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AFL-CIO
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 184
Agnew, Spiro T., 5, 13–14, 33, 44–45, 72, 77–78, 79, 81
American Legion: Ford speech to, 231–32
arms limitations agreement
Soviet-U.S., 40, 58, 101, 102, 103, 104, 120, 188–93
See also Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
assassinations
and attempts on Ford, 195, 198–209
congressional hearings about, 205–7
Ford views about, 208
public reactions to, 3–4, 208–9
Secret Service prevention of, 207
and security changes, 208–9
AZORIAN project, 108–11, 118–23
Becker, Benton L., 36–39, 42, 45, 46
Berger, Warren, 271
Biden, Joe, 163
Brezhnev, Leonid, 100–104, 120, 182, 183, 187, 191, 234, 264
Broder, David, 127
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 190
Buchanan, Pat, 24
Buchen, Phil, 22, 36–37, 40, 42, 54, 113, 119, 122, 183
Buckley, Jim, 250
Bundy, McGeorge, 153
Burdick v. United States (1915), 46
Burger, Warren, 10
Burns, Arthur, 65
Bush, George H.W., 80, 138, 214, 223, 250, 262
Bush, George W., 268
Butterfield, Fox, 95
Butz, Earl, 33
Cabinet, Ford
and coordination of foreign affairs personnel, 178
elections of 1976 and, 245, 255–56
Ford’s first meeting with, 30–33
and Ford’s views about Nixon, 31
offers to Reagan of position in, 125, 135–57, 227, 228–29
and portraits in Cabinet Room, 30
and selection of Ford’s VP, 32
USS Gerald R. Ford christening and, 267
See also specific person
Callaway, Bo, 220–21
Cambodia: and Mayaguez crisis, 167–77
Cannon, Lou, 7
Captive Nations Week, 260
Carter, Jimmy
elections of 1976 and, 245–46, 247, 252, 254–63, 273
elections of 1980 and, 180
and Ford-Carter transition, 264
and foreign affairs, 180, 236, 256
and Nixon pardon, 44
Playboy interview of, 261–62
Cavaney, Red, 202–3
Chazhma (Soviet ship), 110
Cheney, Dick
appointed Ford Chief of Staff, 224
and Bush (George W.) administration, 268
elections of 1976 and, 221, 235, 242, 243, 251, 256–57, 261, 262
and “Halloween Massacre,” 213, 218, 221, 222–23, 224
and Rockefeller, 218
and Rumsfeld-Cheney memo, 213, 222–23
Rumsfeld relationship with, 52
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 183–84
and USS Gerald R. Ford christening, 267
WIN campaign and, 74
Chicago Daily News, 19
Chicago Tribune, 249
China
elections of 1976 and, 235
Korean War and, 99
normalizing of U.S. relations with, 12
The Christian Science Monitor, 182
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
allegations against, 111–17
congressional investigation of, 123
and coordination of foreign affairs personnel, 178
and Glomar Explorer, 107–8, 109, 111, 118–23
“Halloween Massacre” and, 223
and intermediary for national security issues, 150
Kennedy assassination and, 122–23
Rockefeller Commission on, 116–17, 122
and Vietnam War, 115
Citizens’ Action Committee to Fight Inflation, 67
Civil Rights Act, 271
coat, Ford’s: as gift to Brezhnev, 104
Colby, Bill
and allegations against CIA, 111–12, 114–15
Ford meeting with, 114–15
and Glomar Explorer, 118, 120, 121
“Halloween Massacre” and, 223
and Mayaguez crisis, 170, 172, 174
Cold War
and challenges facing Ford, 8
and Ford Doctrine, 180–81
Ford leadership and, 273
and Ford visit to Japan and Korea, 89, 99
and Glomar Explorer, 108, 109, 123
Helsinki Accords and, 188
and Japan-U.S. relations, 105
Commerce Department, U.S.: and Reagan job offer, 125, 134–37
Conference on Security and Cooperation (CSCE), 120, 187. See also Helsinki Accords
Congress, U.S.
and CIA/intelligence community, 114, 115, 116, 123
and Defense budget, 237
and economy, 61–62, 64–65, 67–68, 73–74
elections of 1974 and, 72
Ford relationship with, 177
Ford speeches before, 61–62, 64–65, 67–68, 73–74, 147, 164–65
Ford testifying before, 58
and foreign affairs, 119, 164–65, 172, 177, 190, 232, 238, 257, 260
and Glomar Explorer, 119
hearings about presidential assassinations in, 205–7
and Nixon pardon, 43, 44, 47–48
and Panama Canal, 238
presidential succession and, 80
and Rockefeller as VP, 85–86
and Rockefeller energy proposal, 219
SALT and, 190
and selection of VP, 80
Solzhenitsyn visit and, 185
and Soviet-U.S. relations, 232
and Vietnam War, 141, 146–49, 153, 154, 155–58, 159, 163–64
and War Powers Act, 177
See also specific person or committee
Connally, John, 13–14, 56, 81, 207–8, 221, 224, 249
Connecticut: Ford car accident in, 210–11
conservatives
elections of 1976 and, 220, 221, 232, 248, 249
emergence of Republican, 127
and Ford (Betty), 196
Kissinger and, 232
Nixon and, 232
and Panama Canal, 238
Reagan and, 127, 128, 130, 132, 133, 180, 220, 232
Rockefeller and, 84–85, 217, 220, 221
and Soviet-U.S. relations, 232
Cost of Living Council, 60
Council of Economic Advisors, 60, 62
cruise missiles, 189–90
Cuba, 191–92
Cuban Missile Crisis, 116, 118
Defense Department, U.S.
and coordination of foreign affairs personnel, 174, 178
elections of 1976 and, 234, 237, 256, 257
and “Halloween Massacre,” 217, 223–24
and Kissinger-Rumsfeld relationship, 224, 262
Rumsfeld as Bush Secretary of, 268
Rumsfeld as Ford Secretary of, 224, 234, 237
and Schlesinger-Ford relationship, 152
and Schlesinger-Kissinger relationship, 217
Democratic Party
elections of 1974 and, 72
and Rockefeller as VP, 85
See also specific person
Dent, Fred, 134
Dillon, C. Douglas, 116
Dole, Bob, 252
domestic affairs, 215, 216, 217–18, 255
Duong Van Minh, 161
Eagleburger, Lawrence, 151, 241
East Asia trip
Ford trip to, 89–106
and media, 92, 93, 95–96, 102, 104, 105
See also specific nation
Economic Stabilization Project, 52, 144
economy
and challenges facing Ford, 58, 141
and Congress, 61–62, 64–65, 67–68, 73–74
elections of 1974 and, 70–72
elections of 1976 and, 241–42, 263
and Ford accomplishments, 222, 273
and Ford approval rating, 178, 216
and Ford foreign trips, 90, 92
Ford speeches about, 61–62, 63–68, 73–74
Laffer views about, 74–75
“Misery Index” for, 60
in 1980s, 75
“summit conference” about, 62, 63
and volunteerism, 64, 66–67, 69, 70
and VP responsibilities, 77
WIN program and, 63–65, 66–69, 74, 77
See also employment; inflation; specific person
Ehrlichman, John, 6, 28, 29, 113
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 30, 51, 82, 97, 132, 153, 163–64, 180
elections of 1960, 82
elections of 1968, 78–79, 136, 138
elections of 1972, 1, 31, 84, 129, 137, 138, 149
elections of 1976
Carter-Ford campaign during, 254–63
Carter-Ford debates during, 256, 257, 258–61, 262
comparison between Ford and Reagan in, 226, 227, 236–38
Ford acceptance of nomination for, 252–53
Ford announcement of candidacy for, 224, 227
Ford as possible candidate for, 126, 127–29, 130, 133, 137, 138
Ford campaign organization for, 127–29, 138, 178, 220–21, 254
and Ford choice for VP, 217–22, 236, 249–50, 252
Ford concession speech for, 263
and Ford job offers to Reagan, 125–27, 134–37, 227, 228–29
Ford objectives/strategy for, 221, 227–28, 245–46
and Ford personality/style, 137, 273
and media, 130, 225–26, 227, 228–29, 235, 241, 247, 248, 251, 258, 259, 261
Reagan announcement of entry into, 224, 227
and Reagan choice for VP, 248, 249
Reagan-Ford primary campaign for, 225–43
and Reagan pre-primary activities, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130–31, 132–34, 137–38, 141, 220, 221, 223
and Republican National Convention, 243, 246–54
Republican primaries for, 225–43, 273
and Rockefeller as VP, 81, 85, 127, 130, 132, 138, 217, 220–22, 223, 231
See also specific person or issue
elections of 1980, 180
elevator accident, Ford’s, 202
Ellsworth, Bob, 224
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), 196
Evening Star (Washington), 107–8
Far East trip, Ford’s, 89–106. See also specific nation
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), 5–6, 78, 80, 112
Ford, Betty
accomplishments of, 272
and attempted assassinations of Ford, 204
and Ford concession speech, 263
Ford relationship with, 62, 271
and Nixon resignation, 10
and organization of White House staff, 52–53
personality/style of, 196–97, 204, 246, 271–72
and Reagan-Ford Palm Springs meeting, 137
and Republican National Convention (1976), 246, 250
and San Francisco trip, 204
on 60 Minutes, 196
Ford, Gerald R.
as “accidental President,” 270
accomplishments/successes of, 75, 216, 222, 257, 267–68, 269–71
as Agnew replacement, 13–14, 56
approval ratings for, 34, 47, 178, 216–17
challenges facing, 58, 141, 214, 222, 267
Christian faith of, 10, 43, 201
as family man, 272
image/reputation of, 93, 95, 102, 153, 154
Mayaguez crisis as turning point for, 178
memoir of, 9, 19, 68, 96, 164, 168, 185, 233, 264
Nixon compared with, 23–24, 51, 102, 104
Nixon relationship with, 31–32, 40–41, 43, 48, 129–30
and Nixon resignation, 3, 8, 10–11
personal and professional background of, 13, 30, 89, 144–45, 231, 269, 270
philosophy of life and politics of, 264–65
post-presidential life of, 268–69
Rumsfeld post-presidential visit with, 268–69
Rumsfeld relationship with, 21–22, 48–49, 239, 242, 268–69
swearing in of, 5, 10, 15, 18, 19–20, 22, 33, 271
underestimation/weakness of, 10, 12, 14
views about presidency of, 141–42, 252–53, 271
See also specific person or topic
Ford, Jack (son), 264–65, 267, 272
Ford, Susan (daughter), 267, 272
Ford Doctrine, 180–81
foreign affairs
and bipartisanship, 128
and challenges facing Ford, 58
and Congress, 119, 164–65, 172, 177, 190, 232, 238, 257, 260
coordination among personnel involved in, 174, 178
elections of 1976 and, 146–47, 230–33, 234–35, 236–38, 241, 246, 251–52, 255, 256, 257–61, 263
and Ford approval rating, 216
and Ford as world leader, 179
and Ford Doctrine, 180–81
and Ford East Asia trip, 89–106
Ford personality/style and, 92–93, 96–97, 102, 105–6, 238
and Kissinger-Ford relationship, 12, 268
and Nixon, 12, 147, 179–80, 232
U.S. role in, 180–81
White House staff tensions and, 27
See also specific person, nation or topic
Franklin National Bank: collapse of, 63
French acrobat stunt, 14–15
Friedersdorf, Max, 176
Friedman, Milton, 160
Fromme, Lynette Alice “Squeaky,” 198–200, 201, 202, 206–7
full disclosure: Ford views about, 119
Future Farmers of America (FFA): Ford speech to, 64
Gaddis, John Lewis, 188
Gannon, Frank, 153
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 94
General Services Administration (GSA), 55
Georgine, Bob, 202
Gergen, David, 254
“give me hell”: Ford instruction about, 24
Glomar Explorer (Soviet submarine), 107–11, 118–23
Glomar Marine Development Company, 108–9
Goldberg, Arthur, 85
Goldwater, Barry, 1–2, 79, 82, 128, 132, 205–6
Goldwin, Robert “Bob,” 29, 31, 66
Goodell, Leona, 21
Graham, Billy, 79
Grant, Cary, 246
Greek emigrant story, 19
Haig, Alexander
as Ford Chief of Staff, 27, 28
Ford relationship with, 28, 56
Hartmann relationship with, 50, 56
and locked safe, 53–54
as Nixon Chief of Staff, 12, 37, 55–56
and Nixon-Ford transition, 28
and Nixon pardon, 35, 37, 42, 46, 47, 50, 55–57
personal and professional background of, 27–28
Rumsfeld as replacement for, 49–52, 53–54
Rumsfeld conversation with, 56–57
and selection of Ford VP, 32
“Hail to the Chief”: Ford views about, 23–24
Haldeman, H. R. “Bob,” 6, 27, 28, 29, 31, 51, 53–54, 113
“Halloween Massacre,” 213–24
Hartford, Connecticut: car accident in, 210–11
Hartmann, Robert “Bob”
Ford relationship with, 62, 65
as Ford speechwriter, 19, 26, 65–66
Haig relationship with, 50, 56
and Kissinger, 197
Nessen relationship with, 65–66
and Nixon pardon, 42
and Reagan shadow, 130–31
Solzhenitsyn visit and, 182
and structure and organization for White House staff, 69
Heffner, Richard, 148
Helms, Jesse A., 84, 181–82, 236
Helsinki Accords, 120, 185, 186, 187–88, 233, 234, 258
Hersh, Seymour, 121
Hirohito (Emperor of Japan), 89, 93, 94, 96
House Appropriations Committee, 61, 223
human rights, 99, 181, 185, 188–89, 191, 233
Hungary: Soviet invasion of, 163–64
inflatable elephant incident, 246–47
inflation, 5, 59–64, 67, 69, 70, 73, 75, 273
intelligence community, 141, 174, 197, 223. See also CIA; FBI; National Security Council
Israel, 181
Jackson, Henry “Scoop,” 156–57
Japan
Ford wardrobe malfunction in, 92–93
media coverage in, 92, 93, 95–96
Nixon visit to, 92
Jaworski, Leon, 27, 39, 40, 44
Johnson, Lyndon B. “LBJ”
and Asian foreign policy, 147
bowing out of, 224
and Glomar Explorer, 108
“war on poverty” of, 64
and Warren Commission, 122
Joint Economic Committee (U.S. Congress), 61–62
Justice Department, U.S., 112, 113, 115
K-129 (Soviet submarine). See Glomar Explorer
Keiser, Richard, 195
Kennedy, Edward “Ted,” 44
Kennedy, John F. “JFK”
assassination of, 3–4, 6, 13, 26, 122–23, 196, 198–99
LBJ relationship with, 83
“thousand days” of, 272–73
and Vietnam War, 153
and Warren Commission, 122
Kennerly, David Hume, 44, 54, 94–95, 152, 154, 202
Khmer Rouge, 149, 158, 169, 172, 173, 176, 177
King, Martin Luther Jr., 4
Kirkland, Lane, 116
Kissinger, Henry
elections of 1976 and, 231, 236, 237–38, 239–40, 241, 246, 251–52
and Ford foreign trips, 96, 99, 101–2, 103, 182
Ford relationship with, 9–10, 11–12, 152, 162, 181, 217, 231, 268
and Glomar Explorer, 108, 119, 120, 121
and “Halloween Massacre,” 215, 217, 223, 224
and Hartmann, 197
Helms criticism of, 181–82
and Helsinki Accords, 187
and Mayaguez crisis, 170–71, 174, 175, 176
and media, 150, 151, 160–61, 197
named Ford National Security Advisor and Secretary of State, 11–12, 27
“neither confirm or deny” approach of, 120, 121
personal and professional background of, 8–9
and Reagan, 225, 231, 236, 237–38, 239, 240, 241, 251
“resignations” of, 152, 225, 240, 251–52, 262
responsibilities of, 83–84, 150
and Rockefeller, 9, 83–84, 217
and SALT, 182, 189–90, 191–92, 235, 256
and Schlesinger, 152, 161–63, 217
secret agreements of, 251
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 182, 184, 186
and Soviet-U.S. relations, 101–2, 103, 109, 133, 182, 184, 191–92, 232, 239–40
and USS Gerald R. Ford christening, 267, 268
See also specific topic
Kissinger, Henry—and Nixon
and NATO visit, 7
and Nixon-Ford transition, 24–25, 28
and Nixon post-presidency activities, 130
and Nixon resignation, 9–10
as Nixon Secretary of State, 9
and Nixon White House culture, 28
relationship between, 7, 8, 9–10, 12–13, 29
Laffer, Arthur, 74–75
Laird, Melvin “Mel,” 13, 46, 177, 185, 196, 250
Lemnitzer, Lyman, 116
Liberty (dog): as gift to Ford, 54
locked safe: in White House, 53–54
Lord, Winston, 151
Los Angeles Times, 26, 74, 107, 118
Lukash, Francis, 202
Mahon, George, 223
Mansfield, Mike, 61
Marsh, Jack, 22, 26–27, 28, 42, 113, 114, 120, 122, 130, 176, 182
MATADOR operation, 118
Mayaguez (ship) crisis, 167–77, 178, 179
McCloskey, Pete, 149
McCracken, Paul, 65
McGovern, George, 206
media
and attempted assassinations/threats of Ford, 200–201, 203, 205, 206–7
CIA wiretapping of, 112
and Congress-Ford relationship, 177
and Ford as world leader, 179
Ford relations with, 33, 40, 117, 118, 150–51, 159–60, 227
and “neither confirm or deny” approach, 120–21
and Nixon’s post-presidential staff, 54–55
Rumsfeld and, 118
See also specific person, topic, or organization
Meese, Ed, 248
Meet the Press (NBC-TV), 136
Merchant, Jack, 204
Mexico: Ford trip to, 90
Michigan
1976 primary elections in, 243
See also University of Michigan
Miller, George, 158
Miller, Herbert J., 36–37
Mitchell, John, 113
Morton, Rogers, 22
Moyers, Bill, 83
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 147, 250
Murtha, John, 149
Mutual Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR), 152
National Review, 84
national security
leaks concerning, 112–13
See also National Security Council; specific person or topic
National Security Council (NSC)
and coordination of foreign affairs personnel, 178
elections of 1976 and, 235
inaccurate information from, 151
Kissinger role in, 150, 151–52
and Mayaguez crisis, 169, 171, 172–73, 174, 175, 177
and media, 150–51
and Nixon administration, 27–28, 150, 151–52
responsibilities of, 150
and Rockefeller-Kissinger relationship, 217
SALT and, 239
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 182–83
and Southeast Asia, 144
and Vietnam War, 142, 150, 152–53, 157
See also specific person
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
Nixon visit to, 7
Rumsfeld as ambassador to, 7, 20–22, 42, 47, 49
NBC: Ford-Brokaw interview on, 233
“neither confirm or deny” approach, 120–21
Nessen, Ron
and attempted assassination of Ford, 205
Ford trips and, 93, 102, 103, 104, 202
and inaccurate information, 151
and Kissinger role in Ford speeches, 160
Rockefeller Commission and, 117
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 185
and Vietnam War, 157, 160, 161
New Hampshire: 1976 primary in, 225–26, 227, 228, 230, 233–34
New York Times
and Agnew resignation, 45
and CIA allegations, 111–12, 113–15, 117
elections of 1976 and, 130, 228–29
and Ford East Asia trip, 95–96, 102, 105
Ford meeting with editors from, 117, 146
and Ford offers to Reagan, 228–29
and Glomar Explorer story, 121
Nixon stories in, 34, 44, 55, 229–30
and Republican Party divisions, 134, 136
and Rockefeller as VP, 85
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 185
and Soviet-U.S. relations, 112, 232, 258–59
and threats/attempted assassinations of Ford, 206–7
Vietnam War stories in, 146, 159
and WIN Program, 68
Nguyen Van Thieu, 146, 150, 159
Nixon, Donald, 55
Nixon, Patricia, 41
Nixon, Richard M.
atonement/contrition of, 7–8, 36–39
attempted assassination of, 4
“Enemies List” of, 6
Ford compared with, 23–24, 51, 102, 104
Ford relationship with, 11, 31–32, 40–41, 43, 48, 129–30
Ford views about, 230
health of, 2, 38, 41, 43, 48, 55, 56, 129–30, 196
post-presidential staff of, 54–55
resignation of, 1–3, 7–8, 9–11, 20, 110
See also specific person or topic
Nordheimer, Jon, 228
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. See NATO
North Carolina: Republican 1976 primary in, 236–39
NSC. See National Security Council
O’Donnell, Terry, 202
Office of Economic Opportunity, 52, 87, 144
Operation Babylift, 156
Operation “New Life,” 156
Packard, David, 196
Palm Springs, California: Ford-Reagan meeting in, 137
Parade magazine, 121
pardon, Nixon
as admission of guilt, 46
Becker negotiations concerning, 36–39
Burdick v. United States and, 46
as challenge facing Ford, 141
elections of 1976 and, 129, 230, 264
Ford consideration of, 32, 35, 36–39
Ford decision to, 42–44
Ford justification for, 55, 56
and media, 42, 46, 47, 55, 56, 118
Nixon acceptance of, 45–46
and Nixon contrition, 36–39, 44, 45–46
and prosecution of Nixon, 39–41
reactions to, 41, 43–44, 46–48, 55–57
Rumsfeld and, 35, 47, 48, 56–57
and terHorst resignation, 42
Park Chung-hee, 97, 98, 99, 181
Pennsylvania: 1976 primary elections in, 242–43
Peoria, Illinois: Ford détente statements in, 236
Pike, Otis, 123
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 247
Playboy magazine: Carter interview with, 261–62
political adversaries
Ford personality/style with, 11
See also specific person
Powers, Gary, 120
presidency
and Ford as “accidental President,” 270
Ford views about, 141–42, 252–53, 271
and incapacity of President, 196
protection of, 195–96
Press Office, White House, 65–66. See also specific person
Reagan, Michael, 238–39
Reagan, Ronald
ambitions of, 126–27, 136, 197
“American First” vision of, 238
and CIA allegations, 116
conservatives and, 127, 128, 130, 132, 133, 180, 220, 232
and economy, 241–42
elections of 1980 and, 180
Ford job offers for, 125–27, 134–37, 227, 228–29
Ford Oval Office visit with, 125
and foreign affairs, 180, 230–31, 236–38, 241, 251–52
and Kissinger, 225, 231, 236, 237–38, 239, 240, 241, 251
media and, 136, 225–26, 228, 248
and Nixon vice presidency, 78
Palm Springs meeting between Ford and, 137
personal and professional background of, 131–32
and Republican Party, 127, 132, 133–34, 136
and Rockefeller, 116, 130, 132, 138, 231
and Rumsfeld Defense budget, 237
Rumsfeld meetings with, 127, 134–37, 227
Rumsfeld views about, 137–38
and Solzhenitsyn visit, 186–87
Reagan, Ronald—elections of 1976 and
defeat of, 253
Ford compared with, 226, 227, 236–38
Ford relations with, 252, 253–54
Ford support for, 242
as Ford supporter, 126
and Republican National Convention, 243, 246–54
and Republican primaries, 225–43, 263
Reischauer, Edwin O., 98–99
religion
elections of 1976 and, 254–55
Republican National Convention (Kansas City, 1976), 243, 246–54
Republican National Leadership Conference (1975), 133–34, 136
Republican Party
conservative movement in, 127, 196
divide within, 127, 133–34, 136, 193
elections of 1974 and, 71–72
and Ford, 178
and Ford overtures to Reagan, 229
1976 primary elections of, 225–43
and Reagan-Ford relationship, 253–54
and selection of Ford VP, 32
and selection of Rockefeller as VP, 79, 84–85
See also specific person
Rockefeller, Nelson
and attempted assassinations of Ford, 207, 209
briefings for, 209
confirmation as VP of, 90
and Connally story, 207–8
conservatives and, 84–85, 217, 220, 221
and domestic affairs, 217–18
elections of 1968 and, 78, 79, 138
elections of 1976 and, 81, 85, 127, 130, 132, 138, 217, 220–22, 223, 231, 248, 250–51
Ford relationship with, 83, 86, 217, 220, 221
“Halloween Massacre” and, 215, 217–22, 223
influence of, 217
and Mayaguez crisis, 170, 172–73, 175
and national security, 83–84
and Nixon vice presidency, 78, 79, 81, 84
personal and professional background of, 81–82
personality/style of, 82–83, 207, 218
policy proposals of, 197, 202, 217–19
and Reagan, 116, 130, 132, 138, 231
at Republican National Convention (1976), 250–51
selection as VP of, 77–87
staff relations with, 197, 217–20
VP nomination of, 14
VP responsibilities of, 83–84, 86, 217–18
and World Trade Center, 14
Rockefeller Commission, 116–17, 121–22, 123
Roosevelt, Franklin D. “FDR,” 23–24, 30, 82, 132
Roosevelt, Theodore “Teddy,” 18, 237, 246
Rosenthal, A.M., 117
Rove, Karl, 128
Rumsfeld, Donald
appointed as Ford Chief of Staff, 49–52, 66
Ford gift to, 264
Ford relationship with, 21–22, 48–49, 239, 242, 268–69
as NATO ambassador, 7, 20–22, 42
and Nixon pardon, 42
professional background of, 21, 52, 60, 87, 144
resignation as Chief of Staff of, 213, 222
responsibilities of, 53–54, 183, 207
role in Ford administration of, 143
role in Nixon administration of, 52
and Rumsfeld-Cheney memoir, 213, 222–23
and staff for Ford White House, 25–26
See also specific person or topic
Rumsfeld, Joyce (wife), 20–21, 53, 259, 262, 263, 264, 268
Sacramento, California: attempted assassination of Ford in, 198–201, 205
Safer, Morley, 196
Safire, William, 78
Salamites, James, 210–11
Salinger, Pierre, 150
San Francisco, California: attempted assassination of Ford in, 201–5
Sargent, Daniel, 188
Saudi Arabia, 186
Sawyer, Diane, 55
Schlesinger, James “Jim”
and coordination of foreign policy personnel, 178
Ford relationship with, 152, 162, 213–14, 217
and Glomar Explorer, 119
“Halloween Massacre” and, 217, 223–24
and Kissinger, 152, 161–62, 217
and Mayaguez crisis, 167, 170, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177
resignation of, 224
and SALT, 189
and Vietnam War, 145, 148, 155–56, 161–63
Scowcroft, Brent
and Angola-Cuba affair, 191
elections of 1976 and, 239–40, 242, 251, 261
and Glomar Explorer, 120
“Halloween Massacre” and, 223
and Mayaguez crisis, 167, 171, 172, 176, 177
National Security Advisor appointment of, 223
and Rockefeller Commission, 122
and SALT, 192
Solzhenitsyn visit and, 184
Scranton, Bill, 22
Sears, John, 226
Secret Service
and attempted assassinations of Ford, 198, 200, 201–2, 204, 205
congressional hearings about, 205–6
and Connecticut car accident, 210
and Ford trip to Japan, 91
prevention of assassination attempts by, 207
and security changes, 209
and threats against Ford, 206
Seidman, Bill, 65
Selective Service Act, 145
Senate Appropriations Committee, 55
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 149, 158, 177
Sipple, Oliver, 203–4
60 Minutes (CBS-TV), 196
smoking gun tape, 5
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 181–87, 251
Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, 151
South Korea: Ford trip to, 89–90, 97–99
Southeast Asia, U.S. allies in, 169
Soviet Union
arms limitations agreement with, 40, 58, 101, 102, 103, 104, 112, 120, 189–93, 256
and challenges facing Ford, 58
détente toward, 12, 109, 133, 183, 184, 186, 190–91, 230–33, 236, 237, 251, 252
and Eastern Europe, 258–61
elections of 1976 and, 230–33, 234, 236, 239–40, 251, 252, 256, 257, 258–61, 263
and Ford accomplishments, 75, 257
and Ford Doctrine, 181
and Ford personality/style, 271
Ford trip to, 89–90, 99–104, 182
invasion of Hungary by, 163–64
military buildup in, 239–40, 257
and Nixon, 101, 109, 133, 184, 231, 232
and Solzhenitsyn, 181–87
and Threshold Test Ban Treaty, 109
and Ukraine, 181
See also Glomar Explorer; Helsinki Accords;
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT); specific person
spacecraft, Apollo and Soyuz, 182
Sparkman, John, 177
speeches, Ford
and first speech to nation, 31–32
and Ford as congressman, 66
Kissinger role in, 159–61
and Nixon resignation, 11–12
writing/vetting of, 19, 26, 64–66, 160, 216
See also specific organization or topic
“spokes of a wheel” approach, 29–30, 49, 51, 184, 215
State Department, U.S.
elections of 1976 and, 235, 241
and Ford Doctrine, 181
former Nixon appointees in, 151
and Kissinger-Rumsfeld relationship, 262
and Mayaguez crisis, 177
and Rumsfeld-Kissinger relationship, 224
SALT and, 235
and Soviet-U.S. relations, 182
Stevens, John Paul, 197
Stoessel, Walter, 234
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)
accomplishments of, 232
and Angola, 191
and benefits of détente, 233
blame for, 264
and Defense Department, 189, 235
elections of 1976 and, 193, 235
and Ford visit to Soviet Union, 102
and Kissinger-Schlesinger-Ford relationship, 152
and National Security Council (NSC), 239
negotiations concerning, 182, 189–93, 235, 256
Rumsfeld and, 234
Soviet violations of, 182
and State Department, 235
See also specific person
Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, 108–9
Supreme Court, U.S., appointments to, 85, 197
Symington, Stuart, 153
Tanaka, Kakuei, 94
tape recording system, Soviet, 103
tape recording system, White House, 5–6, 23–24, 25, 54, 56
Tax Reduction Act (1975), 75
terHorst, Jerry, 26, 33, 42, 50, 55, 65
Theis, Paul, 66
Threshold Test Ban Treaty, 109
Thurmond, Strom, 238
Time magazine, 46–47, 95, 105, 186
A Time to Heal (Ford memoir), 9, 19, 68, 96, 164, 168, 185, 233, 264
Torrijos, Omar, 238
Tower, John, 79
transition, Ford-Carter, 264
transition, Nixon-Ford
and challenges facing Ford, 19
Ford personality/style of, 23–24
and Ford-Rumsfeld relationship, 21–22
Ford’s critical decisions during, 17–18
and Nixon post-presidential staff, 54–55
official team members for, 22–23
Rumsfeld as chairman of, 22, 23, 80
and Rumsfeld return to U.S., 20–22
and selection of Ford VP, 80
unofficial team for, 22
and White House personnel, 24–26
Treasury Department, U.S., 206
Truman, Harry S., 30, 61, 82, 132, 220
Tulane University: Ford Vietnam speech at, 159, 160–61
Twenty-fifth Amendment, 80
U-2 spy plane, 120
Ukraine, 181
United States
divisions within, 8
national mood of, 3–5
trust in government of, 6, 8, 271
as world leader, 168
University of Michigan
U.S. News & World Report, 105
USS Coral Sea (ship), 170, 171, 175–76
USS Gerald R. Ford (ship), 267–68, 269
USS Holt (ship), 171, 173, 175, 176
USS Monterey (ship), xv, 269, 275
Van Tien Dung, 150
Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW): Ford speech to, 145
criteria for selection of, 80–81
Ford choice in 1976 for, 249–50, 252
Ford views about, 253
Reagan choice in 1976 for, 248, 249
relationships between President and, 83
responsibilities of, 77–78, 83–84
as running a Cabinet department, 77, 86
and selection of Agnew replacement, 13–14, 56, 78–79, 81, 84
selection of Ford’s, 33, 77–87
and Twenty-fifth Amendment, 80
See also specific person
Vietnam War
American casualties in, 164
amnesty to deserters and draft evaders during, 145
B-52s in, 175
as challenge facing Ford, 141, 142, 144–45
and Congress, 141, 146–49, 153, 154, 155–58, 159, 163–64
elections of 1976 and, 157, 241, 263
end of U.S. involvement in, 161–62, 168
evacuations during, 150, 155–58, 159, 161–63
and fall of Da Nang, 138–39, 142
and Ford accomplishments, 222
and Ford personality/style, 149, 271
Ford speeches about, 145, 147–48, 157–58, 159–61
and Kissinger, 141, 152–53, 156, 157, 161–63
and Korean-U.S. relations, 97
and media, 142, 146, 154, 161–62
Operation Babylift during, 156
and Paris Peace Accords, 145, 153
and post-Vietnam foreign policy, 164–65
refugees from, 155, 156, 159, 163–64
rescue operations during, 154–64
support for, 163
surrender of South Vietnam in, 162
and U.S. allies, 169
U.S. role in, 139
Vladivostok Summit, 101–4, 182, 234
Volpe, John, 79
Waldheim, Kurt, 187
Wall Street Journal, 75
Warren Commission, 121–22, 123, 198–99
Washington Post, 6, 18, 44, 127, 182
Watergate (1972)
and challenges facing Ford, 267
and CIA, 112
elections of 1974 and, 72
elections of 1976 and, 129, 130, 263
and Ford foreign trips, 90
Nixon contrition about, 36–39, 44, 45–46
and Reagan as Nixon supporter, 7
and staff for Ford White House, 25–26
storage of papers concerning, 36
tape recordings about, 5–6, 25
See also pardon, Nixon; specific person
Werner, Robert, 70
White House
locked safe in, 53–54
and Nixon-Ford staff transition, 24–26
and Rumsfeld as replacement for Haig, 49–52
size of staff at, 52–53
tape recording system in, 5–6, 23–24, 25
“trappings” of, 52
White House, Ford
access to Oval Office in, 28–30, 51, 215–16
Chief of Staff responsibilities in, 183
deputy system in, 183
ethics/perceptions of, 53
and Ford personality/style, 214–15
“Halloween Massacre” and, 213–24
morale in, 216
Rumsfeld-Cheney memo concerning, 213, 222–23
Rumsfeld named Chief of Staff of, 49–52, 66
structure and organization for, 51, 52–53, 69–70, 213–24
Williams, Brenda, 54
WIN program, 63–65, 66–69, 74, 75, 77
Wisconsin: 1976 primary elections in, 242
Woodward, Bob, 44
World Trade Center (New York City): Philippe Petit stunt at, 14
Yom Kippur War, 60
Young Americans for Freedom, 84