Kaiser, Henry J., 245, 269, 272, 504, 521
Kaiser shipyards, Portland, 269
Kalinin, 188
Kapitza, Peter, 458
Karl, Prince of Sweden, 125
Katyn Forest massacre, 372
Kaya, Okinori, 154
Kearny, U.S.S., 147
Kelly, Colin P., 210
Kelly, Edward J., 506
Kelly Field, 270
Kennedy, Joseph P., 46, 211, 489
Kennedy, Joseph P., Jr., 489
Kent, Frank, 119
Kesselring, Albert, 394, 439, 479
Key West, 143
Keynes, John Maynard, 118, 514
Kido, Koichi, 138
King, Ernest J., 125, 126, 141, 183, 201, 223, 228, 232, 233, 236, 242, 244, 287, 299, 316, 317, 318, 402, 405, 415, 486, 490, 493, 494, 519
Kinkaid, Thomas C, 540
Kipling, Rudyard, quoted by F.D.R., 177
Kirchwey, Freda, 295
Kirk, Alexander C, 403
Knox, Frank, 38-39, 45, 51, 84, 86, 89, 90, 91, 103, 104, 131, 133, 141, 150, 157, 161, 162, 163, 182, 222, 223, 352, 364, 464, 493, 494, 513, 607
Knudsen, William S„ 51, 52, 55-56, 88, 118, 194
Koiso, Kuniaki, 558
Konoye, Fumimaro, 19, 20, 79, 81, 108, 110, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 144, 146, 147, 559
Korneichuk, Alexander, 399
Korsun salient, 446
Kota Bahru, 175
Krock, Arthur, 201
Ku Klux Klan, 265
Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist government). See Chiang Kai-shek; China
Kure, 159
Kurita, Takeo, 540
Kwajalein atoll, 444, 446, 485
Labor, 116, 117, 118, 151, 177, 191-192, 194-196, 245, 259-260, 262, 263-265, 334-338, 460, 465, 522, 525. See also Manpower; Strikes; Unions
Labor, Department of, 196, 465
Labor Committee (House), 40
Labor-management conference, 196
Labor party, American, 277, 281
Labor Production Division. See War
Production Board
La Follette, Robert M., 47, 426
La Follette, Robert M., Jr., 47
La Guardia, Fiorello, 41, 116, 124, 275, 491-492, 501, 525
Lahey, Frank, 449
Lamon Bay, 203
Lampell, Millard, 604
Land, Emory S., 191, 245, 452, 565
Landon, Alfred M., 38, 356, 528
Lane, Arthur Bliss, 535
Langley, U.S.S., 223
Latin America, 56, 100, 163-164, 253, 307, 378, 385, 514. See also Central America; South America
Latta, Maurice, 451
Lattimore, Owen, 83
Lawrence, Ernest O., 251
League of Nations, 47, 129, 130, 131, 358, 361, 427, 428, 515, 516, 526, 567, 568
Leahy, William D., 64-65, 286, 287, 302, 402, 406, 447, 452, 469, 488, 489, 490, 493, 494, 496, 507, 521, 530, 554, 562, 565, 568, 572, 573, 594
LeHand, Missy, 8, 50, 56, 59, 60, 122, 390, 489
Lehman, Herbert, 268, 275, 277, 502, 513
Leiserson, William M., 338
Lemnos, occupied by the British, 15
Lend-Lease, 25-29, 41, 43-49, 50, 57, 58, 65, 73, 83, 84, 88, 89, 118, 126, 148, 152, 247-248, 300, 406, 429, 520, 604
Lewis, John L., 5, 52, 55, 68; 117, 177. 194, 195, 196, 260, 263, 335, 336, 337, 341, 349, 533, 560. 594
Leyte Gulf, Battle of, 541
Liaotung Peninsula, 574
Liberty (magazine), 103
Libya, 64, 72, 75, 173, 180, 229, 285, 310, 311
Lilienthal, David, 119, 300, 301-302, 305, 431, 432, 562
Lincoln, Abraham, 164, 194, 216, 316, 494, 604, 605, 606, 608; quoted by F.D.R., 107, 492. 507
Lindbergh, Anne Morrow, 66
Lindbergh, Charles A., 46, 48, 211
Lingayen Gulf, 203
Linlithgow, Marquis of, 380
Lippmann, Walter, 112, 119, 216, 295, 516
Liscombe Bay, U.S.S., 444
Literature, during the war, 272, 273
Little Steel wage formula, 341
Litvinov, Maxim, 93, 183-184, 185, 229, 232, 373, 399
Ljubljana Gap, 479
Lloyd George, David, 76, 77, 187, 428, 552
London, bombing of, 9, 10, 29, 78, 558 London Poles. See Poland: government-in-exile
“Lonesome Train, The” (Lampell), 604
Long, Huey, 68, 426, 500, 603, 604
Loomis, Alfred, 345
Los Angeles, 270; “zoot-suit” riots, 388
Lost Horizon (Hilton), 224
Louisville Courier Journal, 264
Lovett, Robert, 39
Low Countries. 305, 519. See also Belgium; Netherlands
Lubell, Samuel, 451
Lublin Poles. See Polish Committee of National Liberation
Lucas, Scott, 532
Luce, Clare Booth, 307-308, 606
Luce, Henry, 307, 357, 512, 533, 603
MacArthur, Douglas A., 213, 272; advocates bringing Russia into war against Japan, 188-189, 207; advocates Pacific First strategy, 188-189, 242, 491; appointment of, to F.D.R.’s credit, 350; attempts of, to defend the Philippines, 206-209; awarded Congressional Medal of Honor, 209; charges of neglect of forces of, 206, 211, 491, 527; Churchill offers British fleet for, 519; commander of U.S. forces in the Philippines, 109, 150; counteroffensive of, 283, 284, 382, 444, 485, 487, 527, 540; disagreement with Nimitz over Pacific strategy, 485, 488-489, 490; friend of Quezon, 206; leaves the Philippines, 209; letters of, agreeing with New Deal criticism, published, 501; love of the Philippines, 206; meeting with F.D.R., 488-489, 490; military career of, 205; offers to go to Washington to appeal for aid, 485; promises to return to the Philippines, 209, 485; and proposal for neutralization of the Philippines, 208; relations with F.D.R., 205, 603; reports on effectiveness of Japanese air attack, 202; Republican leaders rumored to be in secret communication with, 400; and Republican presidential nomination, 499, 500-501; returns to the Philippines, 527; F.D.R. discusses possibility of turning over forces of, to the British, 182; F.D.R. writes to, on movements of Japanese fleet, 226; support for, 176, 182, 204, 206-208, 284; triumphs of, help F.D.R.’s 1944 campaign, 528; Willkie’s demand to bring back, to unify defense effort, 274
McCormack, John W. 40, 120, 307, 433, 456, 581
McCormick, Anne O’Hare, 611
McCormick, Robert R., 39, 45, 132, 212, 275, 358, 421
McCrea, John, 402
McDuffie, Lizzie, 599
McIntire, Ross T., 22, 36, 143, 214, 270, 316, 448, 449, 488, 490, 600, 602
McIntyre, Marvin, 9, 265, 390, 447, 462
McKay, Dorothy, 59
McKellar, Kenneth, 427, 432, 435, 437
Mackenzie King, William Lyon, 62, 140, 335, 457
MacLeish, Archibald, 24, 35, 91, 122, 254, 266, 296, 384, 389, 390, 553
McMahon, Brien, 533
Macmillan, Harold, 320, 321, 322
McNutt, Paul V., 265, 334, 335, 337, 432, 452, 460, 504
McWilliams, Joseph E., 453
M-9 electrical director, 345
MAB. See Combined Munitions Assignments Board
Mackinac Island conference, 400, 428-429, 510
Maginot Line, 474
Maisky, Ivan M., 102, 111, 373, 399, 565, 611
Make This the Last War (Straight), 360
Makin, 443
Malaya, 20, 158, 165, 182, 201, 203, 204, 211, 240, 444
Malaya, H.M.S., 64
Malta, 311, 394, 416, 558, 565
Manchuria, 19, 20, 79, 545, 574, 575, 576, 577
Mandated Islands, 443
Manhattan Engineering District, 251
Manhattan Project, 456
Manila, 164, 175, 203, 206, 268, 565, 596
Mann, Thomas, 358
Manpower, 246, 332, 334-338, 461, 560, 593. See also Labor
Mare Island Navy Yard, 270
Mareth Line, 329
Mariana Islands, 444, 485, 486-487, 488, 489, 540, 558
Marianas, Battle of the, 486-487, 540
Maritime Commission, 25, 191, 245
Markop oil fields, 308
Marrakesh, 324
Marriage rate, 461
Marsala, 382
Marshall, George C: accused by F.D.R. of ignorance about ships, 201; advocates decisive action against Japan, 242; advocates raising Eisenhower to rank of full general, 319; advocates a unified command of all forces in the Pacific, 181-182, 201; appointment of, reflects F.D.R.’s perspicacity, 350; asked to evaluate situation in the Middle East, 89; assigned to Joint Chiefs of Staff, 183; and atomic-bomb project, 251, 456, 558; attempts to stave off war, 156; cabled in London by F.D.R. to “put Hopkins to bed,” 221; at Cairo Conference, 402, 407; character and personality, 85; and command of OVERLORD, 415, 494; complains of delays in learning of F.D.R.’s decisions, 453; composes message to Stalin on Anglo-American global strategy, 371; concerned about railroad strike threat, 338; consults Eisenhower for plan of action in the Pacific, 204; cool to Churchill’s offer of planes for attack on Japan, 519; and cross-channel attack, 128, 229, 230-231, 233, 234, 235, 236, 242, 287, 316, 317-318, 369-370, 371, 392, 393, 410, 415, 477, 545; decision maker of Joint Chiefs of Staff, 452; and establishment of base in Australia, 186, 204; fears that F.D.R. is swayed by Churchill’s eloquence, 180; hated by draftees, 134; insists on preserving II Corps as a fighting unit, 329; intercepted Japanese war message not relayed to, 161; and MacArthur, 176, 182, 204, 207, 208; at meeting on negotiations with Portugal, 352; meetings with Churchill, 230-231, 236, 314, 369, 371, 389; meeting with Molotov, 232-233, 234; on need for weapons research and training, 343, 344; and North African operation, 287-288, 290, 291, 302, 317; not invited to Honolulu Conference, 490; persuades F.D.R. not to commission La Guardia, 491; plans for possibility of attack on the U.S., 86; prepares to abandon the Philippines, 207; promises Churchill tanks for the Middle East, 236; proposal of, to increase army strength, not approved, 246; protégé of General Pershing, 85; requested to make study of use of colleges for war purposes, 464; reviews troop dispositions with F.D.R., 163; F.D.R. complains to, on issue of de Gaulle, 481; on F.D.R.’s staff throughout his tenure, 494; Stilwell’s reports to, on China, 375, 378, 542; succeeds in retaining Dill in Washington, 189; supports Stilwell, 376, 377, 544; sworn in as Army Chief of Staff, 85; tries to convince F.D.R. of impregnability of Hawaii, 90; urges F.D.R. to ask Congress for extension of selective service, 120; warns against Chennault plan, 377; at White House correspondents’ dinner, 594; at Yalta Conference, 565
Martha, Crown Princess of Norway, 34, 125, 253, 581
Martin, Joseph W., 37, 164, 390, 456, 526
Martinique, 99
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 346
Matsuoka, Yosuke, 18, 20, 21, 79-81, 83, 95, 97, 108, 135
Mead, James M., 277
Mediation Board. See National Defense Mediation Board
Medical Insurance, 364
Mediterranean theater, 15, 16, 69, 70, 73, 77, 78, 86, 87, 89, 180, 229, 243, 308, 311, 314, 315, 316, 318, 319, 325, 326, 328, 329, 333, 369-370, 382, 393, 395, 404, 405, 408, 410, 411, 414, 439-440, 478, 479, 480, 518, 538, 557
Meiji, Emperor of Japan, 138-139
Melbourne, 209
Mellett, Lowell, 451
Mercer, Lucy. See Rutherfurd, Mrs. Winthrop
Merchant Marine Act of 1936, 245
Metallurgical Laboratory (University of Chicago), 251
Michigan, Lake, 473
Microwave Early Warning System, 346
Middle East, 77, 85, 89, 115, 179, 229, 231, 235, 236, 313, 397, 557
Midway, Battle of, 225-226
Midway Island, 165, 172, 175, 202, 222, 225-226, 231, 255, 486
Migration Committee, 339
Mikhailovich, Draja, 272
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaus, 483, 534, 535, 536, 570, 572
Military Affairs Subcommittee (Senate), 339
Military-industrial complex, 347, 466
Military operations. See ANVIL (Southern France); “Barbarossa” (German attack on Russia) ; GYMNAST (Northwest Africa) ; OVERLORD (Allied invasion of France) ; ROUNDUP (cross-channel invasion: abandoned) ; SLEDGEHAMMER (projected cross-channel invasion) ; TORCH (North Africa)
Miners, 263; strikes, 117, 194, 195, 335, 336-337. See also United Mine Workers
Minsk, 483
Miquelon, 184
Mississippi River, 473
Mobile, Ala., 388
Mobilization program, 118
Moley, Raymond, 62
Molotov, Vyacheslav, 16, 68, 93, 94, 95, 102, 113, 187, 231-234, 237, 238, 242, 325, 401, 407, 514, 564, 565, 566, 567, 571, 574, 575, 577, 583, 584, 585, 587
Monetary and financial policy, international, 514
Montecassino. See Cassino
Montgomery, Bernard, 291, 295, 308, 311, 329, 382, 394, 474, 475, 477, 560
Montgomery Ward, 454-455
Moon Is Down, The (Steinbeck), 271
Moore, Edward H., 356
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 8, 23, 25, 39, 45, 53, 60, 91, 92, 99, 105, 114, 121, 159, 173, 186, 215, 248, 249, 256, 257, 262, 296, 297, 299, 301, 352, 363, 364, 397, 433, 434, 437, 441, 442, 515, 519, 520, 530, 561, 594
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 225, 294, 546
Morocco, 173, 285, 286, 288, 294, 322
Morrison, Herbert, 10
Morse, Wayne, 196, 264, 350, 533, 594
Morton, Louis, 495
Moscow, 80, 127, 143, 153, 186, 187, 188, 189, 237, 283, 310, 311, 314, 368, 400, 557
Moslem League, 219
Moslems, 218, 219, 220, 396, 397, 422
Mothers’ Crusade Against Bill 1776, 48
Mountbatten, Lord Louis, 11, 235, 317, 404, 414, 445, 541, 544
Mulberries (artificial harbors), 477
Munitions. See Production
Munitions makers, investigation of (1930’s), 47
Murmansk, convoys to, 233, 237, 288, 310, 313
Murphy, Frank, 152
Murphy, Robert, 286, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 295, 320, 321, 322
Murray, James E., 427
Murray, Philip, 195, 260, 263, 264, 335, 341, 358
Mussolini, Benito: anxious to divert U.S. efforts to the Pacific, 20; forces of, routed by British in Africa, 68; Hitler plans to rescue, 391; invades Greece, 14-15; meeting with Hitler at Berchtesgaden, 330; opinion of
F.D.R., 158; proves to be more of a drain than an ally, 69, 70-71; receives letter from Hitler on Russian invasion, 96; resignation of, 383; reunion with Hitler, 394
My World and Welcome to It (Thurber), 272
Myitkyina, 541
Nagano, Osami, 137, 138, 139, 154, 158
Natal, 57
Nation, The, 133, 295, 391, 421, 467 National Academy of Sciences, 343-344
National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), 301
National Bureau of Standards, 250
National Defense Mediation Board (NDMB), 116, 117, 177, 194, 195
National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), 251, 344, 345, 346; Detection and Controls Division, 346
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), 465
National Negro Council, 123
National Railway Labor Panel, 338
National Resources Planning Board, 353
National’ Science Foundation, 465
National-service law (“work or fight” bill), 424. 432-433, 560
National War Labor Board, 192, 263
National Youth Administration, 124
Nationalist China. See Chiang Kai-shek; China
Native Land (documentary film), 271
Naval Affairs Committee (Senate), 40
Naval warfare. See Atlantic theater; Convoys; France: the French fleet; Japan: Navy; Navy, U.S.; Pacific theater; Royal Navy; Submarine warfare
Navy, Department of the, 249, 344, 346, 352
Navy, U.S.: aircraft carriers in, 345; bombing attacks by, on Japanese cities considered, 86; Coast Guard cutters transferred to the Royal Navy, 88; defends East Indies, 223; discrimination in, 266, 268, 471; estimates of requirements of, submitted to F.D.R., 84; ill-prepared and equipped, 244; Japanese strategy against, in the Pacific, 486; losses, 224-225, 540-541; naval ships, production of, 193; naval war in the Pacific, 222-226, 540-541; reviewed by F.D.R. at Pearl Harbor, 488; F.D.R.’s partiality for, 349; F.D.R. rebuilds, 526; F.D.R.’s support of, 46; Seventh Fleet, 540; successes in the Pacific impress Churchill, 444; suffers its worst defeat, 284; Third Fleet, 540; V-12 program, 464. See also Atlantic theater; Convoys; King, Ernest J.; Marianas, Battle of the; Midway, Battle of; Nimitz, Chester W.; Pacific theater; Pearl Harbor; Royal Navy; Submarine warfare
Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 15, 19, 93, 97, 183, 373, 399, 575
Nazis. See Germany
NDAC. See Advisory Commission to theCouncil of National Defense
Negro Newspaper Publishers Association, 463
Negroes. See Black Americans
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 219, 220, 221, 222, 239, 242, 380
Nelson, Donald M„ 194, 245, 246, 258, 263, 339, 451, 452
Nesbitt, Henrietta, 173
Netherlands, 33, 80, 137, 156, 185, 186, 558
Netherlands East Indies. See East Indies
Neutrality Act, 24, 26, 38, 101, 103, 142, 147, 148
Nevada, U.S.S., 162
New Caledonia, 283
New Deal, vii, 8, 35, 37, 39, 40, 44, 51, 55, 60, 216, 257, 281, 301, 349, 422-424, 426, 435, 448, 465, 500, 501, 506, 512, 522, 529, 553, 603
New Delhi, 380
New Georgia, 444
New Guinea, 182, 202, 209, 228, 337, 382, 443, 444, 487, 592
New Hampshire primary, 1944, 499
“New Order,” the (Germany), 16, 18; (Japan), 18, 20
New Republic, 58, 111, 274, 422
New York City, 200, 243, 460, 483, 610; F.D.R.’s campaign in (1944), 525-526, 532
New York Herald Tribune, 22, 38, 142, 257, 277
New York Herald Tribune Forum, 296, 300
New York Journal-American, 132, 210
New York Post, 142
New York State politics, 275, 277, 279
New York Times, 22, 38, 45, 132, 142, 189, 206, 384, 391, 396, 453
New York Times Magazine, 562
New Zealand, 20, 185, 248, 329, 382
Newark, N.J., 388
Newfoundland, 125, 126, 127, 184, 490
Niblack, U.S.S., 91
Nicaragua, 185
Nicobar Islands, 202
Niles, David K„ 451
Nimitz, Chester W., 225, 226, 228, 350, 444, 485, 486, 488-489, 490, 540
Ninth Infantry Division (U.S. Army), 321
Nishimura, Shoji, 540 Noemfoor, 487
Noguès, Auguste, 286, 293, 294
Nomura, Kichisaburo, 89, 107, 108, 109, 127, 134, 135, 136, 144, 146, 155, 156, 157, 158, 162, 163
Norris, George, 276, 279, 281, 301, 426
North Africa. See Africa
North American Aviation Co., 117
Northern Ireland, 180
Norway, 33, 41, 80, 185, 231, 233, 234, 286, 305, 308, 310, 327, 474
Nuclear-arms race, 457, 459. See also Atomic bomb
Nuclear reactor, 251
Nutrition Conference, 1941, 53-54
Nye, Gerald P., 47, 49, 426, 429, 528, 532
Oahu, 160, 161, 163, 165, 225, 489
Oakland, Calif., 270
Occupation zones, 519, 545, 582
Odessa, 446
Office of Civilian Defense, 116, 177, 198
Office of Defense, Health and Welfare Services, 348
Office of Defense Transportation, 354
Office of Economic Stabilization (OES), 262, 339, 340, 354, 363
Office of Economic Warfare, 342
Office of Education, 462
Office of Emergency Management, 191, 332
Office of Facts and Figures, 385
Office of Price Administration andCivilian Supply (OPA), 116, 197, 257, 258, 340, 350
Office of Production Management (OPM), 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 191, 193, 194, 264, 344
Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD), 251, 344, 345, 347, 464-465
Office of Strategic Services, 385
Office of War Information (OWI), 267, 350, 379, 384, 385, 451, 462
Office of War Mobilization (OWM), 340, 343, 350, 353, 354, 363
Oil: embargo, to Japan, 21, 107, 109, 110; establishment of commission toregulate production of, 354; sent toRussia, 135
Oklahoma, U.S.S., 162
Omaha Beach, 474, 475, 476, 477
One of Our Aircraft is Missing (film), 271
“Open Door Policy,” 375
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 456, 558
Oran, 65, 285, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 293, 294, 402, 403
Ordnance (U.S. Army), 250, 344
Osmeña, Sergio, 596
Oswego, N.Y., 442
Oumansky, Constantine, 102
Oursler, Fulton, 103
OVERLORD, 405, 407, 408, 410, 411, 414, 415, 416, 438, 439, 443, 446, 473, 478, 479, 480
Ozawa, Jisaburo, 487
Pacific First strategy, 188, 210, 400, 500, 501
Pacific theater, 16, 20, 89, 90, 92, 106, 160, 165, 173, 175, 176, 180, 181, 201-209, 209-213, 217-226, 247, 255-256, 305, 313, 314, 315, 317, 318, 319, 333, 370, 375, 382, 400, 403, 405, 408, 443-445, 479, 484-488, 490, 493, 518, 519, 529, 539-541, 545, 546, 547, 558, 560, 565, 574, 575, 588-593; North Pacific, 383; South Pacific, 155, 203, 526; Southwest Pacific, 127, 182, 207, 209, 404, 414, 501; Western Pacific, 443. See also specific Asian countries
Palau Islands, 486
Palermo, 382
Palestine, 395, 397-398, 442, 578-579
Pan American Airways, 271
Pan American Highway, 57
Pan American Scientific Congress, 250
Pan-Slavism, 373
Panay, U.S.S., 21
Paraguay, 397
Paris, liberation of, 482-483
Patch, Alexander M., 480
Patterson, Eleanor (Cissy), 212, 421, 453
Patton, George S., Jr., 317, 329, 343, 382, 482, 492
Paul, Prince of Yugoslavia, 65, 71
Paul, Randolph, 363, 364, 434, 437, 441
Paul Revere Sentinels, 48
Pauley, Edwin, 503
Paullin, James A., 449
Paulus, Friedrich, 282
Pavlov, V. N., 406
Peabody, Endicott, 7, 131, 448, 563, 605, 608
Pearl Harbor: attack on, 78, 159, 160-167, 172, 173, 176, 188, 201, 207, 453, 470, 547; Japanese submarine captured at, 270; F.D.R.’s visit to, 488, 490; sabotage and espionage at, 215; ships in, 202, 222, 226, 490
Pearson, Drew, 398
Pearson, Hesketh, 272
Pegler, Westbrook, 216
Pend Oreille, Idaho, 269
Pentagon. See War, Department of
Pepper, Claude, 47-48, 332, 532
Perkins, Frances, 23, 39, 40, 65, 117, 177, 198, 343, 361, 377, 412, 450, 515, 561, 562, 594
Persian Gulf, 68
Pescadores, 404
Pétain, Henri, 14, 15, 64, 65, 73, 98, 285, 287, 288, 293, 294, 295
Peter, King of Yugoslavia, 253
Petroleum, 342. See also Gasoline rationing
Petsamo, 412
Pew, Joe, 421
Philadelphia, 526-527, 546, 606
Philadelphia transit system strike, 510
Philippines, the: Allied forces driven out of, to be based in Australia, 204; Allied liberation of, 540, 548; Allied strategy in, 182, 206-209, 443, 444, 487, 488, 518, 540; American withdrawal from, 209, 501; attack on, by Japan, 165, 172, 175, 186. 201, 202-203, 206-209, 547; attack on Pearl Harbor thought to be attack on, 162; capital of, declared an open city, 206; capture of Luzon, 202-203; considered strategically viable, 150; convoy of supplies for, rerouted, 176; guarantee of neutrality of, included in Japanese proposal, 138; establishment of Commonwealth government of, 378; independence promised to, 209, 378, 379, 593, 596; invasion of, by Japan, 202-203, 218; Japan promises to include in Co-Prosperity Sphere, 218; Japanese movements a threat to, 78, 158; MacArthur as commander of U.S. forces in, 109, 150; MacArthur’s love for, 206; MacArthur’s promise to return to, 209, 485, 527; military forces of, mustered into U.S. service, 109, 172; need for strengthening forces in, 151; neglect of defenses charged, 206; plan to withdraw U.S. Asiatic Fleet from, 86; President of, 206, 489, 596; propaganda to, 267, 379; Quezon’s neutralization proposal for, 208, 216; F.D.R. deems it vital to save, 180; F.D.R. speculates on possibility of Japan’s attack on, 160; F.D.R.’s message to, 208-209, 210; visits of Japanese Premier to, 379
Philippines Independence Act of 1934, 378
Pinchot, Gifford, 511
Pisa, 479
Pius XII, Pope, 152
Plan Position Indicator, 346
Plays, wartime, 271
Pogue, Forrest, 85
Poland: as bellwether of Communist ambitions, 572; border problems, 187, 360, 361, 365, 372, 413, 483, 536, 569-572, 583; and Churchill, 534-535, 536, 537, 558, 569, 570-572, 583-584; cleavage between Russia and the West over, 558; conquest of, by Germany, 15, 68, 80, 93; elections, 571, 572, 573; and Germany, 15, 68, 80, 85, 93, 483, 534-535, 536, 569, 570, 571, 575-576; government-in-exile, in London, 129, 372, 413, 483, 534, 536, 537, 570, 571, 572; and Great Britain, 570, 583; high rate of literacy in, 572; invaded by Germany, 85; as issue at Teheran Conference, 412, 413, 569; as issue at Yalta Conference, 558, 565, 569-573, 583, 584, 585; Katyn Forest massacre, 372; occupation of, by Russia, 483, 539, 565, 569, 572; Polish Army, 474, 571; provisional government, 483, 534, 535, 536-537, 560, 569, 570, 571, 572, 583, 584; as possible target for Allied offensive, 305; and F.D.R., 129, 360, 372, 373, 412, 413, 483, 534-537, 565, 569-573, 583-584, 585; and Russia, 187, 372, 373, 374, 413, 483, 534-537, 539, 560, 565, 569-573, 575-576, 583, 584; as signatory of Declaration of Allied Unity, 185; sphere-of-interest problem emerges in, 483; and Stalin. 187, 372, 412, 413, 483, 534-537, 569, 570-573, 575-576, 583-584, 587; Warsaw uprising, 534-535
Policing power. See Big Four
Polish-American Congress, 534
Polish-Americans, 112, 129, 360, 372, 373, 413, 483, 534, 535, 569
Polish Committee of National Liberation (Warsaw/Lublin Poles), 483, 534, 535, 536; as provisional government, 536-537, 560, 569, 570, 571, 572, 583, 584
Polish Corridor, 571
Political parties, realignment plan, 275-276, 280, 511-513, 608
Port Darwin, 223
Port Lyautey, 322
Port Moresby, 225
Portal, Sir Charles, 317, 368, 407
Portland, Wash., 269
Portsmouth, 474
Portugal, 65, 127, 179, 352-353, 393
Portuguese West Africa, 397
Poston (internment camp), 267
Postwar world security policy, 357, 366, 409, 427-429
Potomac (presidential yacht), 125, 132, 199, 254, 402
Pound, Sir Dudley, 128, 317, 368
Powell, Adam Clayton, 533
PQ-18 (convoy), 310
Pravda, 229
Price control, 116, 196-197, 257-258, 259, 340-341, 468
Prince of Wales, H.M.S., 12, 125, 126, 128, 131, 175, 203
Proclamation of unlimited national emergency, 101
Production: and aid to Great Britain, 24-25; American effort toasted by Stalin, 411; conflict with labor, 117; conversion to war production, 118; creation of agencies, 116-117; crisis of, 193, 333; effort called for in F.D.R.’s “arsenal of democracy” speech, 28, 29; goals, 190, 246-249, 306; husbanding of resources, 494; and labor, 53-56. 465; lagging badly, 118, 192-194, 245-246; material shortages, 52; military airplanes, 333; mobilization of resources, 51-53; munitions, 28; NDAC advisors, 51; no unified program, 272, 332; F.D.R. on, 333-334; Senate committee investigating, 118-119, 193, 339; shortages of essential munitions, 118; soars, 460; unity of effort, 271, 272-273, 467-472. See also Budget; Labor; Manpower; Shipbuilding
Propaganda, 385-388
Psychological warfare. See Propaganda
Public opinion: and aid to Great Britain, 132-133; defeatism and fatalism, 66; and international issues, 559; in 1941, 40-43; optimism about the war, 469; pessimistic attitude to defeat in Pacific, 209-213; F.D.R. attempts to gauge, 98; F.D.R. and public opinion polls, 607; F.D.R. shows his usual respect for, 152; spirit of unity sweeps U.S. after Pearl Harbor, 176; and war aims, 467-468
Puerto Rico, 378
Pyle, Ernie, 471
Quebec Conference (first), 389, 391-393, 397, 398, 399, 457; (second), 458, 518-521, 543
Queen Mary, S.S., 368, 391, 469
Quezon, Manuel, 206, 208, 209, 216, 379, 489
Quincy, U.S.S., 565, 578, 579, 580
Rabat, 321
Racial intolerance, viii, 275, 497, 498, 512, 529-530. See also Black Americans; Japanese-Americans; Jews; Mexican-Americans
Radar systems, 345
Radiation laboratory, MIT, 346
Radio Corporation of America, 264
Radio proximity fuse, 345
Raeder, Erich, 16, 69, 105, 106, 141, 142, 243
Railroad crisis, 195-196, 338, 354, 422
Railway Labor Act, 338
Randolph Field. 270
Rankin, John, 216, 421, 431, 437
Rapido River, 438
Rastenburg, 282
Ratcliffe, S. K., 497
Rayburn, Sam, 40, 120, 164, 261, 433, 456, 504
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 25, 341
Red Army. See Russia: German invasion
Red Network, The (Dilling), 48, 453
Red Star, 97
Refugee Board. See War Refugee Board
Regensburg, 445
Reid, Mrs. Ogden, 277
Reilly, Mike, 268, 269, 317, 320, 322, 406, 508, 509, 564, 578
“Relief, Recovery, and Reform,” 53
Religion: freedom of religion clause, Declaration of Allied Unity, 183-184;
religious intolerance in the U.S., 529-530
Remember Pearl Harbor (film), 271
“Report to the Secretary on the Acquiescence of this Government in the Murder of the Jews” (Paul), 441
Reprisal (Vance), 272
Republic, The, 516
Republican National Committee, 275; Chairman of, 176
Republican party: coalition of, with Southern and conservative Democrats, 37, 40, 305, 421, 534; coalition of liberals of, with Democratic liberals, 275-276, 279, 280, 511-512, 513, 608; collaboration of, with Democratic party in Congress, 594; conference of, on Mackinac Island, 400, 428-429, 510; congressional, 37, 38, 39, 280, 400, 499, 500, 510, 524, 526, 534, 594; convention (1942), 275, (1940), 502, (1944), 501, 502, 510, 511; division in, 37-39; election of 1936, 38; election of 1940, 36, 502; election of 1942, 274-281, 301, 502; election of 1944, 400, 498-503, 507, 509-513, 522-524, 525, 526, 527-530, 532, 533-534; internationalist members of, favor postwar security organization, 358, 400, 427, 428-429, 510; members of, as dollar-a-year men, 88; National Chairman of, 176; power holders of, 37, 426; presidential, 37, 38, 39, 274, 276, 280-281, 358, 400, 499, 502, 510, 511, 513, 528; primaries, 499; and F.D.R., 7, 38, 43, 122-123, 279, 427, 522-524, 526, 527, 528, 529; rumored to be agent in deal for a negotiated peace, 211; shift of black vote to, 280; and soldiers’-vote bill, 431. See also Congress; Dewey, Thomas E.; Willkie, Wendell L.
Resonant cavity magnetron, 346
Reuben James, U.S.S., 148
Reuther, Walter, 193
“Revere, Paul” (radio traitor), 498
Reykjavik, 147
Rheinmetall-Borsig Works, 17, 66
Rhone Valley, 478
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 16, 17, 81, 82, 108, 174
Ribbentrop-Molotov line, 413
Rice, Stuart, 452
Rimini, 479
Robin Moor, (U.S. freighter), 101, 140
Roman Catholics: feeling against
involvement with Bolshevism, 152
Rome, 383, 391, 393, 394, 408, 438, 439, 476, 478
Rommel, Erwin, 75, 76, 78, 235, 236, 291, 295, 308, 313, 326, 327, 329, 474, 477
Roosevelt, Anna (Mrs. John Boettiger) (daughter of F.D.R.), 7, 199, 269, 447, 448, 521, 523, 564, 578, 579, 581, 594, 605, 606, 612
Roosevelt, Eleanor (wife of F.D.R.), 23, 450, 455; accused of stirring up racial hatred, 498; backs Wallace for Vice President, 503; campaigns for F.D.R. in New York, 525; as a champion of the poor and oppressed, 8, 59, 123, 124, 266, 472; character of, 7-8, 59-60; Christmas 1944, 554; and Churchill, 178, 521; criticism of, 211, 498; election night, 1940, 3; at funeral of F.D.R., 601, 602, 604, 606, 612; grief at parting from her sons, 177; hears F.D.R.’s speech to Congress on Yalta, 581; hears F.D.R.’s speech on the Four Freedoms, 34; helps found Freedom House, 275; letter to A. Philip Randolph, 124; letters to, from F.D.R., 402-403, 404, 451, 463, 579; marriage of, 4; marriage relationship, 7, 59-60; observation of, re Democratic party, 276; on the oil embargo to Japan, 21; opens school, 577; persuades F.D.R. to have checkup, 448; presented with tiara by Sultan of Morocco, 322; prods F.D.R. to appoint liberals, 62; at Quebec Conference, 518; questions F.D.R. about the war, 201; rooms of, at the White House, 58, 59; and Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd, 199, 606; tours U.S. with F.D.R., 268; with F.D.R. in Washington, 22; as White House hostess, 7, 33, 302, 530; witnesses signing of United Nations Declaration of Allied Unity, 185; wonders about Hopkins’ friendship with F.D.R., 62; works in Office of Civilian Defense, 198: world travels, 300, 390, 447
Roosevelt, Elliott (son of F.D.R.), 126, 177, 316, 317, 322, 379, 390, 403, 407, 410, 554, 605, 612
Roosevelt, Mrs. Elliott (Faye Emerson), 554, 605
Roosevelt, Mrs. Elliott (Ruth JosephineGoggins), 270
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, personality and private life: as a bird watcher, 200; character, vii, 9, 36, 58, 62, 63, 67, 88, 92, 115, 131, 143, 176, 177, 253, 298-299, 342, 347, 421, 452-453, 549-550, 595, 602-603, 604-605, 606-609; childhood and early life, 4-5, 604; cruise down the Potomac, 24; cruise through the Caribbean, 24; daily routine and work habits, 22-23, 61, 299-300, 447; death and funeral. 600-612; and the death of his mother, 139-140; eulogies, 611: health, 4-5, 36, 143-144, 324, 326, 332, 390, 409, 424, 448-450, 498, 507-508, 509, 521, 526, 533, 562, 564, 573-574, 579, 582, 584-585, 589-590, 591, 594-595; as a humanitarian, 7, 595; humor, 67, 88, 213, 299; journalistic days, 491; law practice, 4; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt, 21; letters to Eleanor Roosevelt, 402-403, 404, 451, 463, 579: love for royalty, 253; love of Hyde Park, 199-200, 389; marriage, 4; marriage relationship, 59-60: mentions his four sons in the services, 527; moral credo, 549-550; reads Christmas Carol. 417, 554; social life, 33; stimulated by memories of old times, 450-451; world reaction to his death, 610-611
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, political and public life: accessibility, 62; accused of deliberately inviting attack on Pearl Harbor, 453-454; accused of nepotism, 390, 431; appointments, 122-123, 350; as an arbiter of aid priorities, 248; at ARCADIA Conference, 178-191, 229, 247: as architect of military victory, 546-547; at Argentina, 125-131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 178, 475; as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 4, 353; and atomic bomb, 456, 457, 458, 550, 558, 591; on the British, 566; cables Churchill condolences on Greece, 77, 89; cables Churchill essence of American proposals to Japan, 156; at Cairo Conferences, 389, 402, 403-405, 414-416, 443, 445; and the campaign of 1912, 594; and the Casablanca Conference, 308, 315-324, 381, 389; and Chiang Kai-shek, 82-83, 109, 186. 188, 240-242, 377, 378, 389, 399, 402, 403-405, 407, 414-415, 541-545, 574, 576-577, 590, 592, 601; as Chief Executive, 347-355; and China. 82-83, 109, 145, 159, 186, 204-205, 238, 374-378, 407, 541-545, 546, 549, 574, 576-577, 588-590, 592, 609; and civil liberties, 216-217; and colonialism, 218, 322, 378, 381, 388, 404, 549, 591-593, 608-609, 611; as Commander in Chief, 228, 490-496, 546; commitment to the survival of Great Britain, 84, 88-89; compared with Stalin, 92, 551; concern over war in Asia, 596; congratulates Churchill on Burma victory, 541; conventional view of, 547; on D day, 476; and the Darlan deal, 296-298, 300, 319-320, 548, 608; and Declaration of Allied Unity, 183-185; and de Gaulle, 287, 320-323, 389, 407, 480-481, 482, 566, 579, 591, 592-593, 604; and the Democratic party, 7, 36-37, 39-40, 273, 274, 276-277, 279, 280-281, 510-512, 513, 594; describes his politics as left of center, 553; early political career, 4-5; and education, 464; election of 1910 (New York Senate), 4; election of 1920 (Vice Presidency), 4; election of 1940 (Presidency), 3-4, 5-7, 33, 36; election of 1944 (Presidency), 498-513, 516, 521-534; as the first President to fly, 316; on freedom, 387; as Governor of New York State, 5; as grand strategist, 544-552; and Greece, 77, 365, 395, 538-539; greets new British Ambassador, 74; harsh attitude toward Germany, 441, 520, 566; on Hitlerism, 149, 151, 387; at Honolulu Conference, 488-489, 490, 496, 507; inaugurals. 35, 260, 559, 562-563; and India, 219-220, 221-222, 231. 239, 240, 241-242, 380-381, 422, 549, 593, 608-609; indignant about the attitudes he found at home, 422; and Indochina, 127, 135, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 379, 407, 591-592, 593; insists on direct attack on Germany, 548, 554; issues proclamation of unlimited national emergency, 101; and Italy, 6, 318, 368-369, 391, 537-538; and Japan, 6, 79, 107, 127-128, 149-150, 153, 155, 601; and Japanese-Americans, 267; and the Jews, 43, 395-398, 545, 577-579; and labor. 7, 117, 177. 191-192, 194-196, 259-260, 263-265, 334-338, 465, 522; lack of leadership, 65-66, 119-120, 133, 149, 353-355; leads nation in prayer, 476; and the League of Nations, 7, 359; legislative fortunes at lowest ebb, 594; letters and notes, 43, 84, 98, 103, 108, 114, 122-123, 156, 186, 190, 223 230, 232, 241-242, 253, 259, 275, 282, 289-290, 297, 299-300, 307, 314, 334, 335, 363, 371, 390, 417, 436, 445, 450, 512, 561, 584, 587, 594, 609; on liberty, 214; and MacArthur, 109, 182, 205, 207-209, 211, 226, 274, 284, 350, 485, 488-489, 490, 500, 527, 528, 603; meetings with Churchill in the U.S., 176, 178-190, 229, 247, 251, 367, 368-371, 389, 394, 416, 458, 521; meetings with congressional leaders, 61, 433; meeting with Eden, 365-367; meeting with Gromyko, 517-518; meeting with Gimther, 56-58; meeting with Hurley, 588-590; meeting with Mikolajczyk, 483, 570; meetings with Nomura, 134, 135, 155; meetings with Willkie, 43, 275, 280, 512; and the Munich crisis, 7; and the Navy, 46, 228, 244, 349, 444, 526; and Negroes, 123-124, 265-266, 463, 472; non-political posture, 273-281; opinion of Hitler, 67, 68, 140-141; Pacific trip, 488-490, 496, 507, 508; party coalition under, 7, 36-43, 274, 279, 524; party-realignment plan, 275-276, 280, 511-512, 513, 608; peace aims and postwar planning, 33. 232, 300-302, 306, 358-364, 365, 509-510, 515, 582; peak of his political prestige, 36; and Pearl Harbor, 162, 163-164, 165, 172, 176; personal popularity, 210, 272-273, 468; and planning, 353-355; pledge to keep out of the war, 6, 28, 42, 388, 513, 530; and Poland, 129, 360, 372, 373, 412, 413, 483, 534-537, 565, 569-573, 583-584, 585; political courage, 606; political goals, 547-550; and presidential organization, 339-343; and the press, 398, 428, 453, 497, 509; press conferences, 24, 26, 33, 88, 116, 172-173, 269-270, 273, 323, 332, 384, 423, 428, 460, 463, 468, 472, 476, 497, 532, 540, 553, 596; projected trip to England, 594; projected visit to New York City, 200; as a propagandist, 381-388; proposals of, to Churchill, on India, 219-221; and public opinion, 40-43, 66, 98, 152, 209-213, 467-468, 559, 607; at Quebec Conferences, 389, 392-393, 397, 457, 458, 518-521, 543; quotes Lincoln, 107, 492, 507; rallies the nation at the time of Pearl Harbor, 172, 176; reaction to German invasion of Russia, 98, 102-103; relations with Churchill, 11, 39-40, 65, 73, 77, 89, 219, 221, 288-290, 369, 403, 405, 415-416, 478-480, 518, 521, 537-538, 585, 596; relations with Congress, 120, 197, 246, 301, 305, 307, 331, 332, 362, 426, 427, 430, 431, 434, 435, 436, 437, 510, 594; relations with Hopkins, 60-61, 62, 579; relations with Joint Chiefs of Staff, 491; relations with Russia, 102-103, 151, 611; relations with Stalin, 201, 232, 313, 399, 412, 416, 484, 537, 566, 575, 585-587, 596, 603, 608; relations with Vichy, 24, 286-287, 293; “Relief, Recovery, and Reform” program, 53; and the Republican party, 7, 38, 43, 122-123, 279, 427, 522-524, 526, 527, 528, 529; respected in France, 290; responds to Churchill’s letter with Lend-Lease program, 25; reviews American Negro troops, 324; reviews courts-martial sentences, 493; reviled in German propaganda, 37, 388; on rubber, 258-259; “Sail on, O Ship of State!” quoted by, 43; salutes the fall of Rome, 476; as seen by Hitler, 15, 67-68, 174, 309, 475; sends to Churchill confidential cable from Chiang Kai-shek, 241; separation of political and military policies, 494, 495, 546, 549, 587; strategy, 84-92, 101, 153, 312, 422, 440, 478, 485; succumbs to classic dilemma of democratic leaders, 550: and taxation, 121, 256-257, 260, 262, 307, 363-364, 433-437, 510, 560; and the Teheran Conference, 389, 400, 406-414, 415, 427, 429, 439, 478, 479, 574, 608; tour of U.S. (1942), 268-271, 279, 282; and unconditional surrender, 323, 384, 393, 397, 422, 440-441, 495, 546, 548, 582; and the U.N., 427-429, 533, 547-548, 560, 565, 566, 567-568, 582, 604, 611; urges Churchill to minimize Soviet problem, 596; “vice of immediacy,” 548; visits Adak, 489-490; visits Alaska, 489-490, 507; visits American troops in the field, 321, 324; visits Balaklava battlefield, 578; visits Hawaii, 488-489, 507; visits Malta, 416; visits Marrakesh, 324; visits Rabat and Port Lyautey, 321-322; visits Sevastopol, 578; visit to the Sphinx, 415; visits Tunis, 416; on war aims, 467-468; watches landing exercise at San Diego, 488; and Wendell Willkie, 5, 6, 43, 48-49, 51, 60-61, 194, 274-276, 279-280, 283, 296, 379, 427, 434, 437, 500, 511-513, 528, 604; and world organizations, 359; in World War I, 491; and Yalta Conference, 558, 559, 564-580, 582, 584, 585, 591, 592, 608
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, oratory: acceptance speech from Philadelphia (1936), 508; acceptance speech from San Diego (1944), 506-507, 508; address to Congress asking for declaration of war against Japan, 165-167; address to Congress on the Four Freedoms, 34-35; address to Congress on Yalta Conference, 581-582; address to the nation on Washington’s birthday, 1942, 212-213; “Arsenal of Democracy” speech, 27-29, 35; campaign speech at Hotel Statler, September 1944, 521-524; campaign speech at Boston. 529-530; Christmas address (1941), 178, (1944), 554; fireside chats, 27-29, 35, 140-141, 142, 172-173, 213, 261, 269, 336, 384, 390, 416, 424, 467, 560-561; inaugural address (1933), 260, (1941), 35, (1945), 563; Jefferson Day speech (1943), 357, (1945), 596-597; Navy Day speech (1941), 147-148, (1944), 546; report to the nation on the home front, Columbus Day, 1942, 271; speech on Nazi war aims, May 27, 1941, 100-101; speech to Bremerton workers on his Pacific journey, 508-509; speech to the eighth Pan American Scientific Congress, 250; speech to French over BBC on North African landings, 292; speech to neighbors on third election night, 4; speech to White House correspondents on Lend-Lease, 50-51; State of the Union messages, 33-35, 190-192, 305-307, 308, 333-334, 361, 422, 423, 424-425, 559, 560
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, Jr. (son of F.D.R.), 3, 4, 126, 294, 403
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano 3rd (grandson of F.D.R.), 4
Roosevelt, James (great-grandfather of F.D.R.), 132
Roosevelt, James (son of F.D.R.), 62, 145, 177, 450, 507, 509, 562
Roosevelt, John (son of F.D.R.), 3, 62
Roosevelt, Sara (mother of F.D.R.), 3, 7, 27, 37, 139-140, 143
Roosevelt, President Theodore, 4, 37, 38, 39, 205, 257, 343, 426, 604
Root, Elihu. 37
Rosenman, Samuel, 8, 33, 99, 140, 253, 254, 255, 260, 298, 383, 416, 423, 424, 432, 437, 451, 455, 464, 465, 488, 489, 505, 508, 511, 512, 521, 527, 529, 530, 562, 579, 582
Ross, Malcolm, 463
Rostov, 237
ROUNDUP, 311, 312, 313, 318, 392
Royal Navy: British battleship strength, 12; and the campaign in Greece, 76; Churchill offers British fleet against Japan, 519; defends the East Indies, 223; destroys a German convoy off Crete, 76; the Home Fleet, 327; loss of battleships, 99, 175-176; and the Pacific war, 444; receives Coast Guard cutters from U.S., 88; sinking of the Bismarck, 99-100. See also Atlantic theater; Convoys; Navy, U.S.; Submarine warfare
Rubber shortage, 258-259, 311, 354
Rubber Supply Agency, 259, 342
Rules Committee (House), 40, 278-279
Rumania, 15, 71, 73, 187, 233, 308, 441, 446, 484, 537, 554
Ruml, Beardsley, 363
Runstedt, Gerd von, 474
Rural Electrification Administration, 460
Russell, Bertrand, 358
Russia: aid to, 103, 111-112, 113, 114, 115, 127, 151, 152, 153, 211, 232, 233-234, 237, 247, 248-249, 310, 319, 398, 411; as an ally, 186-187; and the atomic bomb, 457, 459, 546, 550, 608; and the Balkans, 17, 94, 483-484, 537, 554, 557; and Bulgaria, 68, 71, 94, 537, 554; casualties, 546; Catholic reaction to, 152; and China, 79, 81, 83, 576-577, 589; and Churchill, 101, 111, 126, 153, 186-187, 312, 416, 515, 585; colonial rivalry with Great Britain in 19th century, 373; Comintern dissolved, 367, 373; convoys to, 233, 237, 288, 308, 310, 313, 327-328, 367, 372; craving for peace, 539; and the Declaration of Allied Unity, 183-184, 185; demands at Yalta, 574-577; expelled from League of Nations, 567; and Finland, 17, 68, 94, 187, 365, 372, 412, 567; German invasion, campaigns, retreats, and withdrawal, 95-97, 101-103, 106, 110-111, 111-112, 113, 127, 137, 142, 143, 151, 153, 186-187, 188, 228-229, 231, 232-233, 237, 247, 282-283, 300, 305, 308, 313, 314, 407, 408, 446, 483, 520, 557-558, 566, 575, 576, 586, 587; and Great Britain, 94, 102, 111, 232, 248, 283, 373; and Greece, 484, 537, 538, 583, 586; Hitler as seen by the Russians, 67; Hitler’s hatred of, 70, 309-310; Hitler’s plan to conquer, 15, 17, 68-70, 80; and Hungary, 518, 537; and India, 17, 20, 68; and international economic policy, 514-515; and invitation to join the Tripartite Pact, 16, 68, 79, 81, 156; and Japan, 19, 81, 83, 94-95, 97, 108, 135, 137, 184, 188, 189, 207, 313, 314, 400, 401, 414, 545, 546, 565, 572, 574, 575, 576, 590; and Manchuria, 545, 574, 575, 576, 577; Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 15, 19, 93, 97, 183, 373, 399, 575; need for border security, 373; not admitted as member of MAB, 247; not represented on Combined Chiefs of Staff, 186; and the Pacific war, 188-189, 207, 401, 408, 414, 545, 546, 565, 572, 574, 575, 576, 588, 590; and Poland, 187, 372, 373, 374, 413, 483, 534-537, 539, 560, 565, 569-573, 575-576, 583, 584; in postwar world, vii, 365, 366-367, 514-515, 516; reaction to F.D.R.’s death, 610; receives oil supplies, 135; the Revolution, 373, 551; and Rumania, 15, 187, 233, 308, 446, 484, 537, 554; sends raw materials to Germany, 94; Soviet funds in the U.S. unfrozen, 103; Soviet Japanese Neutrality Pact, 81, 83, 94-95; twenty-year peace treaty with Great Britain, 232; and the U.N., 515, 517, 567-568, 572, 584; and the U.S., vii, 94, 103, 112, 360, 372-374, 470, 537, 539, 564, 590; and the West, ix, 327, 514-515, 558, 572, 585-587; White Russia, 567. See also Second front; Stalin, Joseph; Teheran Conference ; Yalta Conference
Rutherfurd, Winthrop, 198
Rutherfurd, Mrs. Winthrop (Lucy Mercer), 7, 198-199, 450, 599, 600, 606
Saar, 520
Sabath, Adolph J., 40
Saboteurs, German, electrocution of, 217, 255
Sachs, Alexander, 249-250, 550
Saint-Lô, 482
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 453
St. Pierre, 184
Saint-Tropez, Gulf of, 480
Saint-Vith, 554
Salaries, limitation of. See Wage control
Salerno, 394
San Bernadino Strait, 540
San Diego, Calif., 222, 270, 488, 496, 498, 506, 507, 508, 509, 521
San Francisco Chronicle, 214
San Francisco Conference, 582, 583, 584, 585, 587, 590, 592, 594
Santa Barbara, Calif., 213, 214
Sarnoff, David, 264
Saudi Arabia, 397
Scharnhorst (German battle cruiser), 89, 327
Schweinfurt, 445
Scientific research, 343-347
Scott, John, 272
SCR-594 ground radar, 345
Sea of Japan, 224
Sea power, 12-13. See also Navy, U.S.; Royal Navy
II Corps (U.S. Army), 326, 329
Second front (cross-channel invasion): Churchill and, 230-231, 234, 235-236, 238, 285-286, 325, 367, 369, 392, 408, 438; contingent upon transportation, 326; crisis in U.S.-Soviet relations over, 372-374; discussed at Casablanca Conference, 315-319; Korneichuk on the postponement of, 399; Marshall fears the North African operation will delay, 287; plans for, 229-238, 369-370, 407-412, 414; postponements of, 236-237, 285-286, 312, 325, 328, 367, 370-374, 399, 548, 549, 608; F.D.R. and, 392-393, 548, 549, 608; F.D.R.s comment on, 300; F.D.R. pledges, 233; the Russian people and, 484; settled at Teheran Conference, 407-412, 414; Stalin calls for, 153, 187, 188, 229, 233, 242, 310-311, 313, 314, 315, 325, 327; Stalin informed of postponements, 236-237, 370-371; Stalin waits for, 446; Willkie as a supporter of, 275, 279, 283. See also OVERLORD
Sedition trials, 453-454. See also Saboteurs; Subversive activities
Segregation. See Black Americans
Seine, Bay of the, 473
Selective Service. See Draft
Selective Service Act of 1940, 120
Senate: asked to ratify treaty surrendering extraterritorial rights in China, 375; confirms Secretary of Commerce, 593; kills aid-to-education bill, 421; and the Office of War Information, 385; and the price-control bill, 197, 258, 262; rejects head of Rural Electrification, 594; tax bills prepared by, 363, 433; and the United Nations, 517, 581. See also Banking and Currency Committee; Congress; Education and Labor Subcommittee; Finance Committee; Foreign Relations Committee; Military Affairs Subcommittee; Naval Affairs Committee; Special Committee to Investigate the Defense Program
Sengstacke, John, 463
Serbia, 365
Servicemen’s vote bill. See Soldiers’-vote bill
Sevastopol, 228, 237, 565, 578
Seventh Army (General Patton), 382
Seventh Fleet, 540
7th Infantry Division (U.S. Army), 489
Sexual equality, move toward, 461
Sforza, Count Carlo, 391, 537, 538
“Shall We Have More TVA’s?” (Lilienthal), 562
“Shangri-La” (camp), 253-255, 291, 294, 383
Sherwood, Robert, 9, 33, 50, 58, 59, 99, 101, 149, 213, 244, 260, 297, 336, 337, 383, 384, 385, 415, 424, 451, 529, 530, 538, 607, 608, 611
Shimada, Shigetaro, 154
Shipbuilding, 25, 190, 191, 193, 244-245, 333, 334
Shipping: Byrnes reports on problems, 560; gift to Britain of destroyers, 11, 13, 33; lease of cargo ships, 25; Liberty ships, 245, 469; losses, Allied, 10, 12, 65, 72, 89, 100, 221, 233, 237, 243-245, 327, 333, 549; F.D.R. refuses to divert shipping from military needs, 549; shortage of, 181; use of American ports by British warships, 41, 64, 88; Victory ships, 469. See also Navy, U.S.; Royal Navy
Shirer, William L., 358
Shokaku (Japanese carrier), 225
Sholto-Douglas, Sir William, 603
“Shoot on sight” policy, 141, 142. See also
Atlantic theater
Shotwell, James T., 515
Shoumatoff, Elizabeth, 599-600
Siam, 156
Siam, Gulf of, 203
Siberia, 78, 80, 97, 173, 188, 189, 233, 237
Sibuyan Sea, 540
Sicily, 64, 74, 285, 305, 311, 312, 317, 319, 325, 326, 328, 369, 381, 382, 383, 393, 416, 422, 492
Sikorski, Wladyslaw, 372
Sinai Desert, 406
Sinclair, Upton, 62
Singapore, 13, 21, 79, 80, 86, 90, 149, 160, 175, 180, 186, 202, 203, 204, 209, 216, 219, 223, 240, 268, 444, 540
Singora, 203
“Sistie.” See Dall, Eleanor
Smedley, Agnes, 381
Smith, Alfred E., 277, 348, 356, 426, 497, 529, 530, 602, 604, 605
Smith, E. D. (“Cotton Ed”), 427
Smith, Gerald, 528
Smith, Harold, 159, 257, 335, 342, 348, 350, 353, 421, 452, 465
Smith, Howard W., 331
Smith, Merriman, 269
Smith-Connally bill, 337
Smuts, Jan Christian, 548, 609
Social conditions, in the U.S., viii, 53-54, 465-466
“Social Insurance and Allied Services” (Beveridge Plan), 361
Social Justice (journal), 211
Social Security, 192, 361-362, 364, 434, 560
Social Security Act, 362
Sojourner Truth housing project, 466
Soldiers’-vote bill, 421, 429-431, 437
Solid Fuels Administrator, 337
Solomon Islands, 182, 209, 225, 255, 283, 284, 285, 291, 300, 314, 382, 444
Somervell, Brehon, 246, 333, 565
Songs, of the war, 271
Soong, T. V., 83, 145, 184, 185, 453
South, the: Democratic party in, 36-37, 40, 421, 427, 431, 437, 506, 510, 511, 524; Cordell Hull and Jesse Jones as spokesmen for, 39; and interventionism, 43; Negroes in, 461, 462
South Africa, 185
South America, 13, 147, 266. See also Latin America
South Sea islands, 390
Southwick House, 474
Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact, 81, 83, 94-95
Soviet Union. See Russia
Spain: Allied advance in Italy affects, 395; and Germany, 10, 14, 64, 65, 179, 288, 291; and Great Britain, 14, 65, 77, 127; and Italy, 393; neutrality of, 313-314, 397; Spanish Morocco, 288; and the U.S., 65, 77, 127, 397. See also Franco, Francisco
Special Committee to Investigate the Defense Program (Senate). See Truman Committee
Spruance, Raymond A., 226, 443, 444, 487, 588
Stabilization program. See Economic
stabilization program
Stage Door Canteen, 460
Stalin, Joseph: Allied invasion of France urged by, 408; ambitions in Manchuria, 575, 577; anger at British suspension of northern convoys, 237, 310, 327-328, 372; and the atomic bomb, 458; bargains with Hitler, 94; as a brilliant tactician, 551; and the British, 566; cables F.D.R. on Red Army’s new offensive, 483; calls for advance into the German heartland, 408; calls for a second front, 153, 187, 188, 229, 233, 242, 310-311, 313, 314, 315, 325, 327; character of, 92; and China, 407; on Churchill, 484, 587; Churchill presents sword of Stalingrad to, 410; Churchill tells of cancellation of Second Front, 236-238; coldly realistic on the Far East, 188; as commander in chief, 496; dissolves the Comintern, 367, 373; congratulates F.D.R. on his fourth election, 533; and Sir Stafford Cripps, 102; approves the Darlan deal, 298; discusses British politics with Churchill, 577; doubts about TORCH, 288; feels shut out of Anglo-American discussions, 399; impressed by France’s military weakness, 566; on the French, 408; on Germany, 408-409, 410, 412; and Greece, 537, 538, 583; on Hitler, 113, 409; and Indochina, 591, 592; invited by F.D.R. to meet but cables negative reply, 367, 368, 373; invited to Big Three meeting but refuses to attend, 314, 315; and the Jews, 577-578; knows German attack is possible, 95; learns of F.D.R.’s death, 601; letter to Churchill on lack of agreement on war and peace aims, 153; letter to F.D.R. on postponement of the second front, 371-372; makes himself chairman of the Council of the People’s Commissars, 95; May Day, 1944, order, 484; meetings with Churchill, 236-238, 537, 538, 539; meeting with de Gaulle, 566; meeting with Milovan Djilas, 484; meeting with Hopkins, 113-114; meeting with Matsuoka, 80, 81, 95; meeting with Mikolajczk, 534; Munich crisis as viewed by, 93; and the North African campaign, 327, 328, 330; pleads illness and refuses to leave Russia, 565; and Poland, 187, 372, 412, 413, 483, 534-537, 569, 570-573, 575-576, 583-584, 587; political strategy, 551-552; postwar designs, 238, 366; and postwar Soviet security, 551; proposes secret agreement with U.K., 187; reaction to the abandonment of ANVIL, 479; and realpolitik, 92-97; receives F.D.R.’s note of war plans agreed on at Casablanca Conference, 324; relations with Churchill, 310, 311, 412, 537, 567; relations with F.D.R., 201, 232, 313, 399, 412, 416, 484, 537, 566, 575, 585-587, 596, 603, 608; and the Russian winter offensive, 557-558; and the Russo-Japanese pact, 94-95; on Russian war aims, 229; and San Francisco Conference, 584; as seen by Hitler, 15, 68-69, 309; sense of humor, 189; and Soviet intervention in Asia, 575; speech to his people on the German invasion, 97; suspicions of the West, 371, 539, 585-587; at Teheran Conference, 389, 406-413; telegraphs F.D.R. on Italian landings, 394; tries to appease Germany, 95; and the U.N., 566, 584, 587; and unconditional surrender, 546; views October 1942 as most critical month of the war, 283; waits for the second front, 446; withdraws agreement to meet with Roosevelt in Fairbanks, 400; and Yalta Conference, 558, 565-580, 583, 591. See also Russia
Stalin, Svetlana (daughter of Joseph Stalin), 238
Stalingrad, 228, 237, 282-283, 284, 291, 308, 309, 310, 311, 329, 330, 410
Standard Oil Company, 251, 344
Stark, Harold (“Betty”), 85, 86, 89, 103-104, 105, 109, 110, 156, 161, 163, 183, 223, 296, 494
Stassen, Harold, 499, 526, 583, 607
State, Department of, 134, 286, 287, 319, 323, 352, 380, 381, 384, 396, 427, 429, 441, 451, 452, 462, 515, 520, 538, 551, 559, 565, 584
Steel, 52
Steelman, John R., 196
Steinbeck, John, 271
Steinhardt, Laurence, 112, 113
Stettin, 565
Stettinius, Edward R., 51, 52, 442, 517, 552, 560, 561, 564, 565, 567, 568, 573, 589, 592
Stevenson, Adlai, 131
Stewart, Irvin, 346
Stilwell, Joseph (“Vinegar Joe”), 242, 375-376, 377, 378, 404, 414, 415, 445, 485, 541, 542, 543-544, 588
Stimson, Henry L., 104, 243, 343; accuses
Senator Wheeler of near-treason, 120; and aid to Russia, 114, 115; appointment of, as Secretary of War, 38, 39, 350, 513; asked to report on use of colleges for war purposes, 464; and atomic project, 456, 459, 550, 558, 591; and Byrnes, 364; as Cabinet member throughout F.D.R.’s tenure, 494; and Madame Chiang Kai-shek, 376; consulted by F.D.R. on defense and postwar research, 251, 465; diary of, 60, 157, 351, 451; disapproves of appointment of Justice Douglas as defense chief, 194; on discrimination in the Army, 265, 266, 471-472; extolled by F.D.R. for internationalism, 526; favors centralization of control over defense supply, 53; favors stalling the Japanese, 150; eulogy of F.D.R., 611; favors national-service law, 432, 433; as head of Office of Production Management, 51, 52; influence on F.D.R., 23, 57-58; as an internationalist, 40, 526; on internment of Japanese-Americans, 215, 216, 463; and La Guardia’s commission, 491-492; and MacArthur, 157, 176, 207, 208; meets with Churchill in London, 389, 392; and new weapon development, 343, 344, 345-346; opinion of Hopkins, 60; opposed to seizure of striking nondefense industry, 454; ordered by F.D.R. to draft striking miners, 337; ordered by F.D.R. to guard defense plants, 163; ordered by F.D.R. to seize and operate striking railroads, 338; ordered by F.D.R. to seize Montgomery Ward plant, 455; at Pentagon meeting re Portugal, 352; persuades F.D.R. to support U.S. shelters for refugee Jews, 442; pleads for drafting women into the Army, 461; presses for cross-channel assault, 229-230, 235, 236, 392, 393, 545; presses for stepped-up aid to Britain, 25, 38, 45, 48, 65, 66, 89, 91, 101, 103, 180; report of, at first Cabinet meeting in 1945, 560; on F.D.R. as administrator, 351-352, 451; as F.D.R.’s “assistant president,” 452; Secretary of War, 23; sees fight against Nazism as battle with moral purpose, vii, 272; silences criticism by Hershey on demobilization, 528; skeptical of feasibility of TORCH, 287; supports Stilwell plan, 376, 377; on treatment of Germany after surrender, 519-520, 521; supports plan to establish base in Australia, 204; telephones F.D.R. about Japanese troop movements, 156; threatens to resign, 182; tries to persuade Morgenthau of value of Darlan deal, 296, 297; urges declaration of war against Germany as well as against Japan, 164; urges F.D.R. to concentrate on business side of munitions making, 193; urges F.D.R. to exert leadership, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 99, 109, 133, 151, 392, 393; warned of Japan’s propaganda effort in the Philippines, 379; welcomes F.D.R. in Washington after fourth-term election victory, 532
Stone, Donald, 452
Straight, Michael, 360
Strassman, Fritz, 249
Strikes: Allis-Chalmers plant, 56; law toprevent striking proposed by F.D.R., 424; miners’, 117, 194, 195, 335, 336-337; at one-third of prewar level in 1944, 465; racial, 462; F.D.R. discusses with Dos Passos, 468; threatened railroad, 338; wildcat strike at Los Angeles plants of North American Aviation Co., 117. See also Labor; Unions
Strout, Richard, 165
Submarine warfare: American submarines, 87; German U-boats, 10, 12, 65, 69, 72, 89, 91, 106, 147, 243-245, 255, 288, 308, 309, 327, 346, 368
Subversive activities, 594. See also Communism, in the U.S.; Saboteurs; Sedition trials
Suckley, Margaret, 254, 599, 600
Sugiyama, Hajime, 137-138, 154
Sukarno, Achmed, 218
Sullivan, Mark, 201
Supply Priorities and Allocations Board
Supreme Court, appointment of Chief Justice, 122
Surigao Strait, 540
Suzuki, Teiichi, 154
Sweden, 308
Switzerland, 109, 585, 587, 596
Swope, Herbert Bayard, 299
Sword Beach, 474
Synthetic-rubber program, 258
Syracuse, 393
Taber, John, 37
Tacoma, Wash., 269
Taft, Robert A., 37, 47, 49, 111, 132, 142, 216, 275, 426, 429, 430, 528
Taft, William Howard, 39
Taiwan, 404
Tanks, production of, 268
Taranto, 394
Tarawa, 443
Tardini, Monsignor Domenico, 152
Tass, 95
Taxation: Congressional apathy re, 257, 259, 260, 262, 363, 364, 433, 437, 510; excess-profits tax, 121, 256-257, 262, 307; excise tax, 262; graduated income tax, 257; Morgenthau feuds with Byrnes over, 363-364, 561; pay-as-you-go income tax, 363; personal income tax, 121, 257, 262, 363; to prevent inflation, 256; reduction of personal exemptions, 257, 262; retail sales tax, 257; tax reform, 121, 257, 560; voluntary vs. compulsory savings policy, 257. See also Social Security
Taylor, George W., 264
Taylor, Maxwell, 393
Taylor, Wayne, 455
Teamsters Union, 521
Tedder, Arthur W., 319
Teheran Conference, 389, 400, 401, 405, 406-414, 415, 427, 429, 439, 458, 478, 479, 569, 574, 608, 611
Teller, Edward, 250
Tennessee, U.S.S., 162
Tennessee Valley Authority, 119, 301, 431-432, 510, 528
Thailand, 20, 135, 158, 160, 175, 201, 218
Third Army (U.S.), 482
Third Fleet (U.S.), 540
36th Division, U.S. Army, 438
This Is Your War (Childs), 273
Thomas, Elbert, 532
Thomas, Norman, 46, 62, 66, 358, 604
Thompson, Malvina, 59
Three-Power Pact. See Tripartite Pact
Thurber, James, 272
Tientsin, 203
Tigris River, 406
Tilsit, 314
Time for Decision, The (Wells), 515
Time for Greatness, A (Agar), 272
Tirpitz (German warship), 327
Tito, Marshal, 484
“T.N.T.” See Dilling, Elizabeth
Tobin, Daniel J., 521
Togo, Heihachiro, 225
Togo, Shigenori, 147, 154, 158
Tojo, Hideki, 18-19, 135, 146, 154, 158, 217, 379, 496
Tokyo: bombing of, 224, 445, 486, 558, 588, 599; celebration of the founding of the Japanese Empire, 18-19
Tolan Committee (House), 332
TORCH, 285-292, 300, 308, 310-312, 315, 382
Torpedo Boat (film), 271
Toulon, 65, 294, 297, 298, 309
Toyoda, Teijiro, 109, 110, 135, 144, 486
Trade Agreements Act, 594
Trade liberalization, 129
Trade unions. See Labor; Unions Treasury, Department of the, 352, 363, 364, 396, 433, 434
Trier, 582
Trieste, 586
Tripartite Pact, 16, 20-21, 68, 69, 71, 78, 79, 81, 144, 156
Trotsky, Leon, 92
True, James. 453
Truman, Harry S, 111, 118-119, 427, 504, 505, 506, 509, 525, 532, 562, 581, 595, 602, 605, 612
Truman Committee, investigates defense production, 118-119, 193, 339
Tsukada, Japanese Army Vice Chief of Staff, 154
Tsushima, Battle of, 225
“Tube Alloys” (English code name for atomic project), 251
Tule Lake concentration camp, 267, 421, 464, 466
Tully, Grace, 8, 60, 122, 125, 163, 164, 199, 200, 201, 253, 254, 255, 292, 299, 432, 447, 448, 450, 456, 475, 530, 594, 600
Tunis, 297, 298, 326, 329, 330, 403, 416
Tunisia, 179, 180, 285, 289, 294, 295, 298, 309, 311, 313, 314, 319, 325, 326, 328, 329, 330, 337, 382, 403
Turkey, 16, 17, 71, 73, 74, 77, 309, 311, 315, 365, 369, 395, 407, 408, 412, 414
Turkish straits, 68
Tuskegee Institute, 463
Twentieth Air Force (U.S.), 558
Twentieth Century-Fox, 272
U-boats. See Submarine warfare
Ukraine, 69, 143, 151, 233, 308, 413, 567, 571
Unconditional surrender, 323, 384, 385, 393, 397, 409, 422, 440-441, 478, 495, 546, 548-549, 559, 582
Unified command problem, 181-183
Unions, 54, 55, 454-455, 465. See also AFL-CIO; Amalgamated Clothing Workers; Auto Workers; Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; Labor; Strikes; United Mine Workers
United Kingdom. See Great Britain
United Mine Workers, 52, 196, 341
United Nations: American public opinion infavor of, 559; beginnings of, 515; charter, 583; Executive Council, 526, 608; peacekeeping issue, 513, 526; planning for, 429; F.D.R. announces formation of, 582; F.D.R. attempts to promote the establishment of, 427-429, 547-548, 560, 565, 566, 604, 611; F.D.R.’s 1944 election victory as referendum for support of, 533; and Russia, 572; Russia requests sixteen votes in Assembly, 517, 567; Russia wins two extra votes in Assembly, 567-568, 584; stabilization fund, 514; trusteeships, 592; unanimity problem discussed at Yalta, 567; U.S. requests and receives two extra Assembly votes, 568, 584; the veto, 517, 537, 587
“United Nations” chosen as term to replace
“Associated Powers,” 184
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration (UNRRA), 429, 513
United States. For relations with othernations see names of specific countries
United States Employment Service, 264-265
United States Medical Hospital, Bethesda, Md., 448
U.S. War Aims (Lippmann), 516
University of Chicago, 251
University of Virginia, 251
Urban League, 123
Urban riots, 466
Urey, Harold C, 251
Uvalde, Tex., 270
V-12 program, 464
Vagts, Alfred, 548
Vallandigham, Clement L., 216
Valley Forge, 212
Vance, Ethel, 272
Vandenberg, Arthur H., 37, 47, 332, 361, 426, 429, 500, 583
Vanderbilt Mansion, 199-200
Van Loon, Henrik, 9
Vargas, Getulió, President of Brazil, 57, 324
Vera Cruz expedition, 205
Veterans, postwar education and training of. See GI Bill of Rights
Vichy France: appeasement of, 296; break with London, 11; breaks diplomatic relations with U.S., 293; British policy to, 65; and cease-fire in Algiers, 294; defeated by British in Syria, 77; defection to Hitler, 12-13; and Indochina, 20, 106, 109; Navy of, 13, 65, 285, 294, 296-297, 298, 309, 481; occupied by Germany, 295; power in North Africa, 285; relations with Germany, 10, 14, 64-65, 69; F.D.R. searches for an American ambassador to, 24; F.D.R.’s policy toward, 286-287; suspicious of British imperialistic aims, 290. See also Algiers; Darlan, Jean-François; Laval, Pierre; Morocco; North Africa; Pétain, Henri; TORCH
Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy, 383, 384
Victor Hugo (Josephson), 272
Victory ships. See Shipping
Vienna, 479, 480, 519, 585, 586
Vincent, Stenio, President of Haiti, 57
Vinnitsa, 282
Vinson, Fred M„ 340, 354, 363, 364, 434
Virginia Capes, 86
Vishinsky, Andrei, 565
Vladivostok, 103, 135, 149, 153, 224, 574
Vogelkop, 486
Volga River, 282, 283, 308, 310
Voroshilov, Kliment Y., 407
WAAF’s, 460
WAC’s, 460
Wage and Hour and Public Contracts
Division, 460
Wage control, 259-260, 307, 335, 362, 363. See also Taxation
Wagner, Robert F., 40, 525, 532
Waikiki, 488
Wainwright, Jonathan M., 226
Wake, U.S.S., 203
Wake Island, 164, 165, 172, 175, 201, 202 222 223
Wake island (film), 271 Wales, 358
Walker, Frank, 40, 65, 503, 504, 505, 506
Wallace, Henry A., 22, 40, 91, 251, 256, 258, 301, 341, 342, 357, 359, 433, 434, 436, 503, 504, 505, 506, 532, 542, 561, 593
Wallace committee on tax policy, 256, 257
Wallonia, proposed new state, 365
Walsh, David I., 40
Wang Ching-wei, 82
War, Department of, 25, 180, 207, 216, 246, 247, 265, 266, 344, 346, 397, 454, 455, 456, 462, 491, 551
War aims, 128, 129; statement of, 132
War Cabinet. See Cabinet War crimes, commission to investigate, 395
War effort, in the U.S. See Production War Industries Board (World War I), 339
War Labor Board (WLB), 197, 259, 263, 274, 336, 337, 350, 454, 465
War Manpower Commission, 263, 265, 334, 344, 432, 461
War Mobilization Committee, 451-452 War Plans Division (U.S. Army), 229
War Production Board (WPB), 191, 246, 258, 259, 264, 339, 432; Labor
Production Division, 263
War Relocation Authority (WRA), 266, 267, 464
Warm Springs, G., 5, 463, 552, 594, 595, 596, 599, 602, 603, 606
Warm Springs Foundation, 601
Warsaw, 536, 565; uprising in, 534-535
Warsaw Poles. See Polish Committee of National Liberation
Washington D.C., at war, 459-460, 469-470
“Washington Merry-Go-Round” (Drew
Pearson’s column), 398
Washington Times Herald, 212
Wasp, U.S.S., 284
Watson, Edwin (“Pa”), 9, 22, 56, 58, 61, 63, 98, 121, 163, 250, 341, 402, 405, 406, 451, 475, 503, 530, 579-580
Watts, Los Angeles, 388
Wave of the Future, The (Lindbergh), 66
Wavell, Archibald, 74, 75, 76, 78, 182, 186, 203, 205, 221
Ways and Means Committee (House), 121, 257, 433
Weapons, invention of new, 345-347
Webster, Milton, 264
Wedemeyer, Albert C, 588, 589, 591
Welfare services, expansion of, 355
Welles, Sumner, 80, 94, 102, 109, 129, 136, 158, 179, 221, 222, 241, 265, 307, 350, 359, 364, 366, 400, 515
West Indies, 451
West Virginia, U.S.S., 162
Wheeler, Burton K., 44, 47, 114, 120, 426, 583
White, Harry Dexter, 514
White, Theodore, 381
White, William Allen, 41, 331, 332
White, William S., 605
White House, the: as home and office of F.D.R., 61; as a military command post, 198; as a mirror of F.D.R’.s personality, 58-59; seclusion of, 468; security precautions, 173; simplicity and grace of, 58; in wartime, 173
White House Correspondents’ Association dinners, 50-51, 437, 594-595
White Russia, 567
“Why We Fight” (film series), 471
Wickard, Claude, 39
Wilhelina, Queen of the Netherlands, 253, 300, 592, 593
Willkie, Wendell L.: address of, at New York Herald Tribune Forum, 296; advocates offensive tactics by the Navy, 222; attacked by Barkley, 435; attacks conservative Republicans, 499; and attempt to unseat Fish, 275, 279; author of One World, 358, 512; champion of civil rights, 275, 499, 512; Madame Chiang’s opinion of, 377; and Churchill, 43, 274, 573; and congressional Republicans, 275, 499, 510, 512, 513; considered for committee to study defense organization, 194; considered for post of director of manpower, 274; critic of the administration, 51, 222, 274-275, 358, 434, 437, 499, 512-513; death of, 513, 573; demands that MacArthur be brought back to unify defense effort, 274; effigy of, hanged, 48; endorses Lend-Lease, 48-49; foe of imperialism, 275, 358, 379; former supporters of, back liberal Democrats, 280; founder of Freedom House, 275; leader of the Republican party, 38, 274, 276, 279, 358; loses election, 38; loses party support, 499, 510, 511; meetings with F.D.R., 43, 275, 280, 512; member of Thomas Jefferson Memorial Commission, 356; in Moscow, 283; not informed of plans for North Africa, 283; not offered job as production chief, 274; offered job as arbitrator under the War Labor Board, 274; and party realignment plan, 275-276, 280, 511-512, 513; persuades Republican National Committee to take an international position, 275; relations with F.D.R., 43, 48-49, 60-61, 274-276, 279-280, 500, 511-513, 604; Republican nominee for governor of New York, 275; Republican presidential candidate in 1940, 5, 33, 499, 502, 528; as F.D.R.’s personal representative, 276; strong advocate of postwar international organization, 275, 358, 361, 427, 428, 499, 510, 512; supported by John L. Lewis, 52; trip around the world, 275-276, 279, 358, 499; unsuccessfully seeks 1944 Republican presidential nomination, 499-500; urges F.D.R. to send wheat to Turkey, 279; urges a second front, 275, 279, 283; visit to England after election campaign, 43, 48; warns that F.D.R.’s third term will bring war, 6, 49 Willow Run bomber plant, 268 Wilson, Charles. See Moran, Lord Wilson, Henry Maitland, 479, 519
Wilson, Woodrow, viii, 4, 50, 130, 174, 197, 274, 281, 343, 357, 359, 361, 386, 426, 427, 428, 435, 534, 550, 604, 605, 607, 608
Wilson, Mrs. Woodrow, 356
Wilson (film), 515
Winant, John G., 73, 163, 234, 238, 504, 537, 561, 579
Winchell, Walter, 201, 212, 431
Windsor, Duke and Duchess of, 24 Wisconsin primary, 1944, 499, 510
Wolfsschanze headquarters, 496
Women: draft of, into Army, suggested, 461; education of, 464; employment of, 262-263, 334, 355, 460, 461, 462; health aid to, 355; Eleanor Roosevelt as spokesman for, 59; in the services, 262, 460, 469; tendency to vote Democratic, 524
Women’s Neutrality League, 48
Wood, Kingsley, 11
Wood, Robert E., 500
“Work or fight” bill. See National-service law
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 301, 430
World Court, 359
World-security organization. See United Nations
World War I, 11, 14, 24, 26, 42, 51, 76, 88, 131, 143, 174, 176, 181, 187, 205, 214, 231, 244, 306, 312, 365, 459, 491
Yale University, 189
Yalta Conference, 373, 558, 559, 564-580, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 588, 590, 591, 592, 608
Yamamoto, Isoroku, 159, 225, 226
Yamato (Japanese dreadnought), 225
Yangtze River, 81
“Ying Wo” (Eagle’s Nest) (home of
Chiang Kai-shek), 82
Yoshida, Zengo, 19
Youth cult, 461
Yugoslavia, 57, 71-72, 74, 76, 80, 88, 94, 185, 253, 272, 395, 408, 484, 537
Yunnan, 544
Yusupov Palace, 568
Zaharoff, Basil, 200
Zeman, Z. A. B., 386
Zhukov, Georgi, 496
Zuikaki (Japanese carrier), 225
Zurich, 585