
Adrenalin, 27, 59, 69
adrenaline, 27, 69, 264
Advances in Pain Management, 478, 479
adverse effects:
- from Chloromycetin, 163–64
- from combination antibiotics, 117
- from DMSO, 202
- from swine flu vaccine, 305–6
- from vaccines, 307–8
adverse events:
- FDA definition of, 471–72
- see also side effects
Advertising Age, 155
advertising and promotion, 10n, 63–64, 67, 68, 73, 78, 79, 80, 90–94, 100–101, 124, 132, 159, 160, 162–64, 167, 201
- for amphetamines, 205
- of antibiotics, 92, 184, 239
- by detail men (sales representatives), see detail men
- celebrities, use of, 291, 431
- direct-to-consumer, 80, 153, 171, 207, 422–34
- disguised as news, 80, 153, 154, 172–73
- to doctors, 76, 91–93, 162–63, 168–69, 187, 188, 422–23
- FDA and, 80, 222–23
- Kefauver Amendments and, 184
- for Librium, 153–56, 171, 187
- in medical journals, 92, 100, 162, 219–20
- for Medrol, 167–68
- for MER/29, 168–70
- misleading and fraudulent, 35, 92–93, 124, 159, 162, 167–70, 201–2, 219–20, 222–23, 423, 425
- for Narphen, 216
- for OxyContin, 405–14, 438, 441–42, 445, 449, 451, 470, 472–75, 477, 480, 482, 483, 524
- for patent medicines, 8–9, 16, 18
- patient data and, 101, 111, 188, 325, 410, 413n, 638n91
- for phenobarbital, 205
- for pneumonia vaccine, 425, 427
- press releases as, 153–54
- radio, 93, 138, 155, 423, 426
- side effects and, 222, 423
- television, 423–27, 429–31, 433–34, 438
- for Terramycin, 63–64, 91–94, 96, 97
- for tetracycline, 111
- for Thorazine, 144, 145
- for Valium, 187, 205–6
Advil, 380
Aetna, 131
Affordable Care Act (ACA), 406n, 496–97
Africa:
- AIDS in, 345
- Ebola in, 310–13, 323
African Americans:
- segregated blood donations from, 77, 314n, 356, 607n86
- Tuskegee Study on, 55n, 221, 246n
- Wright, 50, 53–56
Afrin, 120
After Forty (Gorney), 208
Agouron, 384
agriculture, 95, 232, 240, 518–19
Agriculture, Department of, see United States Department of Agriculture
AIDS, 3, 294, 309, 313n, 318–22, 341–55, 356, 398, 399, 464, 502–4, 520, 522
AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP), 351
AIDS drugs, 265, 332n, 351–54
- AZT, 348, 350–51, 353, 515–16, 704n49
- Daraprim, 515
- DDI, 351
- PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), 354–55
Air Force, U.S., 39
alcohol, 17, 19, 20, 22, 215, 218
- prohibition of, 25, 26
- rectified whiskey, 15, 21, 24
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, 511
Alien Property Custodian, 72, 73, 165
Allergan, 373, 486n, 508–10
- Botox, 373–75, 509–10, 516
Alles, Gordon, 29
Alodorm, 186n
alprazolam (Xanax), 326–27
Altace, 431
Altman, Lawrence, 344–46
America Invents Act, 369n
American Academy of Pain Medicine, 364, 366, 406, 410, 480
American Association for Retired Persons (AARP), 426
American Association of Advertising Agencies (AAAA), 135n
American Association of Blood Banks, 318
American Brands, 155, 407
American Cancer Society (ACS), 221, 291n
American Cyanamid, 49, 111, 159, 379, 389
American Home Products (AHP), 113–14, 147, 149, 206–7, 243n, 379, 380, 385n, 389
American Hospital Association, 423
American Medical Association (AMA), 10n, 16, 25, 54, 93, 103n, 120, 128, 148–49, 159, 171, 224, 239, 244, 410, 425
- Council on Drugs, 178, 179, 200
- Kefauver Amendments and, 180
- off-label use and, 371
- see also JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
American Pain Foundation (APF), 406, 487–88
American Pain Society (APS), 361, 364, 406, 410, 414
American Pharmaceutical Association, 9
American Psychiatric Association, 204
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 148, 327–28
American Research and Development Corporation, 135
American Society of Addiction Medicine, 364
American Spectator, 349
AmerisourceBergen, 484–86
amethopterin, 51
Amgen, 332n, 504
- Enbrel, 508
- Repatha, 505
amphetamines, 35, 141–42, 147n, 191, 198, 199, 201, 205, 206, 222, 226, 248, 257, 440, 454
- Benzedrine, 29, 39
- inhalers, 29
- sulfate, 29
amyl nitrate, 340
Amytal, 142
Anacin, 113
analgesics:
- in cold remedies, 181–82
- see also pain relievers
Anatomy of Sleep, The, 408n
Anderson College of Medicine, 67
Andromeda Strain, The (Crichton), 249
And the Band Played On (Shilts), 341
anemia, 36
anesthetics, 257, 485
Anfuso, Victor, 112
angiogenesis inhibitor therapies, 113
Angiology Research Foundation, 91n, 108, 323n
Annals of Internal Medicine, 364
anthrax, 44
antianxiety drugs, 94, 142, 145, 147n, 152, 206
- Klonopin, 186n, 325–27
- Prozac, 328, 400n
- see also tranquilizers and sedatives, and Xanax
Antibiotic Medicine, 118, 119
antibiotic resistance and superbugs, 2–3, 124, 183, 230–33, 517–21, 522, 663n14
- CRE (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae), 1–3
- MRSA, 232n
- plasmids and, 232
- resistance genes and, 231–32
antibiotics, 30n, 36, 42, 46, 48, 49, 52, 78, 95, 99, 131, 133, 141, 142, 149, 151, 153, 155, 159, 184, 189, 323, 337, 344, 376, 396, 517
- advertisements for, 92, 184, 239
- in agriculture and livestock, 95, 232, 240, 518–19
- Aureomycin, 53, 55–57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 99, 111
- broad-spectrum, 43, 46, 49, 53, 56, 59, 63, 94, 99, 111, 116, 231–32
- childhood growth rates and, 95n
- Chloromycetin, 59, 163–64
- coining of term, 43
- for colds, 181–83, 184, 200, 219, 222–23, 231, 232
- conferences on, 100, 118, 119, 133
- consequences of overuse, 58; see also antibiotic resistance and superbugs
- enthusiasm for, 58
- erythromycin, 112–13, 117
- FDA and, 63, 97, 100, 118, 119, 125, 131, 133, 181, 232, 267, 518–20
- FTC and, 122–23
- fixed-dose combination, 117–19, 124–25, 221–25, 227–28, 230, 232, 239
- natural, as best, 99
- overprescription of, 58, 124, 232, 517
- oxazolidinones, 520
- Panalba, 227–29, 230
- patents on, 45, 56
- penicillin, 29–39, 40–43, 46, 47–49, 51, 59–60, 62, 63, 94, 95, 113, 117, 124, 136, 137, 146, 230, 265, 314, 337, 356
- prices of, 112, 115, 117, 122–23, 128–29, 136, 158, 159, 500
- Sigmamycin, 117–19, 124–25, 221, 230
- soil and, 33, 43, 45, 52, 53, 60, 61, 95, 99
- spending on, 94
- streptomycin, 43–46, 48–49, 53, 59–60, 99, 117, 332n, 519
- synthetic, 99–100
- Terramycin, 61–64, 91–94, 96, 97, 99, 110, 156, 185
- tetracycline, 99, 110–12, 114–16, 122–23, 500
Antibiotics and Chemotherapy, 97
Antibiotics Annual, 100
Antibiotic Therapy (Welch), 97
anticonvulsants, 59
antidepressants, 141, 145, 147n, 152, 189, 206, 521
- Prozac, 328, 400n
antihistamines, 59, 181, 324
antipsychotics, 113, 144, 147n, 189, 372, 382
- Abilify, 507
- see also tranquilizers and sedatives
antiseptics, 5, 248
antitrust laws, 42
anxiety, 148, 153, 187, 189, 327–28, 365
- Aspects of Anxiety, 203–5, 207
- women and, 203–6
- see also antianxiety drugs
Armour, 399
Army, U.S., 38n, 39, 77, 102, 204n, 233, 314
arsenic, 16
arthritis, 94, 154, 308n, 383, 433, 482, 508
- OxyContin prescribed for, 411, 415, 447, 466
Ashcroft, John, 459
Aspects of Anxiety, 203–5, 207
aspirin, 10, 27, 397, 431
- credit for, 579n42
Associated Press (AP), 121, 362n
asthma, 500
AstraZeneca, 521
- Crestor, 505–7
- Prilosec and Nexium, 432–33, 730n48, 752n29
- Seroquel, 382
Ativan, 325
Atlantic, 322n, 346
Atomic Energy Commission, 102
atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), 511
Auden, W. H., 145
Aureomycin, 53, 55–57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 99, 111
autism, 295
autoimmune disorders, 113, 428n
Avastin, 505n
Ayerst, McKenna & Harrison, 206
Ayerst Laboratories, 206, 291, 379
- Inderal, 380–81
- Premarin, 206–9, 286, 290–92
AZT (azidothymidine), 348, 350–51, 353, 515–16, 704n49

bacteria, bacterial infections, 28–29, 36, 37, 58, 94, 344, 383
- Gram-positive and Gram-negative, 43, 53, 61
- in soil, 43
- see also antibiotics
bacteria, good, 58, 231–32
Bailey, Don, 513
Baker, Stuart, 402
Bakker, Tammy Faye, 324
Bankhead, Tallulah, 148
barbiturates, 21, 27, 35, 39, 142–43, 147, 149, 150, 152, 157n, 189, 191, 197, 199, 201, 206, 222, 248, 257, 258n, 287, 288, 288n, 289, 454
- phenobarbital, 21, 27, 205, 324
Bard Pharmaceuticals, 107n, 108, 214, 217, 267, 268, 283, 375
- Vard, mistaken with, 107n, 622n70
Barnet, Melvin, 105, 272
Barron’s, 226
Barr Pharma, 373
BASF, 508
Bates, Ted, 155
bathhouses, 340, 341
Baucus, Max, 487–88
Baxter International, 320n
Bayer, 10, 21, 25–27, 30n, 32, 36, 320n, 373, 396, 431
Bayer, Friedrich, 5
Bedford, Mass., Veterans Affairs Medical Center in, 121
bedlamism, 144
Beecham, 385, 389
Begondi, Bob, 274n
Benadryl, 59
Benbow, Christopher Mitchell, 402, 525n
benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), 373
Benzedrine, 29, 39
benzoate, 14, 21
benzodiazepines, 151–53, 156, 185, 186n, 188, 199, 207, 258n, 264, 286, 287, 288n, 325, 329, 338, 400n, 440, 454
- Ativan, 325
- Halcion, 326, 327
- Klonopin, 186n, 325–27
- Librium, 152–57, 171, 185–90, 186n, 191, 192, 194, 197–98, 199, 201, 203, 205, 207, 222, 253, 256–58, 286, 287, 289, 325, 327, 409n
- Prazepam, 325
- Valium, 186–90, 186n, 191, 194, 201, 203, 205–7, 222, 248, 253, 256–58, 286–90, 324–29, 330, 379, 400n, 409n
- Xanax, 326–27
Berg, Paul, 266, 336, 337
Berger, Frank, 146–47, 149
Berle, Milton, 148
Bermuda, 525
Bernstein, Leonard, 145
Bernstein, Walter, 104–5
beta blockers, 264
Betadine, 248–50, 277, 397, 398
Betadine Mouthwash Gargle, 245
Bethune, Norman, 67–68
“Big Pharma,” xi
“Big Science,” 47
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 354
Bingham, George Frederick, 82
Bio Delivery Sciences, 486
Biogen, 334, 504
biologics, 240, 508
biotechnology, 113, 266–67, 330–38, 384, 389, 404, 502, 504, 512
- Genentech-Lilly licensing contract and, 335–36
- start-ups, 336–37
- venture capitalists and, 331–32, 334, 336–38
biotin, 150
bioweapons, 44
bipolar disorder, 143, 588n11
birth control, 133n, 139n, 242, 243
- contraceptive pill, see contraceptive pill
- Dalkon Shield IUD, 243, 385n
- subdermal implants, patches, and injectables, 246
birth deformities:
- from DES, 244
- from thalidomide, see thalidomide
Bittman, William, 255
Black, James, 264–65
Black Plague, 28, 44, 53, 344, 520
Blair, John, 128–33, 137–38
blindness, 113
- river, 388, 394
blockbuster drugs, 149–50, 265, 384, 385, 412
blood clots, blood clotting:
- Activase and, 337
- Factor VIII and, 316, 321
blood donations, blood banks, 77, 318–22, 341, 347n, 399
- racial segregation of, 77, 314n, 356
blood poisoning, 36, 37
blood pressure, 263–64
blood products, 39, 240, 334n
- plasma, 313–22, 334n
Bloodsworth, Doris, 469–70
blood-testing device, 338n
Bloomberg, 498, 520
Blue Cross, 130
Blue Shield, 130
Blumenthal, George, 282
Blumenthal, Richard, 466, 468n
Bogle, Jack, 337
Boise, Bruce, 440n
Bolar, 378
Bolognesi, Dani, 348n
Bonica, John, 361
Boots, 424
borax, 14
Borison, Richard, 382
Borkin, Joseph, 98
Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, 361
Boston Globe, 136, 526
Boston University Hospital, 361–62
Boston Women’s Health Book Collective, 244n
Botox, 373–75, 509–10, 516
botulinum toxin, 374
Bourdette, Dennis, 514
Bovet, Daniel, 264
Boyer, Herbert, 266, 331–35
Braithwaite, John, 115
Branch, Charles Henry Hardin, 204
Braun, Bob, 467
Brazil (opioids in), 523
breast cancer, 237–38, 241, 263, 291–93, 524
breast implants, 428
Brennan, John “Jack,” 122
Bresch, Heather, 493, 499
Bristol-Myers, 111, 114–15, 159, 351, 379, 380, 384, 385, 389, 431, 433
- FTC complaint against, 122–23, 159
Bristol-Myers Squibb, 395–96, 460, 494
Britain, 32, 38, 239
- Medical Research Council in, 32
- Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency in, 339
- National Health Service in, 443, 656n22
- National Research Development Corporation in, 41n
- in World War II, 32
British Journal of Anaesthesia, 409
British Medical Journal, 216, 295
Broady, John G., 114
Broder, Samuel, 345–48, 350–51
Brody, Jane, 237, 242, 375
bromides, 27, 143
Brompton cocktail, 212
Brookings Institute, 282
Brooklyn Eagle, 105
Brooklyn Medical Press, 108
Brooklyn Museum, 197
Brown, Carter, 358
Brown, Francis, 129, 160
Brownlee, John, 457, 458, 463, 468–72, 474
bubonic plague, 28, 44, 53, 344, 520
Buchanan, Pat, 349, 350
Buckley, William, 399
buprenorphine, 482
Burns, Kathleen Ingrid (Ingrid Frohlich), 71–72
Burns, Thomas, 72
Burroughs, Silas Mainville, 6
Burroughs Wellcome, 6, 113, 141–42, 347–48, 389
- AZT, 348, 350–51, 353, 515–16
Bush, George H. W., 427
Bush, George W., 457, 462n, 495
Bush, Karen, 520, 521
Business Week, 91
Butrans, 482
butyl nitrate, 340

caffeine, 21–23
Cahn, Linda, 495n
Califano, Joseph A., Jr., 306, 308
California, 516n
Cambridge Antibody Technology, 508
Cambronne, Luckner, 319
Campbell, James, 364
cancer, 20, 48, 113, 135, 202, 261, 262–63, 294, 332n, 338, 415, 524, 675n10
- breast, 237–38, 241, 263, 291–93, 524
- chemotherapy for, 51, 262–63, 371, 395–97
- contraceptive pill and, 237–38, 241, 246, 665n21
- DES and, 244, 667n60
- estrogen and, 207, 209, 244, 290, 686n45
- experimental trial on patients with, 220–21, 658n15
- leukemia, 51, 113, 507
- monoclonal antibodies and, 263
- smoking and, 94, 218
- war on, 247, 262, 331
Cancer, 397
cannabis, see marijuana
Cant, Gilbert, 189, 287–88, 328–29
Cantor, Gerald, 280, 281
Cantor, Iris, 280
Cap 1 LLC, 531
Capote, Truman, 157n
Capoten (captopril), 263–64, 387
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), 1–3
Cardinal Health, 484–86
Caremark, 494, 497, 499
Carson, Rachel, 175
Carter, Buddy, 499
Carter, Jimmy, 304, 306, 331, 377
Carter Products, 146–49, 155–57, 222, 228
Carter’s Little Liver Pills, 146
Carter-Wallace, 157, 201, 253, 407
Castagnoli, William, 93
Catholic Church, 141, 212, 296n
catsup, 22n
cattle, 95, 232, 518
celebrities:
- addictions and overdoses of, 288, 324
- in drug ads, 291, 431
Celexa, 400n
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2, 200, 216n, 232n, 294n, 307, 479, 522, 524
- AIDS and, 345–48, 354
- antibiotic resistance and, 517–19
- Botox and, 374
- budget cut at, 343
- Ebola virus and, 310–12
- Legionnaire’s Disease and, 304
- OxyContin and, 417n, 420
- swine flu and, 296–306, 309
Cephalon, 440
Cephalon/Teva, 485
cephalosporin, 99
Cerezyme, 511
Cerumenex, 110, 126
cervical dystonia, 509
Cetus, 336
Chadbourne & Parke, 402
Chain, Ernst, 30, 32–33, 40, 41, 231
Chang Dai-chien, 283n
Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 381–82
Chayet, Neil, 257, 258
Chef Boyardee, 113–14
chemicals, environmental, 240
- pesticides, 113, 175, 240, 519
chemotherapy, 51, 262–63, 371, 395–97
Chemway Corp., 121–22
Chesler, Phyllis, 287
chicken pox, 28, 36, 296n, 344
chickens, antibiotics used in, 95, 232, 518
Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), 494, 496, 513
Chillicothe, Ohio, 3–4
China, 67–68, 283, 520, 523
Chinese art, 79, 81, 85–86, 192–97, 283, 357, 358
chlamydia, 56
chloroform, 19
Chloromycetin, 59, 162–64
Chlorpheniramine, 324
chlorpropamide, 93n
cholera, 7, 9, 43
cholesterol drugs, 386, 431, 521
- Crestor, 505–7
- Lipitor, 370, 431–32
- MER/29, 168–70, 174
- Repatha, 505
Cialis, 373n
Ciba Chemical, 68, 136, 142, 143, 202, 273
Ciba-Geigy, 277, 379
cigarettes, 92, 94–95, 218, 261, 428
Cigna, 131
cimetidine (Tagamet), 264–65, 383–85, 387
Cipro, 396
citric acid, 59
citrus greening disease, 519
Civil War, 5–6, 52
Claritin, 429–31
Clark, David, 235
Clines, Francis X., 439
clinical trials, 162, 376, 404, 409
- consent of participants in, 220
- double-blind, 178
- FDA and, 152, 176–78, 180, 219, 369, 404, 506n
- for OxyContin, 405, 409, 415, 446
Clinoril, 383
Clinton, Bill, 246n, 494
clonazepam (Klonopin), 186n, 325–27
Coca-Cola, 22–24
cocaine, 4, 7–8, 17, 19, 20, 22–24, 25, 26, 34n, 198, 212, 215, 257, 325n, 448, 482–83
- patent drugs with, 7–8, 17, 578n19, 21
- popularization by Paolo Mantegazza, 577n13
Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire, 38
codeine, 10, 26, 157n, 216n, 258, 324
cod liver oil, 76
coffee, 22, 22n, 23
Coffee, John, 527
Cohen, Stanley, 266, 331–32, 337
cola, 22
colds, cold remedies, 181–83, 184, 200, 219, 222–23, 231, 232, 239, 245
Cold War, 78, 145, 159, 272
College of Pharmacy, 85
Collier’s, 16–17, 19, 59
Colony Club, 72
Columbia Journalism Review, 469
Columbia University, 134, 192, 195, 272, 394n
Comey, James, 471
Commercial Solvent, 41n
Communicable Disease Center, 200, 202
Communications Associates, 106
Communist Party, communists, 69–70, 74–78, 81, 101–2, 104–6, 109, 272, 399, 639n105
- art and, 192–93
compactin, 386, 387
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act, 257
congestive heart failure, 263–64, 371–72
Congo, 310–12, 318, 345n
Congress, U.S., 10, 15–19, 22, 34–35, 41, 49, 59, 92, 95, 112, 143, 160, 162, 179, 200, 223, 229, 248, 255, 262, 429, 495n, 507, 517, 524
- biotechnology and, 330
- opioid restrictions and, 364
- OxyContin and, 448, 449
- patent extensions and, 376
- Shkreli and, 515
- Smithsonian and, 358, 359
- swine flu and, 300–303, 307
- see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.
Connor, John, 129
Conover, Lloyd, 99–100
Console, A. Dale, 130
Consumer Product Safety Commission, 240
consumers:
- activists and advocacy groups for, 423, 431
- class action litigation and, 245
- direct advertising to, 80, 153, 171, 207, 422–34
contagious infections, 28–29, 36
contraceptive pill, 94, 133n, 139–41, 153, 202, 222, 234–46, 247, 287, 292, 400n
- cancer and, 237–38, 241, 246
- death from, 234–37, 239, 246
- Enovid, 139–41, 234–36, 243, 246
- FDA and, 139, 141, 234–36, 238–45
- as gateway drug, 238
- labeling of, 244–45
- off-label uses of, 373
- side effects from, 234–46
- women as guinea pigs for, 241, 246n
Controlled Substances Act, 256–57, 289, 324, 360, 378, 483, 484
convergence science, 284
Cooper, Ellen, 353
Copland, Aaron, 72
copper sulfate, 14
copyright, 8, 27
Corfman, Philip, 238
Coricidin, 120
corn syrup, 21
corticosteroids, 38–39, 115, 167–68, 228
cortisone, 37, 60, 85, 113, 115, 160
Cosmopolitan, 155
costs of drugs, see prices
Coté, Tim, 504
Council of Community Blood Centers, 318
Courier-News, 464, 465, 467
Courtland Laboratories, 318
CRE (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae), 1–3
Creedmoor Psychiatric Center, 76, 78, 79, 82–85, 88, 101–2, 133, 135, 142, 145, 156
- Institute of Psychobiological Studies at, 85
- Van Ophuijsen Center at, 98, 108, 132n
Crestor, 505–7
Crichton, Michael, 249
crime, 247, 257–58
- see also illegal drugs
Crohn’s disease, 508
Crookes-Barnes, 122
Crowley, John, 483–84
Cruciani, Ricardo, 479
Cryptococcal meningitis, 312
Cryptosporidium, 312
Cubist, 520
cures for diseases, 27, 45, 126, 143, 176
Curie, Marie, 328
Curran, James, 345
Curtis, Tom, 345n
Cutter Laboratories, 113–14, 315
CVS, 490, 497
cyclosporine, 383
cytomegalovirus (CMV), 321–22, 343

Daily Mail, 529
dairy products, 12, 14
Dale, Henry, 32
Dalí, Gala, 149
Dalí, Salvador, 148–49
Dalkon Shield, 243, 385n
Dalmane, 186n
Dangerfield, Rodney, 324
Daraprim, 515
Darwin, Charles, 28
Davies, Sally, 517–18
Davis, George Solomon, 6
Davis, Hugh, 241, 243
Davis, Leo, 104–5
Dayen, David, 499
D.C. Women’s Liberation, 242
DDI (dideoxyinosine), 351
DDT, 175n
Dean, John, 255
death:
- care before, see end-of-life care
- right to die, 424
deaths, drug, 5, 34, 488
- from benzodiazepines, 288n
- from contraceptive pill, 234–37, 239, 246
- from opioids, 368, 413, 435, 490–91, 523–24
- from OxyContin, 435, 439, 441, 444, 445, 449, 454–56, 479, 482–83, 490–91, 522
- of rock stars, 288, 324
- from swine flu vaccinations, 203
- from Vioxx, 485
Debs, Eugene V., 66
decongestants, 29, 181
Defense Department, 331, 334
Demerol, 157n, 324
dengue fever, 307–8
dental issues, 58, 257
Depostat, 246n
depression, 153, 327, 365, 400n, 521
- rating scales for, 153, 365
- see also antidepressants
Depression, Great, 36, 47, 66, 74
DES (diethylstilbestrol), 244
Desoxyn, 142
detail men (sales representatives; drug reps), 62–63, 91, 93–94, 153, 155, 156, 163, 170–71, 182, 646n32
- changing nature of, 416
- compensation for, 415–17, 421, 451–52, 480–81, 489
- doubling of, 416
- one-on-one sales pitches by, 407
- OxyContin and, 410–13, 415–21, 451–53, 477, 480–84, 487, 489
Detrol, 431
DeVita, Vincent, 345–47
Dexamyl, 142
Dexedrine, 142
diabetes, 29, 93n, 113, 128–29, 208, 332n, 521
Diabinese, 113
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 148, 327–28
diamorphine, see heroin
diazepam, see Valium
dideoxyinosine (DDI), 351
Dietary Health and Education Act, 428
diet drugs, 141, 205, 225–26, 374
diethylstilbestrol (DES), 244
Dilantin, 59
Dillon, C. Douglas, 282
Dingell, John, 425, 426
Dinkeloo, John, 285
diphtheria, 27, 307
diseases and conditions:
- breaking into subsets, 503–6, 510n
- chronic, 323, 521
- cures for, 27, 45, 126
- infectious, see infections, infectious diseases
- lifestyle choices as cause of, 94–95
distribution, 62, 493–99
Diversified Pharmaceutical Services, 494
Dixon, James, 191n
Dixon, Paul Rand, 128, 131
DMSO, 202
DNA, 334n
- recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, 266–67, 330–36
doctors, 62–63, 160
- advertising and promotions directed at, 76, 91–93, 162–63, 168–69, 187, 188, 422–23
- continuing education for, 188
- detail men (sales representatives) and, see detail men
- fake, in advertisements, 125, 230
- free samples given to, 124, 187–88, 223
- gifts and perks for, 223, 413, 442, 509, 641n29
- off-label prescribing and, 353, 354, 370–71, 373–74
Doctors Blood Bank, 316
Doctors’ Case Against the Pill, The (Seaman), 237
Dodd, Christopher, 461
Dodd, Martha, 73, 119, 165, 166
Dodd, Thomas, 199
Dole, Bob, 235, 431
Domagk, Gerhard, 30n
dopamine, 215
Doriot, Georges, 134–36
double-blind trials, 178
Douglas, William, 229
Dow Corning, 428
Drake Business Schools, 67, 68
Drew, Charles Richard, 314
Dreyfus, Robert Louis, 274n
Dr. Kade Pharmaceutical, 81, 83, 193, 267
drug abuse, 199, 247, 256–58
- drug schedules and, 256–58, 260n, 289
- OxyContin, 435–50, 451–62, 470–71, 473, 475, 477, 480, 481, 483; see also OxyContin
- see also addiction
Drug Abuse Control Amendments, 146n, 199–200, 222
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), xi, 199, 289, 378, 405, 458
- Lifetree Pain Clinic and, 479
- OxyContin and, 441–45, 449, 450, 451, 453–59, 463, 472, 475, 479, 484–86
Druggists’ Circular, 9
Drug Industry Antitrust Act, 158–59
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act (Hatch-Waxman Act), 380–81, 393, 395
Drug Regulation Reform Act, 377
drug reps, see detail men
Drummond, William, 79
Dubow, David, 103, 274n
Duffield, Samuel Pearce, 6
Dugas, Gaëtas, 342
Duggar, Benjamin, 50–53, 55, 57
Duggar, Reuben Henry, 52
Dull, H. Bruce, 297
Dumpson, James, 191n
Dun & Bradstreet, 401
Dunbar, Walter, 58–59
DuPont, 108, 175
Duragesic, 407, 485
Durham-Humphrey Amendment, 143, 646n32
Duvalier, François “Papa Doc,” 319
dye industry, 32

earwax removal products, 110, 126
Ebola virus, 310–13, 323
E. coli, 266, 334, 335
Economist, 141
ecstasy, 257, 373
Edison, Thomas, 100, 328
Edrisal, 147n
Edward VIII, King, 71
Edwards, Charles, 239–42, 244–45
efficacy of drugs, 176–78, 180, 219, 221–25, 227–29, 376–77, 407
Effman, Lawrence, 195, 273
Egeberg, Roger, 192n
Egypt, 279, 280
Ehrlichman, John, 391n
Eisenhower, Dwight, 48, 100, 128, 181, 282
Eisenstein, Barry, 520, 521
electroshock therapy, 144
Eli Lilly and Company, 6, 27, 29, 33, 36–39, 44, 49, 136, 142, 143, 154–55, 158, 222, 225, 332n, 384, 426, 494, 516
- Cialis, 373n
- Genentech’s licensing contract with, 335–36
- Prozac, 328, 400n
- synthetic insulin and, 334–36
Elipten, 202
Elizabeth II, Queen, 213, 284, 458
Ellenhorn, Matthew, 187
Elliott, Carl, 416
Embeda, 485
“emotional aspirin,” 94, 145–46
EMS workers, 524
Enbrel, 508
end-of-life care, 210–17, 218, 257, 269, 339, 363, 396, 408, 414
Endo, 440, 486n, 487
Endo, Akira, 386, 387
endorphin, 215
England, see Britain
enkephalin, 215
Enovid, 139–41, 234–36, 243, 246
environmental chemicals, 240
- pesticides, 113, 175, 240, 519
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 175n, 240, 250, 519
EOP Technology, 227n
epidemics, 9, 28, 692n16
- influenza (1918), 27–28, 65, 296–97, 305, 307, 344, 520
- opioid addiction, see opioid epidemic
epinephrine, 27, 180
EpiPen, 493, 499
Equanil, 147, 148, 153, 155–57, 189, 201, 222, 228
erectile dysfunction, 373n, 431, 433–34
erythromycin, 112–13, 117
estrogen, 206–9, 236n, 241, 246, 291
- cancer and, 207, 209, 244, 290
- DES (diethylstilbestrol), 244
- marketing to women, 207–9
- Premarin, 206–9, 286, 290–92
- Prempro, 291–92, 374
“ethical pharmaceuticals,” 9–10
Ethinamate, 324
Euro-Celtique, 396
euthanasia, 210, 212
Excalibur International Group, 278
Express Scripts, 497, 499
eye conditions, 113, 373, 511
- blindness, 113
- river blindness, 388, 394

Factor VIII, 316, 321
Family Circle, 140, 141, 155, 422
Famularo, Joseph, 439
Farber, Sidney, 51
farming, antibiotics use in, 95, 232, 240, 518–19
Fauci, Tony, 345–47
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), xi, 68–70, 74–78, 75n, 101–2, 104–7, 109, 110, 165–66
Federal Civil Procedure, 245
Federal Trade Commission (FTC), 35, 92, 112, 114, 128, 159, 162, 201
- antibiotics and, 122–23
- antitrust complaint by, 122–23
- Aspects of Anxiety and, 203–4
- fake doctor exposé and, 125
- unfair practice complaint by, 125
Feminine Forever (Wilson), 207–9
Feminine Mystique, The (Friedan), 202
feminism, 140, 202, 204–5
fenfluramine, 374
fen-phen, 374
fentanyl, 257, 440, 485
- Cephalon illegal marketing of, 440n
filariasis, 388
Fincle, Louis, 121
Finland, Max, 123, 124, 221
First International Congress of Psychiatry, 84–85
Fisher, Alice, 472
Fleming, Alexander, 29–30, 40, 63, 95n, 230
Fletcher, Charles, 31
Florey, Howard, 30–34, 36, 37, 40, 63
Florida, 460, 461, 463, 469, 519, 529
flu, see influenza
Foley, Kathleen, 363–64
folic acid, 51
Folkman, Judah, 113
follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 504–5
Fong, Wen, 193–94, 283
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 34, 63, 143
- Kefauver Amendments, 176–83, 184, 186, 187, 200, 201, 220, 221, 228, 302, 369, 376, 512
- Medical Device Amendments, 240, 243n
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), xi, 2, 10, 34n, 35, 41, 58–59, 62, 63, 82, 91, 92, 100, 112, 124, 126, 133n, 134, 146, 174, 176–83, 185, 187, 191, 199–201, 216, 216n, 218–29, 239–40, 264–66, 308n, 361, 440, 444, 454, 531, 532
- Activase and, 337
- adverse events as defined by, 471–72
- AIDS and, 350, 353, 398, 399
- antibiotics and, 63, 97, 100, 118, 119, 125, 131, 133, 232, 267, 518–20
- approval process and “drug lag” in, 176–78, 180, 398
- Aspects of Anxiety and, 203–4
- AZT and, 350, 353
- barbiturates and, 143
- blood donations and, 316n, 317, 320n
- Botox and, 510
- budget cuts at, 377, 398, 425, 427
- Chloromycetin and, 164
- clinical trials and, 152, 176–78, 180, 219, 369, 404, 506n
- contraceptive implants and injectables and, 246n
- contraceptive pill and, 139, 141, 234–36, 238–45
- corruption in approval process at, 427
- DES and, 244
- direct-to-consumer advertising and, 80, 153, 171, 207, 422–34
- drug advertising and, 80, 222–23
- drug efficacy and, 176–78, 219, 221–25, 227–29, 407
- Drug Efficacy Study Implementation (DESI) task force of, 225, 227, 228
- Drug Regulation Reform Act and, 377
- drugs decertified and recalled by, 35, 176, 182, 184, 200, 219, 225, 227–29, 230, 245, 433
- Durham-Humphrey Amendment and, 143
- Edwards at, 239–42, 244–45
- expansion of, 181
- Feminine Forever and, 209
- generic drugs and, 158, 184, 377, 378, 380–82
- Goddard at, 200–203, 207–9, 210, 218–27
- Halcion and, 326
- Hayes at, 424–26
- Kefauver Amendments and, 176–83, 186, 187, 200, 201, 228
- Kessler at, 427–30, 433
- Larrick at, 181, 182, 200–201, 227
- Ley at, 227, 228, 239
- L-Glutavite and, 120
- Librium and, 152, 153, 171, 185, 186, 253, 289, 409n
- LSD and, 146n
- medical devices and diagnostic products overseen by, 240, 243n
- MER/29 and, 169–70
- Miltown and, 147, 149, 150, 253
- MST Continus and, 369, 395
- New Drug division split into departments, 177
- number of drugs approved since 1938, 371
- off-label use and, 371–75
- one-on-one sales pitches and, 407
- opioids and, 364, 367, 461
- orphan drugs and, 352, 502–16
- OxyContin and, 405, 408, 412, 415, 417–20, 438, 440, 442, 446–48, 451, 453–54, 456–57, 460, 463, 465–66, 468, 469, 471–72, 475, 481, 483, 523
- OxyContin generic versions and, 488–89
- OxyContin patent extension and, 481, 488–89
- in partnership with drug industry, 398
- patent dates and, 395
- patent extensions and, 379
- patient-packet inserts and, 424
- pharmaceutical industry’s relationship with, 4
- Premarin and, 206, 290
- Quaaludes and, 378
- Scientific Investigations Staff in, 219
- Sigmamycin and, 117
- stimulants and, 142
- swine flu vaccine and, 300
- synthetic insulin and, 335, 336
- television ads and, 429–31
- Terramycin and, 94
- thalidomide and, 174, 177, 181, 219
- tobacco and, 218, 428
- Valium and, 186, 187, 253, 289, 324, 409n
- Vioxx and, 485
- weight loss drugs and, 225–26
- Welch at, 63, 118, 119, 124, 131–35, 139, 181
- Xanax and, 326, 327
- Young at, 398, 426–27
- Young Turks at, 176
Food and Drugs Safety Act, 223
food labels, 428
food safety, 10–14, 15, 240
- coloring agents and, 34n
- Pure Food and Drug Act, 17–24, 34
Forbes, 490, 493
Ford, Betty, 304, 325
Ford, Gerald, 298–304
Ford, Henry, 100
Ford Foundation, 213, 227n
formaldehyde, 12, 14
Fort Dix, 296, 297, 302, 304, 308
Fortune, 60, 190, 393–94, 450
Fortune 500 companies, 392, 450, 486, 497
48 Hours, 382, 449
Forverts, 66
France, 26
Franco, Francisco, 89
Fredrickson, Donald, 330–31
Freedom of Information Act, xi, 104
Freer, Charles, 358
Freer Gallery of Art, 358–59
free samples, 124, 187–88, 223
Freud, Sigmund, 7n, 76, 202, 203, 327
Friedan, Betty, 202
Friedman, Michael, 436–38, 444, 448, 453, 460, 468, 472–76, 478
Friedman, Milton, 180
Friedman-Klein, Alvin, 343
Frohlich, Ingrid, 71–72
Frohlich, Ludwig Wolfgang (Bill), 70–73, 76, 77, 90, 100–101, 103, 106n, 110, 111, 119, 122, 123, 133, 140, 164, 171, 173, 181–82, 188, 195, 206–7, 220, 222–23, 270, 277, 401–2, 410
- corporations of, 110
- death of, 260, 261, 273–74
- L. W. Frohlich Inc., 73, 80, 106n, 110n, 134, 164, 195, 270, 273, 430
- Martí-Ibáñez and, 90
- Sackler and, 70, 72–74, 79–80, 85
Frontline, 526
Frosh, Brian, 532
Fukuda, Keiji, 308–9
fusidic acid, 99

gabapentin, 375
gangrene, 36
Garrett, Laurie, 307
Garrison, Jim, ix
Gates Foundation, 354
Gaucher disease, 511
Gauvin, David, 445, 453–57
Gay Freedom Day Parade, 339–40
Gay Liberation movement, 340, 341, 349
Genentech, 332–38, 339, 389, 504, 505n, 507
- Activase, 337
- IPO of, 336
- Lilly’s licensing contract with, 335–36
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), 328
generic drugs, 158, 163, 171, 184, 352, 376–82, 383, 395, 506
- Hatch-Waxman Act and, 380–81, 393, 395
- “pay for delay” and, 396
- prices of, 499–500
- quality concerns, 163, 380
Generic Trade Association, 378–79
genetic engineering, 266–67, 332n
genetic research, 330, 332–35, 511
Genetic Systems, 384
Genzyme, 511
George VI, King, 40
Gerard, Ralph, 150
Germany:
- Nazi, 30, 30n, 37, 39, 39n, 44, 47, 68–71, 75, 81, 84, 220
- pharmaceutical companies in, 5, 26, 30n, 42, 68, 137, 150
- Weimar Republic, 75
germs, see microbes
germ theory, 6–7
Gerson, Irwin “Win,” 153, 187, 189
Gilead, 354–55
Gilbert, Walter, 333, 334
Gilgore, Sheldon, 272
Gimbel, Sophie, 71–72
Gingrich, Newt, 429
Giuliani, Rudy, 458–59, 461–62, 466, 471, 472, 475
Giuliani Partners, 458–59, 462n
glaucoma, 94, 383
Glaxo, 153, 267, 379, 384, 389
- Zantac, 379, 384–85, 387, 430
Glaxo SmithKline, 389
Gleevec, Novartis, 507
Global Day Against Pain, 470
glutamate, 120
- L-Glutavite, 119–22
Goddard, James, 200–203, 207–9, 210, 218–27
Goeddel, David, 333
Goldburt, Louis, 98, 107, 107n, 194–95, 273
Goldenheim, Paul, 444, 448, 449, 453, 455, 472–76, 478
Goldin, Nan, 528
Golos, Jacob, 106
gonorrhea, 43, 341
Good Housekeeping, 23–24
Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval, 24
Goodman, Christopher, 375
Goodman, Howard, 333
Good Morning America, 368, 431
Goodrich, William, 218
Gordon, Alex, 105
Gordon, Barbara, 324
Gordon, Max, 105
Gorinsteen, Joseph, 319
Gorney, Sondra, 208
Government Accountability Office, 453, 499–500
Grant, William, 276
- estate of, 276–78
Grassley, Chuck, 487–88
Gray, John Purdue, 82
Gray Pharmaceutical Company, 119, 122
Gray’s Compound, 82, 96, 171
Great Britain, see Britain
Great Depression, 36, 47, 66, 74
Great Physiodynamic Therapies in Psychiatry, The: An Historical Reappraisal (Martí-Ibáñez et al., eds.), 88, 166
Great Society, 223
Greene, Martin, 107n, 194–95, 323n, 458n
Greene, Myron J., 107n, 194–95, 458n
Greitzer, Carol, 106n
Griffith, Chelly, 469
Gross, Chaim, 65
Gross, Michael, 357n
Guardian, 439n, 527
Guillain-Barré syndrome, 305–6
Gusberg, Saul, 209
gynecologists, 236n, 291

Haberman, Helen, 78n, 173
Haddox, J. David, 366, 405, 419, 436–47, 439, 442, 460, 466–67
- pseudoaddictions, theory of, 366, 419, 466, 479
Haffner, Marlene, 504, 516
Haffner Associates, 504
hair growth, 372
Haiti, 318–21
Halcion, 326, 327
halitosis, 102
hallucinogens, 255–56
- LSD, 146, 226, 247, 257, 260n
Halpern, Alfred, 78, 268
Hamill, Dorothy, 433
Hamilton Rating Scales, 153, 365
hand, foot, and mouth disease, 294n
Harlem Hospital, 55, 62, 74, 76
Harris, Ben, 75n, 77
Harris, Henry, 41
Harrison Narcotics Tax Act, 25–26, 199
Harrower, Henry, 102
Harrower Laboratory, 102
Harvard Art Museums, 283, 359
- Arthur M. Sackler Museum, 359
Harvard University, 50–51, 54, 62, 283, 332–33, 371, 528
Hatch, Orrin, 378–79, 488n
Hatch-Waxman Act, 380–81, 393, 395
Hattwick, Michael, 305
Hawkes, Ashton, 281
Hayden Chemical, 111
Hayes, Arthur, Jr., 424–26
Hazeltine & Co., 20
Health Affairs, 414n
health care:
- Affordable Care Act, 406n, 496–97
- Americans’ spending on, 492, 502
- Children’s Health Insurance Program, 494, 496, 513
- federal programs for, 128, 223–24
- HMOs, 390–92, 494
- insurance, 130–31, 223, 350, 390, 391, 417, 418, 439n, 494, 496, 497
- managed care, 390–92, 494
- Medicaid, 223–24, 289, 390, 439n, 440n, 449, 478, 493, 494, 496–98, 509, 513, 515
- Medicare, 223, 224n, 439n, 440n, 478, 494–95, 497, 498, 501n, 509, 513, 514
- prescription drugs for seniors, 494–95
Health Horizons, 171
Health Maintenance Organization Act, 390
Health Research Group, 328, 423, 426
heart disease, 56, 94–95, 332n
- congestive heart failure, 263–64, 371–72
Heatley, Norman, 32–33, 37, 40, 41
Heines, James, 467
Heinz Company, 22n
Hellman, Lillian, 777
Hellman, Louis, 238
Hemo-Caribbean, 319–21
- as possible source of HIV transmission 320–21, 695n60
hemophiliacs, 316–17, 321, 347n
Hendrix, Jimi, 288
hepatitis, 313, 315, 317, 320, 312, 334n, 341
herbal remedies, 20
Herceptin, 505n, 507
heroin, 4, 10, 17, 19, 21, 24, 25–27, 143, 212, 214, 247, 257, 260n, 325n, 396, 397, 420, 437, 439, 441, 448, 482–83, 488n,522
Hertz, Roy, 237–38, 241
HEW (United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare), 34n, 48, 100, 133–34, 200, 239, 248, 256, 298, 301, 306, 308, 330
HHS (United States Department of Health and Human Services), 377, 427, 435, 460, 478, 495n, 500
high blood pressure drugs, see hypertension drugs
Hildene Capital Management, 527
Hinckley, John, 325n
histamines, 88, 264–65
Hitler, Adolf, 30n, 75
HIV-AIDS, see AIDS
HMOs, 390–92, 494
Hobby, Gladys, 62
Hoechst AG, 26
Hoechst-Roussel, 153
Hoffmann-La Roche, see Roche
Hogen, Robin, 467–68
Hollings, Fritz, 460
Holmes, Edward, 346n
Holmes, Elizabeth, 338n
Hooper, Edward, 345n
Hoover, J. Edgar, 77
hormones, 36, 76, 94, 128, 136
- combination HRT, 291–92
- estrogen, see estrogen
- menopause and, 206–9, 236n, 290–92
- Prempro, 291–92, 374
- progesterone, 236n, 246, 291
- progestin, 291
- see also contraceptive pill
Horne, Ken, 342
hospice, 210–17, 257, 269, 339, 363
hospitals, 167
- Betadine and, 248
Hostetter, Jacob, 9
House of Representatives, U.S.:
- Committee on Government Operations, 112
- Oversight and Government Reform Committee, 499
- Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations, 114
- Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, 448, 449
- Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 104, 106, 106n, 119
Hoving, Thomas, 193, 194, 196, 279–81, 283, 285, 357
How to Live Longer and Feel Better (Pauling), 399
Hruska, Roman, 173
Humira, 507–8
Humphrey, Hubert, 179, 185, 226
Humphreys, Keith, 523
Huntington’s disease, 377
Hussey, Hugh, 159
Hutchinson, Asa, 458, 459
hydrochlorothiazide, 201
hydrocodone, 26–27, 216n, 360, 440
Hygienic Table Trial, 13
Hyland Labs, 314, 318
hypertension drugs, 136, 143, 372, 431, 521
- Inderal, 380–81
hysteria, 202–3

Ibuprin, 380
ibuprofen, 379–80
Identifying Granular Growth Opportunities for OxyContin: First Board Update, 489–90
I. G. Farben, 30n
illegal drugs, 26, 34n, 198, 199, 247–48, 255–56, 289
- convictions for, 255
- OxyContin diversion, 435–39, 441–46, 448–49, 451–62, 473, 480, 483–85
- marijuana as, 198, 259
Imbrium, 531
immigrants, 7, 19
- Chinese, 22
Immigration Act, 7
immune globulins, 39
immunization, see vaccines
IMS Health, 101, 103, 111, 133, 188, 260, 273–74, 325, 401, 410–11, 413n
- as aid in marketing drugs, 111, 188, 325, 410, 413n, 638n91, 723n69
- Cornerstone software, 411, 415–16
- corporate structure, 101, 103, 617n18
- role in Sackler estate dispute, 273–74, 401, 679n24
- in Sackler ownership, 101, 133, 273, 274, 679n24
Inderal, 380–81
India, 523
infants, 9, 468
infections, infectious diseases, 28–29, 39, 48, 323
- see also bacteria, bacterial infections
Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2, 58n
influenza, 296, 305
- bird flu, 296
- epidemic of 1918, 27–28, 65, 296–97, 305, 307, 344, 520
- swine flu, 296–309, 348, 520
- vaccines for, 297n, 304, 305, 344
Information Center on the Mature Woman, 208
insecticides, 113, 175, 240, 519
Institute for Psychoanalysis, 73, 85
insulin, 29, 40n, 93n, 158, 208, 335, 500
- as shock treatments for mental conditions, 612n4
- synthetic, 332–36
intellectual property (IP), 252
- copyright, 8, 27
- trademarks, 158
Inter America Medical Press, 91n, 108
Intercontinental Medical Information Service, 101
interferon, 113
interleukin-2 inhibitors, 336, 383
Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 131
International Academy of Law & Science, 165n
International Association for the Study of Pain, 361
International Business and Financial Weekly, 179
International Marketing Services, see IMS Health
International Medical Press, 91n, 108
International Opium Convention, 25
internet, 429
- as source of patient information, 429, 724n77
iodine, 248
Isodine, 245
Israel, 280
Itakura, Keiichi, 333–34
IUD, Dalkon Shield, 243, 385n