Index

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A

Abd al-Samad, 144–49
Abezethibou, 92–93
Abraham, 132
Abyzou, 166–67
Acts of the Apostles, 33
Adam, 5, 125, 130–32
Adarkes, 89–90
Æthelstan, 186
Aladdin, 134–39
Alberic de Mauléon, 299–307
Albertus Magnus, 275, 324n
Alexander ab Alexandro (Alessandro Alessandri), 274, 324n
Alexée Drigie, 275
Allatius, 170
Amasras, 8–9
Amram, 226, 322n
amulets, 3, 57, 163, 168, 239
ancient Christian thought, demons in, xvi, 29–53
ancient Judaism, rebel angels in, xvi, 3–25
Andrew of Fondi, 112–14
“angels of Tartarus,” 29, 48–51
anger, 45
antiphoner, 300, 325n
Antiquities of the Jews (Flavius Josephus), 59–61
Antony, Saint (Anthony the Great), xvi, 99–103, 106, 119
Apocalypse of Paul, 48–51
Apuleius, xv, 42–45, 211
Aquinas, Thomas, 177
Arabian Nights: Tales of 1001 Nights, 134–49
Ark of the Covenant, 57, 62
Armayel the Pious, 244–45
Armenians, 156–57, 160
Arnold, 268–69
Artemis, 73, 167
Asmodeus, 68–69
Athanasius of Alexandria, Life of Antony, 99–103, 106, 119
Augustine of Hippo, xvi, 42, 265–66
- Concerning the City of God Against the Pagans, 42–47, 265–66
Averroës, 275, 324n
Avitus, 39
Azazel, 3, 8–10, 12, 231

B

ba’ar, 24
baptism, xvii, 36, 110, 204
Baraka, 19
Baraqyal, 8, 9
Baring-Gould, Sabine, 296–97
Bartholomew the Apostle, 119–22
Basil of Caesarea, Saint, 274, 324n
Bede, Venerable, 115
- Ecclesiastical History of the English People, 115–18
Beelzeboul, 66–67, 69–71, 74, 81
Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint, 267–68
Bertrand, 300–301, 305–6
Bilqīs, 132, 317n
Book of Enoch, 7–17
Book of Exodus, 18
Book of Genesis, 3, 5–6, 18
Book of Jubilees, 18–23, 24
Book of Kings, 59
Book of Numbers, 5
Book of Proverbs, 57
Book of Revelation, 48
Book of the Dead, 3
Brendan the Navigator, 202–4, 205
Brethren of Purity, 130–33
Byrne, David, xviii
Byzantium, 153
- witch-demons of, xvii–xviii, 153–71

C

Caesarius of Heisterbach, 177
- Dialogue on Miracles, 177–79, 191–96, 267–70
Cain and Abel, 121, 132
Cambridge University, 169, 298
“Canon Alberic’s Scrap-Book” (M. R. James), 298–307
Cardano, Gerolamo (Cardan), 274, 3243n
Case of the Animals versus Man Before the King of the Jinn, 130–33
Chaldeans, 80, 156, 160
Chemos, 228, 322n
cherubim, 13, 16, 89, 166, 228, 233, 236, 313n
Christianity, xvi–xix
- demons in ancient Christian thought, xvi, 29–53
- demons in Dark Age Europe, 97–122
- demons in the King Solomon tradition, xv, 57–94
- demons in the High Middle Ages, 175–207
Cistercian order, 177, 195, 199
colonialism, 289
Concerning Demons (Psellos), 155–62
Concerning the City of God Against the Pagans (Augustine), 42–47, 265–66
Constance, 272
“craven angels,” 202–7
cubits, 8, 49, 73, 312n

D

Dan River, 12, 312n
Dante Alighieri, 175, 205–7
Dartmoor, 296–97
Day of Atonement, 3
Demeter, 169
demons
- in ancient Christian thought, 29–53
- in Dark Age Europe, 97–122
- in early modern Europe, 211–36
- of the East, 239–59
- in the High Middle Ages, 175–207
- jinn, 125–49
- in the King Solomon tradition, xv, 57–94
- lovers through the ages, 263–85
- malevolent spirits in the modern imagination, 289–311
- rebel angels in ancient Judaism, 3–25
- use of term, xv–xvi
- witch-demons of Byzantium, 153–71
Demonolatry (Rémy), 271
demon seed, 271–76
Dennistoun, 298–99
“desert fathers,” 99, 119
devil. See Satan/Lucifer
Dialogue on Miracles (Caesarius), 177–79, 191–96, 267–70
Dialogues of Pope Gregory the Great, 111–14
Didatia of Miremont, 275–76
Dinah, 18–19
Divine Comedy, The (Dante), 175, 205–7
djinn. See jinn
Dong Xiasi, 246–51
Dorda, 59–60
dragons, 51, 68, 71, 76–79, 83, 157, 178, 222
Dryhthelm, 115–18
Duda’el, 10, 312n
Dunstan, Saint, 186–87
Dusii, 266

E

East, demons of the, 239–59
Eblis, 243–45
Ecclesiastes, 57
Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Bede), 115–18
Edni, 19
Eleazar, 60–61
Elo-i, 70, 315n
Enepsigos, 79–80
Eno, Brian, xviii
Enoch, 7–17
envy, 109, 166, 207, 224, 301
Ephippas, 70, 77, 89–92
Epicurus, 40, 314n
Epistles of the Brethren of Purity, 130–33
Equitius, 111–12
Ethan, 59–60
Etymologies (Isidore), 263
Evagrius of Antioch, 99
Eve, 5, 125
evil, origin of, 7–17
Exodus, 3, 18
exorcisms, 31, 60
- of the Gerasene demoniac, 32–33, 104
- Martin of Tours, Saint, 106–7
Exorcist, The (film), xviii

F

Fang Dong, 252–55
Faust, 215–25
Faust (Goethe), 215
Faust, Johann Georg, 215
“Faustian bargain,” 215
Ficino, Marsilio, 155, 211
First Jewish-Roman War, 59
First Temple, 57, 62
Fisherman and the Jinn, 140–44
Flegetanis, 204–5
flying heads of Iroquois, 291, 294–95
fornication, 21, 49. See also sex
Fourth Lateran Council, xvii, 267
Friedkin, William, xviii
Fulbert of Chartres, 213
“Fungi from Yuggoth” (Lovecraft), 311

G

Gabriel (archangel), 9, 10, 16, 83, 127
Garden of Eden, 5, 19
Garmayel the Perceptive, 244–45
Gaufridus de Blevez, 199
Gaule, John, 211
Gellou, xvii–xviii, 153, 163–67, 169–71
genies. See jinn
Gerasene demoniac, 32–33, 104
Glaber, Rodulphus, 175
Glastonbury Abbey, 186
“Glenfinlas” (Scott), 280–85
gluttony, 181
God of Socrates, The (Apuleius), 42, 43–45
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 215
Gospel of Mark, 32–33
Gospel of Matthew, 31–32
Goths, 270
Gotteschalk of Valmarstein, 193–94
Graham, Billy, xviii
Gregory the Great, 111–14
grimoires, 57, 211
Guinefort, Saint, 188–90
Guthlac of Crowland, 119–22

H

Hammer of Witches, The (Kramer), 271, 272–73
Harpies, 170
Harris, Joel Chandler, Uncle Remus Returns, 308–10
Hell, xvi–xvii, 29, 48, 97, 115, 195, 197, 220
- Dante’s Divine Comedy, 175, 205–7
- Milton’s Paradise Lost, 224–36
- Venerable Bede on inhabitants of, 115–18
Vision of Tundale, 175, 180–85Hesiod, xv
High Middle Ages, demons in, 175–207
Hind, Henry Youle, 291
Holy Grail, 204
hulijing, 246
Huns, 270

I

Iameth, 82
Idrīs, 132, 317n
‘ifrit, 125, 140–46
Ignatius of Loyola, 170
immortality, 42, 46, 47, 153, 225, 273
incorporeality, xv, 7, 40, 153, 202, 236, 273
incubi, 263, 265–66, 267–70, 275
incumbere, 263
Indigenous peoples, 291
Indra, 241–42
infidelity, 277–79
Iroquois flying heads, 291, 294–95
Isaiah, 3, 178, 307
Isidore of Seville, Saint, 263

J

James, M. R., “Canon Alberic’s Scrap-Book,” 298–307
Jamshid, 244
Jared, 8, 18–19, 312n
Jerome of Stridon, Saint, 39–41, 104–5
Jerusalem, 24–25
Jesus Christ, 29, 31–33, 42, 125, 178–79
“Jezebel Spirit, The” (song), xviii
jinn, xvii, 125–49
- One Thousand and One Nights, 134–49
- Qur’an, 127–33
Job, 3, 178
John de Mauléon, 299–300
John of Damascus, Saint, 170
Josephus (Flavius Josephus), 24, 59
- Antiquities of the Jews, 59–61
Judaism, rebel angels in ancient, xvi, 3–25
Judas Iscariot, 178
Judean War, 24
Juno, 109
Jupiter, 109–10
Justin Martyr, 34–35

K

Kane, Paul, 291
Kokarer’el, 9
Kramer, Heinrich, The Hammer of Witches, 271, 272–73
Kunopegos, 81–82

L

Lady of the Mountain, 168
Laurentios, 163–64
Lawson, John Cuthbert, 169–71
Le Jeune, Paul, 291
Leo Allatius, 170–71
Lesbos, xviii, 169
Lesya’el, 12, 313n
Life of Antony (Athanasius), 99–103, 106, 119
Life of Martin (Sulpicius Severus), 106–7
Life of Saint Guthlac (Felix), 119–22
Li Hualong, 251–52
Lilith, 3
Lion-Shaped Demon, 76
Lix Tetrax, 71–72
Lovecraft, Howard Phillips, 311
Lucifer. See Satan/Lucifer

M

magicians, 52–53
Mahalalel, 18–19
Malchus, 104
mandrake, 24–25
Marlowe, Christopher, 215
Mars, 109–10
Martin of Arles, 274
Martin of Braga, 108–10
Martin of Tours, Saint, 106–7
Mastema, 18, 22
Māyān of Kaywān, 132–33
Meletene, 163–67, 170–71
Mephistopheles, 215–25
Merlin, 263, 270
Mesopotamia, 3
Methuselah, 19
Michael (archangel), 9–10, 16, 62, 63–64, 83, 163, 166–67
Michael Psellos, 170
- Concerning Demons, 155–62
Middle Ages, demons in, 175–207
Milton, John, Paradise Lost, 224–36
missal, 298, 300, 325n
Modern Greek Folklore and Ancient Greek Religion: A Study in Survivals (Lawson), 169–71
Mohammad, 125, 127, 130, 133
Moloch, 93–94, 228, 322n
Morèle, Nicole, 275
Moses, 5, 18, 92–93, 128, 132
Mount Hermon, 8, 312n
Mount Sinai, 18, 166

N

necromancy, xvii, 191–95, 215
Neoplatonism, 29, 42, 43, 211
Nephilim, xv, 4, 5–6, 7, 18, 21–22, 263, 265–66
Neptune, 35
Nero, 52–53
“Night-Gaunts” (Lovecraft), 311
Noah, 5, 7, 9, 20–23
Numa (Plutarch), 273
Nymphs, 169–70, 216

O

Obyzouth, 77–78
Old St. Paul’s (Ainsworth), 301, 325–26n
One Thousand and One Nights, 134–49
On First Principles (Origen), 39
Onoskelis, 66–67, 159
On the Spectacles (Tertullian), 36–38
Oresme, Nicole, 211
Origen of Alexandria, 39–41
Ornias, 65–66, 87–89
Osbern of Canterbury, 186–87
Ouriel, 65–66

P

Pan, 265–66, 323n
Pandemonium, 224, 232–36
Paradise Lost (Milton), 224–36
Pataxaro, 167
pathos, 45
Paul, 52–53, 104
- Apocalypse of Paul, 48–51
Persians, 80, 134, 156, 243–45
Peter, 52–53, 179
Peter of Palude, 274, 324n
Pétrone of Armentières, 275
phylactery, 165, 318n
Plato, xv, 43, 211
plurality of worlds, 40, 314n
Plutarch, 273, 324n
Pluto, 35
Ponsète of Essey, 274
Prophet Musa, 144–49
Prüm, 269–70
psalm-skipper demon Tityvillus, 197–99
punishment. See torture and torments
Pu Songling, Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio, 246–59

Q

Qing dynasty, 246
Qing Ming Festival, 253
Qur’an, demonology, 127–33

R

Raphael (archangel), 9–10, 16, 69, 78, 83
Raphan, 93–94
Rasujal, 19
Rathanael, 79–80
Ratisbon, 272
Reformation, xviii
Rémy, Nicolas, Demonolatry, 271, 273–76
Reynolds, Jane, 277–79
Rig Veda, 241–42
Ring of Solomon, xv, 63–65
Roberts, Oral, xviii

S

sack of Rome, 42
Satan/Lucifer, xv–xvi, 29, 31–32, 37, 205
- Caesarius on, 178–79
- Case of the Animals versus Man Before the King of the Jinn, 130–32
- family of, 200–201
- Faust and Mephistopheles, 215–25
- Milton’s Paradise Lost, 224–36
- torment of Job, 3, 178
- Vision of Tundale, 175, 180–85
Saturn, 109–10
Scepter, 74–75
Scheherazade, 134
Scott, Walter, 280
- “Glenfinlas,” 280–85
screams, 182, 189, 194, 258, 305
Seal of Solomon, xv, 63–65
serpents, 5, 101, 102, 113, 182, 183, 189
- Zahhak, 243–45
sex, 5, 21, 80, 168, 183, 248, 256, 263
- demon lovers, 263–85
- demon seed, 271–76
Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), 243–45
Sheeba, 87, 89
- Bilqīs, 132, 317n
Silk Road, 239
Silvanus, 265–66, 323n
Simon Magus, 52–53
Sisinnios (Sisynios), 163–67, 170–71
Sisinnodoros (Synidoros), 163–67, 170–71
Socrates, 37, 42–44
Solomon, xv, 57, 204
- demons in King Solomon tradition, xv, 57–94
- James’s “Canon Alberic’s Scrap-Book,” 298–307
- jinn and, 125, 127–28, 130, 132–33, 140–41, 145–49
- Josephus on wisdom of, 59–61
- Ring of Solomon, xv, 63–65
- Testament of Solomon, 62–94
Soma, 241–42
Song of Songs, 57
Stephen of Bourbon, 188
storax, 69, 315n
Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio (Pu Songling), 246–59
succubi, 263, 267, 275
Sulpicius Severus, 106–7
Suru’el, 16
Sutra of Light, 254
Syrians, 156, 229

T

Taetradius, 106–7
Tailypo, 308–9
Tai Su, 246–51
Tartarus, 29, 48–51
Tertullian, 36
- On the Spectacles, 36–38
Testament of Solomon, 62–94
Theodosius the Great, Emperor, 42
Theophilus of Adana, 213–14, 215
Thessaly, 155
Thrax, 155–62
Timothy, 155–62
Tityvillus, 197–99
torture and torments, 107, 132, 165, 175
- “angels of Tartarus,” 29, 48–51
- Arabian Nights: Tales of 1001 Nights, 141, 143, 145, 147
- of Job, 3, 178
- Life of Antony, 100–101
- Life of Saint Guthlac, 119–22
- Sulpicius’s Life of Martin, 106–7
- Testament of Solomon, 68, 76
- Venerable Bede on, 115–18
- Vision of Tundale, 180–85
Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, The (Marlowe), 215
Tundale, 175, 180–85

U

uncial, 300, 325n
Uncle Remus Returns (Harris), 308–10
Uriel, 16, 17

V

Venus, 109–10
Vespasian, 60, 315n
Villeneuve, 188–89
Virgin Mary, xvii
Visigoths, 42
Visio Tnugdali (Vision of Tundale), 175, 180–85
Voyage of Saint Brendan, 202–4, 205
Vulcanus, 184

W

Wang Jiusi, 246–51
Watchers, 7–17, 34
Weird Tales (Lovecraft), 311
Wendigo, 291–95
were-vixen, 246–51
witch-demons of Byzantium, xvii–xviii, 153–71
Wolfram von Eschenbach, 204–5
worms, 100, 157, 159, 181, 268

Y

Yu Qi, 251–52

Z

Zahhak, King, 243–45
Zeus, 84